Distribution network terminal standby battery protection method and system based on time relay

Abstract

The invention discloses a distribution network terminal standby battery protection method and system based on a time relay, and the method comprises the steps: starting the time relay, controlling the power supply of a standby battery, and guaranteeing a terminal to complete the operation according to a preset time parameter when the power loss of a distribution network line is detected; health parameters of the standby battery are monitored in real time and preprocessed, and real-time state data of the battery are calculated; according to the real-time state data of the battery, optimizing the charging and discharging strategy of the standby battery, and adjusting the charging and discharging process; and after power supply is recovered, the standby battery is automatically switched to the intelligent charging mode. The time relay is started to control the standby battery to supply power when the distribution network line loses power, power supply is cut off according to the preset time parameter, and unnecessary battery loss is effectively avoided. Meanwhile, the real-time health monitoring and data preprocessing technology is introduced, the real-time state data of the battery can be accurately calculated, the charging and discharging strategy is dynamically optimized according to the state of the battery, and it is ensured that the charging and discharging process is safe and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power system and energy management, and in particular to a distribution network terminal backup battery protection method and system based on a time relay. Background Art

[0002] With the development of modern power systems, the automation level of power grids continues to improve, and distribution networks have gradually become a key link in power supply. In this context, the reliability and intelligent management of distribution network terminals are particularly important. In recent years, backup batteries have been widely used as emergency power sources for distribution network terminals during power outages, mainly to ensure the continuous operation of equipment and systems. However, traditional backup battery management systems usually rely on fixed charging and discharging strategies and lack the ability to accurately monitor and dynamically adjust the real-time status of batteries. This approach often leads to over-discharge or over-charging of batteries in actual operation, which not only reduces the service life of the battery, but also increases the maintenance cost of the equipment.

[0003] The existing backup battery protection methods have the following main shortcomings: First, most systems rely on simple delay relays to control power supply when the distribution network line loses power, and cannot adjust the power supply time according to actual needs, which may cause the battery to supply power for a long time when it is not necessary, increasing the battery loss. Secondly, traditional battery monitoring methods are mostly based on regular inspections and manual evaluations, lacking real-time and accuracy, and it is difficult to detect changes in the health of the battery in a timely manner, especially abnormal changes in key parameters such as internal resistance, temperature and voltage. Thirdly, the singleness of the charging and discharging strategy limits the flexibility of battery management, and it is impossible to optimize and adjust according to the real-time status data of the battery, which is prone to overcharging or over-discharging. In addition, after the power supply is restored, there is a lack of intelligent charging management, and a constant current and constant voltage mode is often used, without considering the health status and environmental factors of the battery, which may cause battery overheating or other safety hazards. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem solved by the present invention is: how to solve the problems of fixed power supply time, delayed monitoring and single strategy commonly existing in the existing backup battery management technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a distribution network terminal backup battery protection method based on a time relay, comprising: when a distribution network line is detected to be out of power, starting the time relay, controlling the backup battery to supply power, ensuring that the terminal completes the action according to a preset time parameter, and cutting off the power supply when the preset time is reached;

[0007] Monitor the health parameters of backup batteries in real time and perform preprocessing to calculate the real-time status data of the batteries;

[0008] According to the real-time status data of the battery, optimize the charging and discharging strategy of the backup battery and adjust the charging and discharging process;

[0009] After power is restored, the backup battery automatically switches to smart charging mode.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the time relay-based distribution network terminal backup battery protection method of the present invention, wherein: the method of ensuring that the terminal completes the action according to the preset time parameter includes setting the preset time parameter T preset , determined by the sum of the time required for all necessary operations to be completed by the terminal;

[0011] Start the time relay timing and immediately start the backup battery power supply to ensure that the distribution network terminal completes all necessary switching and data protection operations within the set time. The time relay is T preset Continuous power supply inside;

[0012] When the time relay reaches T preset When the power supply of the backup battery is disconnected, the system records all operation logs and uploads the relevant data of the power supply switching process through the remote monitoring platform;

[0013] After the distribution network resumes power supply, the system automatically resets the time relay, switches back to normal power supply mode, and enters regular monitoring state.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the time relay-based distribution network terminal backup battery protection method of the present invention, wherein: the health parameters of the backup battery include temperature, internal resistance, voltage and current;

[0015] The preprocessing includes filtering and denoising.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the time relay-based distribution network terminal backup battery protection method of the present invention, the calculation of the real-time status data of the battery includes real-time monitoring of the temperature change of the battery and calculating the temperature change rate, and the formula is:

[0017]

[0018] Where T is the battery temperature, I is the current, and R th is the thermal resistance, T amb is the ambient temperature, k 1 and k 2 is a constant;

[0019] The internal resistance of the battery is calculated by the small signal analysis method, and the formula is:

[0020]

[0021] Where ΔV is the voltage change and ΔI is the current change;

[0022] The exponential decay model is used to calculate the voltage change during battery discharge. The formula is:

[0023] V(t)=V 0 -IR int -k 3 e -t / τ

[0024] Among them, V 0 is the initial voltage, k 3 and τ are the decay constants;

[0025] Calculate the real-time comprehensive status data of the battery:

[0026]

[0027] Among them, S(t) is the real-time status data of the battery, reflecting the current comprehensive health level of the battery; λ 1 and λ 2 is the adjustment coefficient, which is used to optimize the response characteristics of the formula; I n is the current measured for the nth time, α n is the attenuation coefficient, t n is the measurement time, β n is the battery parameter adjustment coefficient, T n is the battery temperature measured for the nth time.

[0028] As a preferred solution of the time relay-based distribution network terminal backup battery protection method of the present invention, wherein: the adjustment charging and discharging process includes: when S(t)>S high When the battery is in a healthy state, it maintains the standard charge and discharge strategy, maintains normal charge current and discharge depth, and continues to monitor battery parameters to ensure its smooth operation;

[0029] When S mid ≤S(t)≤S high When the battery starts to become abnormal, the system automatically reduces the charging current and discharge depth, increases the frequency of data monitoring, and analyzes the data through the remote monitoring platform;

[0030] When S low ≤S(t) mid If the battery is in poor condition, the system will reduce the charging current, limit the discharging current, implement an intermittent charging strategy, and notify the maintenance team to conduct an inspection.

[0031] When S(t) low ​​When the battery is in a dangerous state, the system immediately stops all charging and discharging operations, starts the emergency shutdown procedure, sends an emergency alarm, isolates the faulty battery, uploads relevant data in real time, and notifies maintenance personnel to check; after restoring and verifying that the battery status is normal, restart the normal charging and discharging operation.

[0032] As a preferred solution of the time relay-based distribution network terminal backup battery protection method of the present invention, wherein: the automatic switching of the backup battery to the intelligent charging mode includes detecting a power supply recovery signal, automatically switching the system to the main power supply, and starting the charging preparation process for the backup battery at the same time;

[0033] Through the health parameter monitoring system, the battery parameter data is detected in real time to determine the current health status and charging requirements of the battery;

[0034] Intelligently adjust the charging current and voltage according to the current state of the battery, and set the initial charging current to the lowest value within the safe range;

[0035] Use segmented charging strategy for charging control;

[0036] During the entire charging process, the battery temperature is monitored in real time. If the temperature reaches the safety threshold T max , immediately reduce the charging current or suspend charging, and continue charging after the temperature drops back to a safe range;

[0037] After charging is completed, the system automatically switches to trickle charging mode or stops charging and enters monitoring state, while recording all data during the charging process and uploading it to the data platform for analysis and storage.

[0038] As a preferred solution of the time relay-based distribution network terminal backup battery protection method of the present invention, the segmented charging strategy includes setting the initial charging current I init , which is the lowest value within the safety range;

[0039] Set the charging voltage upper threshold V max and the current stability threshold I stable ;

[0040] When the battery voltage V(t) is less than the upper limit threshold of the charging voltage V max And the charging current I(t) is greater than the current stability threshold I stable When the system maintains a constant initial charging current I init , until the battery voltage approaches V max ;

[0041] When the battery voltage reaches the upper charging voltage threshold V max When the system automatically switches to the constant voltage charging stage;

[0042] Set the voltage stability value V in the constant voltage stage set and the cut-off current threshold I cutoff , where V set <V max ;

[0043] In the constant voltage charging stage, the charging voltage V(t) is kept stable at V set , while monitoring the charging current I(t;

[0044] When the charging current I(t) decreases to I cutoff , the system determines that the battery is nearly fully charged.

[0045] A distribution network terminal backup battery protection system based on a time relay, characterized in that it includes:

[0046] Power supply switching and time control module: When the power outage of the distribution network line is detected, the time relay is started to control the backup battery to supply power, and the power supply is cut off in time after the terminal completes the action according to the preset time parameters;

[0047] Health data monitoring module: real-time monitoring of the health parameters of the backup battery and pre-processing, calculating the real-time status data of the battery;

[0048] Charge and discharge strategy optimization module: optimizes the charge and discharge strategy of the backup battery and adjusts the charge and discharge process according to the real-time status data of the battery;

[0049] Intelligent charging management module: After power is restored, the backup battery is automatically switched to intelligent charging mode.

[0050] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention effectively avoids unnecessary battery loss by starting the time relay to control the backup battery power supply when the distribution network line loses power, and cutting off the power supply according to the preset time parameters. At the same time, the present invention introduces real-time health monitoring and data preprocessing technology, which can accurately calculate the real-time status data of the battery, dynamically optimize the charging and discharging strategy according to the battery status, and ensure the safe and efficient charging and discharging process. In particular, after the power supply is restored, the system can automatically switch to the intelligent charging mode to prevent the battery from overcharging or overheating, extend the battery life and ensure system safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the figures required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the figures described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other figures can be obtained based on these figures without paying creative work.

[0052] Figure 1A flow chart of a distribution network terminal backup battery protection method based on a time relay provided in the first embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the specification drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] Example 1, reference Figure 1 , is an embodiment of the present invention, and provides a distribution network terminal backup battery protection method based on a time relay, comprising:

[0055] S1: When a power failure is detected in the distribution network line, the time relay is started to control the backup battery power supply to ensure that the terminal completes the action according to the preset time parameters. When the preset time is reached, the power supply is cut off.

[0056] Set the preset time parameter to T preset , determined by the sum of the time required for all necessary operations to be completed by the terminal.

[0057] Start the time relay timing and immediately start the backup battery power supply to ensure that the distribution network terminal completes all necessary switching and data protection operations within the set time. The time relay is T preset Continuous power supply inside.

[0058] When the time relay reaches T preset The backup battery power supply is automatically disconnected. At the same time, the system records all operation logs and uploads relevant data of the power supply switching process through the remote monitoring platform.

[0059] After the distribution network resumes power supply, the system automatically resets the time relay, switches back to normal power supply mode, and enters regular monitoring state.

[0060] Furthermore, when the present invention detects that the distribution network line loses power, it starts the time relay to control the power supply of the backup battery. The use of the time relay is not just for simple power supply switching, but to ensure the rational use of the battery by setting precise preset time parameters. The setting of the preset time parameters is based on the sum of the time required for all necessary operations to be completed by the terminal, including but not limited to data preservation, device status reset, and system switching. By strictly controlling the power supply time, the present invention avoids the problem of battery over-discharge that may be caused by the lack of precise control in traditional systems. This technology not only extends the service life of the battery, but also ensures that the system can safely and reliably complete all key operations in the event of a brief power outage.

[0061] Furthermore, the time relay continuously monitors and controls the backup battery power supply during the power supply process. When the preset time is reached, the system automatically disconnects the backup battery power supply. This process involves real-time monitoring of the battery's operating status and power supply requirements to ensure that all necessary switching and data protection operations can be effectively completed within the battery power supply time window. In addition, the system automatically records all operation logs, including the time point and duration of the power supply switching, as well as related system status data. These data are uploaded and stored in real time through the remote monitoring platform, providing a detailed basis for system maintenance and problem diagnosis. This systematic data recording and monitoring capability greatly improves the efficiency and accuracy of system management.

[0062] It should be noted that after the distribution network line resumes power supply, the system automatically resets the time relay, switches back to the normal power supply mode, and enters the regular monitoring state. The reset function of the time relay ensures the reset and preparation of the backup battery management system, avoiding power supply failure caused by the failure to reset the system in the next power outage event. Under the normal monitoring state, the system not only monitors the health status and charging status of the battery, but also continuously evaluates the power supply stability of the distribution network. Through these measures, the present invention still maintains comprehensive monitoring of the battery and system during normal operation after power supply is restored, ensuring the safety and reliability of the entire power supply system. This design fully reflects the technical advantages of the battery management system in intelligence and automation, especially in providing a seamless power management solution during the transition period of power outage and restoration.

[0063] S2: Monitor the health parameters of the backup battery in real time and perform preprocessing to calculate the real-time status data of the battery.

[0064] The health parameters of the backup battery include temperature, internal resistance, voltage and current; the preprocessing includes filtering and denoising.

[0065] Monitor the temperature change of the battery in real time and calculate the temperature change rate. The formula is:

[0066]

[0067] Where T is the battery temperature, I is the current, and R th is the thermal resistance, T amb is the ambient temperature, k 1 and k 2 This formula reveals the influence of current and ambient temperature on the temperature change inside the battery, and provides a scientific basis for the thermal management of the battery.

[0068] The internal resistance of the battery is calculated by the small signal analysis method, and the formula is:

[0069]

[0070] Where ΔV is the voltage change and ΔI is the current change. This formula can accurately evaluate the change in the battery's internal resistance, which is an important indicator of battery aging and health. By monitoring the change in internal resistance, the battery's aging process and performance degradation trend can be predicted, which helps to formulate corresponding maintenance strategies.

[0071] The exponential decay model is used to calculate the voltage change during battery discharge. The formula is:

[0072] V(t)=V 0 -IR int -k 3 e -t / τ

[0073] Among them, V 0 is the initial voltage, k 3 and τ are attenuation constants. This formula describes the voltage drop behavior of the battery during discharge and reflects the energy consumption and loss inside the battery.

[0074] Calculate the real-time comprehensive status data of the battery:

[0075]

[0076] Among them, S(t) is the real-time status data of the battery, reflecting the current comprehensive health level of the battery; λ 1 and λ 2 is the adjustment coefficient, which is used to optimize the response characteristics of the formula; I n is the current measured for the nth time, α n is the attenuation coefficient, t n is the measurement time, β n is the battery parameter adjustment coefficient, T n is the battery temperature measured for the nth time.

[0077] S(t) provides a multi-dimensional battery health status assessment system. This not only improves the ability to accurately assess the battery status, but also provides an accurate basis for optimizing the charging and discharging strategy. In particular, when the battery status changes slightly, the system can keenly capture and make corresponding adjustments, reflecting the innovation of the present invention in data refinement management.

[0078] It should be noted that through the above-mentioned calculation of the real-time comprehensive battery status data S(t), the system can accurately evaluate the health and operating status of the battery, thus providing a reliable basis for the subsequent optimization of the charging and discharging strategy. This method combines the real-time monitoring of multiple parameters with the analysis of complex mathematical models, significantly improving the intelligence and accuracy of the battery management system, and providing a strong guarantee for the safe operation and life extension of the battery.

[0079] S3: According to the real-time status data of the battery, the charging and discharging strategy of the backup battery is optimized and the charging and discharging process is adjusted.

[0080] When S(t)>S high When the battery is in a healthy state, it maintains the standard charge and discharge strategy, maintains normal charging current and discharge depth, and continues to monitor battery parameters to ensure its smooth operation.

[0081] When S mid ≤S(t)≤S high When the current battery begins to show abnormalities, the system automatically reduces the charging current, reduces the discharge depth, increases the data monitoring frequency, and analyzes the data through the remote monitoring platform.

[0082] When S low ≤S(t) mid If the battery is in poor condition, the system will reduce the charging current, limit the discharging current, implement an intermittent charging strategy, and notify the maintenance team to conduct an inspection.

[0083] When S(t) low When the battery is in a dangerous state, the system immediately stops all charging and discharging operations, starts the emergency shutdown procedure, sends an emergency alarm, isolates the faulty battery, uploads relevant data in real time, and notifies maintenance personnel to check; after restoring and verifying that the battery status is normal, restart the normal charging and discharging operation.

[0084] ​​Furthermore, when the battery begins to behave abnormally, the present invention proposes a strategy to automatically reduce the charging current and the depth of discharge. This measure can not only effectively reduce the internal stress of the battery and delay battery aging, but also reduce the risk of heat accumulation. The temperature of the battery is one of the key factors affecting its safety and life. By reducing the charging current and the depth of discharge, the present invention effectively controls the heat generation inside the battery. This innovative adjustment is different from the traditional method that may only rely on simple current limitation, but is based on precise control of real-time data, with higher response speed and accuracy.

[0085] Furthermore, when the battery is in a bad state, the system implements an intermittent charging strategy. The innovation of this strategy is to dynamically adjust the charging cycle and rest period to avoid overheating caused by continuous charging. This intermittent charging not only gives the battery time to dissipate heat physically, but also protects the stability of the battery's internal chemical structure through temperature control. This method is particularly suitable for battery management when working under high load or high ambient temperature, effectively avoiding battery performance degradation or failure due to long-term high temperature operation.

[0086] When the system determines that the battery is in a dangerous state, it immediately stops all charging and discharging operations and starts the emergency shutdown procedure. This is not only a protection for the battery itself, but also plays a vital role in the safety of the entire system. In traditional systems, the lack of a rapid response mechanism to battery emergencies may lead to serious safety accidents. The present invention can isolate faulty batteries in the shortest time and prevent potential accidents through real-time data monitoring and rapid response mechanisms. At the same time, the system uploads relevant data in real time and notifies maintenance personnel to ensure that the problem is resolved as soon as it occurs and restore the normal operation of the system.

[0087] S4: After power is restored, the backup battery automatically switches to smart charging mode.

[0088] Detects power restoration signal, automatically switches the system to main power supply, and starts charging preparation process for backup battery at the same time.

[0089] Through the health parameter monitoring system, the battery parameter data is detected in real time to determine the battery's current health status and charging requirements.

[0090] According to the current state of the battery, the charging current and voltage are intelligently adjusted, and the initial charging current is set to the lowest value within the safe range.

[0091] A segmented charging strategy is used for charging control.

[0092] During the entire charging process, the battery temperature is monitored in real time. If the temperature reaches the safety threshold T max , immediately reduce the charging current or suspend charging, and continue charging after the temperature drops back to a safe range.

[0093] After charging is completed, the system automatically switches to trickle charging mode or stops charging and enters monitoring state, while recording all data during the charging process and uploading it to the data platform for analysis and storage.

[0094] Furthermore, the segmented charging strategy includes setting the initial charging current I init , is the lowest value within the safe range; set the charging voltage upper limit threshold V max and the current stability threshold I stable ; When the battery voltage V(t is less than the upper limit threshold of the charging voltage V max And the charging current I(t) is greater than the current stability threshold I stable When the system maintains a constant initial charging current I init , until the battery voltage approaches V max ; When the battery voltage reaches the upper limit threshold of the charging voltage V max When the system automatically switches to the constant voltage charging stage, set the voltage stability value V set and the cut-off current threshold I cutoff , where V set <V max ; During the constant voltage charging stage, keep the charging voltage V(t) stable at V set , while monitoring the charging current I(t); when the charging current I(t) decreases to I cutoff , the system determines that the battery is nearly fully charged.

[0095] Furthermore, according to the current state of the battery, the charging current and voltage are intelligently adjusted, and the initial charging current is set to the lowest value within the safe range. The "minimum value" here refers to the current value when charging starts while ensuring safety. This setting can effectively prevent the battery from overheating due to high-current charging. The application of the segmented charging strategy reflects the refined management capabilities of the present invention. The strategy includes setting the initial charging current, the charging voltage upper limit threshold and the current stability threshold. When the battery voltage is less than the charging voltage upper limit threshold and the charging current is greater than the current stability threshold, the system maintains a constant initial charging current until the battery voltage approaches the upper limit.

[0096] During the entire charging process, the system monitors the battery temperature in real time. If it detects that the temperature reaches the safety threshold, the system will immediately reduce the charging current or suspend charging, and continue charging after the temperature drops back to a safe range. This mechanism effectively prevents the temperature rise caused by overcharging and protects the safety of the battery. The set temperature safety threshold and the ability to dynamically adjust the charging current are a highlight of the system, which can quickly respond to temperature changes and provide immediate protection.

[0097] When the battery voltage reaches the upper threshold of the charging voltage, the system automatically switches to the constant voltage charging stage. In this stage, the charging voltage is stabilized at the voltage stability value of the constant voltage stage, and the change of the charging current is monitored. When the charging current drops to the cut-off current threshold, the system determines that the battery is close to being fully charged. At this time, the system will automatically switch to the trickle charging mode or stop charging and enter the monitoring state.

[0098] It should be noted that the segmented charging strategy includes the whole process control from constant current to constant voltage and then to trickle current, ensuring that the battery is in the best condition at each stage of charging and avoiding battery damage caused by overcharging or overheating. In particular, after charging is completed, the system can automatically switch to trickle charging mode to provide a small amount of current supplement to keep the battery fully charged without overcharging. This design not only protects the battery life, but also improves the safety of charging.

[0099] The above embodiments also include a distribution network terminal backup battery protection system based on a time relay, specifically:

[0100] Power supply switching and time control module: When the distribution network line is detected to be out of power, the time relay is started to control the backup battery power supply, and the power supply is cut off in time according to the preset time parameters to ensure that the terminal completes the action.

[0101] Health data monitoring module: monitors the health parameters of the backup battery in real time and performs preprocessing to calculate the real-time status data of the battery.

[0102] Charge and discharge strategy optimization module: optimizes the charge and discharge strategy of the backup battery and adjusts the charge and discharge process according to the real-time status data of the battery.

[0103] Intelligent charging management module: After power is restored, the backup battery is automatically switched to intelligent charging mode.

[0104] The computer device may be a server. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface (I / O for short) and a communication interface. The processor, the memory and the input / output interface are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus via the input / output interface. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store data cluster data of a power monitoring system. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and an external device. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a distribution network terminal backup battery protection method based on a time relay is implemented.

[0105] A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to the memory, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The database involved in each embodiment provided in this application may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include distributed databases based on blockchains, etc., but are not limited to this. The processor involved in each embodiment provided in this application may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, a data processing logic device based on quantum computing, etc., but are not limited to this.

[0106] Example 2 is an embodiment of the present invention, which provides a distribution network terminal backup battery protection method based on a time relay. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, scientific demonstration is carried out through economic benefit calculation and simulation / comparative experiments.

[0107] This embodiment aims to verify the effectiveness of a distribution network terminal backup battery protection method based on a time relay, especially the battery charge and discharge control and safety protection under different working conditions. The experiment uses lithium-ion batteries that comply with IEC 62660 and GB / T 36276 standards and is conducted in a simulated distribution network terminal environment.

[0108] According to the time requirements for the distribution network terminal equipment to complete all necessary operations (such as data preservation, system switching, etc.), the preset time parameter of the time relay is set to 10 minutes. This parameter is set to ensure that in the event of a power outage on the distribution network line, the system has enough time to complete the preset time. The factors considered mainly include the pressure loss opening time of the section switch, the reclosing time of the boundary switch, the local self-healing time of the tie switch, and the sensitivity time of each switch action and other actions.

[0109] The power failure of the distribution network line is simulated, the time relay is started and the backup battery power supply is immediately switched. The temperature (℃), internal resistance (mΩ), voltage (V) and current (A) of the battery are collected in real time through the health parameter monitoring system. The collected data is filtered and denoised, and the real-time status data S(t) of the battery is calculated and uploaded to the remote monitoring platform. The temperature threshold is set to no more than 50℃ to meet the safety standards of battery manufacturers.

[0110] According to the real-time status data S(t), the system dynamically adjusts the charging and discharging strategy. When S(t)>80, the battery is in a healthy state, and the charging current is kept within 0.5C (5A) of the rated maximum value; when 60≤S(t≤80, it means that the battery health condition has slightly deteriorated, and the system reduces the charging current to 4A; when 40≤S(t)<60, the battery condition is not good, the charging current is further reduced to 2.5A, and an intermittent charging strategy is adopted to limit the discharge current; when S(t)<40, the system immediately stops all charging and discharging operations, starts the emergency shutdown procedure, and isolates the faulty battery.

[0111] After power is restored, the system automatically switches to the main power supply and starts the intelligent charging mode. The initial charging current is set to 1.5A, and a segmented charging strategy is adopted, including a constant current stage (setting the charging current to 1.5A until the battery voltage reaches 4.1V) and a constant voltage stage (the charging voltage is maintained at 4.1V until the charging current drops below 0.1A). During the entire charging process, the system monitors the battery temperature in real time and automatically adjusts the charging current when the temperature exceeds 45°C to ensure charging safety.

[0112] During the experiment, all health parameters and operation data were recorded and uploaded to the data platform for analysis and storage. The experimental data content can be found in Table 1.

[0113] Table 1 Experimental data table

[0114]

[0115] It can be seen from the experimental data table that the present invention adopts a flexible charging and discharging strategy under different battery conditions, which effectively protects the safety and service life of the battery. In the initial state, the battery health parameters show that it is in the normal working range (status data S(t) = 95), and the system maintains a normal charging and discharging strategy. After the power failure simulation, the backup battery starts to supply power, the battery temperature and internal resistance rise slightly, and the status data drops to 82. The system adjusts the charging current to 4.5A based on the real-time monitoring data to keep it within the safe range.

[0116] When the battery status is abnormal (status data S(t) = 67), the system further reduces the charging current to 3.5A to avoid excessive temperature and internal resistance rise. In the case of poor status (status data S(t) = 48), the system adopts an intermittent charging strategy, the charging current is reduced to 2.5A, and charging is suspended several times to avoid the temperature rising to a dangerous level. Finally, when the battery is detected to be in a dangerous state (status data S(t) = 32), the system stops all charging and discharging operations in time to ensure safety.

[0117] After power is restored, the system automatically switches to intelligent charging mode and dynamically adjusts the charging current according to the current state of the battery. The initial current is set to 1.5A, and a segmented charging strategy is adopted. During the charging process, the battery temperature is monitored in real time to ensure that it does not exceed the safety threshold of 45°C. Such an intelligent management system not only ensures the safety of the battery, but also provides accurate battery health assessment through data monitoring and analysis.

[0118] In summary, the present invention shows significant innovation in the flexible adjustment and intelligent management of charging and discharging strategies. Compared with the traditional fixed charging strategy, the present invention can accurately adjust the charging current and voltage under different battery conditions, effectively preventing overcharging, over-discharging and overheating problems. This intelligent charging and discharging management system based on real-time data not only extends the service life of the battery, but also significantly improves the safety and reliability of the system. The experimental data fully demonstrates the effectiveness and advantages of the present invention and demonstrates its significant effects in practical applications.

[0119] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distribution network terminal backup battery protection method based on a time relay, characterized in that: include: When the power failure of the distribution network line is detected, the time relay is started to control the backup battery to supply power, and the terminal completes the action according to the preset time parameters. When the preset time is reached, the power supply is cut off; Monitor the health parameters of backup batteries in real time and perform preprocessing to calculate the real-time status data of the batteries; According to the real-time status data of the battery, optimize the charging and discharging strategy of the backup battery and adjust the charging and discharging process; After power is restored, the backup battery automatically switches to smart charging mode.

2. The method for protecting the backup battery of a distribution network terminal based on a time relay as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The step of ensuring that the terminal completes the action according to the preset time parameter includes setting the preset time parameter as T preset , determined by the sum of the time required for all necessary operations to be completed by the terminal; Start the time relay timing and immediately start the backup battery power supply to ensure that the distribution network terminal completes all necessary switching and data protection operations within the set time. The time relay is T preset Continuous power supply inside; When the time relay reaches T preset When the power supply of the backup battery is disconnected, the system records all operation logs and uploads the relevant data of the power supply switching process through the remote monitoring platform; After the distribution network resumes power supply, the system automatically resets the time relay, switches back to normal power supply mode, and enters regular monitoring state.

3. The method for protecting the backup battery of a distribution network terminal based on a time relay as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The health parameters of the backup battery include temperature, internal resistance, voltage and current; The preprocessing includes filtering and denoising.

4. The method for protecting the backup battery of a distribution network terminal based on a time relay as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation of the real-time status data of the battery includes real-time monitoring of the temperature change of the battery and calculating the temperature change rate. The formula is: Where T is the battery temperature, I is the current, and R th is the thermal resistance, T amb is the ambient temperature, k1 and k2 are constants; The internal resistance of the battery is calculated by the small signal analysis method, and the formula is: Where ΔV is the voltage change and ΔI is the current change; The exponential decay model is used to calculate the voltage change during battery discharge. The formula is: V(t)=V0-IR int -k3e -t / τ Where V0 is the initial voltage, k3 and τ are the decay constants; Calculate the real-time comprehensive status data of the battery: Among them, S(t) is the real-time status data of the battery, which reflects the current comprehensive health level of the battery; λ1 and λ2 are adjustment coefficients used to optimize the response characteristics of the formula; I n is the current measured at the nth time, α n is the attenuation coefficient, t n is the measurement time, β n is the battery parameter adjustment coefficient, T n is the battery temperature measured for the nth time.

5. The method for protecting the backup battery of a distribution network terminal based on a time relay as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment charging and discharging process includes: when S(t)>S high When the battery is in a healthy state, it maintains the standard charge and discharge strategy, maintains normal charge current and discharge depth, and continues to monitor battery parameters to ensure its smooth operation; When S mid ≤S(t)≤S high When the battery starts to become abnormal, the system automatically reduces the charging current and discharge depth, increases the frequency of data monitoring, and analyzes the data through the remote monitoring platform; When S low ≤S(t) mid If the battery is in poor condition, the system will reduce the charging current, limit the discharging current, implement an intermittent charging strategy, and notify the maintenance team to conduct an inspection.​ When S(t) low When the battery is in a dangerous state, the system immediately stops all charging and discharging operations, starts the emergency shutdown procedure, sends an emergency alarm, isolates the faulty battery, uploads relevant data in real time, and notifies maintenance personnel to check; after restoring and verifying that the battery status is normal, restart the normal charging and discharging operation.​ 6. The method for protecting the backup battery of a distribution network terminal based on a time relay as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The automatic switching of the backup battery to the intelligent charging mode includes detecting a power supply recovery signal, automatically switching the system to the main power supply, and simultaneously starting a charging preparation process for the backup battery; Through the health parameter monitoring system, the battery parameter data is detected in real time to determine the current health status and charging requirements of the battery; Intelligently adjust the charging current and voltage according to the current state of the battery, and set the initial charging current to the lowest value within the safe range; Use segmented charging strategy for charging control; During the entire charging process, the battery temperature is monitored in real time. If the temperature reaches the safety threshold T max , immediately reduce the charging current or suspend charging, and continue charging after the temperature drops back to a safe range; After charging is completed, the system automatically switches to trickle charging mode or stops charging and enters monitoring state, while recording all data during the charging process and uploading it to the data platform for analysis and storage.

7. The method for protecting the backup battery of a distribution network terminal based on a time relay as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The segmented charging strategy includes setting the initial charging current I init , which is the lowest value within the safety range; Set the upper limit threshold of charging voltage V max and the current stability threshold I stable ; When the battery voltage V(t) is less than the upper limit threshold of the charging voltage V max And the charging current I(t) is greater than the current stability threshold I stable When the system maintains a constant initial charging current I init , until the battery voltage approaches V max ; When the battery voltage reaches the upper charging voltage threshold V max When the system automatically switches to the constant voltage charging stage; Set the voltage stability value V in the constant voltage stage set and cut-off current threshold I cutoff , where V set <V max ; In the constant voltage charging stage, the charging voltage V(t) is kept stable at V set , while monitoring the charging current I(t); When the charging current I(t) decreases to I cutoff , the system determines that the battery is nearly fully charged.

8. A distribution network terminal backup battery protection system based on a time relay using the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Power supply switching and time control module: When the power outage of the distribution network line is detected, the time relay is started to control the backup battery to supply power, and the power supply is cut off in time after the terminal completes the action according to the preset time parameters; Health data monitoring module: real-time monitoring of the health parameters of the backup battery and pre-processing, calculating the real-time status data of the battery; Charge and discharge strategy optimization module: optimizes the charge and discharge strategy of the backup battery and adjusts the charge and discharge process according to the real-time status data of the battery; Intelligent charging management module: After power is restored, the backup battery is automatically switched to intelligent charging mode.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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