Photovoltaic cover plate and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic cover plate and a photovoltaic module, and the photovoltaic cover plate comprises a cover plate body; the bird repelling layer is arranged on one side of the cover plate body in the thickness direction, and the bird repelling layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of bird repelling agent microcapsules, 50-80 parts of matrix resin, 0.1-1 part of a defoaming agent, 0.1-1 part of a dispersing agent and 2-6 parts of a photoinitiator. According to the photovoltaic cover plate provided by the invention, the bird repelling layer is arranged on one side of the cover plate body in the thickness direction, so that the photovoltaic cover plate with a bird repelling function is formed. And the bird repellent microcapsules have a slow release effect on the bird repellent, so that the effect of effectively repelling birds for a long time is achieved. Therefore, birds can be effectively prevented from approaching the photovoltaic module, so that deposition of bird feces on the photovoltaic module is avoided, and the probability that the photovoltaic cover plate generates a hot spot effect is reduced. Therefore, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module can be ensured, and the service life of the photovoltaic module can be prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cells, and in particular to a photovoltaic cover plate and a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, birds may excrete feces when flying over photovoltaic modules or staying at the edge of photovoltaic modules, causing the surface of photovoltaic modules to be partially blocked. The blocked part of the battery not only cannot generate electricity but consumes electricity, thus generating hot spot effect, which may even burn the module in severe cases. The hot spot effect also seriously affects the life of the module. Therefore, a photovoltaic module with bird repellent function is needed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic cover plate with high light utilization rate and reliable bird repelling function.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a photovoltaic cover plate, comprising: a cover plate body; a bird repellent layer, wherein the bird repellent layer is arranged on one side of the thickness direction of the cover plate body, and the bird repellent layer comprises raw materials and their weight portions are as follows: 10 to 20 parts of bird repellent microcapsules, 50 to 80 parts of base resin, 0.1 to 1 part of defoaming agent, 0.1 to 1 part of dispersant and 2 to 6 parts of photoinitiator.

[0006] According to the photovoltaic cover plate of the present invention, a bird repellent layer is provided on one side of the cover plate body in the thickness direction, so as to form a photovoltaic cover plate with a bird repellent function. The bird repellent microcapsules have a slow release effect on the bird repellent, so as to achieve a long-term and effective bird repellent effect. In this way, birds can be effectively prevented from approaching the photovoltaic module, thereby avoiding the deposition of bird droppings on the photovoltaic module and reducing the probability of the photovoltaic cover plate generating a hot spot effect. In this way, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module can be guaranteed and the service life of the photovoltaic module can be extended.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, when the cover plate body is a light-transmitting body, the photovoltaic cover plate further comprises:

[0008] An anti-reflection layer is arranged between the bird-repelling layer and the cover plate body along the thickness direction of the cover plate body.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cover body is a glass piece.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the refractive index of the bird-repelling layer is a1, the refractive index of the anti-reflection layer is a2, and the refractive index of the glass is a3, wherein a1, a2, and a3 satisfy: a1≤a2≤a3.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a1 satisfies: 1.35≤a1≤1.45; and / or a2 satisfies: 1.4≤a2≤1.5.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a1 further satisfies: a1=1.35; and / or a2 further satisfies: a2=1.45.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the bird repellent layer is d1, wherein d1 satisfies: 50 μm≤d1≤100 μm.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the preparation method of the bird-repellent layer is to uniformly mix the raw materials of the bird-repellent layer and then apply the mixture on the one side of the cover body, and use ultraviolet light to reinforce the bird-repellent layer.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the matrix resin includes at least one of polyurethane, acrylate, epoxy resin, and silicone.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the preparation method of the bird repellent microcapsules includes the following steps: step one: mixing 3 to 8 parts by weight of monomers with 1 part by weight of an ester bird repellent to form an oil phase; step two: uniformly mixing 1 part by weight of an emulsifier with 15 to 18 parts by weight of water to form an aqueous phase; step three: adding the oil phase to the aqueous phase and stirring, and after the emulsification is completed, adding an initiator with a 1% molar ratio of the monomer, heating to 75°C and reacting for 4 hours, so that the monomer undergoes a polymerization reaction in water to form a polymer, and the polymer coats the bird repellent; step four: washing, centrifuging, and drying the bird repellent coating in step three to obtain bird repellent microcapsules, the particle size of the bird repellent microcapsules being 1 to 5 um.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the monomer includes at least one of styrene, methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, butyl acrylate and maleic anhydride.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ester bird repellent includes at least one of ethylene diene tridecanedioate, benzyl acetate and methyl anthranilate.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module, comprising: a cell layer; a front cover plate, the front cover plate being arranged on one side in the thickness direction of the cell layer; a back cover plate, the back cover plate being arranged on the other side in the thickness direction of the cell layer; at least one of the front cover plate and the back cover plate is the photovoltaic cover plate described in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the light conversion and anti-reflection layer of the photovoltaic cover is disposed on a side of the light-transmitting body of the photovoltaic cover away from the cell layer.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic cover according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Reference numerals:

[0026] 100: Photovoltaic cover;

[0027] 1: Bird repellent layer; 2: Anti-reflection layer; 3: Cover plate body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. Figure 1-Figure 2 A photovoltaic cover 100 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic cover plate 100 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention includes a cover plate body 3 and a bird repellent layer 1 .

[0030] The bird-repelling layer 1 is arranged on one side in the thickness direction of the cover plate body 3. With such arrangement, the photovoltaic cover plate 100 of the specific embodiment of the present invention has the performance of repelling birds.

[0031] Furthermore, the bird repellent layer 1 includes raw materials and their weight parts are as follows: 10-20 parts of bird repellent microcapsules, 50-80 parts of base resin, 0.1-1 parts of defoaming agent, 0.1-1 parts of dispersant and 2-6 parts of photoinitiator. In this way, the bird repellent will emit an odor that birds hate, thereby achieving the effect of repelling birds. Furthermore, by encapsulating the bird repellent in microcapsules, the bird repellent effect of the bird repellent can be slow-released, and the bird repellent effect can be exerted for a long time.

[0032] According to the photovoltaic cover plate 100 of a specific embodiment of the present invention, a photovoltaic cover plate 100 with a bird-repelling function is formed by setting a bird-repelling layer 1 on one side of the cover plate body 3 in the thickness direction. And the bird-repellent microcapsules have a slow release effect on the bird-repellent, achieving a long-term and effective bird-repelling effect. In this way, birds can be effectively prevented from approaching the photovoltaic module, thereby avoiding the deposition of bird feces on the photovoltaic module and reducing the probability of the photovoltaic cover plate 100 generating a hot spot effect. In this way, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module can be guaranteed and the service life of the photovoltaic module can be extended.

[0033] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photoinitiator includes at least one of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone, 2,4,6 (trimethylbenzoyl) diphenyl phosphine oxide, 1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl ketone, and 2-hydroxy-1-(4-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionylphenyl) benzyl)-2-methyl-1-propanone.

[0034] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the defoaming agent is a silicone defoaming agent.

[0035] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the dispersant is a polymer dispersant.

[0036] According to some embodiments of the present invention, when the cover body 3 is a light-transmitting body, Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic cover plate 100 further includes: an anti-reflection layer 2, which is arranged between the bird-repelling layer 1 and the cover plate body 3 along the thickness direction of the cover plate body 3. In this way, the light transmittance of the photovoltaic back plate can be improved through the refraction of light by the anti-reflection layer 2, thereby improving the working efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0037] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cover body 3 is a glass member. In this way, the cover body 3 has high light transmittance and strong mechanical properties, which is conducive to improving the optical performance and practicality of the photovoltaic module.

[0038] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the refractive index of the bird-repelling layer 1 is a1, the refractive index of the anti-reflection layer 2 is a2, and the refractive index of the glass is a3, wherein a1, a2, and a3 satisfy: a1≤a2≤a3. With such a configuration, when the light irradiated on the photovoltaic cover plate passes through the photovoltaic cover plate 100, it passes through the bird-repelling layer 1, the anti-reflection layer 2, and the glass in sequence, and when the light enters the bird-repelling layer 1, the anti-reflection layer 2, and the glass, the refractive index increases in sequence, which is beneficial to improving the transmittance of the light on the photovoltaic cover plate 100.

[0039] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the refractive index of the bird-repelling layer 1 is a1, wherein a1 satisfies: 1.35≤a1≤1.45. In this arrangement, if a1 is less than 1.35, the material requirements for the bird-repelling layer 1 are high, and it may be difficult to obtain a good bird-repelling effect. If a1 is greater than 1.45, the refractive index of the bird-repelling layer 1 is relatively large, which is not conducive to improving the light transmittance of the photovoltaic cover 100. By setting a1 to satisfy 1.35≤a1≤1.45, the bird-repelling layer 1 has good bird-repelling performance and can maintain a high light transmittance of the photovoltaic cover 100. Further, the refractive index of the bird-repelling layer 1 is between 1.35 and 1.45. If the bird-repelling layer 1 is directly coated on the photovoltaic cover 100, the anti-reflection design of the existing component is destroyed, resulting in a reduction in the light reaching the surface of the cell. In order to ensure that the light transmission effect is not significantly reduced relative to the existing component structure, the anti-reflection film can be omitted or the refraction of the anti-reflection film and the bird-repelling layer 1 can be adjusted.

[0040] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the refractive index of the anti-reflection layer 2 is a2, wherein a2 satisfies: 1.4≤a2≤1.5. In this arrangement, if a2 is less than 1.4, the refractive index of the anti-reflection layer 2 is relatively small, and the refractive power is relatively poor, which is not conducive to improving the light transmittance of the photovoltaic cover plate 100. If a2 is greater than 1.5, the refractive index of the anti-reflection layer 2 is relatively large, which is also not conducive to improving the light transmittance of the photovoltaic cover plate 100. By setting a2 to satisfy 1.4≤a2≤1.5, the refractive index of the anti-reflection layer 2 is appropriate, which is conducive to improving the light transmittance of the photovoltaic cover plate 100, thereby improving the power of the photovoltaic module.

[0041] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a1 further satisfies: a1 = 1.35. With such a configuration, the refractive index of the bird-repelling layer 1 is more suitable.

[0042] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a2 further satisfies: a2 = 1.45. With such a configuration, the refractive index of the anti-reflection layer 2 is more suitable.

[0043] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the bird-repellent layer 1 is d1, wherein d1 satisfies: 50μm≤d1≤100μm. In this arrangement, if d1 is less than 50μm, the thickness of the bird-repellent layer 1 is small, the amount of light-converting agent in the bird-repellent layer 1 is small, and the performance of the bird-repellent layer 1 may be poor. If d1 is greater than 100μm, the thickness of the bird-repellent layer 1 is large, and the total thickness of the photovoltaic cover 100 is large, which may affect the light transmission performance, so that the effective light irradiated to the battery layer 4 may be less, which may affect the efficiency of the battery. By setting so that d1 satisfies 50μm≤d1≤100μm, the thickness of the bird-repellent layer 1 is appropriate, the bird-repellent performance of the photovoltaic cover 100 is reliable, and the light transmittance is high.

[0044] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the preparation method of the bird-repellent layer 1 is to evenly mix the raw materials of the bird-repellent layer 1 and apply them on one side of the cover body 3, and use ultraviolet light to reinforce the bird-repellent layer 1. Such a setting can improve the connectivity between the bird-repellent layer 1 and the cover body 3, making the structure of the bird-repellent layer 1 more reliable, economical and environmentally friendly.

[0045] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the matrix resin includes at least one of polyurethane, acrylate, epoxy resin, and silicone. This arrangement ensures the light transmittance of the bird repellent layer 1 and the compatibility between the matrix resin and the bird repellent.

[0046] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a method for preparing bird repellent microcapsules includes the following steps: step one: mixing 3 to 8 parts by weight of a monomer with 1 part by weight of an ester bird repellent to form an oil phase; step two: uniformly mixing 1 part of an emulsifier with 15 to 18 parts of water to form an aqueous phase; step three: adding the oil phase to the aqueous phase and stirring, and after the emulsification is completed, adding an initiator with a 1% molar ratio of the monomer, heating to 75°C and reacting for 4 hours, so that the monomer undergoes a polymerization reaction in water to form a polymer, and the polymer coats the bird repellent; step four: washing, centrifuging, and drying the coated material of the bird repellent in step three to obtain bird repellent microcapsules, the particle size of the bird repellent microcapsules being 1 to 5 um.

[0047] According to the preparation method of the bird repellent microcapsules of a specific embodiment of the present invention, an oil phase and a water phase are first formed separately so that the monomer and the bird repellent are evenly mixed, and then an initiator is added to the water-oil mixed phase to achieve polymerization of the monomer and coating of the bird repellent by polymerization, thereby forming bird repellent microcapsules to achieve sustained release of the bird repellent.

[0048] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the monomer includes at least one of styrene, methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, butyl acrylate and maleic anhydride. In this way, the monomer can polymerize and coat the bird repellent and will not react with the bird repellent during the polymerization and coating process, thereby ensuring the efficacy of the bird repellent.

[0049] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ester bird repellent includes at least one of ethylene diene tridecanoate, benzyl acetate and methyl anthranilate. In this way, the bird repellent can emit an odor that birds do not like, has a bird repellent effect, and has a wide source.

[0050] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the initiator may be a peroxide or azo initiator, for example, potassium persulfate.

[0051] According to the second aspect of the present invention, the photovoltaic module comprises: a cell layer; a front cover plate, which is arranged on one side of the cell layer in the thickness direction; and a back cover plate, which is arranged on the other side of the cell layer in the thickness direction; at least one of the front cover plate and the back cover plate is the photovoltaic cover plate 100 according to the first aspect.

[0052] The photovoltaic assembly according to the present invention includes a photovoltaic cover plate 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the following three situations are included: first, the front cover plate is the photovoltaic cover plate 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention; second, the back cover plate is the photovoltaic cover plate 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention; third, both the front cover plate and the back cover plate are photovoltaic cover plates 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. When the front cover plate is the photovoltaic cover plate 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the cover plate body 3 is a light-transmitting body, which can ensure the effective amount of light irradiated to the battery layer 4 while having a bird-repelling function; when the back cover plate is the photovoltaic cover plate 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the bird-repelling performance of the photovoltaic cover plate 100 can be increased. As a result, the bird-repelling performance of the photovoltaic assembly is good, thereby ensuring that the photovoltaic assembly works effectively for a long time and reducing or even eliminating the safety hazards caused by the deposition of bird droppings.

[0053] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the bird repellent layer 1 is disposed on a side of the cover body 3 away from the battery layer. This arrangement is conducive to the release of the bird repellent in the bird repellent layer 1, thereby producing a bird repellent effect.

[0054] Specific exemplary embodiments

[0055] Example 1

[0056] A photovoltaic cover plate, comprising:

[0057] Cover plate body;

[0058] A bird repellent layer, which is arranged on one side of the cover body in the thickness direction, and includes raw materials and their weight parts are as follows: 10 parts of bird repellent microcapsules, 50 parts of base resin, 0.1 parts of defoaming agent, 0.1 parts of dispersant and 2 parts of photoinitiator;

[0059] The anti-reflection layer is arranged between the bird-repelling layer and the cover plate body along the thickness direction of the cover plate body.

[0060] The cover plate body is a glass piece.

[0061] The refractive index of the bird-repelling layer is a1, and a1 satisfies: a1=1.35; the refractive index of the anti-reflection layer is a2, and a2 satisfies: a2=1.4.

[0062] The thickness of the bird repellent layer is d1, wherein d1 satisfies: d1 = 50 μm.

[0063] The preparation method of the bird-repellent layer is as follows: the raw materials of the bird-repellent layer are uniformly mixed and then coated on the one side of the cover plate body, and the bird-repellent layer is reinforced by ultraviolet light.

[0064] The base resin is polyurethane.

[0065] The photoinitiator is 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone.

[0066] The defoaming agent is a silicone defoaming agent.

[0067] The dispersant is a polymer dispersant.

[0068] The preparation method of bird repellent microcapsules comprises the following steps:

[0069] Step 1: Mix 3 parts by weight of the monomer with 1 part by weight of the ester bird repellent to form an oil phase;

[0070] Step 2: uniformly mix 1 part by weight of an emulsifier with 15 parts by weight of water to form an aqueous phase;

[0071] Step 3: Add the oil phase to the water phase and stir. After emulsification is completed, add an initiator (potassium persulfate) with a molar ratio of 1% of the monomer, raise the temperature to 75°C and react for 4 hours so that the monomer undergoes polymerization in water to form a polymer, which will coat the bird repellent;

[0072] Step 4: Wash, centrifuge and dry the bird repellent coating in step 3 to obtain bird repellent microcapsules, wherein the particle size of the bird repellent microcapsules is 1 um.

[0073] The monomer is styrene.

[0074] The ester bird repellent is ethylene diene tridecanoate.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] A photovoltaic cover plate, comprising:

[0077] Cover plate body;

[0078] A bird repellent layer, which is arranged on one side of the cover body in the thickness direction, and includes raw materials and their weight parts are as follows: 20 parts of bird repellent microcapsules, 80 parts of base resin, 0.5 parts of defoaming agent, 0.5 parts of dispersant and 4 parts of photoinitiator;

[0079] The anti-reflection layer is arranged between the bird-repelling layer and the cover body along the thickness direction of the cover body.

[0080] The cover plate body is a glass piece.

[0081] The refractive index of the bird-repelling layer is a1, and a1 satisfies: a1=1.4; the refractive index of the anti-reflection layer is a2, and a2 satisfies: a2=1.45.

[0082] The thickness of the bird-repellent layer is d1, wherein d1 satisfies: d1 = 100 μm.

[0083] The preparation method of the bird-repellent layer is as follows: the raw materials of the bird-repellent layer are uniformly mixed and then coated on one side of the cover plate body, and the bird-repellent layer is reinforced by ultraviolet light.

[0084] The base resin is polyacrylate.

[0085] The photoinitiator is 2,4,6 (trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide.

[0086] The defoaming agent is a silicone defoaming agent.

[0087] The dispersant is a polymer dispersant.

[0088] The preparation method of bird repellent microcapsules comprises the following steps:

[0089] Step 1: Mix 8 parts by weight of the monomer with 1 part by weight of the ester bird repellent to form an oil phase;

[0090] Step 2: uniformly mix 1 part by weight of an emulsifier with 18 parts by weight of water to form an aqueous phase;

[0091] Step 3: Add the oil phase to the water phase and stir. After emulsification is completed, add an initiator (potassium persulfate) with a molar ratio of 1% of the monomer, raise the temperature to 75°C and react for 4 hours so that the monomer undergoes polymerization in water to form a polymer, which will coat the bird repellent;

[0092] Step 4: Wash, centrifuge and dry the bird repellent coating in step 3 to obtain bird repellent microcapsules, wherein the particle size of the bird repellent microcapsules is 5 um.

[0093] The monomer is methyl methacrylate.

[0094] The ester bird repellent is benzyl acetate.

[0095] Example 3

[0096] A photovoltaic cover plate, comprising:

[0097] Cover plate body;

[0098] A bird repellent layer, which is arranged on one side of the cover plate body in the thickness direction, and includes raw materials and their weight parts are as follows: 15 parts of bird repellent microcapsules, 65 parts of base resin, 1 part of defoamer, 1 part of dispersant and 6 parts of photoinitiator;

[0099] The anti-reflection layer is arranged between the bird-repelling layer and the cover body along the thickness direction of the cover body.

[0100] The cover plate body is a glass piece.

[0101] The refractive index of the bird-repelling layer is a1, and a1 satisfies: a1=1.35; the refractive index of the anti-reflection layer is a2, and a2 satisfies: a2=1.23.

[0102] The thickness of the bird repellent layer is d1, wherein d1 satisfies: d1 = 75 μm.

[0103] The preparation method of the bird-repellent layer is as follows: the raw materials of the bird-repellent layer are uniformly mixed and then coated on one side of the cover plate body, and the bird-repellent layer is reinforced by ultraviolet light.

[0104] The base resin is epoxy resin.

[0105] The photoinitiator is 1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl ketone.

[0106] The defoaming agent is a silicone defoaming agent.

[0107] The dispersant is a polymer dispersant.

[0108] The preparation method of bird repellent microcapsules comprises the following steps:

[0109] Step 1: Mix 5 parts by weight of the monomer with 1 part by weight of the ester bird repellent to form an oil phase;

[0110] Step 2: uniformly mix 1 part by weight of an emulsifier with 16 parts by weight of water to form an aqueous phase;

[0111] Step 3: Add the oil phase to the water phase and stir. After emulsification is completed, add an initiator (potassium persulfate) with a molar ratio of 1% of the monomer, raise the temperature to 75°C and react for 4 hours so that the monomer undergoes polymerization in water to form a polymer, which will coat the bird repellent;

[0112] Step 4: Wash, centrifuge and dry the bird repellent coating in step 3 to obtain bird repellent microcapsules, wherein the particle size of the bird repellent microcapsules is 3 um.

[0113] The monomer is methyl acrylate.

[0114] The ester bird repellent is methyl anthranilate.

[0115] Example 4

[0116] Example 4 is substantially the same as Example 2, except that the base resin comprises epoxy resin and silicone mixed in equal weight ratios;

[0117] The monomer includes a mixture of equal parts by weight of butyl acrylate and maleic anhydride;

[0118] The ester bird repellent comprises a mixture of equal weight parts of ethylene diene tridecanedioate, benzyl acetate and methyl anthranilate.

[0119] Example 5

[0120] Example 5 is substantially the same as Example 2, except that the anti-reflection layer is omitted.

[0121] Example 6

[0122] Comparative Example 6 is substantially the same as Example 2, except that the refractive index of the bird repellent layer is 1.5.

[0123] Comparative Example 1

[0124] Comparative Example 1 is substantially the same as Example 2, except that an equal weight of methyl anthranilate bird repellent is used to replace the bird repellent microcapsules.

[0125] Comparative Example 2

[0126] Comparative Example 2 is substantially the same as Example 2, except that the bird repellent layer is omitted.

[0127] Comparative Example 3

[0128] Comparative Example 3 is substantially the same as Example 2, except that the amount of bird repellent microcapsules is 5 parts.

[0129] Comparative Example 4

[0130] Comparative Example 4 is substantially the same as Example 2, except that 30 portions of bird repellent microcapsules are used.

[0131] Performance Test:

[0132] Photovoltaic panels of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were used to form photovoltaic modules. Three modules in each group were placed outdoors for three months. The number of bird droppings on the surface of the modules was recorded to evaluate the bird repellent effect. A total of more than 8 places was considered to have no effect, 3 to 7 places were considered to have a general effect, and less than 2 places were considered to have a good effect. The dissipation speed of the bird repellent was monitored by odor chromatography and infrared testing. The power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic modules was also tested.

[0133] Table 1. Performance test of photovoltaic modules

[0134] Bird repellent effect Odor dissipation speed Estimated effective bird repellent time Average power generation Example 1 good 0.7% / month 10-12 years 420W Example 2 good 0.6% / month 10-12 years 419.5W Example 3 good 0.4% / month 10-12 years 416.8W Example 4 good 0.6% / month 10-12 years 419.8W Example 5 good 0.6% / month 10-12 years 419W Example 6 good 0.6% / month 10-12 years 417.4W Comparative Example 1 good August 1-2 years 419.2W Comparative Example 2 none / / 420.3W Comparative Example 3 generally 0.8% / month 5-8 years 419W Comparative Example 4 good 0.4% / month 12-14 years 419.4W

[0135] Combining the test results of the embodiments, comparative examples and Table 1, it can be seen that the bird repellents of the photovoltaic modules of Examples 1-6 have obvious effects, the odor dissipates slowly, and the effective bird repellent time is long. Examples 3 and 6 have basically no anti-reflection effect, and the module power is slightly low. It has reliable bird repellent performance and excellent photoelectric performance. Comparative Example 1 has obvious bird repellent effect, but its odor dissipates quickly, and the effective time is expected to be short; Comparative Example 3 has a general bird repellent effect due to the low content of bird repellent, but the odor dissipation speed is significantly slowed down; Comparative Example 4 increases the amount of bird repellent microcapsules added, the bird repellent effect is obvious and the effective time is expected to be extended, but it may be unfavorable for the dispersion of bird repellent microcapsules and the cost is slightly higher.

[0136] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0137] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic cover plate, characterized in that: include: Cover plate body; A bird repellent layer is arranged on one side of the cover body in the thickness direction, and comprises raw materials and their weight portions are as follows: 10 to 20 parts of bird repellent microcapsules, 50 to 80 parts of base resin, 0.1 to 1 part of defoaming agent, 0.1 to 1 part of dispersant and 2 to 6 parts of photoinitiator.

2. The photovoltaic cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the cover plate body is a light-transmitting body, the photovoltaic cover plate further comprises: An anti-reflection layer is arranged between the bird-repelling layer and the cover plate body along the thickness direction of the cover plate body.

3. The photovoltaic cover plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cover plate body is a glass piece.

4. The photovoltaic cover plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The refractive index of the bird-repelling layer is a1, the refractive index of the anti-reflection layer is a2, and the refractive index of the glass is a3, wherein a1, a2, and a3 satisfy: a1≤a2≤a3.

5. The photovoltaic cover plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: a1 satisfies: 1.35≤a1≤1.45; and / or The a2 satisfies: 1.4≤a2≤1.

5.

6. The photovoltaic cover plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The a1 further satisfies: a1=1.35; and / or The a2 further satisfies: a2=1.

45.

7. The photovoltaic cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the bird-repellent layer is d1, wherein d1 satisfies: 50 μm≤d1≤100 μm.

8. The photovoltaic cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the bird-repellent layer is to uniformly mix the raw materials of the bird-repellent layer and then coat them on the one side of the cover plate body, and use ultraviolet light to reinforce the bird-repellent layer.

9. The photovoltaic cover plate according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The matrix resin includes at least one of polyurethane, acrylate, epoxy resin, and silicone.

10. The photovoltaic cover plate according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The preparation method of the bird repellent microcapsule comprises the following steps: Step 1: Mix 3 to 8 parts by weight of monomers with 1 part by weight of an ester bird repellent to form an oil phase; Step 2: uniformly mix 1 part by weight of an emulsifier with 15 to 18 parts by weight of water to form an aqueous phase; Step 3: adding the oil phase to the water phase and stirring, after emulsification is completed, adding an initiator with a molar ratio of 1% of the monomer, heating to 75° C. and reacting for 4 hours, so that the monomer undergoes polymerization reaction in water to form a polymer, and the polymer coats the bird repellent; Step 4: Wash, centrifuge and dry the bird repellent coating in step 3 to obtain bird repellent microcapsules, wherein the particle size of the bird repellent microcapsules is 1 to 5 μm.

11. The photovoltaic cover plate according to claim 10, characterized in that: The monomer includes at least one of styrene, methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, butyl acrylate and maleic anhydride.

12. The photovoltaic cover plate according to claim 10, characterized in that: The ester bird repellent comprises at least one of ethylene diene tridecanoate, benzyl acetate and methyl anthranilate.

13. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: Battery layer; A front cover plate, the front cover plate being arranged on one side in the thickness direction of the battery sheet layer; A back cover plate, the back cover plate being arranged on the other side of the battery sheet layer in the thickness direction; At least one of the front cover plate and the back cover plate is a photovoltaic cover plate according to any one of claims 1-12.

14. The photovoltaic module according to claim 13, characterized in that: The bird-repelling layer is arranged on a side of the cover body away from the battery sheet layer.

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