Multi-material combined deep hole machining method, positioning block, cutter and part

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a multi-material combined deep hole machining method, a positioning block, a cutter and a part. Through rough machining of the bottom hole in the single-piece state, the difficulty of direct machining after multiple materials are combined is effectively reduced, the machining efficiency is improved, and the precision of the hole diameter is guaranteed. The roughly machined bottom holes of all the assembly parts are aligned and positioned, the deep holes to be machined are machined through a reaming milling cutter, and reamed holes are obtained; the axis deviation of the hole can be corrected, and an accurate reference is provided for subsequent machining. A reamer is used for machining a reamed hole, and a reamed hole milling cutter in a rear guiding mode is used for machining; deflection and vibration in the machining process are effectively restrained in the process, and the quality of machined holes is guaranteed. And the pre-machined deep hole is machined through a front guiding type reamer, so that the hole diameter of the pre-machined deep hole is enlarged to the target hole diameter, and machining of the multi-material combined deep hole is completed. The problems that in the prior art, machining precision is poor and efficiency is low in deep hole machining of various material combinations are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, in particular to a multi-material combined deep hole processing method, a positioning block, a tool and parts. Background Art

[0002] Deep hole processing refers to the processing of holes whose length to diameter ratio is greater than a certain value (usually 5 to 10, and in most cases the depth-to-diameter ratio L / d ≥ 100). Its characteristics include small tool diameter, large length, poor rigidity, low strength, and easy vibration, ripples, taper, etc. during cutting, which will affect the straightness and surface roughness of the deep hole. Deep hole processing has a wide range of applications in many industries, such as the automotive industry, military aviation field, hydraulics, coal machinery, industrial and mining machinery industry, mold industry, and petroleum and mining machinery industry. Many key components in these industries require deep hole processing to meet their specific functional and performance requirements. There are many methods for deep hole processing, such as long drilling deep hole processing, tool rotary cutting deep hole processing, rod material straight insertion deep hole processing, feed rolling deep hole processing and through cutting deep hole processing, etc. There are also other processing methods such as surface spraying deep hole processing, rectangular tool deep hole processing, extrusion deep hole processing, freezing deep hole processing, etc., which are suitable for specific types of workpieces and processing requirements. Long drilling deep hole processing is the use of long drill rods with carbide blades for processing; tool rotary cutting deep hole processing is the use of reamer or turning tool for processing, by rotating the material gradually out of the middle of the workpiece to form a deep hole; rod material straight insertion deep hole processing is a processing method by rotating the workpiece and tool to gradually remove the material from the middle of the workpiece; feed rolling deep hole processing is to gradually roll the tool into the workpiece, by rotating and feeding to form a deep hole, with higher cutting speed and less cutting force; through cutting deep hole processing is to process deep holes by rotation and feed, with higher cutting speed and less cutting force; but no matter which processing method is used, due to the small diameter and large length of the tool in deep hole processing, it is easy to produce deflection and vibration during the processing, and the processing accuracy is poor.

[0003] The Chinese invention with publication number CN118417594A discloses a deep hole processing method, which relates to the field of deep hole processing technology. The method comprises splitting the blank to be processed into several sections of blank monomers along the hole depth direction of the deep hole to be processed; then performing deep hole processing on the blank monomers, and finally assembling the processed blank monomers section by section to form a complete part that completes the processing of the deep hole to be processed. Although the above-mentioned deep hole processing method simplifies deep hole processing into section by section processing of blank monomers through segment processing and assembly technology, which can effectively avoid deflection and vibration caused by too long a processing path, for the workpiece to be processed with relatively high processing accuracy and relatively many parts assembly, this processing method is time-consuming, inefficient and costly.

[0004] For example, in the field of aero-engines, a rotor part uses 24 precision bolts to connect 9 components, with a small clearance. The design requires that the connection holes of the remaining parts except the last-level parts be processed in combination. The combined processing hole has a large depth of 94mm, a hole diameter of Φ9.2, and an aspect ratio of >10. The hole passes through 8 parts and belongs to a laminated hole structure. The materials of each part are different, including FGH4097, GH4698 and TC25, which are difficult to process. The hole diameter tolerance requirements are strict, and the one-time deep hole processing is difficult. The tool is slender and has poor rigidity. It is easy to deflect and vibrate during work. If the parts are processed one by one to the required deep hole accuracy, it will take a long time and be inefficient. In addition, assembly errors are easy to occur after processing, and the required accuracy of the part cannot be met. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems of poor processing accuracy and low efficiency in the prior art of deep hole processing of multiple materials combination, the present invention provides a deep hole processing method of multiple materials combination, a positioning block and parts.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A multi-material combined deep hole processing method, comprising: The bottom holes of the assembled parts are rough-machined in a single-piece state; the bottom hole diameter after rough machining is smaller than the target hole diameter; Align and position the bottom holes of each assembly part after rough machining to form the deep holes to be machined; The deep hole to be processed is processed to obtain an expanded hole; the expanded hole diameter is larger than the diameter of the deep hole to be processed and smaller than the target hole diameter; the expanded hole depth is smaller than the target hole depth; Processing the expanded hole to obtain a guide hole; the guide hole diameter is larger than the expanded hole diameter and smaller than the target hole diameter; the guide hole diameter is smaller than the target hole depth; Processing the guide hole to obtain a pre-processed deep hole; wherein the depth of the pre-processed deep hole is equal to the target hole depth; The pre-processed deep hole is processed to expand the diameter of the pre-processed deep hole to the target diameter, and the deep hole processing of various materials is completed.

[0007] Optionally, the bottom hole after rough machining satisfies: D1=D-(0.5-0.9 mm), wherein D is the target hole diameter and D1 is the bottom hole diameter after rough machining.

[0008] Optionally, the bottom hole after rough machining satisfies: D1=D-0.7mm.

[0009] Optionally, the hole expansion satisfies: D2=D-(0.2~0.4mm), L1=L / 4~L / 2, wherein D2 is the hole expansion diameter, L is the target hole depth, and L1 is the hole expansion depth.

[0010] Optionally, the hole expansion satisfies: D2=D-0.3mm, L1=L / 3.

[0011] Optionally, all tools used in the machining process adopt a lower chip removal structure.

[0012] A positioning block used in the above-mentioned method for deep hole processing of a combination of multiple materials, the positioning block comprising a plurality of positioning segments and a plurality of positioning pins, each positioning segment being processed with a positioning hole, the position of each positioning hole corresponding to a deep hole to be processed; when deep hole processing is performed, the positioning pin passes through the deep hole to be processed except the one to be processed and extends to the positioning hole corresponding to the deep hole to be processed.

[0013] Optionally, the aperture of the positioning hole is equal to the aperture of the bottom hole after rough machining.

[0014] A tool for the above-mentioned multi-material combined deep hole processing method, the tool is a rear-guided reaming milling cutter, including an interconnected reaming section and a guiding section, the diameter of the reaming section is equal to the reaming hole diameter, and the diameter of the guiding section is equal to the guide hole diameter.

[0015] The present invention provides a component composed of multiple materials, and the deep hole on the component composed of multiple materials is processed by the above method.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention discloses a method for processing a deep hole of a combination of multiple materials. First, the method performs rough processing on the bottom hole of each assembly part in a single-piece state; the bottom hole diameter after rough processing is smaller than the target hole diameter; the rough hole processing does not require high precision of the processing hole, which can effectively reduce the difficulty of direct processing after the combination of multiple materials, improve the processing efficiency, and leave a working margin for subsequent fine processing, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the final hole diameter. Then, the bottom holes of each assembly part after rough processing are aligned and positioned to form a deep hole to be processed, and the deep hole to be processed is processed to obtain a hole expansion; the hole expansion processing can correct the axis deviation of the hole, so that the axis of the hole is closer to the ideal state, and provide an accurate reference for subsequent processing, so that the hole expansion aperture is larger than the hole diameter of the deep hole to be processed and smaller than the target aperture, and the hole expansion depth is smaller than the target hole depth; the hole expansion processing makes the aperture gradually approach the target aperture, while reducing the subsequent processing error, the hole expansion processing can reduce the chip force and cutting heat, provide better processing conditions for subsequent processing, and further improve the processing efficiency and quality. The expanded hole is processed to obtain a guide hole, and the guide hole is processed to obtain a pre-processed deep hole; the parts processed in this process gradually approach the standard of the target hole, effectively suppressing the deflection and vibration during the processing and ensuring the quality of the processed hole; finally, the pre-processed deep hole is processed to expand the pre-processed deep hole diameter to the target hole diameter, completing the deep hole processing of a variety of materials combination; during the processing, the rear-guided expanded hole milling cutter and the front-guided reamer can be used successively to ensure the stability and accuracy of the processing, especially the guidance in deep hole processing, to avoid tool deflection and vibration due to the long processing path, and to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of the final deep hole processing.

[0017] The bottom hole after rough machining satisfies: D1=D-(0.5~0.9mm), where D is the target hole diameter and D1 is the bottom hole diameter of rough machining. Preferably, D1=D-0.7mm is set aside for sufficient working margin for subsequent machining, allowing a more efficient machining strategy to be adopted in subsequent steps. At the same time, the number of tool changes can be reduced, the machining procedure can be simplified, and it helps to ensure that the surface quality of the final machined hole diameter is good and meets the design requirements.

[0018] The hole expansion meets the following conditions: D2=D-(0.2~0.4mm), L1=L / 4~L / 2, wherein D2 is the hole expansion diameter, L is the target hole depth, and L1 is the hole expansion depth. Preferably, the hole expansion meets the following conditions: D2=D-0.3mm, L1=L / 3. By reasonably setting the hole expansion depth L1, the time for hole expansion and subsequent finishing can be balanced to avoid a certain step taking too long and resulting in a decrease in overall processing efficiency. The appropriate gap between the hole expansion diameter D2 and the target hole diameter D makes the amount of material that needs to be removed during the hole expansion process relatively small, thereby reducing the cutting force and cutting heat, helping to improve processing efficiency and reduce the risk of tool wear and breakage, and extending the tool life.

[0019] All tools used in the machining process adopt a lower chip removal structure, which mainly refers to a special structure used to discharge the chips generated by cutting from the hole during deep hole machining. This structure is usually designed in the drill rod part of the tool to ensure that the chips can be smoothly discharged from the bottom of the hole to the outside of the hole, avoiding blockage and affecting the machining efficiency, and solving the chip removal problem caused by the long path.

[0020] The present invention provides a positioning block for the above-mentioned method of processing deep holes of a combination of multiple materials, wherein the positioning block comprises a plurality of positioning segments and a plurality of positioning pins, each positioning segment is processed with a positioning hole, and the position of the positioning hole corresponds to a deep hole to be processed; when processing deep holes, the positioning pin passes through the deep hole to be processed except for the one to be processed and extends to the positioning hole corresponding to the deep hole to be processed. Through the design of the positioning segments and the positioning pins, the precise positioning of the parts of the combination of multiple materials is achieved, and the accuracy and consistency of deep hole processing are guaranteed.

[0021] The aperture of the positioning hole is equal to the aperture of the bottom hole after rough machining, which ensures the close fit between the positioning pin and the positioning hole and further improves the positioning accuracy.

[0022] The present invention also provides a tool for the above-mentioned multi-material combined deep hole processing method, which is a rear-guided hole reaming milling cutter, including a hole reaming section and a guide section connected to each other, the diameter of the hole reaming section is equal to the hole diameter of the reaming hole, and the diameter of the guide section is equal to the guide hole diameter. The tool not only meets the needs of hole reaming, but also ensures the guidance during the processing, and improves the processing accuracy and efficiency.

[0023] The present invention provides a multi-material composite part, and the deep holes on the multi-material composite part are processed by the above method. The deep holes have high precision and good surface quality, meet the high requirements of complex parts in the field of aeroengines for deep hole processing, and lay a good foundation for the development of the field of aeroengines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a multi-material combined deep hole processing method of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a hole processing method for processing deep holes using a combination of multiple materials.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning section in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the positioning section in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the rear-guided hole reaming milling cutter.

[0029] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the front-guided reamer Among them, 1-positioning section, 2-positioning hole, 3-positioning pin, 4-hole expansion section, 5-guiding section, 6-positioning block, 7-front guided reamer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0032] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, which are intended to explain the present invention rather than to limit it.

[0033] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for processing a deep hole with a combination of multiple materials, comprising: S1: Rough machining of bottom holes is performed on each assembled part in a single-piece state; the bottom hole diameter after rough machining is smaller than the target hole diameter; rough hole machining does not require high precision of the machining hole, which can effectively reduce the difficulty of direct machining after combining multiple materials, improve machining efficiency, and leave a working margin for subsequent fine machining, ensuring the accuracy of the final hole diameter.

[0034] S2: Align and position the bottom holes of each assembly part after rough machining to form a deep hole to be machined; S3: Processing the deep hole to be processed to obtain an expanded hole; using an expanded hole milling cutter to process the deep hole to be processed, the expanded hole diameter is larger than the deep hole diameter to be processed and smaller than the target hole diameter, and the expanded hole depth is smaller than the target hole depth; the expanded hole processing can correct the axis deviation of the hole, so that the axis of the hole is closer to the ideal state, providing an accurate reference for subsequent processing, so that the expanded hole diameter is larger than the deep hole diameter to be processed and smaller than the target hole diameter, and the expanded hole depth is smaller than the target hole depth; through the expanded hole processing, the hole diameter is gradually approached to the target hole diameter, while reducing the subsequent processing error, the expanded hole processing can reduce the chip force and cutting heat, provide better processing conditions for subsequent processing, and further improve the processing efficiency and quality; S4: processing the reaming hole to obtain a guide hole; using a reamer to process the reaming hole, wherein the guide hole diameter is larger than the reaming hole diameter and smaller than the target hole diameter, and the guide hole depth is smaller than the target hole depth; S5: Processing the guide hole to obtain a pre-processed deep hole; using a rear-guided reaming milling cutter, wherein the depth of the pre-processed deep hole is equal to the target hole depth, the front end diameter of the reaming milling cutter is equal to the reaming hole diameter, and the rear end diameter of the reaming milling cutter is equal to the guide hole diameter; the processed parts in this process gradually approach the standard of the target hole, effectively suppressing the deflection and vibration during the processing process, and ensuring the quality of the processed hole; S6: Process the pre-processed deep hole to expand the pre-processed deep hole diameter to the target diameter, and complete the deep hole processing of multiple materials. The pre-processed deep hole is processed by using a front-guided reamer. The use of the front-guided reamer increases the guidance and stability of the processing process, improves the processing stability and the accuracy of the processed hole.

[0035] Example 1 See also Figure 1 Hehe Figure 2 , a rotor part uses 24 precision bolts to connect 9 components. The design requires that the connection holes of the remaining parts except the last level part should be processed in combination; S1: Rough machining of bottom holes of each assembled part in a single-piece state; the bottom hole after rough machining satisfies: D1=D-, where D is the target hole diameter and D1 is the bottom hole diameter after rough machining; S2: Align and position the bottom holes of each assembly part after rough machining to form a deep hole to be machined; S3: Use a hole expansion milling cutter to process the deep hole to obtain an expanded hole; the expanded hole satisfies: D2=D-, L1=L / 4~L / 2, wherein D2 is the expanded hole diameter, L is the target hole depth, and L1 is the expanded hole depth.

[0036] S4: using a reamer to process the expanded hole to obtain a guide hole; the guide hole satisfies: D2<D3<D, L2=L1, where D3 is the guide hole diameter, and L2 is the guide hole depth; S5: The guide hole is processed by a rear-guided reaming milling cutter to obtain a pre-processed deep hole; the depth of the pre-processed deep hole is equal to the target hole depth, the front end diameter of the reaming milling cutter is equal to the reaming hole diameter, and the rear end diameter of the reaming milling cutter is equal to the guide hole diameter; S6: Use a front-guided reamer to process the pre-processed deep hole, expand the pre-processed deep hole diameter to the target hole diameter, and complete the deep hole processing of multiple materials combination.

[0037] After controlling the above processing method, the success rate of deep hole processing of the rotor parts has increased by 45% to 50% compared with the existing processing method; the efficiency has been increased to nearly 1 times.

[0038] Example 2 See also Figure 1 Hehe Figure 2 , a rotor part uses 24 precision bolts to connect 9 components. The design requires that the connection holes of the remaining parts except the last level part should be processed in combination; S1: Rough machining of bottom holes of each assembled part in a single-piece state; the bottom hole after rough machining satisfies: D1=D-0.7mm, where D is the target hole diameter and D1 is the bottom hole diameter after rough machining; S2: Align and position the bottom holes of each assembly part after rough machining to form a deep hole to be machined; when aligning and positioning the bottom holes of each assembly part after rough machining, use the following method: Figure 3 and Figure 4 Each positioning segment 1 in the positioning block 6 shown is positioned. Since the part to be processed is a thin-walled circular ring structure, the positioning segment 1 is an arc-shaped mechanism and is designed as 4 arc-shaped positioning segments 1. Six positioning holes are set on each positioning segment 1. Before combined processing, the positioning segment 1 is prefabricated in the last-level part cavity, and 2 positioning pins are installed in the positioning hole 2 on each positioning segment 1. A total of 8 positioning pins 3 are used. Preferably, the positioning pin 3 can be a screw rod to facilitate later compression and positioning. The remaining components to be assembled are passed through the positioning pins in sequence to complete the positioning. The subsequent processing can adjust the positioning position of the positioning pin according to the processing position until all the deep holes to be processed are completed.

[0039] S3: Use a hole reaming milling cutter to process the deep hole to obtain an expanded hole; the expanded hole satisfies: D2=D-0.3mm, L1=L / 3, wherein D2 is the expanded hole diameter, L is the target hole depth, and L1 is the expanded hole depth.

[0040] S4: using a reamer to process the expanded hole to obtain a guide hole; the guide hole satisfies: D3=D-0.15mm, L2=L1, where D3 is the guide hole diameter, and L2 is the guide hole depth; S5: The guide hole is processed by a rear-guided reaming milling cutter to obtain a pre-processed deep hole; the depth of the pre-processed deep hole is equal to the target hole depth, the front end diameter of the reaming milling cutter is equal to the reaming hole diameter, and the rear end diameter of the reaming milling cutter is equal to the guide hole diameter; see Figure 5 The rear-guided reaming milling cutter structure diagram includes a reaming section 4 at the front end and a guiding section 5 at the rear end. The diameter of the reaming section 4 is equal to the reaming hole diameter, and the diameter of the guiding section 5 is equal to the guiding hole diameter. The reaming section 4 at the front end and the guiding section 5 at the rear end are integrally connected, and the diameter gradually transitions from the reaming hole diameter to the guiding hole diameter. The length of the transition section is L / 6. S6: Use the front-guided reamer to process the pre-processed deep hole, expand the pre-processed deep hole diameter to the target hole diameter, and complete the deep hole processing of multiple materials. Figure 6 The front end of the front guide reamer 7 has a diameter equal to the guide hole diameter, which gradually transitions to the target hole diameter, and the transition section is L / 6; After controlling the above processing method, the deep hole processing success rate of the rotor parts increased by 56% compared with the existing processing method; the efficiency was increased to nearly 1 times In addition, all tools used in the processing process adopt a lower chip removal structure. The lower chip removal structure mainly refers to a special structure used by the tool to discharge the chips generated by cutting from the hole during deep hole processing. This structure is usually designed in the drill rod part of the tool to ensure that the chips can be smoothly discharged from the bottom of the hole to the outside of the hole, avoiding blockage and affecting the processing efficiency, and solving the chip removal problem caused by the long path.

[0041] See also Figure 3 Figure 4 , a positioning block used in the above-mentioned method for deep hole processing of a combination of multiple materials, the positioning block includes a plurality of positioning segments 1 and a plurality of positioning pins 3, each positioning segment 1 is processed with a positioning hole 2, and the position of the positioning hole 2 corresponds to a deep hole to be processed; when deep hole processing is performed, the positioning pin 3 passes through the deep hole to be processed except for the deep hole to be processed and extends to the positioning hole 2 corresponding to the deep hole to be processed. Through the design of the positioning segments and the positioning pins, the precise positioning of the parts composed of multiple materials is achieved, and the accuracy and consistency of deep hole processing are guaranteed. Optionally, the aperture of the positioning hole 2 is equal to the aperture of the bottom hole after rough processing, ensuring the close fit between the positioning pin and the positioning hole, further improving the positioning accuracy.

[0042] See also Figure 5 A tool for the above-mentioned multi-material combined deep hole processing method is a rear-guided reaming milling cutter, comprising a reaming section 4 and a guide section 5 connected to each other, the diameter of the reaming section 4 is equal to the reaming hole diameter, and the diameter of the guide section 5 is equal to the guide hole diameter. The tool not only meets the requirements of reaming, but also ensures the guidance during the processing, and improves the processing accuracy and efficiency.

[0043] The present invention provides a multi-material composite part, and the deep holes on the multi-material composite part are processed by the above method. The deep holes have high precision and good surface quality, meet the high requirements of complex parts in the field of aeroengines for deep hole processing, and lay a good foundation for the development of the field of aeroengines.

[0044] In summary, the present invention provides a method, positioning block, tool and parts for deep hole processing of a combination of multiple materials. By rough processing the bottom holes of each assembled part in a single-piece state; making the bottom hole diameter after rough processing smaller than the target hole diameter; the difficulty of direct processing after the combination of multiple materials is effectively reduced, the processing efficiency is improved, and at the same time, a working margin is reserved for subsequent fine processing, ensuring the accuracy of the final hole diameter. Then, the bottom holes of each assembled part after rough processing are aligned and positioned to form a deep hole to be processed, and the deep hole to be processed is processed with a hole expansion milling cutter to obtain an expanded hole; the hole expansion processing can correct the axis deviation of the hole, so that the axis of the hole is closer to the ideal state, providing an accurate reference for subsequent processing, and further improving processing efficiency and quality. A reamer is used to process the expanded hole to obtain a guide hole, and a rear-guided expanded hole milling cutter is used to process the guide hole to obtain a pre-processed deep hole; the processed parts gradually approach the standard of the target hole, effectively suppressing the deflection and vibration during the processing process and ensuring the quality of the processed hole; finally, a front-guided reamer is used to process the pre-processed deep hole, so that the pre-processed deep hole diameter is expanded to the target diameter, and the deep hole processing of multiple materials is completed; the stability and accuracy of the processing process are ensured, especially the guidance in the deep hole processing, and the accuracy and efficiency of the final deep hole processing are guaranteed. The method is simple and easy to operate, and provides a reliable and practical processing direction and improvement direction for this type of deep hole processing of multiple materials.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to impose any limitation on the technical solution of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that, without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention, the technical solution can also be subjected to several simple modifications and substitutions, and these modifications and substitutions are also within the scope of protection covered by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for processing deep holes with a combination of multiple materials, characterized in that: include: The bottom holes of the assembled parts are rough-machined in a single-piece state; the bottom hole diameter after rough machining is smaller than the target hole diameter; Align and position the bottom holes of each assembly part after rough machining to form the deep holes to be machined; The deep hole to be processed is processed to obtain an expanded hole; the expanded hole diameter is larger than the diameter of the deep hole to be processed and smaller than the target hole diameter; the expanded hole depth is smaller than the target hole depth; Processing the expanded hole to obtain a guide hole; the guide hole diameter is larger than the expanded hole diameter and smaller than the target hole diameter; the guide hole diameter is smaller than the target hole depth; Processing the guide hole to obtain a pre-processed deep hole; wherein the depth of the pre-processed deep hole is equal to the target hole depth; The pre-processed deep hole is processed to expand the diameter of the pre-processed deep hole to the target diameter, and the deep hole processing of various materials is completed.

2. The multi-material combination deep hole processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom hole after rough machining satisfies: D1=D-(0.5~0.9mm), where D is the target hole diameter and D1 is the bottom hole diameter after rough machining.

3. The multi-material combination deep hole processing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom hole after rough machining satisfies: D1=D-0.7mm.

4. The multi-material combination deep hole processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hole expansion satisfies: D2=D-(0.2~0.4mm), L1=L / 4~L / 2, wherein D2 is the hole expansion diameter, L is the target hole depth, and L1 is the hole expansion depth.

5. The multi-material combination deep hole processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hole expansion satisfies: D2=D-0.3mm, L1=L / 3.

6. The multi-material combination deep hole processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: All tools used in the machining process adopt the lower chip removal structure.

7. A positioning block used in the multi-material combination deep hole processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The positioning block comprises a plurality of positioning segments (1) and a plurality of positioning pins (3), each positioning segment (1) being processed with a positioning hole (2), the position of each positioning hole (2) corresponding to a deep hole to be processed; when deep hole processing is performed, the positioning pin (3) passes through the deep hole to be processed except the one to be processed and extends to the positioning hole (2) corresponding to the deep hole to be processed.

8. The positioning block for deep hole processing of multiple materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The aperture of the positioning hole (2) is equal to the aperture of the bottom hole after rough machining.

9. A tool for the multi-material combination deep hole machining method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The tool is a rear-guided reaming milling cutter, comprising a reaming section (4) and a guiding section (5) connected to each other, the diameter of the reaming section (4) being equal to the reaming hole diameter, and the diameter of the guiding section (5) being equal to the guiding hole diameter.

10. A component made of multiple materials, characterized in that: The deep holes on the parts composed of multiple materials are processed by the method described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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