Positioning and fixing device for machining

Abstract

The invention discloses a machining positioning and fixing device which comprises a compensation fixing mechanism, a baffle and a to-be-machined raw material, the compensation fixing mechanism comprises a machining table plate, a middle shaft sliding groove is formed in the middle of the top end of the machining table plate in a penetrating mode, and a sliding block is slidably connected into the middle shaft sliding groove; an extrusion plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the sliding block, a connector is fixedly connected to one end of the extrusion plate, electric hydraulic push rods are rotatably installed at the ends, away from the connector, of the two sides of the extrusion plate, and an extrusion replacement head is fixedly installed on the outer side of the connector; a connecting groove is formed in the middle of the end, close to the extrusion plate, of the extrusion replacement head. By means of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, the pressure conditions borne by raw materials to be machined in multiple directions in the machining process can be monitored in real time, and when the raw materials are uneven in stress due to external force, and the pressure on one side changes, the PLC can make a response rapidly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mechanical processing, in particular to a mechanical processing positioning and fixing device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical processing, accurate positioning and firm fixation of the raw materials to be processed are the key links to ensure the processing quality and precision. However, there are many shortcomings in the traditional mechanical processing positioning and fixing devices. In terms of fixation, most of the traditional clamping methods adopt a single mechanical structure, such as manual clamping fixtures or simple pneumatic and hydraulic clamping devices. However, these clamping methods have the problem of inaccurate control of the clamping force, which may lead to deformation of the raw materials due to excessive clamping force, or loosening of the raw materials during processing due to insufficient clamping force. Secondly, for raw materials of different sizes, the adaptability of traditional clamping devices is poor, and it is often necessary to equip them with clamps of various specifications, which increases the equipment cost and the time cost of replacing the clamps. Furthermore, during the processing, when the raw materials are subjected to external forces and uneven force occurs, the traditional devices lack an effective automatic adjustment mechanism and cannot maintain the stable and fixed state of the raw materials in time, which may easily lead to processing interruptions or scrap. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a mechanical processing positioning and fixing device to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a mechanical processing positioning and fixing device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A mechanical processing positioning and fixing device, comprising a compensation fixing mechanism, a baffle and a raw material to be processed, wherein the compensation fixing mechanism comprises a processing table, a central axis slide groove is provided through the middle of the top of the processing table, a sliding block is slidably connected inside the central axis slide groove, an extrusion plate is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding block, a connecting head is fixedly connected to one end of the extrusion plate, and electric hydraulic push rods are rotatably installed on both sides of the extrusion plate at one end away from the connecting head, an extrusion replacement head is fixedly installed on the outside of the connecting head, a connecting groove is provided in the middle of one end of the extrusion replacement head close to the extrusion plate, a first pressure sensor is fixedly installed on one end of the extrusion replacement head close to the connecting head, side support blocks are rotatably connected to one end of the extrusion replacement head close to the first pressure sensor, an obstacle avoidance groove is provided on one side of the side support block close to the extrusion replacement head, and the height of the obstacle avoidance groove is greater than the maximum diameter of the electric hydraulic push rod, a rotating connector is fixedly installed on one end of the side support block close to the extrusion plate, and a second pressure sensor is fixedly installed on one end of the rotating connector away from the side support block.

[0005] Preferably, a plug-in fixing plate is fixedly connected to the middle part of one end of the processing table, and the top of the plug-in fixing plate is threadedly connected to a first fixing bolt, and limiting sliding grooves are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom end of the processing table, and the end of the processing table away from the plug-in fixing plate is fixedly connected to a pull rod, and a positioning plate is fixedly installed at the middle part of the top end of the processing table close to one end of the pull rod, and a positioning groove is provided at one end of the positioning plate away from the pull rod, and a PLC controller is fixedly installed on the top of the processing table on one side of the positioning plate.

[0006] Preferably, a threaded rod is rotatably connected to the middle part of the bottom end of the processing table, the top end of the sliding block is slidably connected to the inner side of the central axis slide groove, and the bottom end of the sliding block is threadedly connected to the outer side of the threaded rod, a reducer is fixedly installed at one end of the bottom end of the processing table close to the pull rod, a servo motor is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the processing table on one side of the threaded rod, the driving end of the servo motor is fixedly installed at the input end of the reducer, and one end of the threaded rod close to the pull rod is fixedly installed at the output end of the reducer.

[0007] Preferably, the telescopic end of the electric hydraulic push rod is fixedly mounted on an end of the second pressure sensor away from the rotating connecting piece, the top end of the extrusion replacement head is threadedly connected with a second fixing bolt, the connecting head is movably inserted into the inner side of the connecting groove, and the threaded end of the second fixing bolt is threadedly connected to the top end of the connecting head.

[0008] Preferably, the PLC controller is electrically connected to the electric hydraulic push rod, the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor and the servo motor respectively.

[0009] Preferably, a plug-in fixing groove is opened in the middle of the top of the baffle, two supporting cross bars are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom end of one side of the baffle, the bottom ends of the two supporting cross bars are evenly fixedly connected to supporting legs, and the middle of the top of the supporting cross bar is fixedly connected to a slide rail.

[0010] Preferably, the slide rail is slidably connected to the inner side of the limiting slide groove, the plug-in fixing plate is movably plugged into the inner side of the plug-in fixing groove, and the threaded end of the first fixing bolt is threadedly connected to the middle of the top end of the baffle at the bottom end of the plug-in fixing groove.

[0011] Preferably, the raw material to be processed is placed on the top of the processing table, and the outer side of the raw material to be processed is respectively contacted and connected with the inner side of the positioning plate, the end of the first pressure sensor away from the extrusion replacement head and the side of the side support block away from the rotating connection member.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] The present invention can monitor the pressure conditions of the raw material to be processed in multiple directions during the processing in real time through the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor. When the external force causes the raw material to be unevenly stressed, resulting in a change in pressure on one side, the sensor can capture the pressure change information in time and feed it back to the PLC controller. Based on the pressure information fed back by the sensor, the PLC controller can respond quickly and automatically control the servo motor or the electric hydraulic push rod to perform corresponding actions. For example, when the pressure on one side increases and the pressure on the other side decreases, the controller can control the electric hydraulic push rod on the side with greater pressure to extend and increase the supporting force, or start the servo motor to re-clamp when the pressure of the first pressure sensor decreases, thereby effectively maintaining the stable and fixed state of the raw material to be processed during the processing, avoiding the problems of loosening and falling off of the raw material due to uneven stress, and ensuring the continuity and quality of processing.

[0014] The positioning plate and extrusion replacement head can be easily replaced for raw materials of different sizes to be processed, so that it can adapt to the processing needs of raw materials of various specifications. This flexibility greatly improves the versatility of the device, reduces the trouble of replacing the entire set of fixtures due to changes in raw material size, and reduces production costs and equipment idle rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the second state structure of the main body in the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the third state structure of the main body in the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the compensation fixing mechanism in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the compensation fixing mechanism A in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the compensation fixing mechanism in the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1-compensation fixing mechanism, 2-baffle, 3-support cross bar, 4-slide rail, 5-support leg, 6-plug-in fixing groove, 7-raw material to be processed, 10-processing table, 11-central axis slide groove, 12-PLC controller, 13-plug-in fixing plate, 14-first fixing bolt, 15-limiting slide groove, 16-pull rod, 17-positioning plate, 18-positioning groove, 19-extrusion plate, 20-sliding block, 21-electric hydraulic push rod, 22-connecting head, 23-extrusion replacement head, 24-connecting groove, 25-second fixing bolt, 26-first pressure sensor, 27-side support block, 28-obstacle avoidance groove, 29-rotating connection, 30-second pressure sensor, 31-threaded rod, 32-reducer, 33-servo motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5, an embodiment of the present invention: a mechanical processing positioning and fixing device, comprising a compensation fixing mechanism 1, a baffle 2 and a raw material 7 to be processed, the compensation fixing mechanism 1 comprises a processing table 10, a central axis slide groove 11 is provided through the middle of the top of the processing table 10, a sliding block 20 is slidably connected inside the central axis slide groove 11, an extrusion plate 19 is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding block 20, a connecting head 22 is fixedly connected to one end of the extrusion plate 19, an electric hydraulic push rod 21 is rotatably installed at one end of the extrusion plate 19 away from the connecting head 22, an extrusion replacement head 23 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the connecting head 22, a connecting groove 24 is provided in the middle of one end of the extrusion replacement head 23 close to the extrusion plate 19, a first pressure sensor 26 is fixedly installed at one end of the extrusion replacement head 23 away from the connecting head 22, and a side support block 27 is rotatably connected to one end of the extrusion replacement head 23 close to the first pressure sensor 26, and the telescopic end of the electric hydraulic push rod 21 pushes the second pressure sensor 26 to move the extrusion replacement head 23 to the second pressure sensor 26. The sensor 30 and the rotating connecting member 29 move, and the movement of the rotating connecting member 29 drives the side support block 27 to rotate until the side of the side support block 27 close to the raw material 7 to be processed is close to the outer side of the raw material 7 to be processed, so as to perform side support and fixation to enhance the supporting effect. An obstacle avoidance groove 28 is provided on the side of the side support block 27 close to the extrusion replacement head 23. The height of the obstacle avoidance groove 28 is greater than the maximum diameter of the electric hydraulic push rod 21 to prevent the rotation of the side support block 27 from pressing against the outer side of the extrusion plate 19 and affecting the extension of the extrusion plate 19. The rotating connecting member 29 is fixedly installed on one end of the side support block 27 close to the extrusion plate 19, and the second pressure sensor 30 is fixedly installed on one end of the rotating connecting member 29 away from the side support block 27. The raw material 7 to be processed is placed on the top of the processing table 10, and the outer side of the raw material 7 to be processed is respectively contacted and connected with the inner side of the positioning plate 17, the end of the first pressure sensor 26 away from the extrusion replacement head 23 and the side of the side support block 27 away from the rotating connecting member 29.

[0024] A plug-in fixing plate 13 is fixedly connected to the middle part of one end of the processing table 10, and a first fixing bolt 14 is threadedly connected to the top of the plug-in fixing plate 13. Limiting slide grooves 15 are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom end of the processing table 10, and a pull rod 16 is fixedly connected to the end of the processing table 10 away from the plug-in fixing plate 13. The pull rod 16 facilitates the staff to push and pull the position of the processing table 10. A positioning plate 17 is fixedly installed at one end of the top middle part of the processing table 10 close to the pull rod 16, and a positioning groove 18 is provided at the end of the positioning plate 17 away from the pull rod 16. The positioning groove 18 facilitates the positioning of the raw material 7 to be processed, and a PLC controller 12 is fixedly installed on one side of the positioning plate 17 at the top of the processing table 10.

[0025] See also Figure 4-Figure 6A threaded rod 31 is rotatably connected to the middle part of the bottom end of the processing table 10, the top end of the sliding block 20 is slidably connected to the inner side of the central axis slide groove 11, and the bottom end of the sliding block 20 is threadedly connected to the outer side of the threaded rod 31, and a reducer 32 is fixedly installed at one end of the bottom end of the processing table 10 close to the pull rod 16, and a servo motor 33 is fixedly installed on one side of the threaded rod 31 at the bottom end of the processing table 10, and the driving end of the servo motor 33 is fixedly installed on the input end of the reducer 32, and the end of the threaded rod 31 close to the pull rod 16 is fixedly installed on the output end of the reducer 32. The deceleration effect of the reducer 32 facilitates the start of the servo motor 33 to fine-tune the position of the sliding block 20 during pressure compensation.

[0026] The telescopic end of the electric hydraulic push rod 21 is fixedly installed at one end of the second pressure sensor 30 away from the rotating connection piece 29. The two ends of the electric hydraulic push rod 21 are respectively connected by rotation, so that the electric hydraulic push rod 21 pushes the side support block 27 to rotate when it is extended. The top end of the extrusion replacement head 23 is threadedly connected with the second fixing bolt 25. The connecting head 22 is movably plugged into the inner side of the connecting groove 24, and the threaded end of the second fixing bolt 25 is threadedly connected to the top of the connecting head 22. The extrusion replacement head 23 is easily replaced by plug-in fixing to adapt to different sizes of raw materials 7 to be processed. The PLC controller 12 is respectively electrically connected to the electric hydraulic push rod 21, the first pressure sensor 26, the second pressure sensor 30 and the servo motor 33. By setting the control program for the PLC controller 12, the tightening force can be adaptively adjusted to prevent the raw material 7 to be processed from falling off during the processing process.

[0027] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 A plug-in fixing groove 6 is opened in the middle of the top of the baffle 2, and two supporting cross bars 3 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom end of one side of the baffle 2. The bottom ends of the two supporting cross bars 3 are evenly fixedly connected with supporting legs 5. A slide rail 4 is fixedly connected to the middle of the top of the supporting cross bar 3. The slide rail 4 is slidably connected to the inner side of the limiting slide groove 15. The slide rail 4 is used to apply limiting movement to the processing table 10, so that the processing table 10 can achieve stable translation. The plug-in fixing plate 13 is movably plugged into the inner side of the plug-in fixing groove 6, and the threaded end of the first fixing bolt 14 is threadedly connected to the middle of the top of the baffle 2 and is located at the bottom end of the plug-in fixing groove 6. The threaded connection of the first fixing bolt 14 can fix the processing table 10 to the top of the supporting cross bar 3 close to the end of the baffle 2 to avoid movement of the processing table 10 during processing.

[0028] Working principle: During use, the control program and the pressure thresholds of the first pressure sensor 26 and the second pressure sensor 30 are first set through the PLC controller 12. When performing mechanical processing, the pull rod 16 is pulled by external force to drive the processing table 10 away from the baffle 2 to the loading and unloading area, and then the raw material 7 to be processed is placed on the top of the processing table 10 and on the side of the positioning plate 17 close to the positioning groove 18, and one side of the raw material 7 to be processed is tightly attached to the inner side of the positioning groove 18, and then the servo motor 33 is controlled by the PLC controller 12 to start clamping. The driving end of the servo motor 33 drives the threaded rod 31 to rotate through the reducer 32. The rotating threaded rod 31 pushes the sliding block 20 to move close to the positioning plate 17. The movement of the sliding block 20 drives the extrusion plate 19 to move, thereby driving the extrusion replacement head 23 and the side support block 27 to move. The first pressure sensor 26 moves closer to the raw material 7 to be processed until one end of the first pressure sensor 26 away from the extrusion replacement head 23 is close to the outside of the raw material 7 to be processed. At this time, the pressure detected by the first pressure sensor 26 continues to increase. When the pressure reaches a predetermined value, the PLC controller 12 controls the servo motor 33 to be turned off, and at the same time controls the electric hydraulic push rod 21 to extend. The telescopic end of the electric hydraulic push rod 21 pushes the second pressure sensor 30 to move. The movement of the second pressure sensor 30 drives the rotating connection member 29 to move. The movement of the rotating connection member 29 drives the side support block 27 to rotate until the side of the side support block 27 close to the raw material 7 to be processed is close to the outside of the raw material 7 to be processed. The pressure detected by the second pressure sensor 30 continues to increase. When the pressure reaches a predetermined value, the PLC controller 12 controls the electric hydraulic push rod 21 to stop extending. At this time, the raw material 7 to be processed is fixed;

[0029] After the fixation is completed, the pull rod 16 is pushed by external force to approach the baffle 2 to the processing area, until the plug-in fixing plate 13 is plugged into the inner side of the plug-in fixing groove 6, and then the first fixing bolt 14 is screwed on the baffle 2 at the bottom end of the plug-in fixing groove 6 by external force, so as to fix the processing table 10. When the raw material 7 to be processed is processed and the external force acts on one side of the raw material 7 to be processed, the raw material 7 to be processed will be subjected to uneven force. When the pressure detected by the second pressure sensor 30 on one side of the extrusion replacement head 23 increases, the second pressure sensor 30 on the other side detects When the measured pressure decreases, the PLC controller 12 controls the electric hydraulic push rod 21 on the side with greater pressure to extend to increase the supporting strength. When the pressure of the first pressure sensor 26 decreases, the PLC controller 12 controls the servo motor 33 to start clamping, driving the first pressure sensor 26 to squeeze the outside of the raw material 7 to be processed, so as to prevent the raw material 7 from loosening and falling off. When the size of the raw material 7 to be processed is too large, the positioning plate 17 and the extrusion replacement head 23 can be replaced with positioning plates 17 and extrusion replacement heads 23 of suitable sizes to increase the fixing strength.

[0030] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that numerous changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mechanical processing positioning and fixing device, comprising a compensating fixing mechanism (1), a baffle (2) and a raw material to be processed (7), characterized in that: The compensating fixing mechanism (1) comprises a processing table (10), a central axis slide groove (11) is provided through the middle of the top of the processing table (10), a sliding block (20) is slidably connected inside the central axis slide groove (11), an extrusion plate (19) is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding block (20), one end of the extrusion plate (19) is fixedly connected to a connecting head (22), an electric hydraulic push rod (21) is rotatably installed on both sides of the extrusion plate (19) away from the end of the connecting head (22), an extrusion replacement head (23) is fixedly installed on the outside of the connecting head (22), a connecting groove (24) is provided in the middle of one end of the extrusion plate (19), and the extrusion replacement head (23) is close to the extrusion plate (19). A first pressure sensor (26) is fixedly mounted on one end of the extrusion replacement head (23) away from the connecting head (22); two ends of the extrusion replacement head (23) close to the first pressure sensor (26) are rotatably connected to side support blocks (27) respectively; an obstacle avoidance groove (28) is provided on one side of the side support block (27) close to the extrusion replacement head (23); a height of the obstacle avoidance groove (28) is greater than the maximum diameter of the electric hydraulic push rod (21); a rotating connection piece (29) is fixedly mounted on one end of the side support block (27) close to the extrusion plate (19); and a second pressure sensor (30) is fixedly mounted on one end of the rotating connection piece (29) away from the side support block (27).

2. A mechanical processing positioning and fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plug-in fixing plate (13) is fixedly connected to the middle of one end of the processing table (10), and a first fixing bolt (14) is threadedly connected to the top of the plug-in fixing plate (13). Limiting sliding grooves (15) are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom end of the processing table (10). A pull rod (16) is fixedly connected to the end of the processing table (10) away from the plug-in fixing plate (13). A positioning plate (17) is fixedly installed at one end of the top middle of the processing table (10) close to the pull rod (16). A positioning groove (18) is provided at the end of the positioning plate (17) away from the pull rod (16). A PLC controller (12) is fixedly installed at the top of the processing table (10) on one side of the positioning plate (17).

3. A mechanical processing positioning and fixing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A threaded rod (31) is rotatably connected to the middle of the bottom end of the processing table (10), the top end of the sliding block (20) is slidably connected to the inner side of the central axis slide groove (11), and the bottom end of the sliding block (20) is threadedly connected to the outer side of the threaded rod (31), a reducer (32) is fixedly installed at one end of the bottom end of the processing table (10) close to the pull rod (16), a servo motor (33) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the processing table (10) on one side of the threaded rod (31), the driving end of the servo motor (33) is fixedly installed at the input end of the reducer (32), and one end of the threaded rod (31) close to the pull rod (16) is fixedly installed at the output end of the reducer (32).

4. A mechanical processing positioning and fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic end of the electric hydraulic push rod (21) is fixedly mounted on an end of the second pressure sensor (30) away from the rotating connecting member (29); the top end of the extrusion replacement head (23) is threadedly connected with a second fixing bolt (25); the connecting head (22) is movably inserted into the inner side of the connecting groove (24), and the threaded end of the second fixing bolt (25) is threadedly connected to the top end of the connecting head (22).

5. A mechanical processing positioning and fixing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The PLC controller (12) is respectively electrically connected to the electric hydraulic push rod (21), the first pressure sensor (26), the second pressure sensor (30) and the servo motor (33).

6. A mechanical processing positioning and fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plug-in fixing groove (6) is provided in the middle of the top end of the baffle (2); two supporting cross bars (3) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom end of one side of the baffle (2); supporting legs (5) are evenly fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the two supporting cross bars (3); and a slide rail (4) is fixedly connected to the middle of the top end of the supporting cross bar (3).

7. A mechanical processing positioning and fixing device according to claim 2 or 6, characterized in that: The slide rail (4) is slidably connected to the inner side of the limiting slide groove (15), the plug-in fixing plate (13) is movably plugged into the inner side of the plug-in fixing groove (6), and the threaded end of the first fixing bolt (14) is threadedly connected to the middle of the top end of the baffle (2) and is located at the bottom end of the plug-in fixing groove (6).

8. The mechanical processing positioning and fixing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The raw material to be processed (7) is placed on the top of the processing table (10), and the outer side of the raw material to be processed (7) is respectively in contact with the inner side of the positioning plate (17), the end of the first pressure sensor (26) away from the extrusion replacement head (23) and the side of the side support block (27) away from the rotating connection member (29).

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