Water recession structure for green dredging and silting area of sand-rich reservoir

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of reservoir desilting, and discloses a water recession structure for a sand-rich reservoir green dredging and silting area, the water recession structure comprises a desilting structure, a water recession structure and a water returning structure, the desilting structure comprises a separation embankment and cofferdams, a desilting basin is defined by the cofferdam and the separation embankment on one side, and the water recession structure comprises a vertical shaft type water recession opening, a water recession pipe and a stilling basin; the water recession structure is used for draining water in the silt area and limiting the water level at a certain height, the water return structure is used for enabling recession water of the stilling pool to flow back into a reservoir for desilting construction, and the water return structure comprises a water recession channel. According to the water recession structure for the green dredging silt area of the sand-rich reservoir, through the arrangement of the vertical shaft type water recession opening, the stilling pool and the anti-seepage wall, water in the silt area can be rapidly filtered and discharged, the water level in the silt area can be controlled, seepage can be effectively prevented, the sand content of recession can be effectively controlled, and the stability of the cofferdam is ensured; according to the water recession structure for the green dredging and silting area of the sand-rich reservoir, a large number of detachable prefabricated parts are used, the structure is simple, and operation is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of river channel dredging, and in particular to a water withdrawal structure for green dredging of silted areas in sand-rich reservoirs. Background Art

[0002] The siltation of river channels will reduce the flood-carrying capacity of the river channels. When the river channels are rich in sand, the accumulation of sand will raise the riverbed over time. During flood season, the cross-section of water flow is reduced, and the water level will rise rapidly, increasing the risk of flooding. Secondly, the siltation of river channels rich in sand will change the habitat of aquatic organisms. Sandy siltation may bury the growth area of ​​aquatic plants and reduce the spawning and foraging places of aquatic animals such as fish. Therefore, river channels rich in sand need to be dredged regularly.

[0003] For the silted area formed by dredging, the water withdrawal structure is the most critical and difficult to control part. Selecting a suitable water withdrawal structure can not only improve the efficiency of engineering construction, but also reduce the hidden safety hazards of operating engineering; improper selection can easily lead to large construction siltation, slow consolidation and poor flatness of the filling area, and even water seepage and collapse of the entire dam body, leading to serious engineering accidents and adverse social impacts. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application proposes a water withdrawal structure for green dredging of silted areas in sand-rich reservoirs. The arrangement of a vertical shaft-type water withdrawal outlet, an energy dissipation pool and an anti-seepage wall can not only quickly filter and drain the water in the silted area and control the water level in the silted area, but also effectively prevent seepage, control the sand content of the withdrawn water, and ensure the stability of the cofferdam.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solution: a water withdrawal structure for green dredging of silted areas in sand-rich reservoirs, comprising:

[0006] A sedimentation structure, wherein the sedimentation structure includes a dike and a cofferdam, wherein the cofferdam forms a siltation area, and the cofferdam and the dike on one side form a sedimentation pond, wherein a gap is left in the dike, and the retreating water enters the sedimentation pond through the gap;

[0007] A water withdrawal structure, wherein the water withdrawal structure comprises a vertical shaft water withdrawal outlet, a water withdrawal pipe and an energy dissipation pool, wherein the vertical shaft water withdrawal outlet is located in a position away from the gap in the sedimentation pool, the energy dissipation pool is located outside the cofferdam, the starting section of the water withdrawal pipe is located in the vertical shaft water withdrawal outlet, and passes through the side wall of the vertical shaft water withdrawal outlet, the cofferdam and the side wall of the energy dissipation pool, and extends into the energy dissipation pool, and the water withdrawal structure discharges water in the siltation area and limits the water level to a certain height;

[0008] The backwater structure is used to allow the retreated water from the energy dissipation pool to flow back into the reservoir under dredging construction. The backwater structure includes a retreat channel. The two ends of the retreat channel are respectively provided with a gradient section 1 and a gradient section 2. The gradient section 1 is connected to the energy dissipation pool, and the gradient section 2 is connected to a culvert. The gradient sections 1 and 2 are used for transition to make the connection smooth. The end of the culvert is provided with a bottom protection, and the side of the bottom protection is provided with a bottom protection cofferdam. The water flows through the bottom protection and then flows back to the reservoir.

[0009] Furthermore, the cofferdam includes a water withdrawal outlet cofferdam and a siltation area cofferdam. The water withdrawal outlet cofferdam includes a homogeneous clay cofferdam, a seepage intercepting ditch, a geotextile and a surface stripping soil storage area. The siltation area cofferdam is formed by excavating temporarily requisitioned cultivated land. The surface stripping soil storage area is used to store the surface stripping soil of the original cultivated land. The homogeneous clay cofferdam is formed by filling the excavated clay. The height of the surface stripping soil storage area is lower than the height of the homogeneous clay cofferdam. Geotextile is used to separate the surface stripping soil storage area and the homogeneous clay cofferdam. The slope of the homogeneous clay cofferdam facing the siltation area is provided with a concrete panel. The top of the concrete panel is pressed with concrete, and the foot of the slope is reinforced with concrete piers. The seepage intercepting ditch is arranged at the bottom of the slope of the surface stripping soil storage area.

[0010] Furthermore, an anti-seepage wall is provided in the homogeneous clay cofferdam, and the anti-seepage wall is arranged at the longitudinal axis of the homogeneous clay cofferdam.

[0011] Furthermore, a lateral drainage pipe is provided on the side of the vertical shaft type water retreat outlet, and the lateral drainage pipe is installed on a platform close to the water-facing surface of the cofferdam and arranged along the cofferdam. The outlet of the lateral drainage pipe is inserted into the vertical shaft type water retreat outlet through the reserved hole on the vertical shaft type water retreat outlet, and the upper opening height of the lateral drainage pipe is set to be above the control water level of the siltation area.

[0012] Furthermore, the vertical shaft type water outlet includes a vertical shaft, and the vertical shaft is fixedly connected to a plurality of columns, the number of columns is not less than 3, a sand retaining plate is provided between two adjacent columns, the sand retaining plate and the columns form a cavity, and a cross brace is fixedly connected between two adjacent columns.

[0013] Furthermore, slots are provided on the opposite surfaces of two adjacent columns, and the sand retaining plates are movably connected to the columns through the slots. A traffic trestle is provided above the vertical shaft-type water outlet, and the traffic trestle extends from the top of the cofferdam to the top of the vertical shaft-type water outlet. The sand retaining plates can be inserted or pulled out on the traffic trestle to adjust the water level in the siltation area.

[0014] Furthermore, the sand baffle is pre-inserted, wherein a gap is left in the sand baffle on the water-facing side, and the gap corresponds to the water level in the predetermined siltation area. A locking frame is provided on the column, and the locking frame limits and supports the sand baffle so that the sand baffle will not fall to maintain the gap. When the locking frame releases the sand baffle, the sand baffle will fall along the slot. Two sets of fixed pulley frames are provided on the top of the column, and a pull rope one and a pull rope two are respectively connected to the two sets of fixed pulley frames, and the two ends of the pull rope one are respectively connected to a counterweight and a water tank, and the water tank is located in the cavity, and the water tank is always lower than the gap, and the retreating water flowing in from the gap can enter the water tank, and the water tank is hinged with the sand baffle or the column. Then, when the weight of the water tank is greater than the counterweight, the water tank rotates, and the water in the water tank is poured out. After the water in the water tank is poured out, it is reset under the gravity of the counterweight. One end of the pull rope 2 is fixedly connected to the water tank, and the other end of the pull rope 2 is fixedly connected to a bottoming block. The bottoming block is located outside the cavity. When the water tank rotates, the bottoming block can be lifted. When the water tank is reset, the bottoming block can touch the bottom. An amplifying member is provided on the pull rope 2 to make the bottoming block have a sufficiently large displacement. A trigger member is provided on the bottoming block, which moves along the locking frame, and the locking frame is constructed so that the sand baffle below the trigger member is released, while the sand baffle above the trigger member is still in a limited and supported state.

[0015] Furthermore, the water tank is provided with a cover plate, the cover plate is provided with an inflow hole, the retreating water flows into the water tank from the inflow hole, and the cover plate is tilted or provided with an inclined surface.

[0016] Furthermore, the locking frame is provided with a retractable locking block, the sand guard plate is provided with a block corresponding to the locking block, the block is limited and supported by the locking block, the end of the locking block is provided with a first magnet, and the trigger member is provided with a second magnet corresponding to the locking block. When the trigger member coincides with the locking block, the locking block is attracted by the trigger member, the locking block retracts, and the sand guard plate is released. The locking block is provided with a damping, which can delay the retraction of the locking block to avoid the locking block being accidentally touched. In order to facilitate the downward adjustment of the notch height, the locking block is a wedge-shaped block.

[0017] Furthermore, a moving block is provided in the trigger member, the second magnet is arranged on the moving block, the moving block is connected to a spring, the spring moves the moving block and the second magnet away from the locking block, when the second magnet is away from the locking block, the magnetic force of the two can overcome the spring connected to the moving block, but cannot overcome the spring connected to the locking block, when the second magnet approaches the locking block, the magnetic force can completely overcome the spring connected to the locking block.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. The existing ones are mainly used for the cofferdam structure of the water withdrawal outlet for silt. The present invention is aimed at the water withdrawal structure for the green dredging siltation area of ​​the sand-rich reservoir, so as to solve the problems of fast drainage of the siltation area of ​​the sand-rich reservoir, anti-seepage of the cofferdam at the water withdrawal outlet, rapid filtration and drainage of water in the siltation area, control of the water level in the siltation area, clear water return to the reservoir during dredging construction, and green construction.

[0020] 2. Through the adjustment of the vertical shaft-type water outlet and the sand retaining plate, the sediment content of the return flow can be effectively controlled, and the substandard water can be prevented from entering the water outlet pipe, so that clean water can be returned, the amount of dredging work can be reduced, the cost can be reduced, and the construction progress can be accelerated.

[0021] 3. The installation of lateral drainage pipes can speed up the removal of water in the silted area, quickly lower the water level in the silted area, achieve a balance between water inflow and outflow, control the water level in the silted area, and ensure the safety of the cofferdam in the silted area.

[0022] 4. Set up anti-seepage walls, reinforce the drainage pipe and effectively prevent leakage of the cofferdam at the drainage outlet, ensuring the seepage stability of the cofferdam at the drainage pipe.

[0023] 5. A surface stripped soil accumulation area is set up on the outer slope of the cofferdam in the siltation area, where the surface stripped soil of the original cultivated land is accumulated. A geotextile is set between the surface stripped soil and the homogeneous clay layer of the cofferdam for isolation, anti-seepage and anti-pollution. This can greatly reduce the expropriated area of ​​cultivated land, effectively achieve earthwork balance, reduce the construction impact on cultivated land, reduce construction costs, and speed up construction progress.

[0024] 6. Greatly reduce the construction interference to the original cultivated land. After the construction is completed, the homogeneous clay cofferdam will be pushed back to the siltation area to restore the corresponding soil layer before the excavation of the original cultivated land, and then the surface stripped soil will be backfilled on it to restore the original appearance of the cultivated land before construction and realize green construction.

[0025] 7. Realize the backflow of clean water into the reservoir during dredging construction, ensure the balance of water inflow and outflow, reduce the amount of dredging work, reduce construction costs, speed up the construction progress, ensure that the water quality and water quantity of the reservoir during dredging construction are basically not affected by the dredging construction of the reservoir, ensure the water quality and water quantity of the reservoir, and achieve economic benefits, ecological benefits and environmental benefits.

[0026] 8. The water withdrawal structure for green dredging of silted areas in sand-rich reservoirs uses a large number of detachable prefabricated parts, which have simple structure, convenient operation, fast construction, and can be reused, thus reducing project cost, shortening construction period, ensuring construction quality, saving production costs, and facilitating project construction and operation management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative work:

[0028] Figure 1 It is a partial elevation view of the present invention (the drainage channel is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cofferdam);

[0029] Figure 2 It is a partial plan view of the present invention (the drainage channel is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cofferdam);

[0030] Figure 3 It is a plan view of the present invention (the water withdrawal pipe is at an angle of 45 degrees to the longitudinal axis of the cofferdam);

[0031] Figure 4 It is a plan view of the present invention (the water withdrawal pipe is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cofferdam);

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the inlet stopcock in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the anti-seepage wall in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 is an elevation view of the cofferdam in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 is a plan view of the homogeneous clay cofferdam of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a protective fence in the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 It is a plan view of the bottom protection in the present invention;

[0038] Fig.11 For the present invention Fig.10 Cross-section at the middle BB;

[0039] Fig.12 For the present invention Fig.10 Cross-section at CC;

[0040] Fig.13 It is an elevation view of the water return structure in the present invention (the water return channel is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cofferdam);

[0041] Fig.14 It is a plan view of the backwater structure in the present invention (the backwater channel is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cofferdam);

[0042] Fig.15 It is an elevation view of the vertical shaft type water outlet in the present invention;

[0043] Fig.16 It is a plan view of the vertical shaft type water outlet in the present invention;

[0044] Fig.17 It is a vertical elevation view of the vertical shaft type water outlet in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.18 This is an external view of the vertical shaft type water outlet in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.19 For the present invention Fig.17 Enlarged view of D in the middle.

[0047] In the figure: 1. sedimentation tank; 2. vertical shaft type water outlet; 201. vertical shaft; 202. column; 203. horizontal support; 204. slot; 205. sand retaining plate; 206. fixed pulley frame; 207. pull rope 1; 208. water tank; 209. pull rope 2; 210. bottoming block; 211. counterweight; 212. locking frame; 213. locking block; 214. stopper; 215. magnifying member; 216. trigger member; 3. water outlet pipe ; 4. Cofferdam; 5. Anti-seepage wall; 6. Geotextile; 7. Energy dissipation pool; 8. Protective fence; 9. Drainage channel; 10. Gradient section one; 11. Gradient section two; 12. Culvert; 13. Bottom protection cofferdam; 14. Bottom protection; 15. Dike; 16. Traffic trestle; 17. Lateral drainage pipe; 18. Reservoir; 19. Seepage interception ditch; 20. Surface stripping soil storage area; 21. Homogeneous clay cofferdam; 22. Inlet pier; A. Cofferdam axis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] For example, see Figure 1-Figure 14 , a water withdrawal structure for green dredging of silted areas in sand-rich reservoirs, including a water withdrawal structure, a sand settling structure and a backwater structure;

[0050] The sedimentation structure includes a barrier dam 15 and a cofferdam 4. The cofferdam 4 forms a siltation area, and the silt is piled in the siltation area. The cofferdam 4 and the barrier dam 15 on one side form a sedimentation tank 1. The barrier dam 15 is provided with two walls, and a gap is left between the two walls of the barrier dam 15. The retreating water enters the sedimentation tank 1 through the gap, and the silt in the retreating water gradually settles in the sedimentation tank 1, and a clear water layer with less sand content is formed on the upper layer.

[0051] The water withdrawal structure includes a shaft-type water withdrawal outlet 2, a water withdrawal pipe 3 and an energy dissipation pool 7. The starting section of the water withdrawal pipe 3 is located in the shaft-type water withdrawal outlet 2 and passes through the side wall of the shaft-type water withdrawal outlet 2, the cofferdam 4 and the side wall of the energy dissipation pool 7. The end of the water withdrawal pipe 3 extends into the energy dissipation pool 7. The energy dissipation pool 7 is preset with a through hole corresponding to the position of the water withdrawal pipe 3. The side wall of the shaft-type water withdrawal outlet 2 is provided with an inlet anchor 202. The water withdrawal pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the shaft-type water withdrawal outlet 2 through the inlet anchor 202. The water withdrawal pipe 3 is used to pass through the cofferdam 4. The water withdrawal pipe 3 passes through the cofferdam 4 according to a certain gradient, discharges water in the silted area and limits the water level to a certain height to ensure the safety of the cofferdam. The water withdrawal pipe 3 is generally at a certain angle to the axis of the cofferdam (such as vertical or 45 degrees, such as Figure 3 or Figure 4 ).

[0052] The backwater structure is used to return the retreated water of the stilling pool 7 to the reservoir 18 for dredging construction. The backwater structure includes a backwater channel 9. The two ends of the backwater channel 9 are respectively provided with a gradient section 10 and a gradient section 2 11. The gradient section 10 is connected to the stilling pool 7. The gradient section 2 11 is connected to a culvert 12. The end of the culvert 12 is provided with a bottom protection 14. The side of the bottom protection 14 is provided with a bottom protection cofferdam 13. After the water flows through the bottom protection 14, it flows back to the reservoir 18. According to the relative position of the siltation area and the reservoir 18, the longitudinal direction of the backwater channel 9 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cofferdam 4 ( Figure 1 , Figure 2 ) or parallel ( Fig.13 , Fig.14 ) direction, the drainage channel 9 is smoothly connected to the outlet of the stilling pool 7 through the gradient section 10, and is smoothly connected to the inlet of the culvert 12 through the gradient section 2 11. The inlet of the gradient section 10 is arranged at the outlet of the stilling pool 7 and is perpendicular to the inlet section of the stilling pool 7 ( Fig.13 , Fig.14 ) or parallel ( Figure 1 , Figure 2 ), the top of which is flush with the top of the energy dissipation pool, the culvert 12 is used to cross the road or ditch passed through, and is composed of 2 rows or 1 row of several socket-type concrete pipes, the bottom protection 14 is composed of concrete bottom protection, concrete partitions, and riprap concrete bottom protection, and the bottoms of the vertical shaft type water outlet 2, cofferdam 4, water discharge pipe 3, energy dissipation pool 7, water discharge channel 9, culvert 12 and bottom protection cofferdam 13 are all paved with concrete bottom protection.

[0053] The siltation area should be as close to the reservoir as possible to effectively occupy less arable land, facilitate transportation, shorten or eliminate the drainage channel 9, and achieve rapid, economical, safe, green and earthwork balance and transportation. Please refer to Figure 7-Figure 9The cofferdam 4 includes a water retreat outlet cofferdam and a siltation area cofferdam. The water retreat outlet cofferdam includes a homogeneous clay cofferdam 21, a seepage cut-off ditch 19, a geotextile 6, a surface stripping soil storage area 20 and a protective fence 8. The siltation area cofferdam is formed by excavating temporarily requisitioned cultivated land. The surface stripping soil of the original cultivated land is accumulated to form a surface stripping soil storage area 20 (whose height is slightly lower than that of the homogeneous clay cofferdam 21). The excavated clay is filled to form a vertical shaft 201. The two are directly separated by a geotextile 6 to isolate, prevent seepage, and protect the cofferdam clay layer from being affected by the surface stripping soil. After the construction is completed, the homogeneous clay cofferdam 21 is Clay is pushed back into the silted area to restore the corresponding soil layer before the excavation of the original cultivated land, and then the surface stripped soil is backfilled on it to restore the original appearance of the cultivated land before construction and realize green construction. A concrete panel is provided on the slope of the homogeneous clay cofferdam 21 facing the silted area. The top of the slope of the concrete panel is pressed by concrete, and the foot of the slope is reinforced by concrete piers. The intercepting ditch 19 is set at the bottom of the slope of the surface stripped soil accumulation area. The protective fence 8 is used for safety protection and dust prevention in the silted area. It is composed of a concrete support, a protective net and its vertical support. The concrete support is set at the top of the surface stripped soil stacking area 20 at a certain distance away from the outer slope of the homogeneous clay cofferdam 21.

[0054] An anti-seepage wall 5 is provided at the longitudinal axis of the homogeneous clay cofferdam 21. The anti-seepage wall 5 is used to prevent seepage when the drainage pipe 3 passes through the homogeneous clay cofferdam 21 and to reinforce the drainage pipe 3. Figure 6 , a seepage barrier is formed around the drainage pipe 3 and the concrete base by using mortar-laid brick wall plastering. When backfilling after the drainage pipe 3 is laid, the concrete and concrete pipe surfaces are firstly plastered with clay slurry, and then 10% cement soil is backfilled to form an inverted trapezoidal section, and finally clay is backfilled to widen and heighten to meet the requirements of the cofferdam section. According to the specific conditions of the siltation area and the reservoir 18, the inlet section of the energy dissipation pool 7 is parallel to the outlet section of the drainage pipe 3 ( Figure 2 ) or vertically ( Fig.13 , Fig.14 ) method, the water is discharged into the water discharge channel 9 through the energy dissipation pool 7.

[0055] A lateral drainage pipe 17 is provided on the side of the vertical shaft type water retreat outlet 2. The lateral drainage pipe 17 is used to speed up the filtration and removal of water in the siltation area, and timely reduce the water level in the siltation area to ensure the safety of the cofferdam. The lateral drainage pipe 17 is installed on a platform close to the water-facing surface of the cofferdam 4 and arranged along the cofferdam. Its outlet is inserted into the vertical shaft type water retreat outlet 2 through the reserved hole on the vertical shaft type water retreat outlet 2. The upper opening height is set to be above the control water level of the siltation area. When the water level in the siltation area rises to the control water level, water flows in from the inlet of the lateral drainage pipe 17, quickly flows into the vertical shaft type water retreat outlet 2 and is discharged, so that the water level in the siltation area does not exceed the control water level.

[0056] See also Figure 15-16The vertical shaft type water retreat outlet 2 includes a vertical shaft 201, and the vertical shaft 201 is fixedly connected with a plurality of columns 202, the number of the columns 202 is not less than 3, and the opposite surfaces of two adjacent columns 202 are provided with slots 204, and a sand retaining plate 205 is provided between two adjacent columns 202, and the sand retaining plate 205 is inserted into the slot 204. The sand retaining plate 205 and the columns 202 form a cavity, and a cross brace 203 is fixedly connected between two adjacent columns 202 for reinforcement. The retreat water is discharged into the cavity and then discharged into the energy dissipation pool 7 through the retreat pipe 3.

[0057] The water level in the siltation area can be effectively adjusted by increasing or decreasing the sand retaining plate 205, so that the water that meets the water concentration requirement can be discharged into the cavity. In order to increase or decrease the sand retaining plate 205, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 2 A traffic trestle 16 is provided above the vertical shaft type water retreat outlet 2. The traffic trestle 16 extends from the top of the cofferdam 4 to the top of the vertical shaft type water retreat outlet 2. The traffic trestle 16 includes several rows of vertical supports, and the vertical supports are connected to the horizontal supports. Wooden boards are laid on the horizontal supports. Railings are provided on both sides of the horizontal supports. The vertical supports are installed on concrete supports.

[0058] Embodiment 2: Based on Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 automatically adjusts the position of the sand retaining plate 205 and the water level in the siltation area. Fig.17 and Fig.18, the sand retaining plate 205 is pre-inserted, wherein the sand retaining plate 205 located on the water-facing surface has a gap, and the gap corresponds to the water level in the predetermined siltation area. A locking frame 212 is provided on the column 202, and the locking frame 212 limits the sand retaining plate 205 and supports the sand retaining plate 205, so that the sand retaining plate 205 will not fall. When the locking frame 212 releases the sand retaining plate 205, the sand retaining plate 205 will fall along the slot 204. Two sets of fixed pulley frames 206 are provided on the top of the column 202, and the two sets of fixed pulley frames 206 are respectively connected to a pull rope 1 207 and a pull rope 2 209, and the two ends of the pull rope 1 207 are respectively connected to There are a counterweight 211 and a water tank 208. The water tank 208 is located in the cavity. The water tank 208 is always lower than the gap. The water flowing in from the gap can enter the water tank 208. The water tank 208 is hinged with the sand retaining plate 205 or the column 202. As the water in the water tank 208 increases, the weight gradually increases. When the weight of the water tank 208 is greater than the counterweight 211, the water tank 208 rotates, and a flow outlet is provided on one side of the water tank 208. The water in the water tank 208 is poured out, and the weight of the water tank 208 is reduced and reset under the gravity of the counterweight 211. One end of the pull rope 209 is fixedly connected to the water tank 208. The pull rope 209 is fixedly connected to the water tank 208. The other end of the pull rope 209 is fixedly connected with a bottoming block 210, which is located outside the cavity. As the water tank 208 rotates, the bottoming block 210 will be lifted. When the water tank 208 is reset, the bottoming block 210 will fall. The bottoming block 210 will not be buried by the mud and sand, and will always be located on the upper layer of the mud and sand. An amplifier 215 is provided on the pull rope 209. The amplifier 215 amplifies the displacement of the water tank 208 so that the bottoming block 210 has a sufficiently large displacement. In this embodiment, the amplifier 215 is a movable pulley group. In other embodiments, the amplifier 215 can be a gear group or a hydraulic structure. The bottoming block 2 A trigger member 216 is provided on 10, and the trigger member 216 moves along the locking frame 212, and the locking frame 212 is constructed so that the sand retaining plate 205 below the trigger member 216 is released, while the sand retaining plate 205 above the trigger member 216 is still in a limited and supported state, that is, the trigger member 216 is always aligned with the gap, and as the trigger member 216 moves upward, the gap gradually moves upward, and the position of the gap is automatically adjusted, so that the height difference between the gap and the sediment is always kept in a constant state, the height difference does not change with the accumulation of sediment, and the water flowing into the cavity from the gap is always in a state with less sand content.

[0059] See also Fig.18 In order to avoid the water tank 208 and the bottoming block 210 from moving too frequently, a cover plate is provided on the water tank 208, and an inflow hole is provided on the cover plate. The retreating water slowly flows into the water tank 208 from the inflow hole. The cover plate is tilted or provided with an inclined surface, so that no water will accumulate, thereby reducing the speed at which the weight of the water tank 208 increases and reducing the movement frequency of the water tank 208 and the bottoming block 210.

[0060] The locking frame 212 is provided with a retractable locking block 213, and the sand retaining plate 205 is provided with a stopper 214 corresponding to the locking block 213, and the stopper 214 is limited and supported by the locking block 213. The end of the locking block 213 is provided with a first magnet, and the trigger member 216 is provided with a second magnet corresponding to the locking block 213. When the trigger member 216 coincides with the position of the locking block 213, the locking block 213 is attracted by the trigger member 216, and the locking block 213 retracts to release the sand retaining plate 205. The locking block 213 is provided with a damping, which can delay the retraction of the locking block 213. When the trigger member 216 passes through the locking block 213 quickly, the locking block 213 will not move, thereby preventing the locking block 213 from being accidentally touched. In order to facilitate the downward adjustment of the notch height, the locking block 213 is a wedge-shaped block with the inclined surface facing downward, and the sand retaining plate 205 can be freely moved upward manually, thereby manually adjusting the notch position.

[0061] To further prevent the locking block 213 from being accidentally touched, the second magnet on the trigger member 216 is set on the moving block, and the moving block is connected to a spring. The spring moves the moving block and the second magnet away from the locking block 213. When the second magnet is away from the locking block 213, the magnetic force of the two can overcome the spring connected to the moving block, but cannot overcome the spring connected to the locking block 213. When the second magnet approaches the locking block 213, the magnetic force can completely overcome the spring connected to the locking block 213. When the trigger member 216 passes the locking block 213 quickly, the moving block does not have enough time to move and cannot move the locking block 213. When the trigger member 216 is aligned with the locking block 213, the moving block first moves to the position closest to the locking block 213, and the first magnet and the second magnet approach each other, overcoming the spring connected to the locking block 213, causing the locking block 213 to move and release the sand baffle 205.

[0062] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A water withdrawal structure for green dredging of silted areas in sand-rich reservoirs, characterized in that: include: A sedimentation structure, wherein the sedimentation structure comprises a barrier dyke (15) and a cofferdam (4), wherein the cofferdam (4) encloses a siltation area, and the cofferdam (4) and the barrier dyke (15) on one side enclose a sedimentation tank (1), wherein a gap is left in the barrier dyke (15), and the retreating water enters the sedimentation tank (1) through the gap; A water withdrawal structure, the water withdrawal structure comprising a vertical shaft water withdrawal outlet (2), a water withdrawal pipe (3) and an energy dissipation pool (7), the vertical shaft water withdrawal outlet (2) being located in a position away from the gap in the sedimentation pool, the energy dissipation pool (7) being located outside the cofferdam (4), the starting section of the water withdrawal pipe (3) being located in the vertical shaft water withdrawal outlet (2), and passing through the side wall of the vertical shaft water withdrawal outlet (2), the cofferdam (4) and the side wall of the energy dissipation pool (7), and extending into the energy dissipation pool (7), the water withdrawal structure discharges water in the siltation area and limits the water level to a certain height; A backwater structure is used to allow the returned water of the energy dissipation pool (7) to flow back into a reservoir (18) for dredging construction. The backwater structure comprises a backwater channel (9). The two ends of the backwater channel (9) are respectively provided with a gradient section 1 (10) and a gradient section 2 (11). The gradient section 1 (10) is connected to the energy dissipation pool (7). The gradient section 2 (11) is connected to a culvert (12). The gradient section 1 (10) and the gradient section 2 (11) are used for transition to make the connection smooth. A bottom protection (14) is provided at the end of the culvert (12). A bottom protection cofferdam (13) is provided on the side of the bottom protection (14). After the water flows through the bottom protection (14), it flows back into the reservoir (18).

2. A water withdrawal structure for green dredging of silted areas in sand-rich reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cofferdam (4) comprises a water withdrawal outlet cofferdam and a siltation area cofferdam. The water withdrawal outlet cofferdam comprises a homogeneous clay cofferdam (21), a seepage interception ditch (19), a geotextile (6) and a surface stripping soil storage area (20). The siltation area cofferdam is formed by excavating temporarily requisitioned cultivated land. The surface stripping soil storage area (20) is used to store the surface stripping soil of the original cultivated land. The homogeneous clay cofferdam (21) is formed by filling the excavated clay. The height of the surface stripping soil storage area (20) is lower than that of the homogeneous clay cofferdam (21). A geotextile (6) is used to separate the surface stripping soil storage area (20) and the homogeneous clay cofferdam (21). A concrete panel is provided on the slope of the homogeneous clay cofferdam (21) facing the siltation area. The top of the concrete panel is pressed with concrete, and the foot of the slope is reinforced with concrete piers. The seepage interception ditch (19) is arranged at the bottom of the slope of the surface stripping soil storage area.

3. A water withdrawal structure for green dredging of silted areas in sand-rich reservoirs according to claim 2, characterized in that: An anti-seepage wall (5) is arranged inside the homogeneous clay cofferdam (21), and the anti-seepage wall (5) is arranged at the longitudinal axis of the homogeneous clay cofferdam (21).

4. The water withdrawal structure for green dredging of silted areas in sand-rich reservoirs according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A lateral drainage pipe (17) is provided on the side of the vertical shaft type water withdrawal outlet (2). The lateral drainage pipe (17) is installed on a platform close to the water-facing surface of the cofferdam (4) and arranged along the cofferdam. The outlet of the lateral drainage pipe (17) is inserted into the vertical shaft type water withdrawal outlet (2) through a reserved hole on the vertical shaft type water withdrawal outlet (2). The upper opening height of the lateral drainage pipe (17) is set to be above the controlled water level of the siltation area.

5. The water withdrawal structure for green dredging of silted areas in sand-rich reservoirs according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vertical shaft type water outlet (2) comprises a vertical shaft (201), the vertical shaft (201) is fixedly connected to a plurality of columns (202), the number of the columns (202) is not less than 3, a sand retaining plate (205) is provided between two adjacent columns (202), the sand retaining plate (205) and the columns (202) form a cavity, and a cross brace (203) is fixedly connected between two adjacent columns (202).

6. The water withdrawal structure for green dredging of silted areas in sand-rich reservoirs according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The opposite surfaces of two adjacent columns (202) are each provided with a slot (204), and the sand retaining plate (205) is movably connected to the column (202) through the slot (204). A traffic trestle (16) is provided above the vertical shaft type water withdrawal outlet (2), and the traffic trestle (16) extends from the top of the cofferdam (4) to the top of the vertical shaft type water withdrawal outlet (2). The sand retaining plate (205) can be inserted or pulled out on the traffic trestle (16) to adjust the water level in the siltation area.

7. A water withdrawal structure for green dredging of silted areas in a sand-rich reservoir according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sand shield (205) is pre-inserted, wherein a gap is left on the sand shield (205) located on the water-facing surface, and the gap corresponds to the water level in the predetermined siltation area. A locking frame (212) is provided on the column (202), and the locking frame (212) limits the position of the sand shield (205) and supports the sand shield (205) so that the sand shield (205) will not fall down to maintain the gap. When the locking frame (212) releases the sand shield (205), the sand shield (205) will fall down along the slot (204), and the column Two groups of fixed pulley frames (206) are provided on the top of (202), and the two groups of fixed pulley frames (206) are respectively connected with a pull rope 1 (207) and a pull rope 2 (209), and the two ends of the pull rope 1 (207) are respectively connected with a counterweight (211) and a water tank (208), and the water tank (208) is located in the cavity, and the water tank (208) is always lower than the gap, and the retreating water flowing in from the gap can enter the water tank (208), and the water tank (208) is hinged with the sand retaining plate (205) or the column (202). When the water The weight of the water tank (208) is greater than the counterweight (211), the water tank (208) rotates, the water in the water tank (208) is poured out, and after the water in the water tank (208) is poured out, it is reset under the gravity of the counterweight (211), one end of the second pull rope (209) is fixedly connected to the water tank (208), and the other end of the second pull rope (209) is fixedly connected to a bottoming block (210), and the bottoming block (210) is located outside the cavity. When the water tank (208) rotates, the bottoming block (210) can be lifted up, and the water tank (208) is reset. When the bottoming block (210) is in the position, the bottoming block (210) can touch the bottom, and the pull rope (209) is provided with an amplifying member (215) to enable the bottoming block (210) to have a sufficiently large displacement. The bottoming block (210) is provided with a trigger member (216), and the trigger member (216) moves along the locking frame (212). The locking frame (212) is constructed so that the sand guard plate (205) below the trigger member (216) is released, while the sand guard plate (205) above the trigger member (216) is still in a limited and supported state.

8. The water withdrawal structure for green dredging of silted areas in sand-rich reservoirs according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The water tank (208) is provided with a cover plate, and an inflow hole is provided on the cover plate, and the retreating water flows into the water tank (208) from the inflow hole. The cover plate is tilted or provided with an inclined surface.

9. The water withdrawal structure for green dredging of silted areas in sand-rich reservoirs according to claim 8, characterized in that: The locking frame (212) is provided with a retractable locking block (213); the sand baffle (205) is provided with a stopper (214) corresponding to the locking block (213); the stopper (214) is limited and supported by the locking block (213); a first magnet is provided at the end of the locking block (213); a second magnet corresponding to the locking block (213) is provided on the trigger member (216); when the trigger member (216) and the locking block (213) are positioned coincident, the locking block (213) is attracted by the trigger member (216), the locking block (213) retracts, and the sand baffle (205) is released; a damping is provided on the locking block (213), which can delay the retraction of the locking block (213) and prevent the locking block (213) from being accidentally touched; and in order to facilitate downward adjustment of the height of the notch, the locking block (213) is a wedge-shaped block.

10. A water withdrawal structure for green dredging of silted areas in a sand-rich reservoir according to claim 9, characterized in that: A moving block is provided inside the trigger member (216), the second magnet is arranged on the moving block, and the moving block is connected to a spring, the spring makes the moving block and the second magnet move away from the locking block (213); when the second magnet moves away from the locking block (213), the magnetic force of the two can overcome the spring connected to the moving block, but cannot overcome the spring connected to the locking block (213); when the second magnet approaches the locking block (213), the magnetic force can completely overcome the spring connected to the locking block (213).

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