Multi-supporting structure in wide roadway of mine
By adopting guided and multi-stage energy-absorbing support structures in wide tunnels of mines, the problem of vertical drop of support structures in the prior art during destruction is solved, and safe space retention and stability improvement during collapse is achieved .
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411356591.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-14
AI Technical Summary
The multi-support structures of the wide tunnels of the existing mine are prone to fall vertically when destroyed, making it difficult to create safe space when collapsed, resulting in collapse accidents.
Using guide and multi-stage energy absorption methods, a multi-stage protective structure is formed by combining columns, elastic support mechanisms, top beams, energy absorbers and falling beam guide mechanisms, and components such as guide columns, support springs, arc plates, etc. are used to form a multi-stage protective structure. Disperse and release stress during damage to form a safe space.
When mechanical structures are damaged, the buffering time is extended, the chance of safe evacuation is improved, and high stability and safe space are retained.
Smart Images
Figure CN119308702A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the field of mine support, in particular to a multiple support structure in a wide mine tunnel. Background Art
[0002] Mine excavation requires tunnel support and protection to prevent tunnel collapse and mining accidents. However, the wider area of the mine tunnel has a wider protection surface, which makes it very easy to collapse. Its support structure is difficult to form effective protection. Once the top support structure is damaged, the falling rocks will directly pass through the support structure and pile up in the tunnel.
[0003] The existing patent CN115341928A discloses a multiple support structure in a wide mine tunnel, which relates to the field of mine tunnel support technology, including: support frames; the support frames have two left and right groups, which are vertically distributed on the left and right sides of the wide mine tunnel respectively; a top support seat is longitudinally slidably installed on the upper end of the support frame; a linkage balance frame is laterally fixedly installed in the middle of the upper end of the top support seat; a fitting body is installed on the linkage balance frame; a guard plate is fixedly connected between the upper ends of the two opposite fitting bodies on the left and right by bolts.
[0004] Although it uses a portal structure to support a large protective surface, due to the self-weight of the structure and the fact that it only uses vertical supports, this type of structure tends to fall vertically when destroyed, making it difficult to create a safe space in the event of a collapse.
[0005] A multiple support structure in a wide mine tunnel is now needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention
[0006] The present invention aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, a portal structure is used to support a large protective surface, but due to its own weight and the use of only vertical support, such a structure tends to fall vertically when destroyed, making it difficult to create a safe space in the event of collapse. A multiple support structure in a wide mine tunnel is provided, which solves the above problem by adopting a guiding and multi-stage energy absorption method.
[0007] The present invention provides a multiple support structure in a wide mine tunnel, comprising a pair of columns, a plurality of elastic support mechanisms, a top beam, three pairs of energy absorbers and a beam-dropping guide mechanism, wherein the columns are vertically arranged at the two side wall positions of the same longitudinal position in the mine tunnel, the columns are evenly perforated columns, the column opening direction is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the elastic support mechanism is arranged in the column hole, the top beam is a horizontal structure, both ends of the top beam are fixedly arranged at the top of the column, the top beam supports the top of the tunnel, the energy absorbers are respectively arranged at the elastic working ends of the elastic support mechanisms located at the upper section, middle section and lower section of the column, the working end of the energy absorber arranged in the middle section of the column is arranged in the direction of the center line of the tunnel, the working ends of the energy absorber arranged in the upper section and the lower section of the column are opposite to the working end of the energy absorber arranged in the middle section of the column, the energy absorber is an arc-shaped plate rigid body energy absorber with an opening upward, the beam-dropping guide mechanism is a support rod structure with one end arranged on the column and the other end arranged in the middle of the top beam, and the beam-dropping guide mechanism is an oblique support rod.
[0008] The multiple support structure in a wide mine tunnel described in the present invention is, as a preferred embodiment, an elastic support mechanism including a guide column and a support spring. The guide column is a retractable lifting column. The support spring is arranged on the outer periphery of the guide column. The support spring is equal in length in the natural state to the maximum lifting state of the guide column. The top end of the guide column contacts the top surface of the hole of the column, and the bottom end of the guide column contacts the bottom surface of the hole of the column.
[0009] The multiple support structure in a wide mine tunnel described in the present invention is, as a preferred embodiment, an energy absorber including a cylinder, a sliding frame and an arc plate. The cylinder is a hollow cylinder, the lower surface of the cylinder contacts the top of the support spring, the middle of the cylinder passes through a guide column, the sliding frame is arranged on the axial outer surface of the cylinder, the arc plate is installed on the sliding frame, the arc plate has vertical freedom of movement relative to the sliding frame, the arc plate opens upward and is arranged outside the sliding frame, and the weight of the outer end of the arc plate is greater than the inner mounting end of the arc plate.
[0010] The multiple support structure in a wide mine tunnel described in the present invention is, as a preferred embodiment, a sliding frame including a pair of connecting plates and a sliding plate, the sliding plate is perpendicular to the radial line of the cylinder, the two connecting plates are vertically connected on both sides of the sliding plate, the vertical free edges of the connecting plates are connected to the cylinder, and the sliding plate is provided with a pair of vertical long holes, the long hole reference lines are parallel to the cylinder and are symmetrical with the radial line of the cylinder perpendicular to the sliding plate as the symmetry axis.
[0011] The present invention describes a multiple support structure in a wide mine tunnel. As a preferred embodiment, the arc plate includes an arc connecting plate, a slider plate and an energy release plate. The slider plate and the energy release plate are both flat structures. The slider plate and the energy release plate are parallel to each other. The arc connecting plate connects the bottom edge of the slider plate and the bottom edge of the energy release plate. The slider plate is provided with a pair of mounting holes. The slider plate and the sliding plate are bolted together. The vertical length of the energy release plate is greater than the vertical length of the slider plate. The horizontal length of the energy release plate is less than the horizontal length of the slider plate. The energy release plate, the slider plate and the arc connecting plate are symmetrical along the center line of the arc connecting plate.
[0012] The multiple support structure in a wide mine tunnel described in the present invention is preferably configured such that the spacing between the two long holes decreases from top to bottom.
[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0014] The present invention adopts a multi-stage protection structure. When the gantry support structure is destroyed, the beam guide mechanism first guides the beam to the side, so that a triangular area is formed between the beam and the column, forming a safe space in the collapsed structure. When the column is further destroyed, the column first releases stress through the hole to avoid stress concentration, and at the same time, rigid support is provided by the guide column and resilience is provided by the spring. When the column damage stress exceeds the elastic support mechanism, the weight above squeezes the spring downward. At this time, the energy absorber cooperates with the spring to press down, further releasing the internal stress to ensure the integrity of the column structure.
[0015] As the energy absorber slides down, the arc plate begins to move and absorb energy through the long hole on the energy absorber. The arc plate guides the stress in the opposite direction through the arc structure to achieve stress offset. When the stress exceeds the limit, the arc plate breaks at the arc position to achieve the final destructive energy absorption.
[0016] According to the above-mentioned multi-stage energy absorption structure, the support structure achieves high stability and retention of a safe space for collapse, and strives for as much buffer time as possible when the mechanical structure is destroyed, thereby increasing the probability of safe evacuation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a multiple support structure in a wide tunnel of a mine;
[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an elastic support mechanism for a multiple support structure in a wide mine tunnel;
[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a multiple support structure energy absorber in a wide mine tunnel;
[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a sliding frame with multiple support structures in a wide tunnel of a mine;
[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a multiple support structure arc plate in a wide mine tunnel.
[0022] Reference numerals:
[0023] 1. Column; 2. Elastic supporting mechanism; 21. Guide column; 22. Support spring; 3. Top beam; 4. Energy absorber; 41. Cylinder; 42. Sliding frame; 421. Connecting plate; 422. Sliding plate; 43. Arc plate; 431. Arc connecting plate; 432. Sliding block plate; 433. Energy release plate; 5. Drop beam guiding mechanism.
[0024] Specific interpretation method
[0025] The technical solutions in the examples of implementation of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the examples of implementation of the present invention. Obviously, the examples described are only part of the examples of implementation of the present invention, rather than all the examples.
[0026] Example 1
[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, a multiple support structure in a wide mine tunnel includes a pair of columns 1, a plurality of elastic support mechanisms 2, a top beam 3, three pairs of energy absorbers 4 and a beam drop guide mechanism 5. The columns 1 are vertically arranged at the two side walls of the same longitudinal position in the mine tunnel. The columns 1 are uniformly perforated columns 1. The opening direction of the columns 1 is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The elastic support mechanism is arranged in the hole of the column 1. The top beam 3 is a horizontal structure. The two ends of the top beam 3 are fixedly arranged at the top of the column 1. The top beam 3 supports the top of the tunnel. The energy absorbers 4 are respectively arranged The elastic working ends of the elastic supporting mechanism 2 are arranged at the upper, middle and lower sections of the column 1, the working end of the energy absorber 4 arranged in the middle section of the column 1 is arranged in the direction of the center line of the tunnel, the working ends of the energy absorber 4 arranged in the upper and lower sections of the column 1 are opposite to the working end of the energy absorber 4 arranged in the middle section of the column 1, the energy absorber 4 is a rigid energy absorber 4 with an arc plate 43 opening upward, the beam dropping guide mechanism 5 is a support rod structure with one end arranged on the column 1 and the other end arranged in the middle of the top beam 3, and the beam dropping guide mechanism 5 is an oblique support rod.
[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the elastic support mechanism 2 includes a guide column 21 and a support spring 22. The guide column 21 is a retractable lifting column. The support spring 22 is arranged on the outer periphery of the guide column 21. The support spring 22 is equal in length in the natural state to the maximum lifting state of the guide column 21. The top end of the guide column 21 contacts the top surface of the hole of the column 1, and the bottom end of the guide column 21 contacts the bottom surface of the hole of the column 1.
[0029] like Figure 3As shown, the energy absorber 4 includes a cylinder 41, a sliding frame 42 and an arc plate 43. The cylinder 41 is a hollow cylinder. The lower surface of the cylinder 41 contacts the top of the support spring 22. The middle of the cylinder 41 passes through the guide column 21. The sliding frame 42 is arranged on the axial outer surface of the cylinder 41. The arc plate 43 is installed on the sliding frame 42. The arc plate 43 has vertical freedom of movement relative to the sliding frame 42. The arc plate 43 opens upward and is arranged outside the sliding frame 42. The weight of the outer end of the arc plate 43 is greater than that of the inner mounting end of the arc plate 43.
[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, the sliding frame 42 includes a pair of connecting plates 421 and a sliding plate 422. The sliding plate 422 is perpendicular to the radial line of the cylinder 41. The two connecting plates 421 are vertically connected on both sides of the sliding plate 422. The vertical free edge of the connecting plate 421 is connected to the cylinder 41. The sliding plate 422 is provided with a pair of vertical long holes. The reference line of the long holes is parallel to the cylinder 41 and is symmetrical with the radial line of the cylinder 41 perpendicular to the sliding plate 422 as the symmetry axis.
[0031] like Figure 5 As shown, the arc plate 43 includes an arc connecting plate 431, a slider plate 432 and an energy release plate 433. The slider plate 432 and the energy release plate 433 are both flat structures. The slider plate 432 and the energy release plate 433 are parallel to each other. The arc connecting plate 431 connects the bottom edge of the slider plate 432 and the bottom edge of the energy release plate 433. The slider plate 432 is provided with a pair of mounting holes. The slider plate 432 is bolted to the sliding plate 422. The vertical length of the energy release plate 433 is greater than the vertical length of the slider plate 432. The horizontal length of the energy release plate 433 is less than the horizontal length of the slider plate 432. The energy release plate 433, the slider plate 432 and the arc connecting plate 431 are symmetrical along the center line of the arc connecting plate 431.
[0032] The distance between the two long holes decreases from top to bottom.
[0033] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A multiple support structure in a wide mine tunnel, characterized by: The invention comprises a pair of columns (1), a plurality of elastic support mechanisms (2), a top beam (3), three pairs of energy absorbers (4) and a beam drop guide mechanism (5), wherein the columns (1) are vertically arranged at the two side walls of the same longitudinal position in a mine tunnel, the columns (1) are evenly perforated columns (1), the opening direction of the columns (1) is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the elastic support mechanism is arranged in the hole of the columns (1), the top beam (3) is a horizontal structure, the two ends of the top beam (3) are fixedly arranged at the top of the columns (1), the top beam (3) supports the top of the tunnel, and the energy absorbers (4) are respectively arranged at the upper section of the columns (1). The elastic working ends of the elastic support mechanism (2) are arranged at the upper, middle and lower sections; the working end of the energy absorber (4) arranged at the middle section of the column (1) is arranged in the direction of the centerline of the tunnel; the working ends of the energy absorber (4) arranged at the upper and lower sections of the column (1) are opposite to the working end of the energy absorber (4) arranged at the middle section of the column (1); the energy absorber (4) is a rigid energy absorber (4) of an arc-shaped plate (43) with an opening facing upward; the beam-dropping guide mechanism (5) is a support rod structure with one end arranged on the column (1) and the other end arranged in the middle of the top beam (3); the beam-dropping guide mechanism (5) is an oblique support rod.
2. A multiple support structure in a wide mine tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic support mechanism (2) comprises a guide column (21) and a support spring (22); the guide column (21) is a retractable lifting column; the support spring (22) is arranged on the outer periphery of the guide column (21); the support spring (22) is equal in length in a natural state to the guide column (21) in a maximum lifting state; the top end of the guide column (21) contacts the top surface of the hole of the column (1); and the bottom end of the guide column (21) contacts the bottom surface of the hole of the column (1).
3. The multiple support structure in a wide mine tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy absorber (4) comprises a cylinder (41), a sliding frame (42) and an arc plate (43); the cylinder (41) is a hollow cylinder; the lower surface of the cylinder (41) contacts the top of the support spring (22); the middle of the cylinder (41) passes through the guide column (21); the sliding frame (42) is arranged on the axial outer surface of the cylinder (41); the arc plate (43) is installed on the sliding frame (42); the arc plate (43) has vertical freedom of movement relative to the sliding frame (42); the arc plate (43) opens upward and is arranged outside the sliding frame (42); the outer end of the arc plate (43) is heavier than the inner mounting end of the arc plate (43).
4. A multiple support structure in a wide mine tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sliding frame (42) comprises a pair of connecting plates (421) and a sliding plate (422), wherein the sliding plate (422) is perpendicular to the radial line of the cylinder (41), and the two vertical sides of the sliding plate (422) are respectively vertically connected to the two connecting plates (421), and the vertical free edge of the connecting plate (421) is connected to the cylinder (41), and the sliding plate (422) is provided with a pair of vertical long holes, wherein the long hole reference line is parallel to the cylinder (41) and is symmetrical with the radial line of the cylinder (41) perpendicular to the sliding plate (422) as the symmetry axis.
5. A multiple support structure in a wide mine tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The arc plate (43) comprises an arc connecting plate (431), a slider plate (432) and an energy release plate (433); the slider plate (432) and the energy release plate (433) are both flat plate structures; the slider plate (432) and the energy release plate (433) are parallel to each other; the arc connecting plate (431) connects the bottom edge of the slider plate (432) and the bottom edge of the energy release plate (433); the slider plate (432) is provided with a pair of mounting holes; the slider plate (432) and the sliding plate (422) are bolted together; the vertical length of the energy release plate (433) is greater than the vertical length of the slider plate (432); the horizontal length of the energy release plate (433) is less than the horizontal length of the slider plate (432); the energy release plate (433), the slider plate (432) and the arc connecting plate (431) are symmetrical along the center line of the arc connecting plate (431).
6. The multiple support structure in a wide mine tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between the two long holes decreases from top to bottom.