Adsorption decomposing agent for volatile harmful substances as well as preparation method and application of adsorption decomposing agent

Abstract

The invention discloses an adsorption decomposition agent for volatile harmful substances and a preparation method and application thereof, and the adsorption decomposition agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5%-6% of manganate active component, 5%-10% of oxidation catalyst, 2%-12% of surfactant, 0.0001%-0.1% of noble metal catalyst and 10%-80% of porous metal oxide carrier, the manganate active component, the oxidation catalyst, the surfactant and the noble metal catalyst are loaded on the porous metal oxide carrier. According to the technical scheme, the adsorption efficiency of volatile harmful substances such as formaldehyde can be effectively improved, and the adsorption capacity and the adsorption effect of the volatile harmful substances such as formaldehyde are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of adsorption and decomposition of volatile harmful substances, and in particular to an adsorption and decomposition agent for volatile harmful substances, a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Indoor pollution is mainly caused by the presence of a variety of volatile harmful substances in indoor air, such as formaldehyde, benzene, phenol, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and ethylene. Volatile harmful substances have various hazards to human health. Formaldehyde is a colorless, water-soluble gas with a pungent odor and is a toxic chemical. It is widely used in water-soluble coatings and its release period is as long as 3-15 years. The main harm of formaldehyde to humans is the irritation to the skin and mucous membranes. When the indoor formaldehyde reaches a certain concentration, it will cause red eyes, itchy eyes, throat discomfort or pain, hoarseness, sneezing, chest tightness, asthma, dermatitis, etc. Long-term inhalation of formaldehyde can cause nasopharyngeal cancer, laryngeal cancer and other serious diseases. Benzene and its derivatives (such as toluene and xylene) are good organic solvents and are widely used in solvent-based coatings. After being inhaled by the human body, benzene derivatives can produce an anesthetic effect on the central nervous system; inhibit the human body's hematopoietic function, reduce red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, and increase the incidence of aplastic anemia; they may also cause abnormal menstruation in women and congenital defects in the fetus. Phenol is a toxic substance that has a strong corrosive effect on the skin and mucous membranes. It can be absorbed through the skin and cause serious harm to human health. Hydrogen sulfide is a toxic gas that irritates the eyes, nose, and throat. Inhalation of high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide may cause coma and death. Ammonia has a volatilization period of 3 years. The hazards to human health include damage to cell membrane structure and oxygen transport function. Excessive ammonia concentration in the blood can be life-threatening. Ethylene is a common plant hormone. Its direct impact on human health is relatively small, but high concentrations of ethylene in industrial environments may irritate the eyes and respiratory tract.

[0003] In summary, the hazards of volatile harmful substances to human health include but are not limited to irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract, influence on the immune system, damage to the nervous system, influence on hematopoietic function, increase the risk of cancer, etc. Therefore, it is very important to reduce the exposure to indoor volatile substances, especially in the newly renovated environment, measures should be taken to reduce the concentration of these substances to protect human health.

[0004] However, the existing adsorption and decomposition agents for volatile harmful substances on the market have problems such as low adsorption efficiency, poor stability, and unsatisfactory decomposition effect. Therefore, we propose an adsorption and decomposition agent for volatile harmful substances, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an adsorption decomposition agent for volatile harmful substances and a preparation method and application thereof, aiming to solve the technical problems of low adsorption efficiency, poor stability and unsatisfactory decomposition effect of existing adsorption decomposition agents for volatile harmful substances.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the adsorption decomposition agent of volatile harmful substances proposed in the present invention contains, by mass percentage, 0.5% to 6% of manganate active components, 5% to 10% of oxidation catalysts, 2% to 12% of surfactants, 0.0001% to 0.1% of noble metal catalysts and 10% to 80% of porous metal oxide carriers, wherein the manganate active components, oxidation catalysts, surfactants and noble metal catalysts are all loaded on the porous metal oxide carriers.

[0007] Optionally, the manganate active component is one or more of sodium permanganate, lithium permanganate, calcium permanganate, potassium permanganate and barium permanganate.

[0008] Optionally, the oxidation catalyst is silver sulfate.

[0009] Optionally, the surfactant is one or more of diethanolamine, triethanolamine, polyvinyl alcohol, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, and polyethylene glycol.

[0010] Optionally, the noble metal catalyst is a two-component noble metal catalyst of silver ions and platinum ions.

[0011] Optionally, the porous metal oxide carrier is one of Al2O3, TiO2, SiO2, molecular sieve, Co3O4 and Mn2O3.

[0012] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned adsorption and decomposition agent for volatile harmful substances, comprising the following steps: S100, pouring the oxidation catalyst into the manganate active component solution according to proportion, stirring evenly, to obtain a uniform manganate active component mixed solution; S200, pouring the surfactant into the mixed solution of the manganate active component in step S100 according to the proportion, and stirring evenly; S300, pouring the noble metal catalyst into the solution obtained in step S200 in proportion and stirring evenly; S400, fully stirring the aqueous solution obtained in step S300, then letting it stand, and then filtering and washing in sequence after standing; S500, pouring the porous metal oxide carrier into the solution obtained in step S400 in proportion, stirring evenly, and then soaking for a certain period of time so that the solution obtained in step S400 is loaded into the pores of the porous metal oxide carrier; S600, filtering, washing, drying and then grinding the solution obtained in step S500 to obtain an adsorption decomposition agent.

[0013] Optionally, in step S500, the solution obtained in step S400 may be sprayed onto the porous metal oxide support through a high-pressure spray gun, so that the solution obtained in step S400 is loaded into the pores of the porous metal oxide support.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention further provides a use of the above-mentioned adsorption decomposition agent for volatile harmful substances, wherein the adsorption decomposition agent is used for adsorption and decomposition of volatile harmful substances.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the technical solution of the present invention uses sodium permanganate and lithium permanganate as active components and alumina balls as porous metal oxide carriers. The active components are loaded onto the alumina balls by spraying or soaking. The porous metal oxide carrier not only plays a mechanical bearing role for the manganate active components, but also has voids inside and a higher specific surface area. It can also increase the active surface area of ​​the catalyst, improve the dispersion of the active components, and have a higher adsorption efficiency and adsorption capacity for volatile harmful substances such as formaldehyde, greatly improving the adsorption capacity and adsorption effect of volatile harmful substances such as formaldehyde; the metal oxide carrier with a porous structure has a certain catalytic ability in addition to a high specific surface area. The specific pore structure of this type of material is conducive to the adsorption of oxygen, promotes the increase of surface oxygen concentration, and improves the catalytic reaction activity of the adsorption decomposition agent, thereby effectively improving the adsorption efficiency and decomposition effect of the adsorption decomposition agent on harmful volatile substances. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for preparing an adsorption and decomposition agent for volatile harmful substances according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0021] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in the field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0022] The invention provides an adsorption decomposition agent for volatile harmful substances and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, the adsorption decomposition agent of volatile harmful substances contains, by mass percentage, 0.5% to 6% of manganate active components, 5% to 10% of oxidation catalysts, 2% to 12% of surfactants, 0.0001% to 0.1% of precious metal catalysts and 10% to 80% of porous metal oxide carriers, and the manganate active components, oxidation catalysts, surfactants and precious metal catalysts are all loaded on the porous metal oxide carrier.

[0024] Specifically, the active component of manganate is one or more of sodium permanganate, lithium permanganate, calcium permanganate, potassium permanganate and barium permanganate. Sodium permanganate and lithium permanganate, as an important chemical substance, play an important role in the field of environmental protection. It has strong oxidizing and disinfecting functions and can be used in water treatment, waste gas purification and solid waste treatment. Lithium permanganate can convert harmful gases into harmless substances through oxidation reactions, reduce the concentration of toxic and harmful substances in the air, and reduce pollution to the atmosphere. In addition, lithium permanganate can also be used in waste gas treatment processes such as dust removal and desulfurization, effectively removing pollutants such as particulate matter and sulfur dioxide in waste gas.

[0025] Specifically, the oxidation catalyst is silver sulfate, which can promote the full oxidation of reducing substances in the air.

[0026] Specifically, the surfactant is one or more of diethanolamine, triethanolamine, polyvinyl alcohol, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, and polyethylene glycol, which can effectively improve the stability and adsorption and decomposition efficiency of the active components of the adsorption and decomposition agent.

[0027] Specifically, the precious metal catalyst is a two-component precious metal catalyst of silver ions and platinum ions. The catalyst has a high surface silver ion and platinum ion content and tiny metal particles caused by the synergistic effect of the two metals, which enables it to have more adsorbed oxygen species and is more conducive to the transport of intermediates and adsorbed oxygen, thereby accelerating the oxidation reaction rate and improving the catalytic activity.

[0028] Specifically, the porous metal oxide carrier is one of Al2O3, TiO2, SiO2, molecular sieve, Co3O4 and Mn2O3. The porous metal oxide carrier is an adsorbable material with extremely large pores and large specific surface area, which can effectively adsorb volatile organic compounds in the air. Its dual mechanism of physical adsorption and chemical adsorption can effectively adsorb volatile organic compounds in the air. Al2O3 is an efficient adsorption material with an amorphous microporous structure, which is mainly composed of a glass structure and can adsorb a variety of gases and volatile organic compounds. Molecular sieve is an adsorption material with a microporous crystal structure, whose pore size and adsorption capacity can be adjusted, and can efficiently remove liquid and gaseous volatile organic compounds.

[0029] On the other hand, Figure 1 As shown, the present invention also proposes a method for preparing the above-mentioned adsorption and decomposition agent for volatile harmful substances, comprising the following steps: S100, pouring the oxidation catalyst into the manganate active component solution according to proportion, stirring evenly, to obtain a uniform manganate active component mixed solution; S200, pouring the surfactant into the mixed solution of the manganate active component in step S100 according to the proportion, and stirring evenly; S300, pouring the noble metal catalyst into the solution obtained in step S200 in proportion and stirring evenly; S400, fully stirring the aqueous solution obtained in step S300, then letting it stand, and then filtering and washing in sequence after standing; S500, pouring the porous metal oxide carrier into the solution obtained in step S400 in proportion, stirring evenly, and then soaking for a certain period of time so that the solution obtained in step S400 is loaded into the pores of the porous metal oxide carrier; S600, filtering, washing, drying and then grinding the solution obtained in step S500 to obtain an adsorption decomposition agent.

[0030] Specifically, in step S500, the solution obtained in step S400 can be loaded into the pores of the porous metal oxide support by spraying the solution obtained in step S400 onto the porous metal oxide support through a high-pressure spray gun.

[0031] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned adsorption decomposition agent for volatile harmful substances, wherein the adsorption decomposition agent is used for adsorption and decomposition of volatile harmful substances.

[0032] Specifically, the working principle and process of the present invention are: The adsorption and decomposition agent for volatile harmful substances prepared by the present invention uses sodium permanganate and lithium permanganate as active components and aluminum oxide balls as porous metal oxide carriers. The active components are loaded onto the aluminum oxide balls by spraying or soaking. The porous metal oxide carrier not only plays a mechanical bearing role for the manganate active components, but also has voids inside and a higher specific surface area. It can also increase the active surface area of ​​the catalyst, improve the dispersion of the active components, and have higher adsorption efficiency and adsorption capacity for volatile harmful substances such as formaldehyde, thereby greatly improving the adsorption capacity and adsorption effect of volatile harmful substances such as formaldehyde.

[0033] In addition to having a high specific surface area, the metal oxide carrier with a porous structure also has a certain catalytic ability. The specific pore structure of this type of material is conducive to the adsorption of oxygen, promotes the increase of surface oxygen concentration, and improves the catalytic reaction activity of the adsorption decomposition agent, thereby effectively improving the adsorption efficiency and decomposition effect of the adsorption decomposition agent on harmful volatile substances.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adsorption decomposition agent for volatile harmful substances, characterized in that: In terms of mass percentage, the adsorption decomposition agent contains 0.5% to 6% of manganate active components, 5% to 10% of oxidation catalysts, 2% to 12% of surfactants, 0.0001% to 0.1% of noble metal catalysts and 10% to 80% of porous metal oxide carriers, and the manganate active components, oxidation catalysts, surfactants and noble metal catalysts are all loaded on the porous metal oxide carriers.

2. The adsorption and decomposition agent for volatile harmful substances according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manganate active component is one or more of sodium permanganate, lithium permanganate, calcium permanganate, potassium permanganate and barium permanganate.

3. The adsorption and decomposition agent for volatile harmful substances according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxidation catalyst is silver sulfate.

4. The adsorption and decomposition agent for volatile harmful substances according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfactant is one or more of diethanolamine, triethanolamine, polyvinyl alcohol, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and polyethylene glycol.

5. The adsorption and decomposition agent for volatile harmful substances according to claim 1, characterized in that: The noble metal catalyst is a two-component noble metal catalyst of silver ions and platinum ions.

6. The adsorption and decomposition agent for volatile harmful substances according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous metal oxide carrier is one of Al2O3, TiO2, SiO2, molecular sieve, Co3O4 and Mn2O3.

7. A method for preparing the adsorption and decomposition agent for volatile harmful substances according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S100, pouring the oxidation catalyst into the manganate active component solution according to proportion, stirring evenly, to obtain a uniform manganate active component mixed solution; S200, pouring the surfactant into the mixed solution of the manganate active component in step S100 according to the proportion, and stirring evenly; S300, pouring the noble metal catalyst into the solution obtained in step S200 in proportion and stirring evenly; S400, fully stirring the aqueous solution obtained in step S300, then letting it stand, and then filtering and washing in sequence after standing; S500, pouring the porous metal oxide carrier into the solution obtained in step S400 in proportion, stirring evenly, and then soaking for a certain period of time so that the solution obtained in step S400 is loaded into the pores of the porous metal oxide carrier; S600, filtering, washing, drying and then grinding the solution obtained in step S500 to obtain an adsorption decomposition agent.

8. The method for preparing the adsorption and decomposition agent for volatile harmful substances according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S500, the solution obtained in step S400 can also be loaded into the pores of the porous metal oxide support by spraying the solution obtained in step S400 onto the porous metal oxide support through a high-pressure spray gun.

9. Use of the adsorption and decomposition agent for volatile harmful substances according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The adsorption decomposition agent is used for adsorption and decomposition of volatile harmful substances.

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