Car coupler assembling device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a car coupler assembling device and method. The device comprises an assembly table body, a positioning bearing mechanism and a coupler lifting rod mechanism, the assembly table body comprises a front plate, a first supporting structure and a second supporting structure, the first supporting structure is installed on the front side of the front plate, and the second supporting structure is installed on the rear side of the front plate; the positioning and supporting mechanism comprises a coupler bracket and a tail hanging structure, the coupler bracket is mounted on the first supporting structure, and the tail hanging structure is mounted on the second supporting structure; a window I is formed in the front plate, the tail hanging structure is located at the window I, and the tail of the car coupler penetrates through the window I to be connected with the tail hanging structure. The car coupler lifting rod mechanism is fixed to the front plate and located above the first supporting structure, and the car coupler lifting rod mechanism is connected with an upper lock pin of the car coupler. The car coupler assembling difficulty can be reduced, the assembling efficiency is improved, and the assembling precision and reliability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of locomotive manufacturing, and in particular to a coupler assembly device and method. Background Art

[0002] The coupler is an important component for connecting the locomotive and the vehicle or between the vehicles. It plays an important role in coupling, traction and buffering when the locomotive is running. The coupler is composed of a hook body and a hook head. The hook head is mainly used to connect the vehicle, the hook body is used to transmit traction and impact force, the hook tail is used to install the hook tail frame, and the hook cavity is equipped with hook tongue, hook tongue pin, hook lock iron, hook tongue push iron, hook lifting pin and other accessories. Through the interaction of these accessories, the coupler has three action positions: locked, unlocked and fully opened to complete the function of vehicle coupling and separation. The hook body, hook cavity, hook tongue, hook lock and other small parts of the hook cavity are complex in shape and are all cast. The shape and size accuracy cannot be compared with machined parts. TB / T 456.2 "Automatic Coupler Buffer Device for Locomotives and Vehicles Part 2: Automatic Coupler and Accessories" clearly requires that the hook cavity assembly must ensure normal operation, the parts of the same type of couplers should be interchangeable, the hook tongues and hook cavity small parts of different types of couplers should be interchangeable, and the three-state action inspection and anti-jump performance inspection must be carried out. In order to meet the above requirements, improve assembly accuracy and reliability, facilitate the disassembly, installation and replacement of parts during the assembly process, and highly simulate the actual situation of the locomotive, it is necessary to design a new and practical coupler assembly method and device.

[0003] Existing 102 type top-acting coupler assembly workflow:

[0004] Lift the 102-type coupler hook body to the front of the workbench, align the tail of the hook body with the workbench fixed frame, insert the tail of the hook body into the fixed frame, the lower plane of the hook tail sits on the bearing platform, and insert the fixing pin. After confirming that the hook body is stable, withdraw the sling.

[0005] Assemble the coupler, install the small parts of the hook cavity into the hook body cavity, lift the locking pin by hand after assembly, check the opening and closing status of the coupler, and use standard templates to test each test point of the coupler. After each test point is qualified, paste the coupler QR code and draw the center line.

[0006] After the assembly process is completed, the hook is lifted steadily off the assembly table. During this process, care must be taken to prevent any bumps on the processed surface.

[0007] The existing coupler transfer process has the following disadvantages:

[0008] (1) The current coupler has no dedicated assembly device, and the operating table is low. When installing small parts in the hook cavity and testing the sample, the operator needs to squat, which makes assembly difficult.

[0009] (2) The current support and fixing mechanism of the hook operating platform is relatively simple. If the operator fails to place and adjust it properly during lifting, the hook head will sink slightly and the hook tail will tilt slightly, which may easily cause the subsequent center line to be distorted. At the same time, the fixing pin will be stuck on the lower inner wall edge of the hook tail hole bushing, and it cannot be fully positioned after placement. If a large shake occurs during assembly, the inner wall edge of the hook tail hole bushing will be worn.

[0010] (3) After the assembly inspection in the factory and after installation on the locomotive, the operator needs to confirm that the three-state status of the coupler is good, namely unlocked, fully open, and locked. After installation on the locomotive, the operator will use a complete set of coupler lifting rod mechanisms used when the locomotive is coupled to complete the three-state inspection of the coupler. However, when inspecting on the current assembly table, because there is no lifting rod mechanism, the operator will lift the locking pin assembly by hand to complete the three-state process inspection. Compared with the manual lifting of the locking pin assembly inspection, when using the coupler lifting rod inspection, an angled force will be applied to the locking pin assembly, and the two inspection environments will be different. There is a probability that the inspection on the assembly table will pass, but when it is installed on the locomotive to simulate actual use inspection, the unlocking is stuck, there is no unlocking state, etc., which affects the quality of the coupler. Summary of the invention

[0011] According to the technical problem raised above, a coupler assembly device is provided. The present invention mainly involves hoisting the hook body into the assembly device through a hoist, inserting the rear end of the hook body into the two tail hanging plates of the assembly device, hoisting the hook body on the coupler bracket, inserting the tail hole fixing pin, removing the hoist, and then assembling the coupler. After the assembly is completed, the hoist ring is connected to the locking pin through bolts, the left and right lifting rods are rotated to perform a three-state action inspection, and other inspections are performed. After the inspection is qualified, the coupler is hoisted and removed, thereby realizing the coupler assembly.

[0012] The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0013] A coupler assembly device, comprising: an assembly platform body, a positioning support mechanism and a coupler lifting rod mechanism, wherein the assembly platform body comprises a front plate, a first supporting structure and a second supporting structure, wherein the first supporting structure is mounted on the front side of the front plate, and the second supporting structure is mounted on the rear side of the front plate;

[0014] The positioning support mechanism comprises a coupler bracket and a tail hanging structure, wherein the coupler bracket is mounted on a first supporting structure and the tail hanging structure is mounted on a second supporting structure;

[0015] A window I is formed on the front plate, the tail hanging structure is located at the window I, and the tail of the coupler passes through the window I and is connected to the tail hanging structure;

[0016] The coupler lifting rod mechanism is fixed on the front plate and is located above the first supporting structure. The coupler lifting rod mechanism is connected to the upper locking pin of the coupler.

[0017] Further, the first supporting structure includes channel steel, an enclosure, a bent plate, plate I, plate II, plate III, a bottom plate I and a top plate, the rear side of the enclosure is welded to the front side of the front plate, the top plate is transversely welded to the top of the enclosure, and the rear side of the top plate is welded to the front side of the front plate, the front side of the enclosure is provided with a front plate I, the bottom plate I is welded to the bottom of the front plate I, a window II is provided between the bottom plate I and the bottom of the enclosure, the window II is connected to the window I, the body of the coupler is located in the window II, the bent plate is welded to the front side of the front plate I, the plate I is welded to the top of the bent plate, the plates II and III are respectively welded to the two sides of the bottom of the enclosure, the plates II and III are respectively welded with channel steels, and the coupler bracket is fixed to the channel steels on both sides.

[0018] Furthermore, the second supporting structure includes two plates IV and a rib plate, the two plates IV are welded at intervals on the rear side of the front plate, the two plates IV are located on both sides of the window I, and the rib plate is welded between the two plates IV.

[0019] Furthermore, the tail hanging structure includes a tail hanging plate, a tail hanging front plate and a tail hole fixing pin. The tail hanging plates are provided with two pieces, which are arranged in an upper and lower interval; the two sides of each tail hanging plate are welded to the front plate and the two plates IV, the tail hanging front plate is welded to the front side of the two tail hanging plates, the rear gap of the coupler is plugged into the two tail hanging plates, the two tail hanging plates are provided with coaxial mounting holes, and the tail hole fixing pin is plugged into the mounting hole and the tail hook hole of the coupler to fix the rear of the coupler.

[0020] Furthermore, the surface of the coupler bracket is covered with thin rubber.

[0021] Furthermore, the assembly table body also includes a third support structure, and the third support structure is provided with two groups, which are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides below the front plate; the third support structure includes three support plates, and the three support plates constitute a triangular stable support structure.

[0022] Furthermore, the coupler lifting rod mechanism includes a fixed structure, a left lifting rod, a lifting ring, a right lifting rod and a lifting ring. The fixed structure is installed on the front plate and arranged on the left and right sides; the left lifting rod is connected to the fixed structure on the left side, and the right lifting rod is connected to the fixed structure on the right side. The two ends of the lifting ring are respectively connected to the left lifting rod and the right lifting rod, and the lifting ring is suspended on the lifting ring. The bottom of the lifting ring is connected to the upper locking pin of the coupler by bolts.

[0023] Furthermore, the fixing structure is provided with multiple groups, including a bottom plate II and a vertical plate, the bottom plate II is connected to the front plate by bolts, the vertical plate is welded to the bottom plate II, the vertical plate is provided with a through hole, and the left lifting rod and the right lifting rod are connected through the through holes of the vertical plate.

[0024] Furthermore, the height of the assembly platform body is 1.3 meters.

[0025] The present invention also provides an assembly method of a coupler assembly device, comprising the following steps:

[0026] Step 1: Lifting the hook body: Lift the hook into the assembly device through the lifting device;

[0027] Step 2: Insert the rear end of the hook into the two tail hanging plates of the assembly device, hang the hook body on the hook bracket, insert the tail hole fixing pin, remove the lifting device, and then assemble the hook;

[0028] Step 3: Press-fit the hook ear hole bushing and the hook tail pin bushing;

[0029] Step 4: Place the hook body cavity rotating template into the hook body, push against the inserted pin, and check the clearance between the upper and lower traction flanges of the hook body and the template, and the clearance between the upper and lower impact shoulders and the template;

[0030] Step 5: Apply dry grease to the contact area between the hook cavity and the small part of the hook cavity;

[0031] Step 6: Place the hook tongue push iron, place the hook lock, and install the locking pin assembly to connect it with the hook lock and the hook body;

[0032] Step 7. Lift the locking pin to assemble, drive the hook lock to sit on the locking surface of the hook tongue push iron seat, rotate the hook tongue push iron to stick to the hook tongue bearing wall, screw in the hook tongue, and install the hook tongue pin;

[0033] Step 8: Open and close the coupler repeatedly during assembly to ensure smooth opening and closing;

[0034] Step 9. After assembly, connect the lifting ring and the locking pin of the hook with bolts, and rotate the left and right lifting rods to check the three-state action and anti-jump performance;

[0035] Step 10, three-state action inspection: Use your hands to continuously and steadily turn the left and right lifting rods until the hook tongue reaches the fully open position. Use your hands to continuously and steadily push the hook tongue nose and hook tongue to rotate to the fully closed state. At the same time, the hook lock smoothly falls to the locked position. At this time, the coupler is in the anti-jump protection state. Lift the locking pin by hand to raise the hook lock in the locked position above the tail of the hook tongue. During this process, the hook tongue does not rotate and the coupler is still in the locked position. When the locking pin is released to make the hook lock fall, the hook lock sits on the front top surface of the lock seat of the hook tongue push iron. At this time, pull the inner wrist of the hook tongue, and the hook tongue can freely rotate to the fully open position.

[0036] Step 11. Anti-jump performance inspection: insert a special tool between the hook lock leg and the front wall of the lock hole under the hook body, and place the hook lock leg at the required position against the hook body. At the same time, insert a crowbar between the lock surface of the front seat of the hook lock and the hook tongue support, and pry up the hook lock. Do not unlock it; check that the gaps at each position are qualified and the special gauge is smooth;

[0037] Step 12: Remove the hook after passing the inspection.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0039] 1. The present invention can reduce the difficulty of coupler assembly, improve assembly efficiency, and improve assembly accuracy and reliability. It can also facilitate the disassembly, installation, replacement and assembly of parts during the assembly process. It can simulate the actual connection situation during inspection to avoid the failure to detect situations such as unlocking stuck and no unlocking state due to different inspection environments. It can greatly improve the quality of coupler products and avoid defective products from leaving the factory.

[0040] 2. The present invention hoists the hook body into the assembly device through a hoist, inserts the rear end of the hook body into the two tail hanging plates of the assembly device, hangs the hook body on the hook bracket, inserts the tail hole fixing pin, removes the hoist, and then assembles the hook. After the assembly is completed, the lifting ring and the locking pin are connected by bolts, the left and right lifting rods are rotated to perform a three-state action inspection, and other inspections are performed. After the inspection is qualified, the hook is hoisted and removed, thereby realizing the assembly of the hook.

[0041] Based on the above reasons, the present invention can be widely promoted in the fields of coupler assembly and the like. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0043] Figure 1 A front perspective view of the present invention with a coupler assembled.

[0044] Figure 2 A rear perspective view of the present invention with a coupler installed.

[0045] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Rear view of.

[0046] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Front view of .

[0047] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Bottom view of .

[0048] Figure 6 It is a front perspective view of the device of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 7 It is a rear perspective view of the device of the present invention.

[0050] In the figure: 1. channel steel; 2. enclosure; 3. bent plate; 4. plate I; 5. plate II; 6. plate III; 7. bottom plate I; 8. top plate; 9. front plate; 10. plate IV; 11. rib plate; 12. coupler bracket; 13. coupler; 14. tail hanging plate; 15. tail hanging front plate; 16. support plate; 17. bottom plate II; 18. vertical plate; 19. left lifting rod; 20. lifting ring; 21. right lifting rod; 22. lifting ring; 23. tail hole fixing pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0054] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0056] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0057] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] The present invention provides a coupler assembly device. By designing a new coupler assembly device, the difficulty of coupler assembly is reduced, the assembly accuracy and reliability are improved, and the disassembly, installation and replacement of parts are facilitated during the assembly process, the accuracy of coupler inspection is improved, the actual situation of the locomotive is highly simulated, and the production efficiency and quality are both improved.

[0060] The coupler assembly device of the present invention is composed of three parts: an assembly platform body, a positioning support mechanism, and a coupler lifting rod mechanism:

[0061] 1. The main body of the assembly table is welded from 19 pieces of 8-10mm thick steel plates. It plays the role of carrying the hook and installing the other two mechanisms. Because the weight of the hook after assembly reaches 230KG, the weight is large, and the impact force is inevitable during hoisting, the welding edge of each plate opens a 45° welding groove to ensure the strength of the main body after welding. The corresponding positions of each plate reserve bolt mounting holes for the other two parts. In order to reduce the difficulty of assembly, the height of the assembly table is increased. When the hook is assembled, the hook head is heavy and the overall tendency is forward. In the inspection link, the lifting rod needs to be rotated frequently, and the shaking is large. In order to avoid overturning, the length of the two side tripods is increased. The length after the increase is 0.9 meters, and the front end of the hook head is 0.5 meters. At the same time, the lower end of the front plate is not hollowed out to reduce weight to lower the center of gravity of the main body, increase the weight of the main body, and ensure stable assembly.

[0062] 2. The positioning support mechanism consists of a hook bracket 12, a tail hanging plate 14 and a tail hole fixing pin 23. The hook bracket 12 is bolted to the reserved hole of the assembly platform body, the tail hanging plate 14 is welded to the assembly platform body, and the tail hole fixing pin 23 is an independent part. When hoisting the hook, the inner gear of the tail of the hook 13 needs to be aligned with the upper and lower tail hanging plates 14 and slowly pushed to the bottom, and the hook body is placed on the hook bracket 12. After it is stable, the tail hole fixing pin 23 is inserted into the tail hole of the hook. At this time, the hook is completely positioned and will not be displaced. In order to adapt to the slight changes in the hook body size caused by casting tolerances, the surface of the hook bracket 12 is covered with a thin rubber to avoid wear.

[0063] 3. The hook lifting rod mechanism (hook traction buffer device) is composed of a base plate 17, a vertical plate 18, a left lifting rod 19, a right lifting rod 21, a lifting ring 20, and a lifting ring 22. The vertical plate 18 is welded to the base plate 17, and the base plate 17 is connected to the front plate 9 of the assembly table body by bolts. After the left lifting rod 19, the right lifting rod 21, the lifting ring 20, and the lifting ring 22 are assembled, they are inserted into the holes of the vertical plate 18. In this embodiment, the base plate 17 and the vertical plate 18 are provided with four groups, two groups on the left and two groups on the left. This hook lifting rod mechanism completely simulates the real hook state when the hook is connected. When checking the three states, the lifting ring 22 is connected to the locking pin of the hook 13 by bolts, and the left and right lifting rods are rotated to open and close the hook 13.

[0064] The present invention hoists the hook body (hook 13) into the assembly device through the hoist, inserts the rear end of the hook body into the two tail hanging plates 14 of the assembly device, hangs the hook body on the hook bracket 12, inserts the tail hole fixing pin 23, removes the hoist, and then assembles the hook. After the assembly is completed, the lifting ring 22 is connected to the locking pin through bolts, and the left and right lifting rods are rotated to perform a three-state action inspection, and other inspections are performed. After the inspection is qualified, the hook 13 is hoisted and removed.

[0065] Taking the assembly process of the 102 type coupler 13 as an example, it specifically includes:

[0066] Step 1: Lift the hook body and place it on the assembly workbench (assembly device) to assemble the coupler;

[0067] Step 2: Press-fit the hook ear hole bushing and the hook tail pin bushing;

[0068] Step 3: Place the hook body cavity rotating template into the hook body, push against the inserted pin, and check the clearance between the upper and lower traction flanges of the hook body and the template, and the clearance between the upper and lower impact shoulders and the template;

[0069] Step 4: Apply dry grease to the contact area between the hook cavity and the small part of the hook cavity;

[0070] Step 5: Place the hook tongue push iron, place the hook lock, and install the locking pin assembly to connect it with the hook lock and the hook body;

[0071] Step 6. Lift the locking pin to assemble, drive the hook lock to sit on the locking surface of the hook tongue push iron seat, rotate the hook tongue push iron to stick to the hook tongue bearing wall, screw in the hook tongue, and install the hook tongue pin;

[0072] Step 7: Open and close the coupler repeatedly during assembly to ensure smooth opening and closing;

[0073] Step 8, three-state action inspection: Use your hand to turn the lifting rod steadily and continuously, the hook tongue should reach the fully open position, use your hand to push the hook tongue nose steadily and continuously, the hook tongue should turn to the fully closed state and the hook lock should smoothly fall to the locked position. At this time, the coupler is in the anti-jump protection state. Lift the locking pin by hand to raise the hook lock in the locked position above the tail of the hook tongue. During this process, the hook tongue should not turn and the coupler is still in the locked position. When the locking pin is released to make the hook lock fall, the hook lock should be located on the front top surface of the lock seat of the hook tongue push iron. At this time, pull the inner wrist of the hook tongue, and the hook tongue should be able to freely turn to the fully open position;

[0074] Step 9, anti-jump performance inspection: insert a special tool between the hook lock leg and the front wall of the lock hole under the hook body, and place the hook lock leg at the required position against the hook body. At the same time, insert a crowbar between the lock surface of the front seat of the hook lock and the hook tongue support, and pry up the hook lock. Do not open the lock. Check that the gaps at each position are qualified and the special gauge is smooth.

[0075] Key technical points and points to be protected of the present invention: 1. Combined structure of the coupler assembly platform and the assembly platform body, positioning support mechanism, and coupler lifting rod mechanism structure. 2. Method for assembling the hook body, hook tongue, and small parts of the hook cavity using the device. 3. Method for three-state inspection of the coupler using the device. 4. Method for anti-jump performance inspection using the device.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] like Figure 1-7As shown, a coupler assembly device of the present invention comprises: an assembly platform body, a positioning support mechanism and a coupler lifting rod mechanism, the assembly platform body comprises a front plate 9, a first supporting structure and a second supporting structure, the first supporting structure is mounted on the front side of the front plate 9, and the second supporting structure is mounted on the rear side of the front plate 9;

[0078] The positioning support mechanism includes a coupler bracket 12 and a tail hanging structure, the coupler bracket 12 is mounted on a first supporting structure, and the tail hanging structure is mounted on a second supporting structure;

[0079] A window I is formed on the front plate 9, and the tail hanging structure is located at the window I. The tail of the coupler 13 passes through the window I and is connected to the tail hanging structure.

[0080] The coupler lifting rod mechanism is fixed on the front plate 9 and is located above the first supporting structure. The coupler lifting rod mechanism is connected to the upper locking pin of the coupler 13 .

[0081] Preferably, the first supporting structure includes channel steel 1, enclosure 2, bent plate 3, plate I4, plate II5, plate III6, bottom plate I7 ​​and top plate 8. The first supporting structure is consistent with the actual locomotive structure and can efficiently simulate the actual loading state. The rear side of the enclosure 2 is welded to the front side of the front plate 9, the top plate 8 is transversely welded to the top of the enclosure 2, and the rear side of the top plate 8 is welded to the front side of the front plate 9. The front side of the enclosure 2 is provided with a front plate I, the bottom plate I7 ​​is welded to the bottom of the front plate I, and a window II is provided between the bottom plate I7 ​​and the bottom of the enclosure 2, and the window II is connected to the window I. The body of the coupler 13 is located in the window II, the bent plate 3 is welded to the front side of the front plate I, the plate I4 is welded to the top of the bent plate 3, the plate II5 and the plate III6 are respectively welded to the two sides of the bottom of the enclosure 2, the plate II5 and the plate III6 are respectively welded with channel steel 1, and the coupler bracket 12 is fixed to the channel steel 1 on both sides.

[0082] Preferably, the second support structure includes two plates IV10 and a rib plate 11, the plate IV10 is connected to the tail hanging plate 14, the rib plate 11 is connected to the plate IV10, the strength of the tail support structure is increased, and a weight reduction hole is cut out in the center. The two plates IV10 are welded to the rear side of the front plate 9 at intervals, the two plates IV10 are located on both sides of the window I, and the rib plate 11 is welded between the two plates IV10.

[0083] Preferably, the tail hanging structure includes a tail hanging plate 14, a tail hanging front plate 15 and a tail hole fixing pin 23. The tail hanging plate 14 is provided with two pieces, which are arranged in an upper and lower interval; the two sides of each tail hanging plate 14 are welded to the front plate 9 and the two plates IV10, the tail hanging front plate 15 is welded to the front sides of the two tail hanging plates 14, the rear gap of the coupler 13 is plugged into the two tail hanging plates 14, and the two tail hanging plates 14 are provided with coaxial mounting holes. The tail hole fixing pin 23 is plugged into the mounting hole and the tail hook tail hole of the coupler 13 to fix the rear of the coupler 13.

[0084] Preferably, the surface of the coupler bracket 12 is covered with a thin rubber.

[0085] Preferably, the assembly table body further includes a third support structure, which is provided with two groups and respectively fixedly connected to the two sides below the front plate 9; the third support structure includes three support plates 16, and the three support plates 16 constitute a triangular stable support structure.

[0086] Preferably, the height of the assembly platform body is 1.3 meters, of which the height of the end assembly plates (plate II5 and plate III6) is 0.7 meters, and the height of the traction operation lifting rod position is 1 meter, which is equivalent to the waist height of the operator, making operation convenient.

[0087] Preferably, the coupler lifting rod mechanism includes a fixed structure, a left lifting rod 19, a lifting ring 20, a right lifting rod 21 and a lifting ring 22. The fixed structure is installed on the front plate 9 and is arranged on the left and right sides; the left lifting rod 19 is connected to the fixed structure on the left, the right lifting rod 21 is connected to the fixed structure on the right, the two ends of the lifting ring 20 are respectively connected to the left lifting rod 19 and the right lifting rod 21, the lifting ring 22 is suspended on the lifting ring 20, and the bottom of the lifting ring 22 is connected to the upper locking pin of the coupler by bolts.

[0088] Preferably, the fixing structure is provided with multiple groups, including a bottom plate II 17 and a vertical plate 18. The bottom plate II 17 is connected to the front plate 9 by bolts, and the vertical plate 18 is welded to the bottom plate II 17. A through hole is opened on the vertical plate 18, and the left lifting rod 19 and the right lifting rod 21 are connected through the through holes of the vertical plate 18.

[0089] The present invention also provides an assembly method of a coupler assembly device, comprising the following steps:

[0090] Step 1: Lifting the hook body: Lift the hook 13 into the assembly device through a lifting device;

[0091] Step 2: Insert the rear end of the coupler 13 into the two rear hanging plates 14 of the assembly device, hang the coupler body on the coupler bracket 12, insert the rear hole fixing pin 23, remove the hanger, and then assemble the coupler 13;

[0092] Step 3: Press-fit the hook ear hole bushing and the hook tail pin bushing;

[0093] Step 4: Place the hook body cavity rotating template into the hook body, push against the inserted pin, and check the clearance between the upper and lower traction flanges of the hook body and the template, and the clearance between the upper and lower impact shoulders and the template;

[0094] Step 5: Apply dry grease to the contact area between the hook cavity and the small part of the hook cavity;

[0095] Step 6: Place the hook tongue push iron, place the hook lock, and install the locking pin assembly to connect it with the hook lock and the hook body;

[0096] Step 7. Lift the locking pin to assemble, drive the hook lock to sit on the locking surface of the hook tongue push iron seat, rotate the hook tongue push iron to stick to the hook tongue bearing wall, screw in the hook tongue, and install the hook tongue pin;

[0097] Step 8: repeatedly open and close the coupler 13 during the assembly process to ensure smooth opening and closing;

[0098] Step 9: After the assembly is completed, connect the lifting ring 22 to the locking pin of the coupler 13 through bolts, and rotate the left and right lifting rods to perform a three-state action check and an anti-jump performance check;

[0099] Step 10, three-state action inspection: Use your hands to continuously and steadily rotate the left and right lifting rods until the hook tongue reaches the fully open position. Use your hands to continuously and steadily push the hook tongue nose and hook tongue to rotate to the fully closed state. At the same time, the hook lock smoothly falls to the locked position. At this time, the coupler 13 is in an anti-jump protection state. Lift the locking pin by hand to raise the hook lock in the locked position above the tail of the hook tongue. During this process, the hook tongue does not rotate and the coupler 13 is still in the locked position. When the locking pin is released to make the hook lock fall, the hook lock is located on the front top surface of the lock seat of the hook tongue push iron. At this time, pull the inner wrist of the hook tongue, and the hook tongue can freely rotate to the fully open position.

[0100] Step 11. Anti-jump performance inspection: insert a special tool between the hook lock leg and the front wall of the lock hole under the hook body, and place the hook lock leg at the required position against the hook body. At the same time, insert a crowbar between the lock surface of the front seat of the hook lock and the hook tongue support, and pry up the hook lock. Do not unlock it; check that the gaps at each position are qualified and the special gauge is smooth;

[0101] Step 12: After the inspection is qualified, unload the hook 13.

[0102] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coupler assembly device, characterized in that: include: An assembly platform body, a positioning support mechanism and a coupler lifting mechanism, wherein the assembly platform body comprises a front plate (9), a first supporting structure and a second supporting structure, wherein the first supporting structure is mounted on the front side of the front plate (9) and the second supporting structure is mounted on the rear side of the front plate (9); The positioning support mechanism comprises a coupler bracket (12) and a tail hanging structure, wherein the coupler bracket (12) is mounted on a first supporting structure, and the tail hanging structure is mounted on a second supporting structure; The front plate (9) is provided with a window I, the tail hanging structure is located at the window I, and the tail of the coupler (13) passes through the window I and is connected to the tail hanging structure; The coupler lifting rod mechanism is fixed on the front plate (9) and is located above the first supporting structure, and the coupler lifting rod mechanism is connected to the upper locking pin of the coupler (13).

2. The coupler assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first supporting structure comprises a channel steel (1), a panel (2), a bent plate (3), a plate I (4), a plate II (5), a plate III (6), a bottom plate I (7) and a top plate (8), wherein the rear side of the panel (2) is welded to the front side of the front plate (9), the top plate (8) is transversely welded to the top of the panel (2), and the rear side of the top plate (8) is welded to the front side of the front plate (9), the front side of the panel (2) is provided with a front plate I, the bottom plate I (7) is welded to the bottom of the front plate I, and the bottom plate (8) is welded to the bottom of the front plate I. A window II is provided between plate I (7) and the bottom of the enclosure (2), and the window II is connected to the window I. The body of the coupler (13) is located in the window II. The bent plate (3) is welded to the front side of the front plate I. The plate I (4) is welded to the top of the bent plate (3). The plate II (5) and the plate III (6) are respectively welded to the two sides of the bottom of the enclosure (2). The plate II (5) and the plate III (6) are respectively welded with channel steels (1). The coupler bracket (12) is fixedly connected to the channel steels (1) on both sides.

3. The coupler assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second supporting structure comprises two plates IV (10) and a rib plate (11), the two plates IV (10) are welded at intervals on the rear side of the front plate (9), the two plates IV (10) are located on both sides of the window I, and the rib plate (11) is welded between the two plates IV (10).

4. The coupler assembly device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tail hanging structure comprises a tail hanging plate (14), a tail hanging front plate (15) and a tail hole fixing pin (23). The tail hanging plates (14) are provided with two pieces, which are arranged in an upper and lower interval; the two sides of each tail hanging plate (14) are welded to the front plate (9) and the two plates IV (10); the tail hanging front plate (15) is welded to the front sides of the two tail hanging plates (14); the rear end of the coupler (13) is inserted into the two tail hanging plates (14); the two tail hanging plates (14) are provided with coaxial mounting holes; the tail hole fixing pin (23) is inserted into the mounting hole and the tail hook hole of the coupler (13) to fix the rear end of the coupler (13).

5. The coupler assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the coupler bracket (12) is covered with thin rubber.

6. The coupler assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The assembly platform body also includes a third support structure, which is provided with two groups and is respectively fixedly connected to the two sides below the front plate (9); the third support structure includes three support plates (16), and the three support plates (16) form a triangular stable support structure.

7. The coupler assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coupler lifting rod mechanism comprises a fixed structure, a left lifting rod (19), a lifting ring (20), a right lifting rod (21) and a lifting ring (22); the fixed structure is mounted on a front plate (9) and arranged on the left and right sides; the left lifting rod (19) is connected to the fixed structure on the left side, the right lifting rod (21) is connected to the fixed structure on the right side, the two ends of the lifting ring (20) are respectively connected to the left lifting rod (19) and the right lifting rod (21), the lifting ring (22) is suspended on the lifting ring (20), and the lower part of the lifting ring (22) is connected to the upper locking pin of the coupler by bolts.

8. The coupler assembly device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixing structure is provided with multiple groups, including a bottom plate II (17) and a vertical plate (18). The bottom plate II (17) is connected to the front plate (9) by bolts, and the vertical plate (18) is welded to the bottom plate II (17). A through hole is opened on the vertical plate (18), and the left lifting rod (19) and the right lifting rod (21) are connected to the through holes of the vertical plate (18).

9. The coupler assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the assembly platform body is 1.3 meters.

10. An assembly method of a coupler assembly device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Lifting the hook body: Lift the hook (13) into the assembly device using a lifting device; Step 2: Insert the rear end of the hook (13) into the two tail hanging plates (14) of the assembly device, hang the hook body on the hook bracket (12), insert the tail hole fixing pin (23), remove the lifting device, and then assemble the hook (13); Step 3: Press-fit the hook ear hole bushing and the hook tail pin bushing; Step 4: Place the hook body cavity rotating template into the hook body, push against the inserted pin, and check the clearance between the upper and lower traction flanges of the hook body and the template, and the clearance between the upper and lower impact shoulders and the template; Step 5: Apply dry grease to the contact area between the hook cavity and the small part of the hook cavity; Step 6: Place the hook tongue push iron, place the hook lock, and install the locking pin assembly to connect it with the hook lock and the hook body; Step 7. Lift the locking pin to assemble, drive the hook lock to sit on the locking surface of the hook tongue push iron seat, rotate the hook tongue push iron to stick to the hook tongue bearing wall, screw in the hook tongue, and install the hook tongue pin; Step 8: repeatedly open and close the coupler (13) during the assembly process to ensure smooth opening and closing; Step 9: After the assembly is completed, the lifting ring (22) is connected to the locking pin of the hook (13) by bolts, and the left and right lifting rods are rotated to perform a three-state action check and an anti-jump performance check; Step 10, three-state action inspection: Use your hands to continuously and steadily rotate the left and right lifting rods until the hook tongue reaches the fully open position. Use your hands to continuously and steadily push the hook tongue nose and hook tongue to rotate to the fully closed state. At the same time, the hook lock smoothly falls to the locked position. At this time, the coupler (13) is in an anti-jump protection state. Lift the locking pin by hand to raise the hook lock in the locked position above the tail of the coupler tongue. During this process, the coupler tongue does not rotate and the coupler (13) is still in the locked position. When the locking pin is released to make the coupler lock fall, the coupler lock is located on the front top surface of the lock seat of the coupler tongue push iron. At this time, pull the inner wrist of the coupler tongue, and the coupler tongue can freely rotate to the fully open position. Step 11. Anti-jump performance inspection: insert a special tool between the hook lock leg and the front wall of the lock hole under the hook body, and place the hook lock leg at the required position against the hook body. At the same time, insert a crowbar between the lock surface of the front seat of the hook lock and the hook tongue support, and pry up the hook lock. Do not unlock it; check that the gaps at each position are qualified and the special gauge is smooth; Step 12: After the vehicle is inspected and qualified, the hook (13) is removed.

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