Railway vehicle secondary suspension system and carriage floor height adjusting method

Abstract

A secondary suspension system of a railway vehicle is connected with a bogie and a carriage floor and comprises a height adjusting mechanism fixedly connected with the bogie and a rubber vibration isolator fixedly connected with the carriage floor. The box body is fixedly connected to the bogie and filled with lubricating grease or lubricating oil, the electric worm and gear are installed in the box body, the telescopic piece is installed in the box body in the vertical direction and has a self-locking function, and the telescopic piece is in transmission connection with the electric worm and gear and stretches out of the box body to be fixedly connected with the rubber vibration isolator. And the rubber vibration isolator is driven to ascend and descend along with the transmission of the electric worm gear and the worm. The height adjusting device ensures the consistency of the height of the carriage floor after adjustment, avoids inclination and deflection of the floor caused by different loads, improves the convenience, accuracy and reliability of height adjustment of the carriage floor, is simple in structure, light in weight and low in manufacturing and maintenance cost, enables the carriage floor to keep the normal height in the bearing process, ensures the stability of vehicle running, and improves the safety of the vehicle. And the riding comfort is improved. The invention further provides a carriage floor height adjusting method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a secondary suspension system of a rail vehicle and a method for adjusting the height of a carriage floor, and belongs to the technical field of height adjustment of rail vehicle floors. Background Art

[0002] The secondary suspension system installed between the car body and bogie of railway passenger trains and urban rail vehicles directly affects the dynamic qualities of the vehicle, such as curve passing safety and running stability. At the same time, the height of the car body floor relative to the bogie must always be maintained at the designed standard height, and the change in the car body floor height cannot be caused by the change in the load. The secondary suspension system is one of the key technologies of rail vehicle bogies.

[0003] For passenger trains and urban rail vehicles, when the load increases when passengers get on board, the vehicle floor will sink to a height below the standard. When the load decreases when passengers get off, the vehicle floor will rise to a height above the standard. This requires a special system to adjust the vehicle floor to ensure that the vehicle floor is always at the standard height required to ensure the safety and convenience of passengers getting on and off the vehicle, and also to ensure driving safety. Previously, rail vehicles mainly used air springs as secondary suspension devices, and the height of the vehicle floor was adjusted by inflating and deflating the rubber airbag of the air spring. This floor height adjustment system has the following defects: 1. The filling and unloading of the rubber airbag of the air spring requires a special air source and air pipeline, which has many disadvantages such as high manufacturing and maintenance costs of the air source and air pipeline, relatively heavy weight, and complex air pipeline layout.

[0004] 2. Generally, a carriage is equipped with two or four air springs. Due to the influence of factors such as vehicle layout and passenger distribution, the air springs in the passenger concentration area have a large load capacity and a large compression, while the air springs in the area with fewer passengers have a small load capacity and a small compression, resulting in different compression amounts of each air spring. It is difficult to level the carriage floor, which is time-consuming and laborious. Even after leveling, the car body still has a large deflection, and the carriage floor is prone to tilt or sway, affecting the comfort of the ride.

[0005] The existing patent documents retrieved are: 1.CN202323453612.X-An electric sightseeing car with adjustable floor height; 2. CN202010836295.1-A magnetic levitation air suspension height adjustment system and adjustment method; 3. CN201921101399.7-An air spring and rail vehicle capable of achieving horizontal limit in a narrow space; 4. CN201810997947.2-Method and system for controlling the lifting and lowering of rail vehicles; 5.CN201410008904.9-Air spring suspension mechanism for low-floor rail vehicle bogie. Summary of the invention

[0006] The rail vehicle secondary suspension system provided by the present invention can independently adjust each system according to the distribution of passengers and the inclination of the carriage floor to compensate for the height difference of the carriage floor caused by the change of passenger weight, ensure the consistency of the carriage floor height after adjustment, avoid the floor inclination and deflection caused by different loads, improve the convenience, accuracy and reliability of the carriage floor height adjustment, simple structure, light weight, low manufacturing and maintenance costs, so that the carriage floor maintains a normal height during the load-bearing process, ensure the stability of vehicle driving, and improve the riding comfort. The present invention also provides a carriage floor height adjustment method.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: The secondary suspension system of a rail vehicle connects a bogie and a car floor, comprises a height-adjusting mechanism fixed to the bogie and a rubber vibration isolator fixed to the car floor, and is characterized in that: the height-adjusting mechanism comprises a box fixed to the bogie and filled with grease or lubricating oil, an electric worm gear installed in the box, and a telescopic member vertically installed in the box and having a self-locking function, the telescopic member is transmission-connected to the electric worm gear, the telescopic member extends out of the box and is fixed to the rubber vibration isolator, and telescopes and retracts with the transmission of the electric worm gear and drives the rubber vibration isolator to rise and fall.

[0008] Preferably, an elastic body is connected between the box body and the rubber vibration isolator, and the elastic body is elastically deformed as the rubber vibration isolator rises and falls.

[0009] Preferably, the electric worm gear includes a worm connected to the motor on the housing, a worm wheel meshing with the worm, the telescopic part includes a rotatable sleeve mounted in the housing and a screw assembled and extended into the sleeve, the worm wheel is key-connected and sleeved on the sleeve, and the upper end of the screw extends out of the housing and is fixedly connected to the rubber vibration isolator.

[0010] Preferably, tapered roller bearings are press-fitted on both ends of the screw sleeve respectively, the tapered roller bearings are assembled in the housing, and are axially positioned by a positioning nut fastened on the screw sleeve, and a sealing ring is used to seal the positioning nut and the housing.

[0011] Preferably, the rubber vibration isolator comprises a conical metal outer sleeve, a conical metal inner sleeve located in the inner cavity of the metal outer sleeve, and a rubber body that vulcanizes the metal outer sleeve and the metal inner sleeve, a through hole is provided on the metal inner sleeve along the central axis, the upper end of the screw is inserted into the through hole and fixedly connected to the metal inner sleeve, at least one conical metal partition is vulcanized in the rubber body, the top of the metal outer sleeve is fixedly connected to the car floor, and a vertical distance is formed between the metal inner sleeve and the metal outer sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, the elastomer is a rubber sealing ring connected between the metal inner sleeve and the box body, the upper end surface of the elastomer is bonded to the metal inner sleeve, and the lower end surface is bonded to the box body. The elastomer is sleeved outside the screw and the inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the screw.

[0013] The method for adjusting the height of the carriage floor adopts the above-mentioned secondary suspension system for rail vehicles, and is characterized in that: According to the load-bearing capacity of a single carriage and the running line conditions of the vehicle, the number of the secondary suspension system of the rail vehicle between the bogie and the carriage floor, the stiffness and height of the rubber vibration isolator are adjusted to determine the standard height of the carriage floor under normal load-bearing conditions; The electric worm gear is connected to the vehicle's floor height detection system signal control. When the car floor sinks below a determined standard height, the floor height detection system sends a lifting signal to the electric worm gear, and the electric worm gear drives the telescopic part to extend until the car floor is lifted to the standard height. When the car floor is lifted above the determined standard height, the floor height detection system sends a descending signal to the electric worm gear, and the electric worm gear drives the telescopic part to shorten until the car floor drops to the standard height.

[0014] Preferably, adjusting the stiffness of the rubber vibration isolator refers to adjusting the initial stiffness of the rubber vibration isolator and the variable stiffness characteristics of the rubber vibration isolator during load-bearing by adjusting the hardness of the rubber body and the number of metal spacers in the rubber vibration isolator, and adjusting the height of the rubber vibration isolator refers to adjusting the vertical distance between the metal inner sleeve and the metal outer sleeve of the rubber vibration isolator in a free state without load.

[0015] Preferably, "connecting the electric worm gear to the vehicle's floor height detection system signal control" means that the motor on the box uses a servo motor with a servo drive, connecting the servo drive to the floor height detection system signal, receiving the signal sent by the floor height detection system through the servo drive and controlling the operation of the servo motor.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the invention are: The rail vehicle secondary suspension system of the present invention has a telescopic part in the height adjustment mechanism that is telescopic with the transmission of the electric worm gear to drive the rubber vibration isolator to rise and fall. The electric worm gear and the telescopic part both have a self-locking function, so that the telescopic part is in a locked state after being adjusted to the right height and will not automatically telescope due to changes in load, thereby forming a rigid support for the rubber vibration isolator. Each set of the rail vehicle secondary suspension system can be adjusted individually, and each system can be independently adjusted according to the passenger distribution and the inclination of the car floor to compensate for the height difference of the car floor caused by changes in passenger weight, ensure the consistency of the car floor height after adjustment, avoid floor inclination and deflection caused by different loads, and improve the convenience, accuracy and reliability of car floor height adjustment.

[0017] Compared with the height adjustment structure in the prior art that connects the air pipeline and the air source through an air spring, the height adjustment mechanism composed of an electric worm gear and a telescopic part has higher load-bearing stability and support reliability, can effectively control the tilt and deflection of the car floor during the load-bearing process, improve the carrying capacity and carrying stability of the car, and has higher accuracy in adjusting the height of the car floor, simpler structure, lighter weight, lower manufacturing and maintenance costs, so that the car floor maintains a normal height during the load-bearing process and ensures the stability of the vehicle. The rubber isolator is installed above the adjustment mechanism to isolate the vibration transmitted upward from the bogie to the car floor, and to buffer the vibration of the car floor during the operation of the vehicle, to ensure the stability of the vehicle's secondary suspension system, reduce the floating rate of the car floor, improve the stability of the car floor, and improve the riding comfort. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the rail vehicle secondary suspension system of the present invention being fixedly connected to the carriage floor.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 sectional view of . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Combine the following Figure 1~2 The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0021] The secondary suspension system of a rail vehicle connects a bogie and a carriage floor, comprises a height-adjusting mechanism fixed to the bogie and a rubber vibration isolator 1 fixed to the carriage floor 100, and is characterized in that: the height-adjusting mechanism comprises a box body 2 fixed to the bogie and filled with grease or lubricating oil, an electric worm gear 3 installed in the box body 2, and a telescopic member 4 vertically installed in the box body 2 and having a self-locking function, the telescopic member 4 is transmission-connected to the electric worm gear 3, the telescopic member 4 extends out of the box body and is fixed to the rubber vibration isolator 1, and is telescopically extended and retracted with the transmission of the electric worm gear 3 and drives the rubber vibration isolator 1 to rise and fall.

[0022] In the above-mentioned rail vehicle secondary suspension system, the telescopic part 4 in the height adjustment mechanism is telescopic with the transmission of the electric worm gear 3 to drive the rubber vibration isolator 1 to rise and fall. The electric worm gear 3 and the telescopic part 4 have a self-locking function, so that the telescopic part 4 is in a locked state after being adjusted to the right height and will not automatically expand and contract due to changes in load, thereby forming a rigid support for the rubber vibration isolator. Each set of the rail vehicle secondary suspension system can be adjusted separately, and each system can be independently adjusted according to the passenger distribution and the inclination of the car floor to compensate for the height difference of the car floor caused by changes in passenger weight, ensure the consistency of the car floor height after adjustment, avoid floor inclination and deflection caused by different loads, and improve the convenience, accuracy and reliability of car floor height adjustment. Compared with the height adjustment structure in the prior art that connects the air pipeline and the air source through an air spring, the height adjustment mechanism composed of the electric worm gear 3 and the telescopic member 4 has higher load-bearing stability and support reliability, can effectively control the inclination and deflection of the car floor during the load-bearing process, improve the carrying capacity and carrying stability of the car, and has higher accuracy in adjusting the height of the car floor, simpler structure, lighter weight, lower manufacturing and maintenance costs, so that the car floor can maintain a normal height during the load-bearing process and ensure the stability of the vehicle. The rubber vibration isolator 1 is installed above the adjustment mechanism to isolate the vibration transmitted upward from the bogie to the car floor, and to buffer the vibration of the car floor during the operation of the vehicle, to ensure the stability of the vehicle's secondary suspension system, reduce the floating rate of the car floor, improve the stability of the car floor, and improve the riding comfort.

[0023] Among them, an elastic body is connected between the box and the rubber vibration isolator, and the elastic body is elastically deformed with the lifting and lowering of the rubber vibration isolator. The elastic body 5 buffers the speed of the rubber vibration isolator 4 during the lifting process through deformation, avoiding the rubber vibration isolator 4 from driving the car floor to rise and fall instantly, improving the stability of the car floor during the lifting process, forming a flexible lifting process, reducing the passenger's perception during the floor lifting process, and improving the riding comfort.

[0024] Among them, the electric worm gear 3 includes a worm 31 connected to the motor 6 on the box body 2, and a worm wheel 32 meshing with the worm 31. The telescopic member 4 includes a screw sleeve 41 rotatably installed in the box body 2 and a screw 42 assembled and extended into the screw sleeve. The worm wheel 32 is key-connected and sleeved on the screw sleeve 41, and the upper end of the screw 42 extends out of the box body and is fixedly connected to the rubber vibration isolator 1. The worm 31 and the worm wheel 32 form a power pair, which converts the output power of the motor 6 into the rotation of the worm wheel 32 and drives the screw sleeve 41 to rotate through the key connection. The rotation of the screw sleeve 41 causes the screw 42 to rise and fall in the screw sleeve 41, forming the telescopic member 4. The thread matching pair composed of the screw sleeve 41 and the screw 42, and the worm power pair composed of the worm 31 and the worm wheel 31 have a self-locking function, so that the screw 42 is locked after stopping the lifting, which can provide a stable support for the rubber vibration isolator, and will not rise and fall due to changes in the load. The reliability and stability of the height adjustment are high. The screw 42 of each system is driven by a servo motor and is lifted and lowered separately. The lifting and lowering adjustment of multiple systems is independent of each other, and the adjustment is simple and convenient. The height can be adjusted separately according to the different loads, so that the floor heights of different load-bearing areas in the car are basically the same, and the height of the entire car floor is basically the same, reducing the tilt and yaw angle of the car floor. The screw sleeve 41 and the screw 42 can be assembled with ordinary threads or ball thread.

[0025] The two ends of the screw sleeve 41 are respectively press-fitted with tapered roller bearings 7, the tapered roller bearings 7 are assembled in the housing, and are axially positioned by a positioning nut 8 fastened on the screw sleeve 41, and a sealing ring is used to seal the positioning nut 8 and the housing 2. The tapered roller bearings 7 and the screw sleeve 41 form an axial positioning of the screw sleeve 41, so that the screw sleeve 41 can only rotate without axial movement, and the positioning nut 8 axially positions the tapered roller bearings 7 on the housing 2 to prevent the tapered roller bearings 7 from loosening and improve the structural reliability. The sealing rings between the positioning nut 8 and the housing 2 seal the tapered roller bearings in the housing 1 to prevent dust and impurities from entering, thereby extending the service life of the tapered roller bearings 7.

[0026] Among them, the rubber vibration isolator 1 includes a conical metal outer sleeve 9, a conical metal inner sleeve 10 located in the inner cavity of the metal outer sleeve 9, and a rubber body 11 that vulcanizes the metal outer sleeve 9 and the metal inner sleeve 10. A through hole is opened along the central axis of the metal inner sleeve 10, and the upper end of the screw 42 is inserted into the through hole and fixed to the metal inner sleeve 10. At least one conical metal partition 12 is vulcanized in the rubber body 11. The top of the metal outer sleeve 9 is fixed to the car floor 100, and a vertical distance is formed between the metal inner sleeve 10 and the metal outer sleeve 9. The rubber vibration isolator 1 isolates the vibration of the bogie and buffers the vibration of the car floor during the operation of the vehicle. The metal outer sleeve 9, the metal inner sleeve 10 and the rubber body 11 are vulcanized into a conical whole. There is a vertical distance between the metal outer sleeve 9 and the metal inner sleeve 10. During the load-bearing process, the metal outer sleeve 9 and the metal inner sleeve 10 can form a relative movement to deform the rubber body 11 to form damping vibration reduction. The metal partition 12 vulcanized and connected in the rubber body 11 can increase the stiffness of the rubber body, so that the rubber vibration isolator 1 has a variable stiffness characteristic during the load-bearing process, improves its vibration reduction performance, and thus improves the stability of the car floor.

[0027] The elastic body 5 is a rubber sealing ring connected between the metal inner sleeve 10 and the box body 2. The upper end surface of the elastic body 5 is bonded to the metal inner sleeve 10, and the lower end surface is bonded to the box body 2. The elastic body 5 is sleeved outside the screw 42 and the inner diameter is greater than the outer diameter of the screw 42. The elastic body 5 is bonded between the bottom of the metal inner sleeve 10 and the top surface of the box body 2. The elastic body 5 is stretched between the metal inner sleeve 10 and the box body 2 as the rubber vibration isolator 1 rises, and is compressed between the metal inner sleeve 10 and the box body 2 as the rubber vibration isolator 1 falls. The deformation of the elastic body 5 buffers the rise and fall of the rubber vibration isolator 1, preventing the screw 42 from driving the rubber vibration isolator 1 to form an instantaneous rise or fall, forming a flexible lifting process, reducing the passenger's perception during the floor lifting process, and improving the riding comfort. The elastomer 5 does not contact the screw 42 to prevent the deformation of the elastomer 5 from interfering with the movement of the screw 42. The elastomer 5 is bonded to the outer periphery of the screw 42 and is clamped between the metal inner sleeve 10 and the housing 2 to form a seal for the opening of the screw sleeve 41 to prevent dust and impurities from entering the screw sleeve 41, thereby preventing the screw 42 from failing to be adjusted due to impurities entering the screw sleeve 41, thereby extending the assembly service life of the screw sleeve 41 and the screw 42 and improving the structural reliability of the system.

[0028] The present invention also protects a method for adjusting the height of a carriage floor, which adopts the above-mentioned secondary suspension system for rail vehicles, and is characterized in that: According to the load-bearing capacity of a single carriage and the running line conditions of the vehicle, the number of the secondary suspension system of the rail vehicle between the bogie and the carriage floor, the stiffness and the height of the rubber vibration isolator 1 are adjusted to determine the standard height of the carriage floor under normal load-bearing conditions; The electric worm gear 3 is connected to the vehicle's floor height detection system signal control. When the car floor sinks below a determined standard height, the floor height detection system sends a lifting signal to the electric worm gear, and the electric worm gear drives the telescopic part to extend until the car floor is lifted to the standard height. When the car floor is lifted above the determined standard height, the floor height detection system sends a descending signal to the electric worm gear, and the electric worm gear drives the telescopic part to shorten until the car floor drops to the standard height.

[0029] The above-mentioned method for adjusting the height of the carriage floor first determines the number of rail vehicle secondary suspension systems required for each carriage according to the load-bearing capacity of a single carriage and the operating conditions of the vehicle running line to ensure that the carriage floor can be evenly supported, and combines the stiffness of the rubber vibration isolator 1 and the height when not loaded to determine the standard height of the carriage floor under normal load-bearing conditions. The standard height of the carriage floor under normal load-bearing conditions refers to the height value that the carriage floor needs to maintain during the load-bearing process. Then, when the vehicle is running, the carriage floor height at the corresponding position of each set of rail vehicle secondary suspension system is adjusted separately to compensate for the height difference of the carriage floor caused by the change of passenger weight, ensure the consistency of the carriage floor height after adjustment, avoid floor tilt and deflection caused by different loads, and improve the convenience of adjusting the height of the carriage floor. Accuracy and reliability: The floor height detection system detects the real-time height of the car floor and sends a lifting or lowering signal to the electric worm gear 3 based on the comparison between the detected real-time height and the determined standard height. When the car floor sinks to below the determined standard height, the floor height detection system sends a lifting signal to the electric worm gear. When the car floor is raised to above the determined standard height, the floor height detection system sends a lowering signal to the electric worm gear. When the electric worm gear 3 receives the lifting signal, it drives the telescopic part 4 to extend, and when it receives the lowering signal, it drives the telescopic part 4 to shorten. After the extension or shortening is in place, the electric worm gear 3 and the telescopic part 4 stop moving, forming a self-locking state, with higher load-bearing stability and support reliability, which can effectively control the inclination and deflection of the car floor during the load-bearing process, and improve the carrying capacity and stability of the car.

[0030] Among them, adjusting the stiffness of the rubber isolator 1 refers to adjusting the initial stiffness of the rubber isolator 1 and the variable stiffness characteristics of the rubber isolator 1 during the load-bearing process by adjusting the hardness of the rubber body 11 and the number of metal partitions 12 in the rubber isolator, and adjusting the height of the rubber isolator 1 refers to adjusting the vertical distance between the metal inner sleeve and the metal outer sleeve of the rubber isolator in the free state without load. By adjusting the initial stiffness of the rubber isolator 1 and the variable stiffness characteristics during the load-bearing process, the height change value of the rubber isolator 1 during the load-bearing process of the car floor can be adjusted, and the initial height value of the car floor when not loaded can be adjusted by the vertical distance between the metal inner sleeve and the metal outer sleeve when not loaded, thereby determining the standard height of the car floor when normally loaded.

[0031] Among them, "connecting the electric worm gear with the vehicle's floor height detection system signal control" means that the motor 6 on the box 2 uses a servo motor with a servo driver, and the servo driver is connected to the floor height detection system signal, and the servo driver receives the signal sent by the floor height detection system and controls the operation of the servo motor. The servo driver controls the forward rotation, reverse rotation or stop of the servo motor according to the received signal, and the floor height detection system sends a lifting or lowering signal to the servo driver. When the servo driver receives the lifting signal, it controls the servo motor to drive the telescopic part 4 to extend upward until the car floor is lifted to the standard height. When the servo driver receives the lowering signal, it controls the servo motor to drive the telescopic part to retract downward until the car floor is lifted to the standard height, thereby realizing automatic adjustment of the car floor height.

[0032] The above is a complete description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A secondary suspension system for a rail vehicle, connecting the bogie and the carriage floor, including a height adjustment mechanism fixed to the bogie and a rubber vibration isolator fixed to the carriage floor, characterized in that: The height adjustment mechanism includes a box body fixedly connected to the bogie and filled with grease or lubricating oil, an electric worm gear installed in the box body, and a telescopic part vertically installed in the box body and having a self-locking function. The telescopic part is connected to the electric worm gear through transmission. The telescopic part extends out of the box body and is fixedly connected to the rubber vibration isolator. It expands and contracts with the transmission of the electric worm gear and drives the rubber vibration isolator to rise and fall.

2. The secondary suspension system for a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic body is connected between the box body and the rubber vibration isolator, and the elastic body is elastically deformed as the rubber vibration isolator rises and falls.

3. The secondary suspension system for a rail vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electric worm gear comprises a worm connected to the motor on the box body and a worm wheel meshing with the worm. The telescopic part comprises a screw sleeve rotatably installed in the box body and a screw assembled and extended into the screw sleeve. The worm wheel is key-connected and sleeved on the screw sleeve. The upper end of the screw extends out of the box body and is fixedly connected to the rubber vibration isolator.

4. The secondary suspension system for rail vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two ends of the screw sleeve are respectively press-fitted with tapered roller bearings, the tapered roller bearings are assembled in the box body, and are axially positioned by a positioning nut fastened on the screw sleeve, and a sealing ring is used to seal the positioning nut and the box body.

5. The secondary suspension system for rail vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rubber vibration isolator comprises a conical metal outer sleeve, a conical metal inner sleeve located in the inner cavity of the metal outer sleeve, and a rubber body that vulcanizes the metal outer sleeve and the metal inner sleeve. A through hole is provided on the metal inner sleeve along the central axis, and the upper end of the screw rod is inserted into the through hole and fixedly connected to the metal inner sleeve. At least one conical metal partition is vulcanized in the rubber body. The top of the metal outer sleeve is fixedly connected to the floor of the carriage, and a vertical distance is formed between the metal inner sleeve and the metal outer sleeve.

6. The secondary suspension system for a rail vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic body is a rubber sealing ring connected between the metal inner sleeve and the box body. The upper end surface of the elastic body is bonded to the metal inner sleeve, and the lower end surface is bonded to the box body. The elastic body is sleeved outside the screw and its inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the screw.

7. A method for adjusting the height of a carriage floor, using the secondary suspension system of a rail vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: According to the load-bearing capacity of a single carriage and the running line conditions of the vehicle, the number of the secondary suspension system of the rail vehicle between the bogie and the carriage floor, the stiffness and height of the rubber vibration isolator are adjusted to determine the standard height of the carriage floor under normal load-bearing conditions; The electric worm gear is connected to the vehicle's floor height detection system signal control. When the car floor sinks below a determined standard height, the floor height detection system sends a lifting signal to the electric worm gear, and the electric worm gear drives the telescopic part to extend until the car floor is lifted to the standard height. When the car floor is lifted above the determined standard height, the floor height detection system sends a descending signal to the electric worm gear, and the electric worm gear drives the telescopic part to shorten until the car floor drops to the standard height.

8. The method for adjusting the height of a vehicle floor according to claim 7, characterized in that: Adjusting the stiffness of the rubber isolator refers to adjusting the initial stiffness of the rubber isolator and the variable stiffness characteristics of the rubber isolator during the load-bearing process by adjusting the hardness of the rubber body and the number of metal partitions in the rubber isolator. Adjusting the height of the rubber isolator refers to adjusting the vertical distance between the metal inner sleeve and the metal outer sleeve of the rubber isolator in a free state without load.

9. The method for adjusting the height of a vehicle floor according to claim 8, characterized in that: "Connecting the electric worm gear to the signal control of the vehicle's floor height detection system" means that the motor on the box adopts a servo motor with a servo driver, the servo driver is connected to the floor height detection system signal, the servo driver receives the signal sent by the floor height detection system and controls the operation of the servo motor.

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