Liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring as well as preparation method and use method of liquid water-soluble fertilizer

Abstract

The invention relates to a liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring and a preparation and use method thereof, the liquid water-soluble fertilizer is characterized by further comprising liquid polyethylene glycol, and the relative molecular mass of the liquid polyethylene glycol is less than or equal to 400; the mass fraction of the liquid polyethylene glycol in the liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is greater than or equal to 0.1%. The fruit coloring can be obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring and a preparation method and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With global warming, extreme weather has become more frequent, which means that the environment has changed. This change has affected the growth of plants. Specifically, after the continuous high temperature in summer, it is difficult for the fruit to color, which has affected the quality of the fruit. Taking apples as an example, the evaluation of apple quality is the "Apple Quality Index Evaluation Standard", in which the appearance quality indicators include fruit size, fruit shape, fruit surface smoothness, fruit spot size and density, fruit color and the amount of fruit rust. It can be seen that the coloring of the fruit directly affects the quality of the fruit.

[0003] At present, in order to protect apples, they are planted in bags. When the apples are ripe, the bags are removed for coloring. Normally, they can be completely colored in 7-8 days and then picked. However, due to the climate, it takes more than 10 days or even more than 20 days for apples to color. Since the apple ripening season is autumn, which is a season when the rain has not gone and the wind is strong, the apples are difficult to color and have to stay on the tree for a longer time. This increases the risk of the fruit being exposed to wind and rain after the bags are removed, which may cause losses to growers.

[0004] In addition, due to the large apple planting area in my country, apples mature in a relatively concentrated manner, resulting in the market being unable to digest them in a short period of time. In many cases, they need to be stored in cold storage and wait for the market to slowly digest them. In other words, the fruit has a certain storage period. Therefore, it is required that the coloring of products should not affect the storage performance of the product.

[0005] Currently, there are no products or methods that target the physiological changes in plants caused by climate change, especially the problem of difficulty in fruit coloring. There are also no products or methods that address the problem that due to the difficulty in coloring, fruits need to stay on the trees for a longer time, increasing the risk of encountering bad weather and possibly causing losses to growers. Moreover, such products and methods are required to have no side effects. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring and a preparation and use method thereof, and solves the following technical problems: 1) the difficulty of fruit coloring due to climate change; 2) reducing the residence time of fruits on the tree after bagging, thereby reducing planting risks; and 3) the coloring product cannot affect the storage performance of the fruit.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring comprises liquid polyethylene glycol; the relative molecular mass of the liquid polyethylene glycol is less than or equal to 400, and the mass fraction of the liquid polyethylene glycol in the liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is greater than or equal to 0.1%.

[0008] It also includes water-soluble fertilizer raw materials; the water-soluble fertilizer raw materials include one or more of magnesium sulfate, urea, ammonium sulfate, zinc sulfate, potassium humate, amino acid powder, ferrous sulfate, calcium disodium edetate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate.

[0009] The preparation method of the liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is carried out according to the following steps: Packaging liquid polyethylene glycol to obtain a liquid water-soluble fertilizer that improves fruit coloring; or Mixing liquid polyethylene glycol and water and packaging them to obtain a liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring; or The liquid polyethylene glycol, water-soluble fertilizer raw materials and water are mixed evenly to obtain the liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring.

[0010] To use liquid water-soluble fertilizer to improve fruit coloring, follow these steps: The liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is diluted to a polyethylene glycol mass fraction of 0.1-0.5%, and the diluted fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is obtained. Colored liquid water-soluble fertilizers; Spray the diluted liquid water-soluble fertilizer that improves fruit coloring on the fruit surface.

[0011] The dilution is dilution with water.

[0012] The invention has the following beneficial technical effects: 1) This application can solve the problem of fruit coloring caused by climate change without affecting the storability of the fruit.

[0013] 2) This application can reduce the time that fruits stay on the tree after being removed from the bags, thus reducing planting risks. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with preferred examples. Example 1

[0015] A liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring, comprising polyethylene glycol 200 and water in a mass ratio of 10:90. The preparation method of the liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is carried out according to the following steps: Mix liquid polyethylene glycol 200 and water to obtain a liquid water-soluble fertilizer that improves fruit coloring.

[0016] To use liquid water-soluble fertilizer to improve fruit coloring, follow these steps: The liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is diluted with water to a polyethylene glycol mass fraction of 0.3%, and the diluted fruit coloring is improved. Colored liquid water-soluble fertilizers; The day after the apples are bagged, spray the diluted liquid water-soluble fertilizer that improves the fruit coloring on the surface of the fruit.

[0017] The amount of diluted liquid water-soluble fertilizer used to improve fruit coloring is 30kg / mu. Example 2

[0018] A liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring, comprising polyethylene glycol 400 and water in a mass ratio of 10:90. The preparation method of the liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is carried out according to the following steps: Mix liquid polyethylene glycol 400 and water to obtain a liquid water-soluble fertilizer that improves fruit coloring.

[0019] To use liquid water-soluble fertilizer to improve fruit coloring, follow these steps: The liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is diluted with water to a polyethylene glycol mass fraction of 0.3%, and the diluted fruit coloring is improved. Colored liquid water-soluble fertilizers; The day after the apples are bagged, spray the diluted liquid water-soluble fertilizer that improves the fruit coloring on the surface of the fruit.

[0020] The amount of diluted liquid water-soluble fertilizer used to improve fruit coloring is 30kg / mu. Example 3

[0021] A liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring, comprising polyethylene glycol 400, water and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in a mass ratio of 10:70:15. The preparation method of the liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is carried out according to the following steps: Mix liquid polyethylene glycol 400, water and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to obtain a liquid water-soluble fertilizer that improves fruit coloring.

[0022] To use liquid water-soluble fertilizer to improve fruit coloring, follow these steps: The liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is diluted with water to a polyethylene glycol mass fraction of 0.2%, and the diluted fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is obtained. Colored liquid water-soluble fertilizers; The day after the apples are bagged, spray the diluted liquid water-soluble fertilizer that improves the fruit coloring on the surface of the fruit.

[0023] The amount of diluted liquid water-soluble fertilizer used to improve fruit coloring is 30kg / mu. Example 4

[0024] A liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is composed of polyethylene glycol 400, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water in a mass ratio of 15:5:6:10:64.

[0025] The preparation method of the liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is carried out according to the following steps: Mix polyethylene glycol 400, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water to obtain a liquid water-soluble fertilizer that improves fruit coloring.

[0026] The method for using the liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is characterized by following the steps: The liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is diluted to a polyethylene glycol mass fraction of 0.3%, and the diluted fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is obtained. Liquid water-soluble fertilizer; The day after the apples are bagged, spray the diluted liquid water-soluble fertilizer that improves the fruit coloring on the surface of the fruit.

[0027] The dilution is carried out by water dilution. The amount of liquid water-soluble fertilizer used for dilution to improve fruit coloring is 25kg / mu. Example 5

[0028] A liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring, which is composed of polyethylene glycol 400, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate and water in a mass ratio of 25:8:4:63.

[0029] The preparation method of the liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is carried out according to the following steps: Mix polyethylene glycol 400, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate and water to make a liquid water-soluble fertilizer that improves fruit coloring.

[0030] The method for using the liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is characterized by following the steps: The liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is diluted to a polyethylene glycol mass fraction of 0.3%, and the diluted fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is obtained. Liquid water-soluble fertilizer; The day after the apples are bagged, spray the diluted liquid water-soluble fertilizer that improves the fruit coloring on the surface of the fruit.

[0031] The dilution is carried out by water dilution. The amount of liquid water-soluble fertilizer used for dilution to improve fruit coloring is 25kg / mu.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention are further illustrated below in conjunction with test data: Experiment 1 1.1 Experimental location: Gansu Smart Agriculture Engineering Technology Research Center.

[0033] 1.2 Experimental testing: testing the coloring score, tasting and shrinkage rate (%) of apples; the apple variety is: Tianhong No. 2.

[0034] 1.3 Test materials: blank (except that the liquid water-soluble fertilizer for diluting and improving fruit coloring is replaced by water, the rest is the same as in Example 1), Comparison 1 (except that the polyethylene glycol used is polyethylene glycol 1500, all other aspects are consistent with Example 1), Comparison 2 (except that the polyethylene glycol used is polyethylene glycol 4000, all other aspects are consistent with Example 1), Comparison 3 (except that the method of use is foliar spraying, all other aspects are consistent with Example 1), Comparison 4 (except that the method of use is root irrigation, all other aspects are consistent with Example 1), Comparison 5 (except that the method of use is diluted with water to a polyethylene glycol mass fraction of 1%, all other aspects are consistent with Example 1) and Examples 1 to 3.

[0035] 1.4 Detection method: On the 10th day of the experimental treatment, 200 fruits were picked from each treatment, and 50 fruits of similar shape and size were selected from each treatment for coloring rate detection and statistics. For further tasting and coloring rate statistics, 10 individuals were invited to taste the fruits, 10 fruits from each treatment were tasted, and the remaining 40 fruits from each treatment were placed in a constant temperature box with a temperature of 20℃ and a humidity of 54. They were placed for 25 days, the outer skin of the fruits was observed, and the shrinkage rate (%) was calculated. The shrinkage rate = number of wrinkled fruits / number of counted fruits * 100%.

[0036] The coloring rate is counted in the form of points according to the Technical Specifications for Evaluation of Apple Varieties, where a coloring area greater than or equal to 90% is scored as 7 points; a coloring area of ​​80%-90% is scored as 5 points; a coloring area less than 80% is scored as 3 points; The fruit coloring rate (%) and wrinkling were observed with the naked eye.

[0037] The experiment takes place in 2024, a year in which the summer temperatures remain high.

[0038] Except for the experimental treatment, other operations were the same in this experiment.

[0039] 2 Results and analysis Fruit coloring score, tasting and shrinkage rate (%) are shown in Table 1 Table 1

[0040] From the comparison of the data of the blank, comparison 1, comparison 2, example 1 and example 2 of this application, it can be seen that the addition of liquid polyvinyl alcohol can significantly improve the coloring of the fruit in example 1 and example 2 without affecting the storage of the fruit, while the addition of solid polyvinyl alcohol to comparison 1 and comparison 2 has almost no effect on the coloring of the fruit.

[0041] From the data comparison of Comparison 3, Comparison 4 and Example 1, it can be seen that the use method also affects the coloring of the fruit, and Example 1 sprayed on the fruit surface has the best effect.

[0042] It can be seen from the comparison of the data of Comparison 5, Example 1, Example 2 and Example 3 that the concentration of polyethylene glycol also affects the use effect when the liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is used. Although Comparison 5 has good coloring, it affects the quality of the fruit. Even if the fruit becomes difficult to store, the possible reason is that the high concentration of polyethylene glycol causes osmotic stress, which makes the fruit difficult to store and does not meet the storage requirements. Therefore, it is discarded.

[0043] From the taste, the peel of the fruit after applying the liquid water-soluble fertilizer containing liquid polyethylene glycol to improve fruit coloring is thin, which shows that the application of this application affects the peel. Therefore, it is speculated that the difficulty in fruit coloring may be due to the hot weather. In order to retain moisture, the fruit peel produces more wax, which has the effect of reflecting light, resulting in insufficient light, affecting the coloring of the fruit. Therefore, this application has a better effect on the difficulty of fruit coloring caused by the continuous high temperature in summer due to extreme weather.

Claims

1. A liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring, characterized in that: The invention comprises liquid polyethylene glycol; the relative molecular mass of the liquid polyethylene glycol is less than or equal to 400, and the mass fraction of the liquid polyethylene glycol in the liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is greater than or equal to 0.1%.

2. The liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes water-soluble fertilizer raw materials; the water-soluble fertilizer raw materials include one or more of magnesium sulfate, urea, ammonium sulfate, zinc sulfate, potassium humate, amino acid powder, ferrous sulfate, calcium disodium edetate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate.

3. The method for preparing a liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Follow these steps: Packaging liquid polyethylene glycol to obtain a liquid water-soluble fertilizer that improves fruit coloring; or Mixing liquid polyethylene glycol and water and packaging them to obtain a liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring; or The liquid polyethylene glycol, water-soluble fertilizer raw materials and water are mixed evenly to obtain the liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring.

4. The method for using the liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Follow these steps: The liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring is diluted to a polyethylene glycol mass fraction of 0.1 to 0.5%, thereby obtaining the diluted liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring; Spray the diluted liquid water-soluble fertilizer that improves fruit coloring on the fruit surface.

5. The method for using the liquid water-soluble fertilizer for improving fruit coloring as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The dilution is dilution with water.

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