Electric passenger car fastener state real-time monitoring device

Abstract

The invention discloses a real-time monitoring device for the state of a fastener of an electric passenger car, and solves the problem that the fastening stress of a bolt is inconvenient to monitor in real time in the prior art. The system comprises a bolt, and further comprises a fixing plate used for being connected with vehicle bottom equipment, an intelligent gasket arranged on the fixing plate and used for detecting the fastening stress of the bolt, a data transmission module arranged in the intelligent gasket and connected with a vehicle-mounted host, and an energy storage mechanism arranged in the intelligent gasket and connected with the intelligent gasket and the data transmission module. The bolt penetrates through the fixing plate and is connected with the vehicle bottom equipment, and the intelligent gasket is pressed on the fixing plate. The bolt fastening stress is monitored in real time through the intelligent gasket, data detected by the intelligent gasket is transmitted into the vehicle-mounted host through the data transmission module and displayed, and monitoring personnel can judge whether the bolt falls off or loosens in the using process according to the pressure data monitored by the pressure sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of bolt detection equipment, and in particular relates to a real-time monitoring device for the state of fasteners in electric passenger cars. Background Art

[0002] In the actual operation of the rail transit industry, it is common for the bolts at key connection points of the vehicle body to become loose. Some operating vehicles even have serious safety hazards such as loose bolts falling off during operation, which poses a significant threat to the safe operation of the vehicle.

[0003] During the operation of the vehicle, due to factors such as vibration, the bolts at the key connection points of the vehicle body are prone to loosening or even falling off. If the situation is serious, it may lead to accidents involving people and vehicles. Traditional detection methods mainly rely on professional maintenance personnel using specific maintenance equipment to check the tightening stress of the bolts during the depot maintenance phase of the train. However, the above method cannot monitor the bolts in real time during the operation of the train, and manual inspection of the bolt tightening stress is inefficient, easy to miss inspection items, and requires a lot of human resources. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a real-time monitoring device for the state of fasteners of an electric passenger car, so as to at least solve some of the above technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A real-time monitoring device for the tightening status of fastening bolts of an electric passenger car comprises bolts, a fixing plate for connecting to a vehicle bottom device, an intelligent washer arranged on the fixing plate for detecting the tightening stress of the bolts, a data transmission module arranged in the intelligent washer and connected to a vehicle-mounted host, and an energy storage mechanism arranged in the intelligent washer and respectively connected to the intelligent washer and the data transmission module; the bolts pass through the fixing plate to connect to the vehicle bottom device and press the intelligent washer onto the fixing plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the smart gasket includes an annular shell arranged on a fixed plate, a first pressure sensor arranged in the annular shell, a packaging mechanism arranged in the annular shell for packaging the first pressure sensor, an early warning mechanism arranged in the packaging mechanism and connected to the vehicle-mounted host for preventing damage to the first pressure sensor, a sealing cover arranged in the annular shell and respectively connected to the packaging mechanism and bolts and used for transmitting force, and an annular limiting ring arranged on the sealing cover and connected to the annular shell; the data transmission module is installed on the annular shell and connected to the first pressure sensor and the early warning mechanism, the bolts and screws are passed through the annular shell, and the energy storage mechanism is connected to the early warning mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the packaging mechanism includes a mounting groove opened on the annular shell, and a first packaging plate and a second packaging plate arranged in the mounting groove; the first pressure sensor is installed between the first packaging plate and the second packaging plate, the early warning mechanism is arranged between the first packaging plate and the second packaging plate, a sealing mechanism is provided between the first packaging plate and the second packaging plate, and the sealing cover is pressed against the second packaging plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the early warning mechanism includes a stress rod arranged on the first packaging board, a limit plate slidably arranged on the stress rod, a pressure spring mounted on the stress rod and having one end abutting against the top surface of the first packaging board and the other end abutting against the bottom surface of the limit plate, a second pressure sensor arranged at the end of the stress rod, and a clearance groove opened on the second packaging board and adapted to the stress rod, the stress rod being inserted into the clearance groove and abutting against the top surface of the limit plate; the second pressure sensor is respectively connected to the data transmission module and the energy storage mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, a mounting ring groove matched with the first pressure sensor is provided on the first packaging board, and the first pressure sensor is installed in the mounting ring groove and the top surface and the bottom surface are respectively against the second packaging board and the first packaging board.

[0011] Furthermore, the sealing mechanism includes a first sealing groove and a second sealing groove respectively opened on the first packaging plate, and two sealing rings respectively embedded in the first sealing groove and the second sealing groove, and the first pressure sensor is located between the first sealing groove and the second sealing groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the energy storage mechanism includes a storage battery which is arranged in the annular housing and is respectively connected to the first pressure sensor and the early warning mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, a battery mounting groove adapted to the battery is provided at the bottom of the annular shell, and a battery sealing plate is provided on the annular shell for sealing the battery mounting groove; the battery is encapsulated in the battery mounting groove through the battery sealing plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the data transmission module includes a connector threadedly connected to the smart gasket, and a signal line arranged in the connector, one end of which is connected to the smart gasket and the other end of which is connected to the vehicle-mounted host.

[0015] Furthermore, a base plate is provided on the fixing plate, the base plate is abutted against the smart washer, and a washer is provided between the bolt head and the smart washer.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention has a simple structure, a scientific and reasonable design, and is easy to use. During use, the bolt passes through the fixing plate to connect with the vehicle bottom equipment and presses the smart washer onto the fixing plate. The smart washer monitors the extrusion force between the bolt and the fixing plate, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the tightening stress of the bolt, and transmits the data detected by the smart washer to the vehicle-mounted host and displays it through the data transmission module. The monitoring personnel can judge whether the bolt has fallen off or loosened during use based on the pressure data monitored by the pressure sensor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the smart gasket of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A is an enlarged view of the figure.

[0021] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the smart gasket of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the annular housing of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first packaging board of the present invention. (The stress rod is not shown in the figure)

[0024] Figure 7 It is a control block diagram of the present invention.

[0025] The names corresponding to the reference numerals are:

[0026] 1. Bolts; 2. Fixing plate; 3. Smart gasket; 4. Annular shell; 5. First packaging plate; 6. First pressure sensor; 7. Second packaging plate; 8. Cover; 9. First sealing groove; 10. Second sealing groove; 11. Sealing ring; 12. Mounting groove; 13. Mounting ring groove; 14. Battery; 15. Battery mounting groove; 16. Battery sealing plate; 19. Connector; 20. Signal line; 21. Bottom plate; 22. Gasket; 23. Annular limit ring; 24. Stress rod; 25. Limit plate; 26. Pressure spring; 27. Second pressure sensor; 28. Clearance groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore they cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; of course, it can also be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; in addition, it can also be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] Example 1.

[0031] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a real-time monitoring device for the tightening state of an electric passenger car tightening bolt 1, comprising a bolt 1, and also comprising a fixing plate 2 for connecting to an underbody device, an intelligent washer 3 provided on the fixing plate 2 for detecting the tightening stress of the bolt 1, a data transmission module provided in the intelligent washer 3 and connected to an on-board host, and an energy storage mechanism provided in the intelligent washer 3 and respectively connected to the intelligent washer 3 and the data transmission module; the bolt 1 passes through the fixing plate 2 and is connected to the underbody device and presses the intelligent washer 3 onto the fixing plate 2.

[0032] During use of the present invention, the bolt 11 passes through the fixing plate 22 to connect with the vehicle bottom equipment and presses the smart washer 33 onto the fixing plate 22. The smart washer 33 monitors the extrusion force between the bolt 11 and the fixing plate 22, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the tightening stress of the bolt 11, and transmits the data detected by the smart washer 33 to the vehicle-mounted host through the data transmission module and displays it. The monitoring personnel can determine whether the bolt has fallen off or loosened during use based on the pressure data monitored by the smart washer 33.

[0033] Example 2.

[0034] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a real-time monitoring device for the tightening state of an electric passenger car tightening bolt 1, comprising a bolt 1, and also comprising a fixing plate 2 for connecting to an underbody device, an intelligent washer 3 provided on the fixing plate 2 for detecting the tightening stress of the bolt 1, a data transmission module provided in the intelligent washer 3 and connected to an on-board host, and an energy storage mechanism provided in the intelligent washer 3 and respectively connected to the intelligent washer 3 and the data transmission module; the bolt 1 passes through the fixing plate 2 and is connected to the underbody device and presses the intelligent washer 3 onto the fixing plate 2.

[0035] The smart gasket 3 includes an annular shell 4 arranged on the fixing plate 2, a first pressure sensor 6 arranged in the annular shell 4, a packaging mechanism arranged in the annular shell 4 for packaging the first pressure sensor 6, an early warning mechanism arranged in the packaging mechanism and connected to the vehicle-mounted host for preventing damage to the first pressure sensor 6, a cover 8 arranged in the annular shell 4 and connected to the packaging mechanism and the bolt 1 respectively and used for force transmission, and an annular limit ring 23 arranged on the cover 8 and connected to the annular shell 4; the data transmission module is installed on the annular shell 4 and connected to the first pressure sensor 6 and the early warning mechanism, the screw of the bolt 1 is passed through the annular shell 4, and the energy storage mechanism is connected to the early warning mechanism.

[0036] Based on Example 1, this Example 2 provides a more preferred structure of the smart gasket 3, specifically: the smart gasket 3 includes an annular shell 4 arranged on the fixing plate 2, a first pressure sensor 6 arranged in the annular shell 4, a packaging mechanism arranged in the annular shell 4 for packaging the first pressure sensor 6, an early warning mechanism arranged in the packaging mechanism and connected to the vehicle-mounted host for preventing damage to the first pressure sensor 6, a cover 8 arranged in the annular shell 4 and connected to the packaging mechanism and the bolt 1 respectively and used for force transmission, and an annular limit ring 23 arranged on the cover 8 and connected to the annular shell 4; the data transmission module is installed on the annular shell 4 and connected to the first pressure sensor 6 and the early warning mechanism, the bolt 1 screw is inserted into the annular shell 4, and the energy storage mechanism is connected to the early warning mechanism.

[0037] The first pressure sensor 6 of the present invention is installed in the annular housing 4, the packaging mechanism is arranged in the annular housing 4 and packages the first pressure sensor 6, the cover 8 is arranged in the annular housing 4 and connected to the packaging mechanism and the bolt 1 respectively, the data transmission module is installed on the annular housing 4 and connected to the first pressure sensor 6, when in use, the bolt 1 screw rod is inserted into the annular housing 4, and as the bolt 1 is tightened, the bolt 1 continuously applies pressure to the cover 8, and the pressure applied by the bolt 1 is detected by the first pressure sensor 6, and at the same time, the first pressure sensor 6 transmits the detected pressure signal to the vehicle-mounted host through the data transmission module, and the vehicle-mounted host compares the pressure value detected by the first pressure sensor 6 with the preset value. If the pressure value detected by the first pressure sensor 6 is lower than the preset value, the bolt 1 is loosened, which is convenient for real-time monitoring of the tightening stress of the first bolt 1, thereby preventing the bolt 1 from loosening or falling off. The inner diameter of the annular housing 4 is larger than the outer diameter of the screw rod on the bolt 1.

[0038] The annular shell 4 of the present invention is provided with a limiting installation groove compatible with the annular limiting ring 23. When the cover 8 is installed on the annular shell 4, the annular limiting ring 23 is located in the limiting installation groove, and the depth of the limiting installation groove is greater than the height of the annular limiting ring 23. When the bolt 1 is tightened too much, the bolt 1 can only damage the cover 8, thereby avoiding damage to the first pressure sensor 6.

[0039] Example 3.

[0040] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a real-time monitoring device for the tightening state of an electric passenger car tightening bolt 1, comprising a bolt 1, and also comprising a fixing plate 2 for connecting to an underbody device, an intelligent washer 3 provided on the fixing plate 2 for detecting the tightening stress of the bolt 1, a data transmission module provided in the intelligent washer 3 and connected to an on-board host, and an energy storage mechanism provided in the intelligent washer 3 and respectively connected to the intelligent washer 3 and the data transmission module; the bolt 1 passes through the fixing plate 2 and is connected to the underbody device and presses the intelligent washer 3 onto the fixing plate 2.

[0041] The smart gasket 3 includes an annular shell 4 arranged on the fixing plate 2, a first pressure sensor 6 arranged in the annular shell 4, a packaging mechanism arranged in the annular shell 4 for packaging the first pressure sensor 6, an early warning mechanism arranged in the packaging mechanism and connected to the vehicle-mounted host for preventing damage to the first pressure sensor 6, a cover 8 arranged in the annular shell 4 and connected to the packaging mechanism and the bolt 1 respectively and used for force transmission, and an annular limit ring 23 arranged on the cover 8 and connected to the annular shell 4; the data transmission module is installed on the annular shell 4 and connected to the first pressure sensor 6 and the early warning mechanism, the screw of the bolt 1 is passed through the annular shell 4, and the energy storage mechanism is connected to the early warning mechanism.

[0042] The packaging mechanism includes a mounting groove 12 opened on the annular housing 4, and a first packaging plate 5 and a second packaging plate 7 arranged in the mounting groove 12; the first pressure sensor 6 is installed between the first packaging plate 5 and the second packaging plate 7, the early warning mechanism is arranged between the first packaging plate 5 and the second packaging plate 7, a sealing mechanism is arranged between the first packaging plate 5 and the second packaging plate 7, and the cover 8 is pressed against the second packaging plate 7.

[0043] This embodiment 3 provides a more preferred structure of the packaging mechanism based on the embodiment 2, specifically: the packaging mechanism includes a mounting groove 12 opened on the annular housing 4, and a first packaging plate 5 and a second packaging plate 7 arranged in the mounting groove 12; the first pressure sensor 6 is installed between the first packaging plate 5 and the second packaging plate 7, the early warning mechanism is arranged between the first packaging plate 5 and the second packaging plate 7, a sealing mechanism is arranged between the first packaging plate 5 and the second packaging plate 7, and the cover 8 is pressed against the second packaging plate 7. .

[0044] The mounting groove 12 on the annular shell 4 of the present invention has an annular structure. The first packaging plate 5 and the second packaging plate 7 are both arranged in the mounting groove 12, and the first pressure sensor 6 is installed between the first packaging plate 5 and the second packaging plate 7. At the same time, the first pressure sensor 6 is sealed between the first packaging plate 5 and the second packaging plate 7 by a sealing mechanism, thereby avoiding damage to the first pressure sensor 6. The cover 8 is pressed against the second packaging plate 7. During use, the bolt 1 continuously applies pressure to the cover 8 during the tightening process, and the cover 8 transfers the pressure to the second packaging plate 7. The second packaging plate 7 applies pressure to the first pressure sensor 6, thereby facilitating the first pressure sensor 6 to detect the tightening stress of the bolt 1.

[0045] Example 4.

[0046] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a real-time monitoring device for the tightening state of an electric passenger car tightening bolt 1, comprising a bolt 1, and also comprising a fixing plate 2 for connecting to an underbody device, an intelligent washer 3 provided on the fixing plate 2 for detecting the tightening stress of the bolt 1, a data transmission module provided in the intelligent washer 3 and connected to an on-board host, and an energy storage mechanism provided in the intelligent washer 3 and respectively connected to the intelligent washer 3 and the data transmission module; the bolt 1 passes through the fixing plate 2 and is connected to the underbody device and presses the intelligent washer 3 onto the fixing plate 2.

[0047] The smart gasket 3 includes an annular shell 4 arranged on the fixing plate 2, a first pressure sensor 6 arranged in the annular shell 4, a packaging mechanism arranged in the annular shell 4 for packaging the first pressure sensor 6, an early warning mechanism arranged in the packaging mechanism and connected to the vehicle-mounted host for preventing damage to the first pressure sensor 6, a cover 8 arranged in the annular shell 4 and connected to the packaging mechanism and the bolt 1 respectively and used for force transmission, and an annular limit ring 23 arranged on the cover 8 and connected to the annular shell 4; the data transmission module is installed on the annular shell 4 and connected to the first pressure sensor 6 and the early warning mechanism, the screw of the bolt 1 is passed through the annular shell 4, and the energy storage mechanism is connected to the early warning mechanism.

[0048] The packaging mechanism includes a mounting groove 12 opened on the annular shell 4, and a first packaging plate 5 and a second packaging plate 7 arranged in the mounting groove 12; the first pressure sensor 6 is installed between the first packaging plate 5 and the second packaging plate 7, the early warning mechanism is arranged between the first packaging plate 5 and the second packaging plate 7, a sealing mechanism is arranged between the first packaging plate 5 and the second packaging plate 7, and the cover 8 is pressed against the second packaging plate 7.

[0049] The early warning mechanism includes a stress rod 24 arranged on the first packaging plate 5, a limit plate 25 slidably arranged on the stress rod 24, a pressure spring 26 sleeved on the stress rod 24 and with one end abutting against the top surface of the first packaging plate 5 and the other end abutting against the bottom surface of the limit plate 25, a second pressure sensor 27 arranged at the end of the stress rod 24, and a clearance groove 28 opened on the second packaging plate 7 and adapted to the stress rod 24, the stress rod 24 is inserted into the clearance groove 28 and abuts against the top surface of the limit plate 25; the second pressure sensor 27 is respectively connected to the data transmission module and the energy storage mechanism.

[0050] Based on Example 3, this embodiment 4 provides a more preferred structure of the early warning mechanism, specifically: the early warning mechanism includes a stress rod 24 arranged on the first packaging plate 5, a limit plate 25 slidably arranged on the stress rod 24, a pressure spring 26 sleeved on the stress rod 24 and with one end abutting against the top surface of the first packaging plate 5 and the other end abutting against the bottom surface of the limit plate 25, a second pressure sensor 27 arranged at the end of the stress rod 24, and a clearance groove 28 opened on the second packaging plate 7 and adapted to the stress rod 24, the stress rod 24 is inserted into the clearance groove 28 and abuts against the top surface of the limit plate 25; the second pressure sensor 27 is respectively connected to the data transmission module and the energy storage mechanism.

[0051] The stress rod 24 of the present invention is installed on the first packaging plate 5, and the limit plate 25 is slidably installed on the stress rod 24. The pressure spring 26 is sleeved on the stress rod 24 and one end is pressed against the top surface of the first packaging plate 5 and the other end is pressed against the bottom surface of the limit plate 25. The limit plate 25 can be pressed against the bottom surface of the second packaging plate 7 by the pressure spring 26. At the same time, the pressure of the second packaging plate 7 can be limited by the pressure spring 26, so as to prevent the second packaging plate 7 from damaging the first pressure sensor 6. When the bolt 1 is loose, the pressure spring 26 can push the limit plate 25 to move upward, and the limit plate 25 pushes the second packaging plate 7 to move upward. The monitoring personnel can judge whether the bolt 1 has fallen off or loosened during use according to the pressure data monitored by the first pressure sensor 6. The second pressure sensor 27 is installed on the top surface of the stress rod 24. The second packaging plate 7 is provided with a clearance groove 28 adapted to the stress rod 24. The stress rod 24 is inserted into the clearance groove 28 and pressed against the top surface of the limit plate 25.

[0052] When the present invention is in use, the stress rod 24 is inserted into the give way groove 28 and abuts against the top surface of the limit plate 25. When the bolt 1 is tightened, the bolt 1 drives the cover 8 to be pressed down, and the cover 8 drives the second packaging plate 7 to be pressed down, and the second packaging plate 7 squeezes the first pressure sensor 6. At the same time, the stress rod 24 slides in the give way groove 28. When the tightening force of the bolt 1 is too large, the second packaging plate 7 drives the limit plate 25 to be pressed down to squeeze the pressure spring 26, so that the second pressure sensor 27 is located in the give way groove 28 and abuts against the top surface inside the give way groove 28. Through the second pressure sensor 27, the pressure between the top surface of the stress rod 24 and the top surface inside the give way groove 28 can be detected. When the second pressure sensor 27 detects pressure, the pressure sensor 27 transmits the detected data to the vehicle-mounted host. The monitoring personnel can judge whether the tightening force of the bolt 1 is too large based on the pressure data monitored by the second pressure sensor 27, thereby avoiding the second packaging plate 7 from crushing the first sensor 6.

[0053] Example 5.

[0054] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a real-time monitoring device for the tightening state of an electric passenger car tightening bolt 1, comprising a bolt 1, and also comprising a fixing plate 2 for connecting to an underbody device, an intelligent washer 3 provided on the fixing plate 2 for detecting the tightening stress of the bolt 1, a data transmission module provided in the intelligent washer 3 and connected to an on-board host, and an energy storage mechanism provided in the intelligent washer 3 and respectively connected to the intelligent washer 3 and the data transmission module; the bolt 1 passes through the fixing plate 2 and is connected to the underbody device and presses the intelligent washer 3 onto the fixing plate 2.

[0055] The smart gasket 3 includes an annular shell 4 arranged on the fixing plate 2, a first pressure sensor 6 arranged in the annular shell 4, a packaging mechanism arranged in the annular shell 4 for packaging the first pressure sensor 6, an early warning mechanism arranged in the packaging mechanism and connected to the vehicle-mounted host for preventing damage to the first pressure sensor 6, a cover 8 arranged in the annular shell 4 and connected to the packaging mechanism and the bolt 1 respectively and used for force transmission, and an annular limit ring 23 arranged on the cover 8 and connected to the annular shell 4; the data transmission module is installed on the annular shell 4 and connected to the first pressure sensor 6 and the early warning mechanism, the screw of the bolt 1 is passed through the annular shell 4, and the energy storage mechanism is connected to the early warning mechanism.

[0056] The packaging mechanism includes a mounting groove 12 opened on the annular housing 4, and a first packaging plate 5 and a second packaging plate 7 arranged in the mounting groove 12; the first pressure sensor 6 is installed between the first packaging plate 5 and the second packaging plate 7, the early warning mechanism is arranged between the first packaging plate 5 and the second packaging plate 7, a sealing mechanism is arranged between the first packaging plate 5 and the second packaging plate 7, and the cover 8 is pressed against the second packaging plate 7.

[0057] The first packaging board 5 is provided with a mounting ring groove 13 adapted to the first pressure sensor 6 . The first pressure sensor 6 is installed in the mounting ring groove 13 and the top surface and the bottom surface abut against the second packaging board 7 and the first packaging board 5 respectively.

[0058] Based on Example 3, this Example 6 provides a more preferred structure of the first packaging board 5, specifically: a mounting ring groove 13 adapted to the first pressure sensor 6 is provided on the first packaging board 5, and the first pressure sensor 6 is installed in the mounting ring groove 13 and the top and bottom surfaces are respectively against the second packaging board 7 and the first packaging board 5.

[0059] The first packaging board 5 of the present invention is provided with a mounting groove 13 , the first pressure sensor 6 is installed in the mounting groove 13 and the top and bottom surfaces are respectively against the second packaging board 7 and the first packaging board 5 , and the mounting groove 13 can facilitate the installation of the first pressure sensor 66 .

[0060] Example 6.

[0061] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a real-time monitoring device for the tightening state of an electric passenger car tightening bolt 1, comprising a bolt 1, and also comprising a fixing plate 2 for connecting to an underbody device, an intelligent washer 3 provided on the fixing plate 2 for detecting the tightening stress of the bolt 1, a data transmission module provided in the intelligent washer 3 and connected to an on-board host, and an energy storage mechanism provided in the intelligent washer 3 and respectively connected to the intelligent washer 3 and the data transmission module; the bolt 1 passes through the fixing plate 2 and is connected to the underbody device and presses the intelligent washer 3 onto the fixing plate 2.

[0062] The smart gasket 3 includes an annular shell 4 arranged on the fixing plate 2, a first pressure sensor 6 arranged in the annular shell 4, a packaging mechanism arranged in the annular shell 4 for packaging the first pressure sensor 6, an early warning mechanism arranged in the packaging mechanism and connected to the vehicle-mounted host for preventing damage to the first pressure sensor 6, a cover 8 arranged in the annular shell 4 and connected to the packaging mechanism and the bolt 1 respectively and used for force transmission, and an annular limit ring 23 arranged on the cover 8 and connected to the annular shell 4; the data transmission module is installed on the annular shell 4 and connected to the first pressure sensor 6 and the early warning mechanism, the screw of the bolt 1 is passed through the annular shell 4, and the energy storage mechanism is connected to the early warning mechanism.

[0063] The packaging mechanism includes a mounting groove 12 opened on the annular housing 4, and a first packaging plate 5 and a second packaging plate 7 arranged in the mounting groove 12; the first pressure sensor 6 is installed between the first packaging plate 5 and the second packaging plate 7, the early warning mechanism is arranged between the first packaging plate 5 and the second packaging plate 7, a sealing mechanism is arranged between the first packaging plate 5 and the second packaging plate 7, and the cover 8 is pressed against the second packaging plate 7.

[0064] The sealing mechanism includes a first sealing groove 9 and a second sealing groove 10 respectively opened on the first packaging plate 5 , and two sealing rings 11 respectively embedded in the first sealing groove 9 and the second sealing groove 10 . The first pressure sensor 6 is located between the first sealing groove 9 and the second sealing groove 10 .

[0065] Based on Example 3, this Example 6 provides a more preferred structure of the sealing mechanism, specifically: the sealing mechanism includes a first sealing groove 9 and a second sealing groove 10 respectively opened on the first packaging plate 5, and two sealing rings 11 respectively embedded in the first sealing groove 9 and the second sealing groove 10, and the first pressure sensor 6 is located between the first sealing groove 9 and the second sealing groove 10.

[0066] The first sealing groove 9 and the second sealing groove 10 of the present invention are respectively provided on the first packaging plate 5 and the mounting ring groove 13 is located between the first sealing groove 9 and the second sealing groove 10. Two sealing rings 11 are respectively embedded in the first sealing groove 9 and the second sealing groove 10. Specifically, when the first pressure sensor 6 is installed in the mounting ring groove 13, the first pressure sensor 6 is located between the first sealing groove 9 and the second sealing groove 10. At the same time, the bottom surface of the second packaging plate 7 is respectively pressed against the two sealing rings 11, so that the first pressure sensor 6 is sealed by the two sealing rings 11 to prevent the first pressure sensor 6 from being damaged by water ingress. The first sealing groove 9 and the second sealing groove 10 are cocentrically distributed.

[0067] Example 7.

[0068] like Figure 1-7As shown, the present invention provides a real-time monitoring device for the tightening state of an electric passenger car tightening bolt 1, comprising a bolt 1, and also comprising a fixing plate 2 for connecting to an underbody device, an intelligent washer 3 provided on the fixing plate 2 for detecting the tightening stress of the bolt 1, a data transmission module provided in the intelligent washer 3 and connected to an on-board host, and an energy storage mechanism provided in the intelligent washer 3 and respectively connected to the intelligent washer 3 and the data transmission module; the bolt 1 passes through the fixing plate 2 and is connected to the underbody device and presses the intelligent washer 3 onto the fixing plate 2.

[0069] The smart gasket 3 includes an annular shell 4 arranged on the fixing plate 2, a first pressure sensor 6 arranged in the annular shell 4, a packaging mechanism arranged in the annular shell 4 for packaging the first pressure sensor 6, an early warning mechanism arranged in the packaging mechanism and connected to the vehicle-mounted host for preventing damage to the first pressure sensor 6, a cover 8 arranged in the annular shell 4 and connected to the packaging mechanism and the bolt 1 respectively and used for force transmission, and an annular limit ring 23 arranged on the cover 8 and connected to the annular shell 4; the data transmission module is installed on the annular shell 4 and connected to the first pressure sensor 6 and the early warning mechanism, the screw of the bolt 1 is passed through the annular shell 4, and the energy storage mechanism is connected to the early warning mechanism.

[0070] The energy storage mechanism includes a storage battery 14 which is arranged in the annular housing 4 and is connected to the first pressure sensor 6 and the early warning mechanism respectively.

[0071] This embodiment 7 provides a more preferred structure of the energy storage mechanism on the basis of embodiment 2, specifically: the energy storage mechanism includes a battery 14 arranged in the annular housing 4 and connected to the first pressure sensor 6.

[0072] The battery 14 of the present invention is installed in the annular shell 4 and is connected to the first pressure sensor 6 and the second pressure sensor 27 respectively. The battery 14 can provide necessary power support for the first pressure sensor 6 and the second pressure sensor 27, thereby facilitating the first pressure sensor 6 and the second pressure sensor 27 to detect the pressure signal.

[0073] Example 8.

[0074] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a real-time monitoring device for the tightening state of an electric passenger car tightening bolt 1, comprising a bolt 1, and also comprising a fixing plate 2 for connecting to an underbody device, an intelligent washer 3 provided on the fixing plate 2 for detecting the tightening stress of the bolt 1, a data transmission module provided in the intelligent washer 3 and connected to an on-board host, and an energy storage mechanism provided in the intelligent washer 3 and respectively connected to the intelligent washer 3 and the data transmission module; the bolt 1 passes through the fixing plate 2 and is connected to the underbody device and presses the intelligent washer 3 onto the fixing plate 2.

[0075] The smart gasket 3 includes an annular shell 4 arranged on the fixing plate 2, a first pressure sensor 6 arranged in the annular shell 4, a packaging mechanism arranged in the annular shell 4 for packaging the first pressure sensor 6, an early warning mechanism arranged in the packaging mechanism and connected to the vehicle-mounted host for preventing damage to the first pressure sensor 6, a cover 8 arranged in the annular shell 4 and connected to the packaging mechanism and the bolt 1 respectively and used for force transmission, and an annular limit ring 23 arranged on the cover 8 and connected to the annular shell 4; the data transmission module is installed on the annular shell 4 and connected to the first pressure sensor 6 and the early warning mechanism, the screw of the bolt 1 is passed through the annular shell 4, and the energy storage mechanism is connected to the early warning mechanism.

[0076] The energy storage mechanism includes a storage battery 14 which is arranged in the annular housing 4 and is connected to the data transmission module and the first pressure sensor 6 respectively.

[0077] A battery installation slot 15 adapted to the battery 14 is provided at the bottom of the annular shell 4 , and a battery sealing plate 16 is provided on the annular shell 4 for sealing the battery installation slot 15 ; the battery 14 is encapsulated in the battery installation slot 15 through the battery sealing plate 16 .

[0078] Based on Example 7, this Example 8 provides a more preferred structure of the annular shell 4, specifically: a battery mounting groove 15 adapted to the battery 14 is provided at the bottom of the annular shell 4, and a battery sealing plate 16 is provided on the annular shell 4 for sealing the battery mounting groove 15; the battery 14 is encapsulated in the battery mounting groove 15 through the battery sealing plate 16.

[0079] A battery mounting groove 15 is provided at the bottom of the annular shell 4 of the present invention, and a battery sealing plate 16 is provided on the annular shell 4 for sealing the battery mounting groove 15. The battery 14 is installed in the battery mounting groove 15 and is encapsulated in the battery mounting groove 15 through the battery sealing plate 16. The battery sealing plate 16 can seal the battery mounting groove 15, thereby preventing the battery 14 from being damaged by water.

[0080] Example 9.

[0081] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a real-time monitoring device for the tightening state of an electric passenger car tightening bolt 1, comprising a bolt 1, and also comprising a fixing plate 2 for connecting to an underbody device, an intelligent washer 3 provided on the fixing plate 2 for detecting the tightening stress of the bolt 1, a data transmission module provided in the intelligent washer 3 and connected to an on-board host, and an energy storage mechanism provided in the intelligent washer 3 and respectively connected to the intelligent washer 3 and the data transmission module; the bolt 1 passes through the fixing plate 2 and is connected to the underbody device and presses the intelligent washer 3 onto the fixing plate 2.

[0082] The data transmission module includes a connector 19 threadedly connected to the smart gasket 3, and a signal line 20 disposed in the connector 19, one end of which is connected to the smart gasket 3 and the other end of which is connected to the vehicle-mounted host.

[0083] Based on Example 1, this Example 9 provides a more preferred structure of the data transmission module, specifically: the data transmission module includes a connector 19 threadedly connected to the smart gasket 3, and a signal line 20 arranged in the connector 19, one end of which is connected to the smart gasket 3 and the other end of which is connected to the vehicle-mounted host.

[0084] The connector 19 of the present invention can seal and protect the signal line 20, and at the same time prevent water from entering the smart gasket 3. One end of the signal line 20 is respectively connected to the first pressure sensor 6 and the second pressure sensor 27, and the other end is connected to the vehicle-mounted host. The signal line 20 can transmit the signals detected by the first pressure sensor 6 and the second pressure sensor 27 to the vehicle-mounted host, thereby facilitating the transmission of the signals detected by the first pressure sensor 6 and the second pressure sensor 27. Specifically, the first pressure sensor 6 and the second pressure sensor 27 respectively transmit the detected signals to the vehicle-mounted host through the signal line 20 and display them. The monitoring personnel can determine whether the bolt 1 has fallen off or loosened during use based on the pressure data monitored by the first pressure sensor 6, and at the same time, the monitoring personnel can determine whether the tightening force of the bolt 1 is too large based on the pressure data monitored by the second pressure sensor 27.

[0085] Example 10.

[0086] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a real-time monitoring device for the tightening state of an electric passenger car tightening bolt 1, comprising a bolt 1, and also comprising a fixing plate 2 for connecting to an underbody device, an intelligent washer 3 provided on the fixing plate 2 for detecting the tightening stress of the bolt 1, a data transmission module provided in the intelligent washer 3 and connected to an on-board host, and an energy storage mechanism provided in the intelligent washer 3 and respectively connected to the intelligent washer 3 and the data transmission module; the bolt 1 passes through the fixing plate 2 and is connected to the underbody device and presses the intelligent washer 3 onto the fixing plate 2.

[0087] A bottom plate 21 is provided on the fixing plate 2 , the bottom plate 21 abuts against the smart washer 3 , and a washer 22 is provided between the head of the bolt 1 and the smart washer 3 .

[0088] Based on Example 1, this Example 10 provides a more preferred structure of the fixing plate 2, specifically: a base plate 21 is provided on the fixing plate 2, the base plate 21 is abutted against the smart washer 3, and a washer 22 is provided between the head of the bolt 1 and the smart washer 3.

[0089] The bottom plate 21 of the present invention is arranged on the fixed plate 2, the bottom plate 21 is against the annular shell 4, a gasket 22 is provided between the head of the bolt 1 and the annular shell 4, and the gasket 22 is against the cover 8. During use, as the bolt 1 is continuously tightened, the head of the bolt 1 continuously applies pressure to the gasket 22, the gasket 22 pushes the cover 8 to move downward, the cover 8 applies pressure to the second packaging plate 7, and the second packaging plate 7 squeezes the first pressure sensor 6, so as to facilitate the first pressure sensor 6 to detect the pressure applied to the bolt 1, and the bottom plate 21 can facilitate the support of the annular shell 4.

[0090] The storage battery 14 of the present invention is preferably a button battery.

[0091] The first pressure sensor 6, battery 14, second pressure sensor 27 and vehicle-mounted host used in the present invention are all existing technologies and can be directly purchased and used on the market. Therefore, the structure, circuit and principle of the first pressure sensor 6, battery 14, second pressure sensor 27 and vehicle-mounted host are not described in detail here.

[0092] The smart gasket 3 used in the present invention can be applied to key bolts in rails, contact networks, tunnels, bridges, etc. in rail transportation, so as to facilitate real-time monitoring of the bolt tightening stress.

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them, and certainly not limiting the patent scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. In other words, any changes or modifications made to the main design concept and spirit of the present invention that have no substantive significance, and the technical problems they solve are still consistent with the present invention, should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the direct or indirect application of the technical solutions of the present invention in other related technical fields is also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring device for the tightening state of a fastening bolt of an electric passenger car, comprising a bolt (1), characterized in that: The invention also comprises a fixing plate (2) for connecting the vehicle bottom equipment, a smart washer (3) arranged on the fixing plate (2) for detecting the tightening stress of the bolt (1), a data transmission module arranged in the smart washer (3) and connected to the vehicle-mounted host, and an energy storage mechanism arranged in the smart washer (3) and connected to the smart washer (3) and the data transmission module respectively; the bolt (1) passes through the fixing plate (2) to connect to the vehicle bottom equipment and presses the smart washer (3) onto the fixing plate (2).

2. A real-time monitoring device for the tightening status of the fastening bolts of an electric passenger car according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent gasket (3) comprises an annular shell (4) arranged on a fixing plate (2), a first pressure sensor (6) arranged in the annular shell (4), a packaging mechanism arranged in the annular shell (4) for packaging the first pressure sensor (6), an early warning mechanism arranged in the packaging mechanism and connected to a vehicle-mounted host for preventing the first pressure sensor (6) from being damaged, a sealing cover (8) arranged in the annular shell (4) and respectively connected to the packaging mechanism and the bolt (1) and used for transmitting force, and an annular limiting ring (23) arranged on the sealing cover (8) and connected to the annular shell (4); a data transmission module is installed on the annular shell (4) and connected to the first pressure sensor (6) and the early warning mechanism, a screw of the bolt (1) is inserted into the annular shell (4), and an energy storage mechanism is connected to the early warning mechanism.

3. A real-time monitoring device for the tightening status of the fastening bolts of an electric passenger car according to claim 2, characterized in that: The packaging mechanism comprises a mounting groove (12) provided on the annular housing (4), and a first packaging plate (5) and a second packaging plate (7) arranged in the mounting groove (12); a first pressure sensor (6) is installed between the first packaging plate (5) and the second packaging plate (7); an early warning mechanism is arranged between the first packaging plate (5) and the second packaging plate (7); a sealing mechanism is arranged between the first packaging plate (5) and the second packaging plate (7); and a sealing cover (8) is abutted against the second packaging plate (7).

4. A real-time monitoring device for the tightening state of the fastening bolts of an electric passenger car according to claim 3, characterized in that: The early warning mechanism comprises a stress rod (24) arranged on a first packaging plate (5), a limit plate (25) slidably arranged on the stress rod (24), a pressure spring (26) sleeved on the stress rod (24) and having one end abutting against the top surface of the first packaging plate (5) and the other end abutting against the bottom surface of the limit plate (25), a second pressure sensor (27) arranged at the end of the stress rod (24), and a clearance groove (28) opened on the second packaging plate (7) and adapted to the stress rod (24), the stress rod (24) being inserted into the clearance groove (28) and abutting against the top surface of the limit plate (25); the second pressure sensor (27) is respectively connected to the data transmission module and the energy storage mechanism.

5. The device for real-time monitoring of the tightening state of the fastening bolts of an electric passenger car according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first packaging plate (5) is provided with a mounting ring groove (13) adapted to the first pressure sensor (6); the first pressure sensor (6) is mounted in the mounting ring groove (13) and its top surface and bottom surface are respectively abutted against the second packaging plate (7) and the first packaging plate (5).

6. The device for real-time monitoring of the tightening state of the fastening bolts of an electric passenger car according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealing mechanism comprises a first sealing groove (9) and a second sealing groove (10) respectively formed on a first packaging plate (5), and two sealing rings (11) respectively embedded in the first sealing groove (9) and the second sealing groove (10); the first pressure sensor (6) is located between the first sealing groove (9) and the second sealing groove (10).

7. A real-time monitoring device for the tightening state of the fastening bolts of an electric passenger car according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy storage mechanism comprises a storage battery (14) which is arranged in an annular housing (4) and is respectively connected to the first pressure sensor (6) and the early warning mechanism.

8. The real-time monitoring device for the state of fasteners of electric passenger cars according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the annular housing (4) is provided with a battery installation groove (15) adapted to the storage battery (14), and a battery sealing plate (16) provided on the annular housing (4) for sealing the battery installation groove (15); the storage battery (14) is encapsulated in the battery installation groove (15) through the battery sealing plate (16).

9. The real-time monitoring device for fastener status of electric passenger car according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data transmission module comprises a connector (19) threadedly connected to the smart gasket (3), and a signal line (20) arranged in the connector (19), one end of which is connected to the smart gasket (3) and the other end of which is connected to the vehicle-mounted host.

10. The real-time monitoring device for fastener status of electric passenger car according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bottom plate (21) is provided on the fixing plate (2), the bottom plate (21) abuts against the smart washer (3), and a washer (22) is provided between the head of the bolt (1) and the smart washer (3).

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