Yupingfeng herb residue organic fertilizer for relieving continuous cropping obstacles of pogostemon cablin and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of organic fertilizers, in particular to a Yupingfeng herb residue organic fertilizer for relieving continuous cropping obstacles of pogostemon cablin and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding a compound strain into Yupingfeng dregs for fermentation, and fermenting to 40-60 DEG C for 10-15 days; stacking until the temperature of a pile body naturally drops to the environment temperature, and completing fermentation to obtain a fermentation product; and uniformly mixing the fermentation product with rice husk carbon to obtain the Yupingfeng herb residue organic fertilizer. The organic fertilizer is prepared from Yupingfeng dregs, composite strains and rice husk carbon, and the Yupingfeng dregs contain active ingredients, organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and other elements; the composite strain provides different microorganisms for degrading the Yupingfeng dregs; the potassium element is introduced into the rice husk carbon, good nutrition is provided for follow-up planting, phenolic acid in soil can be adsorbed, the content of the phenolic acid in the soil can be obviously reduced through the organic fertilizer under the continuous cropping condition, and the yield of pogostemon cablin under the continuous cropping condition is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, and in particular to a Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer for alleviating the obstacle of continuous cropping of patchouli and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Patchouli (scientific name: Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth.) is a perennial aromatic herb or semi-shrub of the genus Pogostemon in the family Lamiaceae. It is distributed in Taiwan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Fujian and other places in China. Patchouli stems or leaves are used for medicinal purposes, mainly for vomiting during pregnancy, stomach pain and the prevention of influenza. It is an aromatic stomachic, antipyretic and antiemetic agent. It is also an aromatic plant. Its aromatic oil has a strong fragrance and can be used as an excellent fixative.

[0003] At present, patchouli is used in large quantities in the manufacture of traditional Chinese medicines and cosmetics, and the demand is increasing day by day. However, patchouli cultivation has obvious problems with continuous cropping obstacles, which will lead to poor root growth and suppressed aboveground growth of patchouli, resulting in a decrease in yield and quality, greatly inhibiting the development of the patchouli industry. Therefore, some people began to study how to avoid continuous cropping obstacles in patchouli planting, such as patent number ZL 202310940491.7 "A method for continuous cropping of patchouli", which provides a method for continuous cropping of patchouli, applying coconut bran and farmyard manure as base fertilizer for patchouli planting; at the same time, bamboo charcoal, microbial fertilizer and organic fertilizer are also applied as compound fertilizer, and the organic fertilizer is composed of organic nutrients rich in amino acids and humus and microorganisms. However, this patent can only realize continuous planting of patchouli in one year. In actual production, patchouli is planted in spring (planted in April and harvested in October) or winter (planted in October and harvested in April of the following year). This patent adopts the spring planting method to plant within 10 days before and after the Qingming Festival, and then carry out subsequent planting around the Qingming Festival of the following year. Therefore, the patchouli in the prior art needs to wait for one year after one planting before the next round of planting, that is, winter planting and spring planting will not be carried out in the same year. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof for alleviating the obstacle of continuous cropping of patchouli, aiming to solve the technical problem in the prior art that patchouli needs to wait for one year before the next round of planting.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing a Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer for alleviating the obstacle of continuous cropping of patchouli, comprising the following steps: S1. adding a composite strain into the Yupingfeng medicinal residue for fermentation, fermenting to 40-60° C. and continuing for 10-15 days;

[0006] S2. Stacking until the temperature of the pile drops to ambient temperature, that is, fermentation is completed to obtain a fermentation product;

[0007] S3. The fermentation product is mixed evenly with rice husk carbon to obtain the Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer.

[0008] The organic fertilizer in this scheme is mainly made of Yupingfeng medicinal residue, composite strains and rice husk carbon. Among them, Yupingfeng medicinal residue contains some active ingredients, organic matter and elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus, which can be used as the main raw material for composting, and the discarded Yupingfeng medicinal residue is well recycled, without additional treatment, and is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly. Composite strains need to be added to the Yupingfeng medicinal residue to promote fermentation. Various microorganisms in the composite strains can quickly decompose organic matter to obtain fertilizers with better effects on patchouli planting. The rice husk carbon introduced in step S3 has a porous characteristic, which can facilitate the growth and reproduction of microorganisms during composting, increase the degradation rate of Yupingfeng medicinal residue by various microorganisms in the composite strains, and improve the composting process. In addition, the addition of rice husk carbon also introduces some potassium elements, which provides better nutrition for the subsequent planting of patchouli; at the same time, rice husk carbon can also adsorb phenolic acids in the soil to promote the good growth of patchouli during continuous cropping.

[0009] The central temperature of the fermentation pile in step S1 is the temperature of the fermented material naturally rising to 40-60°C during the fermentation process at room temperature. If it exceeds 60°C, the pile should be turned. The pile temperature in step S2 is naturally reduced. Of course, it can also be assisted by equipment to cool down. The ambient temperature in this solution refers to about 4-40°C.

[0010] The organic fertilizer made from the Yupingfeng medicinal residue obtained by the above steps can alleviate the obstacle of continuous cropping during the planting of patchouli, and can expand the planting of patchouli from one crop per year to two crops per year. During this period, the second sowing can be carried out after an interval of only one month or even more than ten days, thereby increasing the annual yield of patchouli.

[0011] Preferably, in step S1, the composite strain is composed of yeast, Aspergillus niger and Bacillus subtilis. The composite strain of this scheme is composed of yeast, Aspergillus niger and Bacillus subtilis. The composite strain composed of the above three bacteria has a good degradation effect on Yupingfeng medicinal residues, and the obtained organic fertilizer is of good quality. After the organic fertilizer is applied to patchouli planting, it can better alleviate the joint obstacle of patchouli.

[0012] Preferably, the weight ratio of the yeast, the Aspergillus niger and the Bacillus subtilis is 1:0.2-0.5:0.5-0.8.

[0013] Preferably, the concentrations of the yeast, the Aspergillus niger and the Bacillus subtilis are 8 to 12 billion cfu / g, 8 to 12 billion cfu / g and 4 to 6 billion cfu / g, respectively. When the weight ratio and concentration of the yeast, Aspergillus niger and Bacillus subtilis are respectively limited to the above ranges, the composite strain has a better degradation effect on the Yupingfeng medicinal residue, and the obtained organic fertilizer has a better promoting effect on the growth of Patchouli.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, the weight ratio of the Yupingfeng medicinal residue to the composite bacteria is 1:0.0001-0.0002.

[0015] Preferably, in step S1, the moisture content of the Yupingfeng residue is 50-70%. The moisture content of the Yupingfeng residue is important for the degradation of the composite bacteria. When the moisture content is maintained at the above-mentioned moisture content, the activity of the microorganisms in the composite bacteria can be ensured during the composting process, and the decomposition of organic matter can be promoted.

[0016] Preferably, in step S1, the pH of the Yupingfeng dregs is 5.5 to 8.5. Similarly, the pH value of the Yupingfeng dregs will also have a great influence on the activity of microorganisms in the composite strains. The composite strain selected in this scheme has an appropriate pH value of 5.5 to 8.5. In this pH range, the activity of microorganisms in the composite strains is high, and the degradation rate of organic matter in the Yupingfeng dregs is high.

[0017] Preferably, in step S3, the weight ratio of the fermentation product to the rice husk carbon is 3:1 to 1.5.

[0018] In addition, the present invention also provides a Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer, which is prepared by the preparation method of the Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer as described in any one of the above items.

[0019] The preparation method of the organic fertilizer of Yupingfeng medicinal residues for alleviating the continuous cropping obstacles of patchouli in the present application has the following beneficial effects: an organic fertilizer that can alleviate the continuous cropping obstacles of patchouli is prepared by the above steps, and the organic fertilizer is mainly made of Yupingfeng medicinal residues, composite bacteria and rice husk carbon, and the Yupingfeng medicinal residues contain some active ingredients, organic matter and elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus; the composite bacteria provide different microorganisms for degrading the Yupingfeng medicinal residues, specifically yeast, black Aspergillus and Bacillus subtilis; rice husk carbon introduces potassium elements, which provides better nutrition for the subsequent planting of patchouli; at the same time, it can also absorb phenolic acids in the soil, and promote the good growth of patchouli during continuous cropping. In summary, the organic fertilizer prepared from the above raw materials has been proved by experiments that the phenolic acid content in the soil can be significantly reduced in the continuous cropping situation (spring planting after a rest of about one month after the end of winter planting), and the patchouli yield under continuous cropping conditions is increased. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer is not specified for the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0021] The present application proposes a method for preparing a Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer for alleviating the obstacle of continuous cropping of patchouli, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1. Adding composite bacteria to the Yupingfeng residue for fermentation at 40-60°C for 10-15 days;

[0023] The composite bacterial strain is composed of yeast, Aspergillus niger and Bacillus subtilis, the weight ratio of the yeast, Aspergillus niger and Bacillus subtilis is 1:0.2-0.5:0.5-0.8, the concentrations of the yeast, Aspergillus niger and Bacillus subtilis are 8-12 billion cfu / g, 8-12 billion cfu / g and 4-6 billion cfu / g respectively; the weight ratio of the Yupingfeng medicinal residue to the composite bacterial strain is 1:0.0001-0.0002; the moisture content of the Yupingfeng medicinal residue is 50-70%, and the pH of the Yupingfeng medicinal residue is 5.5-8.5;

[0024] S2. Stacking until the temperature of the pile drops to ambient temperature, that is, fermentation is completed to obtain a fermentation product;

[0025] S3. The fermentation product and the rice husk carbon are mixed evenly to obtain the Yupingfeng dregs organic fertilizer;

[0026] Wherein, the weight ratio of the fermentation product to the rice husk carbon is 3:1 to 1.5.

[0027] In order to verify the effect of the above-mentioned organic fertilizer of Yupingfeng medicinal residues on alleviating the obstacle of continuous cropping of patchouli, this program has the following experiments:

[0028] The following embodiments and comparative examples show the method of using the Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer in patchouli planting: the Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer of this scheme is used as a base fertilizer, 10 days before patchouli planting, the organic fertilizer is evenly spread on the surface before ploughing the land, and the fertilizer is turned into the soil in combination with the ploughing land to blend the fertilizer and soil.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A method for preparing a Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer for alleviating the obstacle of patchouli continuous cropping, comprising the following steps:

[0031] S1. Adding composite bacteria to the Yupingfeng residue for fermentation at 40-60°C for 15 days; wherein the composite bacteria is composed of yeast, Aspergillus niger and Bacillus subtilis, the weight ratio of yeast, Aspergillus niger and Bacillus subtilis is 1:0.3:0.5, and the concentrations are 10 billion cfu / g, 10 billion cfu / g and 5 billion cfu / g respectively; the weight ratio of Yupingfeng residue to composite bacteria is 1:0.0001; the moisture content of Yupingfeng residue is 60%, and the pH value is 7.0;

[0032] S2. Stacking until the temperature of the pile naturally drops to the ambient temperature, that is, the fermentation is completed to obtain the fermentation product;

[0033] S3. The fermentation product is mixed evenly with rice husk carbon (produced by Dezhou Senkang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) to obtain the Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer; wherein the weight ratio of the fermentation product to the rice husk carbon is 3:1.

[0034] The following comparative examples are also provided for the above-mentioned Example 1. The patchouli planting process of the following comparative examples is consistent with that of Example 1. The differences are detailed in the following table:

[0035] Blank Group Patchouli is planted without fertilizer Example 1 <![CDATA[Apply the fermented product of Yupingfeng medicinal residues + rice husk carbon (1.5 + 0.5 kg / m 2 )]]> Comparative Example 1 <![CDATA[When Pogostemon cablin is planted, only the fermented product of the medicinal residues of Yupingfeng (1.5 kg / m 2 )]]> Comparative Example 2 <![CDATA[When cultivating Pogostemon cablin, only rice husk carbon is applied (0.5 kg / m 2 )]]>

[0036] Specific experimental and testing process: In order to highlight the comparative results of the above embodiment and the comparative example, after the spring planting (planting in April 2023), the soil after patchouli planting was taken to detect the content of several major phenolic acids (including p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and benzoic acid), and the average dry weight of patchouli per plant was measured; after harvesting, the soil was turned over, and the dosage was continued according to the spring planting dosage. One month later, winter planting was carried out (planting in October 2022). After the winter planting was completed, the above data were measured again. For specific test data, see the table below:

[0037] Test data (barrier factor unit mg / kg)

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] Referring to the test data in Table 2 above, as shown in the test results of Example 1 and the blank group, the phenolic acid content in the soil of Patchouli after two rounds of planting did not increase significantly, and the fresh weight of each plant increased. The average fresh weight of each plant in the two rounds of planting was maintained above 1 kg.

[0041] As shown in the test results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2, when the fermentation product of Yupingfeng medicinal residues or rice husk carbon was used alone, the phenolic acid content in the soil after two rounds of planting of Patchouli was also reduced compared with the blank group, but the phenolic acid content in the soil after the second round of planting was much greater than that in Example 1, and the average fresh weight per plant of Patchouli after two rounds of planting was not as high as that in Example 1, both maintained below 1 kg, and the average fresh weight per plant in the second round of planting was lighter than the average fresh weight per plant in the first round of planting.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. All equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present application specification under the inventive concept of the present application, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer for alleviating the obstacle of continuous cropping of patchouli, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Adding composite bacteria to the Yupingfeng medicinal residue for fermentation, fermenting to 40-60°C for 10-15 days; S2. Stacking until the temperature of the pile drops to ambient temperature, that is, fermentation is completed to obtain a fermentation product; S3. The fermentation product is mixed evenly with rice husk carbon to obtain the Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer.

2. A method for preparing a Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer for alleviating the continuous cropping obstacle of Patchouli according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the composite bacteria is composed of yeast, Aspergillus niger and Bacillus subtilis.

3. A method for preparing a Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer for alleviating the continuous cropping obstacle of Patchouli according to claim 2, characterized in that, The weight ratio of the yeast, the Aspergillus niger and the Bacillus subtilis is 1:0.2-0.5:0.5-0.

8.

4. A method for preparing a Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer for alleviating the continuous cropping obstacle of Patchouli according to claim 2, characterized in that, The concentrations of the yeast, the Aspergillus niger and the Bacillus subtilis are 8 to 12 billion cfu / g, 8 to 12 billion cfu / g and 4 to 6 billion cfu / g respectively.

5. A method for preparing a Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer for alleviating the continuous cropping obstacle of Patchouli according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the weight ratio of the Yupingfeng medicinal residue to the composite bacteria is 1:0.0001-0.0002.

6. A method for preparing a Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer for alleviating the continuous cropping obstacle of Patchouli according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the moisture content of the Yupingfeng medicinal residue is 50-70%.

7. A method for preparing a Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer for alleviating the continuous cropping obstacle of Patchouli according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the pH value of the Yupingfeng medicinal residue is 5.5-8.

5.

8. A method for preparing a Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer for alleviating the obstacle of continuous cropping of Patchouli according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the weight ratio of the fermentation product to the rice husk carbon is 3:1 to 1.

5.

9. A Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer is prepared by the method for preparing the Yupingfeng medicinal residue organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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