Bridge safety monitoring alarm method, system and device
By setting up sensors and trigger rope systems at the bottom of the bridge, real -time monitoring environment and vibration data, calculating the hazard index and triggering alarm device, solving the lack of bridge collapse alarm in existing technologies, and realizing the safety monitoring and collapse warning of the bridge. Effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411477585.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-24
AI Technical Summary
There is a lack of reliable and effective alarm methods and systems for bridge collapse accidents in the prior art, resulting in vehicles that fail to brake in time after the bridge collapse fall from the bridge collapse, causing casualties and property losses.
Set up sensors and triggers on the bottom of the bridge, set up sensors and triggers on the rope, collect environmental data and vibration data in real time, and calculate the hazard index. When the hazard index is greater than equal to the preset threshold, the alarm alarm is triggered. Rally trigger alarm.
The real -time safety monitoring and collapse warning of the bridge was achieved, and the falling vehicles and personnel fell from the collapse of the bridge, reducing the casualties and property losses.
Smart Images
Figure CN119360562A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge safety monitoring, and in particular to a bridge safety monitoring and alarming method, system and device. Background Art
[0002] Floods, overloading, collisions, landslides, design defects and other reasons can lead to bridge collapse accidents. If the alarm is not immediately sounded to passing vehicles after the bridge collapses, vehicles that fail to brake in time will fall from the collapsed bridge, causing greater casualties and property losses.
[0003] Since there is no reliable and effective alarm method and system for bridge collapse accidents in the prior art, it is urgent to develop a solution that can monitor the environment and the bridge itself in real time and reliably alarm bridge collapse accidents, so that sound, photoelectric and other warning signals can be issued immediately after the bridge collapse, so that drivers of passing vehicles can brake in time to avoid danger, thereby avoiding more casualties. Summary of the invention
[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a bridge safety monitoring and alarm method, system and device to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.
[0005] In a first aspect, in order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a bridge safety monitoring and alarm method, comprising the following steps: Step 1: at the bottom of the bridge to be tested, a plurality of ropes are laid from one end of the bridge along the direction of the bridge to the other end of the bridge; the ropes are provided with sensors and triggers; the sensors are used to collect environmental data and vibration data at the bridge to be tested in real time; the triggers are used to trigger an alarm when the tension of the rope is greater than a preset tension threshold; Step 2: Based on the environmental data and vibration data, the danger index is calculated in real time. When the danger index is greater than or equal to the preset danger threshold, the alarm is instructed to sound an alarm.
[0006] Through the above method, bridge safety monitoring can be carried out in real time based on various sensors. When the calculated danger index is greater than or equal to the preset danger threshold, the alarm is triggered to give an early warning of bridge collapse; and by compressing the rope when the bridge collapses, the alarm is triggered to prevent passing vehicles and personnel from falling from the collapsed bridge. This method can easily realize the bridge safety alarm function on operating bridges, thereby avoiding or reducing casualties and property losses caused by bridge collapse.
[0007] In a feasible implementation, the environmental data includes wind speed, wind direction, water flow velocity, water level and temperature difference at the bridge under test; this can take into account the possibility of natural disasters such as floods and typhoons causing the collapse of the bridge under test.
[0008] In a feasible implementation manner, the vibration data includes the frequency and amplitude of the measured bridge; this can take into account the possibility of bridge collapse caused by human factors such as overload, impact, explosion, design defects, etc.
[0009] In a feasible implementation manner, the specific formula for calculating the risk index is: ; in, represents the nth value of the live load internal force calculation model, which belongs to the prior art; express Parameter threshold of represents the nth value of the internal force calculation model of a simply supported beam bridge, which belongs to the prior art; express Parameter threshold of It represents the nth value of the internal force calculation model of the temperature difference foundation uneven settlement, which belongs to the prior art; express Parameter threshold of represents the nth value of the calculation model set of the measured bridge structure; express The parameter threshold; n represents the number of times data is collected; Indicates the risk index.
[0010] In a feasible implementation manner, the calculation model set of the measured bridge structure includes existing models such as the internal force calculation model of continuous and rigid frame bridges and / or the practical calculation model of arch bridges and / or the calculation model of cable-stayed bridges and / or the calculation model of suspension bridges and / or the deformation calculation model and / or the bridge deck calculation model and / or the practical space calculation model of beam bridges and / or the secondary internal force calculation model of over-statically indeterminate prestressed concrete beam bridges and / or the support and pier calculation model and / or the box girder analysis calculation model and / or the corbel calculation model and / or the self-weight overall internal force calculation model and / or the crossbeam calculation model and / or the local stress verification model of key parts and / or the static stability verification model and / or the wind load stability verification model and / or the internal force verification model under the action of seismic load and / or the main beam deflection calculation model.
[0011] In a feasible implementation manner, the preset danger threshold is 1, that is, when When ≥1, the bridge under test is judged to be dangerous and an alarm command is issued.
[0012] In a feasible implementation manner, the step 2 further includes constructing a real-time big data processing system for calculating the hazard index of multiple bridges under test in real time; the specific steps include: Step a1: Build the main body of the real-time big data processing system based on the Apache Storm system and the Streamparse library in the Python language; Step a2: In the Apache Storm system, define a Spout component to receive a data stream of environmental data and vibration data of several tested bridges, and define a Bolt component to calculate the danger index of each tested bridge; Step a3: In the Spout component, initialize the data flow through the initialize method; connect the Bolt component through the nextTuple method; Step a4: In each Bolt component, the data stream is monitored and classified in real time through the execute method: when the danger index is greater than or equal to the preset danger threshold, an alarm instruction is generated; when the danger index is less than the preset danger threshold, the current environment data and vibration data are stored; Step a5: Integrate the Spout components and Bolt components into the same topology and deploy them to the Storm cluster. Through the above-mentioned real-time big data processing system, real-time calculation of the danger index can be realized, thereby achieving the purpose of uninterrupted monitoring of multiple bridges under test.
[0013] In the second aspect, based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a monitoring and alarm system using the above monitoring and alarm method, including a data receiving module, a data processing module and a result generating module; The data receiving module is used to receive the environmental data and vibration data of the bridge under test in real time; The data processing module calculates the danger index in real time based on the environmental data and the vibration data, and generates an alarm instruction when the danger index is greater than or equal to a preset danger threshold; The result generation module is used to send out the alarm instruction.
[0014] On the third aspect, based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a bridge safety monitoring and alarm device, including a processor, a memory and a bus, wherein the memory stores instructions and data read by the processor, and the processor is used to call the instructions and data in the memory to execute the above-mentioned bridge safety monitoring and alarm method, and the bus connects the functional components for transmitting information.
[0015] In a feasible implementation manner, the monitoring alarm device specifically includes a power supply, a client, an alarm, a rope and a central server; The client includes a d1 pin, a d2 pin, a d3 pin, an S1 pin and a wireless communication component; inside the client, a first switch is provided between the d1 pin and the d2 pin, for connecting the d1 pin and the d2 pin after receiving an alarm instruction; the d1 pin is connected to the positive pole of the power supply; the d2 pin is connected to the positive pole of the alarm; the d3 pin is connected to the negative pole of the power supply; the wireless communication component is used to communicate with the central server; The central server includes a processor, a memory and a bus; the memory stores instructions and data read by the processor; the processor is used to call the environmental data and vibration data of the measured bridge in the memory, calculate the danger index in real time, and issue an alarm instruction when the danger index is greater than or equal to a preset danger threshold; the bus connects the functional components to transmit information; The rope includes an integrated sensor and trigger; The G pin of the integrated sensor is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply; the L pin of the integrated sensor is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply; the S2 pin of the integrated sensor is connected to the S1 pin of the client, for collecting and transmitting the environmental data and vibration data of the bridge under test; The trigger includes a second switch and an insulating plug: one end of the insulating plug is connected to one end of the rope, and the other end of the rope is fixed to the structure of the bridge under test; the other end of the insulating plug is temporarily fixed to the energized contact of the second switch under the action of a preset tension threshold, so as to put the second switch in a normally open state; one end of the second switch is connected to the D1 pin of the client, and the other end of the second switch is connected to the positive pole of the alarm; the negative pole of the alarm is connected to the negative pole of the power supply.
[0016] Through the above-mentioned simple and feasible structural design, the environmental data and vibration data of the bridge under test can be collected in real time through the integrated sensor, and wirelessly transmitted to the central server via the client; the danger index is calculated in the central server, and when the danger index is greater than or equal to the preset danger threshold, an alarm command is sent back to the client; after receiving the alarm command, the client immediately turns on the first switch, so that the alarm is powered on and an alarm is sounded; and when the bridge under test collapses, the compression rope is stretched, and when the tension of the rope is greater than the preset tension threshold, the insulating plug can be pulled away from the energized contact of the second switch, so that the second switch forms a path, which can also turn on the power of the alarm and an alarm is sounded.
[0017] In a feasible implementation manner, a first sensor, a second sensor and a third sensor are arranged in parallel inside the integrated sensor; The first sensor is used to collect wind speed, wind direction and temperature difference data at the measured bridge; the positive electrode of the first sensor is connected to one end of the first sliding rheostat, and the other end of the first sliding rheostat is connected to the G pin of the integrated sensor; the negative electrode of the first sensor is connected to the L pin of the integrated sensor; the S pin of the first sensor is connected to the S2 pin of the integrated sensor for transmitting data; The second sensor is used to collect amplitude and frequency data at the measured bridge; the positive electrode of the second sensor is connected to one end of the second sliding rheostat, and the other end of the second sliding rheostat is connected to the G pin of the integrated sensor; the negative electrode of the second sensor is connected to the L pin of the integrated sensor; the S pin of the second sensor is connected to the S2 pin of the integrated sensor for transmitting data; The third sensor is used to collect water flow velocity and water level data at the bridge under test; the positive electrode of the third sensor is connected to one end of the third sliding rheostat, and the other end of the third sliding rheostat is connected to the G pin of the integrated sensor; the negative electrode of the third sensor is connected to the L pin of the integrated sensor; the S pin of the third sensor is connected to the S2 pin of the integrated sensor for transmitting data; Through the above structure, data such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature difference, amplitude, frequency, water flow velocity and water level at the bridge under test can be collected in real time, and the signal strength can be flexibly adjusted through the corresponding sliding resistor to adapt to different bridge environments; For example, when the river at the measured bridge is in the dry season, the third sensor signal can be temporarily turned off by adjusting the third sliding resistor to avoid interference; and when the river is in the flood season, the third sensor signal can be turned on by adjusting the third sliding resistor to restore the collection function of water flow velocity and water level height data.
[0018] In a feasible implementation manner, the alarm is an audible and visual alarm, which can provide both audible and visual alarms simultaneously.
[0019] In a feasible implementation manner, the sound and light alarm may be arranged on several paths leading to the bridge under test, so as to warn pedestrians and vehicles heading towards the bridge under test to avoid danger in time.
[0020] In a feasible implementation, the rope is made of a material such as nylon, steel wire, or other material that is inelastic or has very little elasticity and is not easy to break; this helps to avoid a situation where the elasticity of the rope is too large, and the tension cannot be transmitted in time when the bridge collapses, making it difficult to pull the insulating plug out of the second switch; it can also avoid a situation where the rope is broken by the impact of the collapsed bridge, and the insulating plug cannot be pulled out of the second switch in time, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of the monitoring and alarm device.
[0021] In a feasible implementation manner, the insulating plug-in is made of rubber or wood.
[0022] In a feasible implementation manner, the insulating plug is temporarily fixed by the static friction force provided by the spring sheet at the energized contact of the second switch; in particular, since the friction coefficient of the rubber material is relatively large, the preset tension threshold of the insulating plug of the rubber material is relatively large, resulting in a lower trigger sensitivity, while the friction coefficient of the wood material is relatively small, so the preset tension threshold of the insulating plug of the wood material is relatively small, resulting in a higher trigger sensitivity; therefore, insulating plugs of different materials can be selected according to the specific collapse alarm sensitivity requirements of the tested bridge; Of course, in other embodiments, the shape of the insulating plug-in may be changed to change the contact area with the spring sheet, thereby changing the magnitude of the static friction force.
[0023] In a feasible embodiment, the insulating plug and the second switch are an integrated structure, and the second switch can be turned on and closed by pulling the insulating plug; an adsorption plate is also provided between the insulating plug and the rope; in this way, when the insulating plug is pulled by the rope, the second switch is pulled on and closed, and when the pulling force on the adsorption plate by the rope is greater than the adsorption force, the adsorption plate is quickly separated from the insulating plug, thereby avoiding damage to the integrated structure of the insulating plug and the second switch.
[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a bridge safety monitoring and alarm method, system and device, in which a rope for data collection and bridge collapse alarm is arranged at the bottom of the measured bridge; in this way, the environmental data and the vibration data of the measured bridge can be collected in real time, and the danger index can be calculated accordingly; then the data can be compared with the preset danger threshold to give early warning of bridge safety in time; when the bridge collapses, a collapse alarm can be given in time; the structure of this solution is also simple and easy to use, and can be quickly installed on existing operating bridges. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0026] Figure 1 A flow chart of a bridge safety monitoring and alarm method provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2A diagram of a bridge safety monitoring and alarm system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A circuit diagram of a bridge safety monitoring and alarm device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified illustration of the trigger; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second switch; Figure 6 A layout diagram of a bridge safety monitoring and alarm device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Reference numerals: 1-power supply; 2-client; 21-first switch; 3-alarm; 4-rope; 41-integrated sensor; 411-first sensor; 412-second sensor; 413-third sensor; 414-first sliding rheostat; 415-second sliding rheostat; 416-third sliding rheostat; 42-trigger; 421-second switch; 4211-shrapnel; 422-insulating plug-in; 5-central server. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0030] The present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation modes.
[0031] It should also be noted that the following specific embodiments or specific implementations are a series of optimized settings listed in the present invention to further explain the specific content of the invention, and these settings can be used in combination or in association with each other.
[0032] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1 As shown, a bridge safety monitoring and alarm method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1: at the bottom of the bridge to be tested, a plurality of ropes are laid from one end of the bridge along the direction of the bridge to the other end of the bridge; the ropes are provided with sensors and triggers; the sensors are used to collect environmental data and vibration data at the bridge to be tested in real time; the triggers are used to trigger an alarm when the tension of the rope is greater than a preset tension threshold; Step 2: Based on the environmental data and vibration data, the danger index is calculated in real time. When the danger index is greater than or equal to the preset danger threshold, the alarm is instructed to sound an alarm.
[0033] Through the above method, bridge safety monitoring can be carried out in real time based on various sensors. When the calculated danger index is greater than or equal to the preset danger threshold, the alarm is triggered to give an early warning of bridge collapse; and by compressing the rope when the bridge collapses, the alarm is triggered to prevent passing vehicles and personnel from falling from the collapsed bridge. This method can easily realize the bridge safety alarm function on operating bridges, thereby avoiding or reducing casualties and property losses caused by bridge collapse.
[0034] Furthermore, the environmental data include wind speed, wind direction, water flow velocity, water level and temperature difference at the bridge under test; this can take into account the possibility of natural disasters such as floods and typhoons causing the collapse of the bridge under test.
[0035] Furthermore, the vibration data includes the frequency and amplitude of the measured bridge; this can take into account the possibility of bridge collapse caused by human factors such as overload, impact, explosion, design defects, etc.
[0036] Furthermore, the specific formula for calculating the risk index is: ; in, represents the nth value of the live load internal force calculation model, which belongs to the prior art; express Parameter threshold of represents the nth value of the internal force calculation model of a simply supported beam bridge, which belongs to the prior art; express Parameter threshold of It represents the nth value of the internal force calculation model of the temperature difference foundation uneven settlement, which belongs to the prior art; express Parameter threshold of represents the nth value of the calculation model set of the measured bridge structure; express The parameter threshold; n represents the number of times data is collected; Indicates the risk index.
[0037] Furthermore, the calculation model set of the tested bridge structure includes existing models such as internal force calculation model of continuous and rigid frame bridges and / or practical calculation model of arch bridges and / or calculation model of cable-stayed bridges and / or calculation model of suspension bridges and / or deformation calculation model and / or bridge deck calculation model and / or practical space calculation model of beam bridges and / or secondary internal force calculation model of over-statically indeterminate prestressed concrete beam bridges and / or support and pier calculation model and / or box girder analysis calculation model and / or corbel calculation model and / or self-weight overall internal force calculation model and / or crossbeam calculation model and / or local stress verification model of key parts and / or static stability verification model and / or wind load stability verification model and / or internal force verification model under seismic load and / or main beam deflection calculation model.
[0038] Furthermore, the preset danger threshold is 1, that is, when When ≥1, the bridge under test is judged to be dangerous and an alarm command is issued.
[0039] Furthermore, in step 2, by constructing a real-time big data processing system, the purpose of calculating the danger index of multiple measured bridges in real time is achieved; the specific steps include: Step a1: Build the main body of the real-time big data processing system based on the Apache Storm system and the Streamparse library in the Python language; Step a2: In the Apache Storm system, define a Spout component to receive a data stream of environmental data and vibration data of several tested bridges, and define a Bolt component to calculate the danger index of each tested bridge; Step a3: In the Spout component, initialize the data flow through the initialize method; connect the Bolt component through the nextTuple method; Step a4: In each Bolt component, the data stream is monitored and classified in real time through the execute method: when the danger index is greater than or equal to the preset danger threshold, an alarm instruction is generated; when the danger index is less than the preset danger threshold, the current environment data and vibration data are stored; Step a5: Integrate the Spout components and Bolt components into the same topology and deploy them to the Storm cluster. Through the above-mentioned real-time big data processing system, real-time calculation of the danger index can be realized, thereby achieving the purpose of uninterrupted monitoring of multiple bridges under test.
[0040] Embodiment 2: like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a monitoring and alarm system using the above monitoring and alarm method, including a data receiving module, a data processing module and a result generating module; The data receiving module is used to receive the environmental data and vibration data of the bridge under test in real time; The data processing module calculates the danger index in real time based on the environmental data and the vibration data, and generates an alarm instruction when the danger index is greater than or equal to a preset danger threshold; The result generation module is used to send out the alarm instruction.
[0041] Embodiment three: This embodiment provides a bridge safety monitoring and alarm device, including a processor, a memory and a bus. The memory stores instructions and data read by the processor. The processor is used to call the instructions and data in the memory to execute the above-mentioned bridge safety monitoring and alarm method. The bus connects the functional components to transmit information.
[0042] Embodiment 4: like Figure 3 As shown, a monitoring and alarm device for bridge safety provided in this embodiment specifically includes a power supply 1, a client 2, an alarm 3, a rope 4 and a central server 5; The client 2 includes a d1 pin, a d2 pin, a d3 pin, an S1 pin and a wireless communication component; inside the client 2, a first switch 21 is provided between the d1 pin and the d2 pin, for connecting the d1 pin and the d2 pin after receiving an alarm instruction; the d1 pin is connected to the positive pole of the power supply 1; the d2 pin is connected to the positive pole of the alarm 3; the d3 pin is connected to the negative pole of the power supply 1; the wireless communication component is used to communicate with the central server 5; The central server 5 includes a processor, a memory and a bus; the memory stores instructions and data read by the processor; the processor is used to call the environmental data and vibration data of the measured bridge in the memory, calculate the danger index in real time, and issue an alarm instruction when the danger index is greater than or equal to a preset danger threshold; the bus connects the functional components to transmit information; The rope 4 includes an integrated sensor 41 and a trigger 42; The G pin of the integrated sensor 41 is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply 1; the L pin of the integrated sensor 41 is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply 1; the S2 pin of the integrated sensor 41 is connected to the S1 pin of the client 2, for collecting and transmitting the environmental data and vibration data of the bridge under test; The trigger 42 includes a second switch 421 and an insulating plug 422: one end of the insulating plug 422 is connected to one end of the rope 4, and the other end of the rope 4 is fixed to the structure of the bridge to be measured; the other end of the insulating plug 422 is temporarily fixed to the energized contact of the second switch 421 under the action of a preset tension threshold, so as to put the second switch 421 in a normally open state; one end of the second switch 421 is connected to the d1 pin of the client 2, and the other end of the second switch 421 is connected to the positive pole of the alarm 3; the negative pole of the alarm 3 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply 1.
[0043] Through the above-mentioned simple and feasible structural design, the environmental data and vibration data of the measured bridge can be collected in real time through the integrated sensor 41, and wirelessly transmitted to the central server 5 via the client 2; the danger index is calculated in the central server 5, and when the danger index is greater than or equal to the preset danger threshold, an alarm command is sent back to the client 2; after receiving the alarm command, the client 2 immediately turns on the first switch 21, so that the alarm 3 is powered on to alarm; and when the measured bridge collapses, the compression rope 4 is stretched, and when the tension of the rope 4 is greater than the preset tension threshold, the insulating plug 422 can be pulled away from the energized contact of the second switch 421, so that the second switch 421 forms a passage, which can also turn on the power of the alarm 3 to alarm.
[0044] Furthermore, the integrated sensor 41 includes a first sensor 411, a second sensor 412 and a third sensor 413 arranged in parallel; The first sensor 411 is used to collect wind speed, wind direction and temperature difference data at the measured bridge; the positive electrode of the first sensor 411 is connected to one end of the first sliding rheostat 414, and the other end of the first sliding rheostat 414 is connected to the G pin of the integrated sensor 41; the negative electrode of the first sensor 411 is connected to the L pin of the integrated sensor 41; the S pin of the first sensor 411 is connected to the S2 pin of the integrated sensor 41 for transmitting data; The second sensor 412 is used to collect amplitude and frequency data at the measured bridge; the positive electrode of the second sensor 412 is connected to one end of the second sliding rheostat 415, and the other end of the second sliding rheostat 415 is connected to the G pin of the integrated sensor 41; the negative electrode of the second sensor 412 is connected to the L pin of the integrated sensor 41; the S pin of the second sensor 412 is connected to the S2 pin of the integrated sensor 41 for transmitting data; The third sensor 413 is used to collect water flow velocity and water level data at the bridge under test; the positive electrode of the third sensor 413 is connected to one end of the third sliding rheostat 416, and the other end of the third sliding rheostat 416 is connected to the G pin of the integrated sensor 41; the negative electrode of the third sensor 413 is connected to the L pin of the integrated sensor 41; the S pin of the third sensor 413 is connected to the S2 pin of the integrated sensor 41 for transmitting data; Through the above structure, data such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature difference, amplitude, frequency, water flow velocity and water level at the bridge under test can be collected in real time, and the signal strength can be flexibly adjusted through the corresponding sliding resistor to adapt to different bridge environments; For example, when the river at the bridge under test is in the dry season, the third sensor signal 413 can be temporarily turned off by adjusting the third sliding rheostat 416 to avoid interference; and when the river is in the flood season, the third sensor 413 signal can be turned on by adjusting the third sliding rheostat 416 to restore the function of collecting water flow velocity and water level height data.
[0045] Furthermore, the alarm 3 is an audible and visual alarm, which can give out both audible and visual alarms simultaneously.
[0046] Furthermore, the alarm 3 may be arranged on several paths leading to the bridge under test, so as to warn pedestrians and vehicles heading towards the bridge under test to avoid danger in time.
[0047] Furthermore, the rope 4 is made of steel wire; this helps to avoid the situation where the elastic force of the rope is too large, and the tension cannot be transmitted in time when the bridge collapses, making it difficult to pull the insulating plug out of the second switch; it can also avoid the situation where the rope is broken by the impact of the collapsed bridge, and the insulating plug cannot be pulled out of the second switch in time, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of the monitoring and alarm device.
[0048] Furthermore, one end of the rope 4 close to the trigger 42 is also connected to the G pin of the integrated sensor 41, so that the positive pole of the power supply 1 can be connected from here, so that the rope 4 is in a charged state, forming an external current anti-rust protection to prevent the steel wire from rusting and becoming easy to break during long-term use.
[0049] Furthermore, the insulating plug 422 is made of rubber or wood.
[0050] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, the insulating plug 422 is temporarily fixed by the static friction force provided by the spring piece 4211 at the power-on contact of the second switch; in particular, since the friction coefficient of the rubber material is relatively large, the preset tension threshold of the insulating plug made of rubber material is relatively large, resulting in a lower trigger sensitivity; while the friction coefficient of the wooden material is relatively small, the preset tension threshold of the insulating plug made of wooden material is relatively small, resulting in a higher trigger sensitivity; therefore, insulating plugs 422 of different materials can be selected according to the specific collapse alarm sensitivity requirements of the bridge under test.
[0051] Furthermore, if Figure 6 As shown, the alarm 3 is arranged on the side of the road leading to the bridge to be tested; the rope 4 is arranged at the bottom of the bridge to be tested, with both ends fixed and the middle suspended; the first sensor 411 is arranged at the ventilation place at the bottom of the bridge to be tested; the second sensor 412 is arranged on the structural member of the bridge to be tested; the third sensor 413 is arranged near the water level line below the bridge to be tested; in this way, the device can be quickly installed and used on small bridges.
[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A bridge safety monitoring and alarm method, characterized in that: include: Step 1: at the bottom of the bridge to be tested, a plurality of ropes are laid from one end of the bridge along the direction of the bridge to the other end of the bridge; the ropes are provided with sensors and triggers; the sensors are used to collect environmental data and vibration data at the bridge to be tested in real time; the triggers are used to trigger an alarm when the tension of the rope is greater than a preset tension threshold; Step 2: Based on the environmental data and vibration data, the danger index is calculated in real time. When the danger index is greater than or equal to the preset danger threshold, the alarm is instructed to sound an alarm.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The environmental data include wind speed, wind direction, water flow speed, water level and temperature difference at the measured bridge.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The vibration data includes the frequency and amplitude of the measured bridge.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific formula for calculating the risk index is: ； in, It represents the nth value of the live load internal force calculation model; express Parameter threshold of It represents the nth value of the internal force calculation model of simply supported beam bridge; express Parameter threshold of It represents the nth value of the internal force calculation model of uneven settlement of temperature difference foundation; express Parameter threshold of represents the nth value of the calculation model set of the measured bridge structure; express The parameter threshold; n represents the number of times data is collected; Indicates the risk index.
5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The preset danger threshold is 1.
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step 2 also includes building a real-time big data processing system for calculating the danger index of multiple bridges in real time; the specific steps include: Step a1: Build the main body of the real-time big data processing system based on the Apache Storm system and the Streamparse library in the Python language; Step a2: In the Apache Storm system, define a Spout component to receive a data stream of environmental data and vibration data of several tested bridges, and define a Bolt component to calculate the danger index of each tested bridge; Step a3: In the Spout component, initialize the data flow through the initialize method; connect the Bolt component through the nextTuple method; Step a4: In each Bolt component, the data stream is monitored and classified in real time through the execute method: when the danger index is greater than or equal to the preset danger threshold, an alarm instruction is generated; when the danger index is less than the preset danger threshold, the current environment data and vibration data are stored; Step a5: Integrate the Spout component and each Bolt component into the same topology and deploy them to the Storm cluster.
7. A bridge safety monitoring and alarm system using the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It includes a data receiving module, a data processing module and a result generating module; The data receiving module is used to receive the environmental data and vibration data of the bridge under test in real time; The data processing module calculates the danger index in real time based on the environmental data and the vibration data, and generates an alarm instruction when the danger index is greater than or equal to a preset danger threshold; The result generation module is used to send out the alarm instruction.
8. A bridge safety monitoring and alarm device, characterized in that: It includes a processor, a memory and a bus, wherein the memory stores instructions and data read by the processor, the processor is used to call the instructions and data in the memory to execute any method as claimed in claim 1-6, and the bus connects the functional components to transmit information.
9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that The monitoring and alarm device specifically includes a power supply, a client, an alarm, a rope and a central server; The client includes a d1 pin, a d2 pin, a d3 pin, an S1 pin and a wireless communication component; inside the client, a first switch is provided between the d1 pin and the d2 pin, for connecting the d1 pin and the d2 pin after receiving an alarm instruction; the d1 pin is connected to the positive pole of the power supply; the d2 pin is connected to the positive pole of the alarm; the d3 pin is connected to the negative pole of the power supply; the wireless communication component is used to communicate with the central server; The central server includes a processor, a memory and a bus; the processor is used to call the environmental data and vibration data of the measured bridge in the memory, calculate the danger index in real time, and issue an alarm instruction when the danger index is greater than or equal to a preset danger threshold; The rope includes an integrated sensor and trigger; The G pin of the integrated sensor is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply; the L pin of the integrated sensor is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply; the S2 pin of the integrated sensor is connected to the S1 pin of the client, for collecting and transmitting the environmental data and vibration data of the bridge under test; The trigger includes a second switch and an insulating plug: one end of the insulating plug is connected to one end of the rope, and the other end of the rope is fixed to the structure of the bridge under test; the other end of the insulating plug is temporarily fixed to the energized contact of the second switch under the action of a preset tension threshold, so as to put the second switch in a normally open state; one end of the second switch is connected to the D1 pin of the client, and the other end of the second switch is connected to the positive pole of the alarm; the negative pole of the alarm is connected to the negative pole of the power supply.
10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The integrated sensor has a first sensor, a second sensor and a third sensor arranged in parallel inside; The first sensor is used to collect wind speed, wind direction and temperature difference data at the measured bridge; the positive electrode of the first sensor is connected to one end of the first sliding rheostat, and the other end of the first sliding rheostat is connected to the G pin of the integrated sensor; the negative electrode of the first sensor is connected to the L pin of the integrated sensor; the S pin of the first sensor is connected to the S2 pin of the integrated sensor; The second sensor is used to collect amplitude and frequency data at the measured bridge; the positive electrode of the second sensor is connected to one end of the second sliding rheostat, and the other end of the second sliding rheostat is connected to the G pin of the integrated sensor; the negative electrode of the second sensor is connected to the L pin of the integrated sensor; the S pin of the second sensor is connected to the S2 pin of the integrated sensor; The third sensor is used to collect water flow velocity and water level height data at the measured bridge; the positive pole of the third sensor is connected to one end of the third sliding rheostat, and the other end of the third sliding rheostat is connected to the G pin of the integrated sensor; the negative pole of the third sensor is connected to the L pin of the integrated sensor; the S pin of the third sensor is connected to the S2 pin of the integrated sensor.