Grain tank of combine harvester and use method of grain tank

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical structures, and particularly relates to a grain tank device of a combine harvester, which comprises a tank body, a grain outlet cylinder, a gantry guide mechanism and a driving mechanism. The portal frame guide mechanism comprises a portal frame base, a left portal frame, a right portal frame and a grain tank support. The left side door frame and the right side door frame are arranged in parallel and are vertically and fixedly connected with the door frame base respectively; the two ends of the grain tank support are slidably connected with the left door frame and the right door frame respectively, and the tank body is installed on the grain tank support. The driving mechanism is installed on the portal guide mechanism and cooperates with the portal guide mechanism to control the box body to ascend or descend. One end of the grain outlet cylinder is rotationally communicated and connected with one side of the bottom of the box body; the flashboard assembly is arranged at the other end; a rotary drum handle is arranged on the side face of the grain discharging drum. According to the technical scheme, the grain breakage rate is reduced by adopting a brand-new structural design; the grain discharging barrel can flexibly rotate to realize accurate grain unloading; the unloading process is optimized by the box body structure and the driving mechanism; the design of the flashboard assembly, the pulley and other assemblies provides convenient control experience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical structures, and specifically relates to a grain box of a combine harvester and a method of using the same. Background Art

[0002] In the field of agricultural mechanized harvesting, crawler combine harvesters play a key role and greatly improve the efficiency of crop harvesting. At present, the existing crawler combine harvesters on the market mainly rely on screw conveyor or scraper type to unload grain from the grain box.

[0003] For a spiral conveying grain box, for example, a Chinese patent document with application number 200920278750X discloses a longitudinal axial flow combine harvester grain unloading grain box, including a box body, a spiral conveyor, and a transmission device. The spiral conveyor is installed between the front and rear side panels of the box body; the front side panel is provided with a grain outlet at the same height as the spiral conveyor; the part of the spiral conveyor extending out of the box body is connected to the transmission device; the left and right side panels are fixed with an inwardly inclined extension plate, and the extension plate fixed on the right side panel is provided with at least one grain outlet; the grain outlet plate corresponding to the grain outlet is plugged into a bracket on the outer side of the extension plate. When the harvested grain is small or needed, it is only necessary to manually release the grain, without the need for a grain truck to follow and start the harvester conveying device, and when the grain is harvested, there will not be a large amount of residue in the grain box, and it will not need to be manually cleaned.

[0004] Regarding the scraper-type grain box, Chinese patent document No. 022515690 discloses an improved self-propelled grain combine harvester, which adopts a scraper-type material box structure. Specifically, the harvester includes a frame, a cutting table, an engine, a cab, a grain box, a threshing device, a cleaning device, a grain lifting device and a self-unloading device, wherein the threshing device is composed of a front shearing drum and a rear shearing drum; it also includes a debris collecting device, a debris lifting device and a straw collecting device; the debris collecting device is composed of a lower vibrating screen, an isolation plate and a debris collecting trough; the debris lifting device is composed of a debris lower horizontal conveying auger, a debris lifting scraper conveyor and a debris upper horizontal conveying auger arranged in series with each other, the debris lower horizontal conveying auger is arranged in the debris collecting trough, and the debris upper horizontal conveying auger is arranged above the front shearing drum; the straw collecting device is composed of a draft wheel, a draft remover and a straw collecting box arranged in series in sequence behind the threshing device; the invention has the characteristics of good threshing effect, less grain loss, high grain unloading port and the ability to recycle crop straw.

[0005] In actual applications, when harvesting legumes such as soybeans, mung beans, and broad beans, which have relatively small grains and fragile skins, traditional grain unloading methods have exposed many disadvantages. Screw conveyor grain unloading relies on the rotation of the spiral blades to move the grain. In this process, the bean crops are continuously squeezed and rubbed, and the breakage rate increases significantly. The scraper type grain unloading also has a hard contact between the scraper and the grain box wall and the grain. During the grain transportation process, it is not only easy to break the grain particles, but also causes serious damage to the crop's skin.

[0006] In special scenarios such as seed production and planting research, there are extremely high requirements for seed integrity. Seed breakage or epidermal damage will directly affect key indicators such as germination rate, growth vitality and genetic stability, thereby interfering with the purity of seed production and the accuracy of planting research. Obviously, the existing crawler combine harvester unloading method can no longer meet the urgent needs of these specific fields for non-destructive unloading of grain. A new unloading technology that can effectively reduce the grain breakage rate and protect the crop epidermis is urgently needed to fill this gap. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the invention is to propose a grain box for a combine harvester and a method of using the same in response to the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, so as to reduce the grain breakage rate, unload grain flexibly and accurately, realize an efficient grain unloading process, and provide a convenient control experience. The overall performance far exceeds that of traditional grain unloading methods.

[0008] The above objectives are achieved specifically through the following technical solutions: A grain tank device for a combine harvester includes a tank body, a grain discharge barrel, a gantry guide mechanism and a driving mechanism. The gantry guide mechanism includes a gantry base, a left gantry, a right gantry and a grain tank bracket; the left gantry and the right gantry are arranged parallel to each other and are respectively vertically fixedly connected to the gantry base; the two ends of the grain tank bracket are respectively slidably connected to the left gantry and the right gantry, and the tank body is installed on the grain tank bracket. The driving mechanism is installed on the gantry guide mechanism and cooperates with the gantry guide mechanism to control the rise or fall of the tank body. One end of the grain discharge barrel is rotatably connected to one side of the bottom of the tank body, and the rotating surface is perpendicular to the horizontal plane; the other end of the grain discharge barrel is provided with a gate assembly; and the side of the grain discharge barrel is provided with a rotating drum handle.

[0009] Preferably, the box body includes an upper main bin and a lower grain collecting bin which are integrally arranged, and the lowest bottom structure of the lower grain collecting bin is arranged at the edge of the box body, and the grain outlet barrel is connected to the lowest bottom structure of the lower grain collecting bin.

[0010] Preferably, the gate assembly includes a gate mounting seat and a gate body; the gate mounting seat is installed at the grain outlet of the grain discharge barrel, and a first adapter port is provided on the gate mounting seat corresponding to the grain outlet; the gate body is movably connected to the mounting seat in a push-pull manner, and half of the structure of the gate body is a sealing portion, and the other half of the structure is provided with a second adapter port corresponding to the grain outlet; a push-pull handle is provided at the front end of the gate body, and an anti-disengagement limit structure is provided at the rear end.

[0011] Preferably, the grain box bracket includes an installed horizontal frame beam, a connecting vertical frame beam and a reinforced diagonal beam; one end of the installed horizontal frame beam is vertically fixedly connected to the connecting vertical frame beam, and the other end is slidably connected to the right door frame through a first pulley assembly; the connecting vertical frame beam is slidably connected to the left door frame through a second sliding assembly; the two ends of the reinforced diagonal beam are respectively connected to the installed horizontal frame beam and the connecting vertical frame beam.

[0012] Preferably, the left door frame includes two first supporting columns parallel to each other, the bottoms of the two first supporting columns are respectively fixedly connected to the door frame base, and the tops of the two first supporting columns are fixedly connected by a first top cross beam; the horizontal cross-section of the first supporting column is in a "┠┨" shape, providing a "┨"-shaped vertical guide rail for the second sliding assembly.

[0013] Preferably, the second sliding assembly includes a slide seat, and a first roller and a limiting wheel group are arranged at the bottom of the groove inside the slide seat; the first roller is in rolling contact with the right side of the "┨"-shaped vertical guide rail; each set of limiting wheel groups includes two symmetrically arranged first limiting wheels, which are respectively installed on the groove walls on both sides inside the slide seat, and the two first limiting wheels are respectively in rolling contact with the left side of the "┨"-shaped vertical guide rail.

[0014] Preferably, the right side portal frame includes two second supporting columns parallel to each other, the bottoms of the two second supporting columns are respectively fixedly connected to the portal frame base; the tops of the two second supporting columns are fixedly connected by a second top cross beam; the second supporting columns are made of U-shaped steel, providing a "U"-shaped guide groove for the first pulley assembly.

[0015] Preferably, the first pulley assembly includes a wheel seat, on which a second roller and a second limiting wheel are mounted; the second roller is in rolling contact with the bottom of the "U"-shaped guide groove on the right door frame; and the arc-shaped surfaces on both sides of the second limiting wheel are in contact with the groove walls on both sides inside the "U"-shaped guide groove respectively.

[0016] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder, a mounting frame and a lifting chain; the hydraulic cylinder is installed on the gantry base, the mounting frame is fixedly connected to the actuating shaft of the hydraulic cylinder, and a sprocket is installed on the mounting frame; one end of the lifting chain is fixedly connected to the grain box bracket, and the other end of the lifting chain is fixedly connected to the left gantry through a traction beam after passing around the sprocket.

[0017] A method for using a grain tank device, wherein the grain tank device is a grain tank device of a combine harvester disclosed in the technical solution, and the method for using the grain tank device is as follows: The grain tank device is assembled on the combine harvester, and the driving mechanism of the grain tank device is electrically connected to the main control system of the combine harvester.

[0018] When it is necessary to load grain into the box, the grain discharge barrel is rotated to a perpendicular angle to the ground; then the driving mechanism is started through the master control system, so that the driving mechanism cooperates with the gantry guide mechanism to control the box to descend to the lowest position, and the threshing device of the combine harvester directly transports the grain into the box.

[0019] When it is necessary to unload grain, the driving mechanism is started through the master control system, so that the driving mechanism cooperates with the gantry guide mechanism to control the box to rise to a height that meets the unloading needs; then the grain discharge barrel is rotated to the required angle for unloading, so that the unloading port of the grain discharge barrel is aligned with the target unloading position; finally, the operator opens the gate assembly, so that the grain in the box falls along the grain discharge barrel to the target unloading position.

[0020] This technical solution has the following beneficial effects: 1) Reduce the grain breakage rate. Compared with the traditional spiral conveyor and scraper-type grain unloading methods, the invented combine harvester grain box device adopts a brand-new structural design, and the conveying machinery does not directly contact the grain. When facing legume crops with small grains and fragile skin such as soybeans, mung beans, and broad beans, the problem of grain breakage caused by the rotating extrusion of spiral blades or the hard scraping of scrapers is avoided, which greatly reduces the grain breakage rate and ensures the integrity of grain during the unloading process. This is especially critical for special scenarios such as seed production and planting research that have extremely high requirements for seed quality. It can effectively maintain key indicators such as seed germination rate, growth vitality and genetic stability, and ensure the purity of seed production and the accuracy of planting research.

[0021] 2) Flexible and accurate grain unloading. One end of the grain discharge barrel is connected to the bottom of the box body in a rotating manner, and the rotating surface is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. With the rotating barrel handle set on the side, the operator can easily and flexibly rotate the grain discharge barrel to the optimal grain unloading angle according to the actual situation such as the position and height of the transfer vehicle, so as to achieve accurate grain unloading and adapt to different field operation environments and transportation needs. Compared with the traditional grain unloading method, it greatly improves the flexibility and accuracy of grain unloading and reduces grain scattering and waste.

[0022] 3) Efficient grain unloading process. The box body adopts an integrated upper main bin and lower grain collection bin structure. The lowest structure at the bottom of the lower grain collection bin is placed on the edge of the box body and connected to the grain discharge barrel. It can efficiently collect grain to the entrance of the grain discharge barrel to avoid grain accumulation and blockage in the box body, optimize the grain unloading process, and shorten the grain unloading time. At the same time, the hydraulic cylinder in the drive mechanism provides powerful power and cooperates with the gantry guide mechanism to enable the box body to be quickly and smoothly raised and lowered to the appropriate height, further improving the efficiency of the entire grain unloading process. Compared with the traditional grain unloading method that relies on a single conveying structure, it reduces waiting time and improves the overall operation efficiency of the combine harvester in the field.

[0023] 4) Convenient control experience. The design of the gate assembly is ingenious. The push-pull handle at the front is ergonomic, which makes it easy for operators to push and pull the gate body and accurately control the grain flow. The anti-slip limit structure at the rear ensures that the gate operates stably in complex operating environments and will not be detached due to unexpected situations such as vibration and collision, ensuring the safety and order of the grain unloading process. The grain box bracket is connected to the gantry guide mechanism through a carefully designed pulley assembly and sliding assembly. For example, the second roller and the second limit wheel of the first pulley assembly are precisely matched with the "U"-shaped guide groove of the right gantry, and the first roller and limit wheel group of the second sliding assembly work together with the "┨"-shaped vertical guide rail of the left gantry, making the grain box bracket smooth to lift and lower, and the operation is labor-saving, which provides great convenience for operators during grain loading and unloading. The overall control experience far exceeds that of traditional grain unloading devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of the grain tank device lowered to a low position; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of the grain tank device raised to a high position; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the front structure of Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure in the BB direction; Figure 5 for Figure 2 The right side structural diagram of ; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure in the AA direction; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of the grain tank bracket; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the grain tank bracket with the box body installed.

[0025] in: 1. Box; 1.1. Main bin at the top; 1.2. Grain bin at the bottom; 2. Grain discharge drum; 3. Drum handle; 4. Gate assembly; 4.1. Gate mounting seat; 4.2. Gate body; 4.21. Sealing part; 4.22. Second adapter; 4.23. Push-pull handle; 4.24. Anti-slip limit structure; 5. Door frame base; 6. Left door frame; 6.1. First support column; 6.2. First top crossbeam; 6.3. "┨" shaped vertical guide rail; 7. Right door frame; 7.1. Second support column; 7.2. .2. Second top crossbeam; 7.3. "U"-shaped guide groove; 8. Grain box bracket; 8.1. Install horizontal frame beam; 8.2. Connect vertical frame beam; 8.3. Reinforce diagonal beam; 8.4. First pulley assembly; 8.41. Wheel seat; 8.42. Second roller; 8.43. Second limiting wheel; 8.5. Second sliding assembly; 8.51. Sliding seat; 8.52. First roller; 8.53. First limiting wheel; 9. Hydraulic cylinder; 10. Mounting frame; 11. Lifting chain; 12. Sprocket; 13. Focusing crossbeam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the invention clearer, the technical solution of the invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0027] Therefore, the following detailed description of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0028] In the description of the invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the invention.

[0029] In the invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "fitting", "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] Example 1 This embodiment discloses a grain box device for a combine harvester, as a preferred implementation of the technical solution, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a box body 1, a grain discharge tube 2, a door frame guide mechanism and a driving mechanism.

[0031] The gantry guide mechanism includes a gantry base 5, a left gantry 6, a right gantry 7 and a grain box bracket 8.

[0032] The mast base 5 is the foundation of the entire structure and plays a key role in bearing the weight of the upper structure and resisting external impact. It is usually made of thick-walled high-strength steel and welded, and is equipped with multiple precisely positioned mounting holes. The hole diameter and hole spacing tolerances of these mounting holes are controlled within a very small range, which is convenient for a firm and accurate connection with the harvester body, and builds a stable and reliable support platform for the mast structure above.

[0033] The left gantry 6 and the right gantry 7 are made of high-quality channel steel materials cut and welded. The two are arranged parallel to each other and are respectively vertically fixedly connected to the gantry base 5. They not only have a neat appearance, but also have super strong bending strength and vertical bearing capacity, and can easily cope with the huge pressure when the grain tank is fully loaded. The left gantry 6 and the right gantry 7 can be connected to the gantry base 5 by welding or high-strength grade bolts, that is, through a precise torque tightening process, a vertical fixed connection is achieved, which not only ensures the reliability of the connection, but also facilitates the rapid completion of disassembly and reassembly operations during regular equipment maintenance and sudden fault repair.

[0034] The grain box bracket 8 is a direct component of the bearing box body 1, and its connection method with the left door frame 6 and the right door frame 7 is exquisite and unique. The two ends are respectively connected to the left door frame 6 and the right door frame 7 in a sliding manner, and the design of the connection part fully considers the smoothness and precise guidance. Among them, there are two sliding connection methods to choose from: first, a special wear-resistant engineering plastic roller device is used, which has a low friction coefficient, so that the grain box bracket 8 can slide easily during the lifting process, and at the same time has sufficient bearing capacity to bear the weight of the grain box and grain, and will not be easily deformed; second, a high-precision slider guide structure is used, and the guide rail is made of hard alloy material after quenching treatment, with extremely high surface hardness and strong wear resistance. With a suitable slider, the matching clearance between the two is controlled at the micron level, which effectively prevents the bracket from shaking and deflecting during lifting, ensuring that the box body 1 is accurately lifted along the predetermined vertical path, providing stable support for grain loading and unloading operations.

[0035] The box body 1 is installed on the grain box bracket 8 as a storage component for grains, and the height is adjusted by the door frame guide mechanism to facilitate the loading and unloading operations of grains.

[0036] The driving mechanism is installed on the gantry guide mechanism and is the key power source for realizing the lifting action of the box body 1. The specific driving form can be hydraulic driving, which uses the extension and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder to push the grain box bracket 8 up and down, has a large thrust, and can bear the heavy weight of the box body 1 and grain; it may also be electric screw drive, which drives the screw to rotate through the motor, so that the nut on the screw (connected to the grain box bracket 8) can achieve linear motion. This method has high precision and is convenient for controlling the lifting position of the box body 1.

[0037] One end of the grain discharge barrel 2 is rotatably connected to one side of the bottom of the box body 1, and the rotating surface is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. This design enables the grain discharge barrel 2 to flexibly adjust the grain discharge angle. Whether unloading to a low grain storage container or to targets of different heights and angles such as vehicle compartments, the grain discharge barrel 2 can be accurately connected by rotating to reduce grain spillage.

[0038] The other end of the grain discharge barrel 2 is provided with a gate assembly 4 for controlling the outflow of grain. The gate assembly 4 can be opened and closed in various ways, such as manually plug-in type, which has a simple structure and low cost and is suitable for small equipment; or it can be screw-driven type, by rotating the screw to adjust the gap size of the gate assembly 4, which can more finely control the grain outflow rate.

[0039] The grain discharge barrel 2 is a key link in the grain tank device of the combine harvester to achieve directional grain transportation. Its flexible rotation function is crucial for accurate grain unloading. In order to facilitate the operator to easily control the rotation of the grain discharge barrel 2, a rotating barrel handle 3 is specially provided on the side of the grain discharge barrel 2. In the absence of automated control, the operator can quickly adjust the grain discharge direction based on experience. The design of the rotating barrel handle 3 fully considers the principles of ergonomics. Its overall shape is a slightly curved column with a moderate length, which allows the operator to hold it in the most comfortable and labor-saving posture. Furthermore, the surface of the rotating barrel handle 3 adopts a frosting process. This rough texture not only increases the friction between the hand and the handle, but also allows the operator to firmly grasp it and avoid slipping even when the operator's hands are sweaty or covered with dust. Moreover, the frosted surface feels gentle and will not cause discomfort to the skin of the hands. It is not easy to feel tired even after long-term operation. When the grain discharge barrel 2 needs to be rotated, the operator only needs to hold the rotating barrel handle 3 and apply appropriate torque with the strength of the arm to smoothly drive the grain discharge barrel 2 to rotate around the connection piece between the grain discharge barrel 2 and the bottom of the box body 1. Whether it is adjusting the grain discharge barrel 2 from the vertical storage state to the tilt angle required for unloading, or making real-time fine adjustments according to the slight changes in the position of the transfer vehicle, the rotating barrel handle 3 can provide the operator with a reliable point of force, making the rotation operation of the entire grain discharge barrel 2 convenient and efficient, further optimizing the grain unloading process of the combine harvester and improving the operating efficiency.

[0040] Based on the above structure, during the grain loading stage, the driving mechanism lowers the box 1 to a lower position to facilitate the loading of grain from external conveying equipment (such as conveyor belts, loaders, etc.) into the box 1. After filling, the driving mechanism drives the box 1 to rise to a suitable height to prepare for unloading. When unloading, the operator turns the drum handle 3, aligns the grain discharge barrel 2 with the target unloading target position, opens the gate assembly 4, and the grain flows out along the grain discharge barrel 2 under the action of gravity. During the whole process, the gantry guide mechanism ensures the stable lifting and lowering of the box 1, and the various components work together to improve the efficiency of grain loading and unloading, reduce the intensity of manual labor, and can adapt to a variety of operating scenarios.

[0041] This technical solution uses a lifting mechanism to lift the box 1, thereby realizing the high-altitude transportation of grain. During the whole process, the conveying machinery does not directly contact the grain, cleverly avoiding the damage caused by squeezing and friction. The grain is in a relatively stable and natural stacking state in the box 1, which greatly reduces the breakage rate of the grain. This not only guarantees the immediate quality of the harvested grain, but also has great significance for the subsequent processing and sales of the grain. It can effectively improve the economic value and market competitiveness of the grain, and further highlight the innovation and superiority of the grain box device of the combine harvester.

[0042] In addition, based on the above structure, the technical solution supports a compact grain loading and unloading process. The lifting mechanism and the grain discharge barrel 2 work well together, which greatly shortens the overall operation time, improves the working efficiency of the combine harvester in the field, and reduces the waiting time for grain transportation after harvesting. The height adjustment of the lifting mechanism and the multi-angle rotation of the grain discharge barrel 2 enable the device to adapt to different types of transfer vehicles and different field operation environments. Whether it is a large flat farm or a small piece of farmland with slightly undulating terrain, grain can be unloaded accurately to meet diverse usage needs. The gate assembly 4's fine control of the grain flow avoids grain waste during the unloading process, while also ensuring the safety and orderliness of the transportation link, laying a good foundation for subsequent grain storage, processing and other processes.

[0043] Example 2 This embodiment discloses a grain tank device for a combine harvester as a preferred implementation of the technical solution, that is, based on Example 1, its tank body 1 includes an upper main bin 1.1 and a lower grain collecting bin 1.2 which are integrally arranged.

[0044] The upper main warehouse 1.1 is used to store harvested grains in a large area and large capacity. With its spacious space, it can reduce the number of frequent grain unloading during the harvesting process and improve the continuity of operations.

[0045] The lowest structure of the bottom of the lower grain collecting bin 1.2 is set at the edge of the box body 1, and the grain outlet tube 2 is tightly connected to the bottom structure of the lower grain collecting bin 1.2. The main function is to efficiently collect the grain in the box body 1, especially the grain scattered by the upper main bin 1.1 under the action of gravity, at the entrance of the grain outlet tube 2. Through this structural design, when it is necessary to unload the grain, the grain can follow the inclination angle of the bottom of the grain collecting bin and enter the grain outlet tube 2 naturally and smoothly, avoiding the problem of grain accumulation and blockage in the box body 1 and unable to flow out smoothly, further optimizing the grain unloading process.

[0046] Example 3 This embodiment discloses a grain tank device of a combine harvester as a preferred implementation of the technical solution, that is, based on Embodiment 1 or 2, its gate assembly 4 includes a gate mounting seat 4.1 and a gate body 4.2.

[0047] The material of the gate mounting seat 4.1 is usually a high-strength, corrosion-resistant metal material, such as stainless steel, to ensure that the structure remains stable when in contact with grain for a long time and subjected to the test of complex outdoor environments. The gate mounting seat 4.1 is installed at the grain outlet of the grain outlet barrel 2 and is a solid base for the entire gate assembly 4. On the gate mounting seat 4.1, a first adapter is provided according to the precise size and shape of the grain outlet. The two have a very high degree of fit, effectively preventing grain leakage or jamming due to gaps.

[0048] The gate body 4.2 is connected to the mounting seat in a push-pull movable manner, which ensures the convenience of operation and enables the gate body 4.2 to be accurately positioned during movement. The gate body 4.2 has a unique structural design that is ingenious, with half of the structure being a sealing portion 4.21 and the other half being provided with a second adapter 4.22 corresponding to the grain outlet.

[0049] Based on the above structure, when it is necessary to completely block the outflow of grain, the operator pushes the gate body 4.2 backward to the limit position. At this time, the sealing portion 4.21 of the gate body 4.2 fits tightly with the first adapter on the gate mounting seat 4.1, blocking the falling channel of grain after it flows out of the grain outlet. Whether it is in the scene of equipment movement, temporary stop of grain unloading or maintenance and inspection, it can accurately achieve instant stop flow.

[0050] During the grain unloading process, the operator can finely adjust the grain flow rate according to dynamic factors such as the loading progress and capacity requirements of the transfer vehicle. By gradually pulling the gate body 4.2 forward, the second adapter 4.22 begins to gradually overlap with the first adapter. As the pulling stroke steadily increases, the overlapping area continues to increase, and the channel for grain outflow is steadily widened. When the second adapter 4.22 gradually completely overlaps with the first adapter, the grain outlet channel reaches the maximum unblocked state, and the grain flow rate at this time reaches the peak, which can unload the grain into the transfer vehicle at the fastest speed, meeting the urgent need for efficient grain unloading.

[0051] Furthermore, a push-pull handle 4.23 is provided at the front end of the gate body 4.2, and an anti-drop limit structure 4.24 is provided at the rear end.

[0052] The design of the push-pull handle 4.23 is extremely user-friendly. The shape is a rounded arc, which fits the natural grip curve of the human hand. The surface is covered with fine and deep anti-slip patterns. These patterns are made by a special rubber injection molding process. Even in an outdoor working environment covered with dust, dew or even rain, when the operator's hand touches it, it can generate sufficient friction, hold the handle firmly, and easily and accurately control the push and pull action of the gate body 4.2, which greatly improves the convenience and accuracy of operation.

[0053] The anti-drop limit structure 4.24 is the key line of defense to ensure the stable operation of the gate assembly 4. When the gate body 4.2 is pushed and pulled, due to extreme situations such as unexpected strong impact and severe vibration of the equipment, the limit block and the rubber pad can effectively buffer and block the gate body 4.2 from further displacement, preventing it from detaching from the gate mounting seat 4.1, ensuring that the entire gate assembly 4 always remains stable under complex and changeable operating conditions, eliminating hidden dangers such as grain leakage caused by the gate falling off, and escorting the continuous and smooth progress of grain unloading operations.

[0054] Example 4 This embodiment discloses a grain tank device of a combine harvester as a preferred implementation of the present technical solution, that is, based on Embodiment 1, 2 or 3, its grain tank bracket 8 includes an installation transverse frame beam 8.1, a connecting vertical frame beam 8.2 and a reinforcing diagonal beam 8.3.

[0055] One end of the installation horizontal frame beam 8.1 is vertically fixedly connected to the connecting vertical frame beam 8.2 to form a stable right-angle support structure to ensure overall rigidity. The other end is slidably connected to the right door frame 7 through the first pulley assembly 8.4. The first pulley assembly 8.4 has a fine structure. The pulley body used is made of high-strength nylon and is inlaid with precision ball bearings. It has excellent wear resistance and can withstand the friction loss caused by frequent lifting of the grain box. It can also achieve smooth rolling with an extremely low friction coefficient, ensuring that the installation horizontal frame beam 8.1 slides smoothly and efficiently on the right door frame 7.

[0056] The vertical frame beam 8.2 is slidably connected to the left door frame 6 through the second sliding assembly 8.5, and the design of the second sliding assembly 8.5 is also exquisite. A combination of hardened stainless steel guide rails and matching sliders is selected, and a self-lubricating device is provided inside the slider. While ensuring that the vertical frame beam 8.2 and the left door frame 6 are closely fitted and accurately guided, it can always maintain smooth movement and avoid jamming in high temperature, exposure or humid environment, providing stable support for the lifting and lowering of the grain box bracket 8.

[0057] The two ends of the reinforcement diagonal beam 8.3 are respectively connected to the installation horizontal frame beam 8.1 and the connecting vertical frame beam 8.2, and usually adopt a triangular stable structure design, using the principle of mechanics to disperse and transmit the pressure from the box body 1, greatly enhancing the compressive capacity of the entire grain tank bracket 8. The reinforcement diagonal beam 8.3 is mostly made of high-strength alloy steel, which has been quenched and tempered. While having high strength, it has good toughness to prevent breakage when subjected to heavy pressure or sudden impact, and comprehensively guarantee the stability of the grain tank bracket 8 and even the entire grain tank device.

[0058] Example 5 This embodiment discloses a grain tank device for a combine harvester, as a preferred implementation of the technical solution, that is, based on Example 4, its left door frame 6 includes two mutually parallel first support columns 6.1, and the bottoms of the two first support columns 6.1 are respectively fixedly connected to the door frame base 5, specifically by welding or high-strength grade bolt connection. The tops of the two first support columns 6.1 are fixedly connected by a first top crossbeam 6.2, and the first top crossbeam 6.2 is also made of high-quality steel with exquisite welding technology to ensure the rigidity of the overall frame. Furthermore, the horizontal cross section of the first support column 6.1 is in the shape of "┠┨", and this unique shape is specially designed for the second pulley assembly, providing it with a vertical guide rail with a horizontal cross section in the shape of "┨", that is, a "┨"-shaped vertical guide rail 6.3.

[0059] On this basis, the second pulley assembly includes a slide 8.51, which is made of U-shaped steel and has good structural strength and guiding properties. The bottom of the groove on the inner side of the slide 8.51 is provided with a first roller 8.52 that is in rolling contact with the right side of the "┨"-shaped vertical guide rail 6.3, and one or more first rollers 8.52 can be provided according to the actual load and smoothness requirements. Usually, alloy steel with high hardness and low friction coefficient is selected, and the surface is quenched, wear-resistant and smooth rolling. In addition, at least one set of limiting wheel groups is installed on the slide 8.51, and each set of limiting wheel groups includes two symmetrically arranged first limiting wheels 8.53 respectively installed on the groove walls on both sides of the inner side of the slide 8.51, and the two first limiting wheels 8.53 are respectively in rolling contact with the left side of the "┨"-shaped vertical guide rail 6.3. Therefore, the first roller 8.52 cooperates with the limiting wheel group and utilizes the mechanical limiting principle to accurately constrain from the left and right directions to prevent the second pulley assembly from moving left and right on the left door frame 6; the two first limiting wheels 8.53 in the limiting wheel group cooperate to clamp the guide rail from the front and back directions to prevent the second pulley assembly from moving back and forth on the left door frame 6, thereby fully ensuring the accuracy and stability of the sliding of the connecting vertical beam on the left door frame 6.

[0060] Example 6 This embodiment discloses a grain tank device for a combine harvester, as a preferred implementation of the technical solution, that is, based on Example 4 or 5, its right mast 7 includes two second support columns 7.1 parallel to each other, and the bottoms of the two second support columns 7.1 are fixedly connected to the mast base 5 respectively, and the connection method is similar to that of the left mast 6 to ensure the stability of the structure. The tops of the two second support columns 7.1 are fixedly connected by a second top crossbeam 7.2 to form a stable frame. The second support column 7.1 is made of U-shaped steel, and a groove-shaped space is formed inside, that is, a "U"-shaped guide groove 7.3, which is convenient for the installation and operation of the first pulley assembly 8.4.

[0061] On this basis, the first pulley assembly 8.4 includes a wheel seat 8.41, on which a second roller 8.42 and a second limiting wheel 8.43 are installed. The second roller 8.42 is in rolling contact with the bottom of the "U"-shaped guide groove 7.3 on the right door frame 7. This design allows the second roller 8.42 to roll smoothly at the bottom of the groove, effectively bearing part of the weight of the grain tank bracket 8 when sliding up and down, reducing friction and improving sliding efficiency. The arc surfaces on both sides of the second limiting wheel 8.43 are in contact with the groove walls on both sides of the "U"-shaped guide groove 7.3 respectively, and the friction generated by the close fit and the mechanical blocking principle are used to accurately prevent the first pulley assembly 8.4 from moving forward and backward, ensuring that the installation cross frame beam 8.1 slides smoothly on the right door frame 7 without deviation.

[0062] Example 7 This embodiment discloses a grain box device for a combine harvester, as a preferred implementation of the present technical solution, that is, based on any one of embodiments 1 to 6, its driving mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder 9, a mounting frame 10 and a lifting chain 11.

[0063] The hydraulic cylinder 9 is installed on the gantry base 5. As the power foundation of the entire drive mechanism, a cylinder body made of high-strength alloy steel is usually selected. The inner wall is finely ground to ensure the sealing of the piston when it reciprocates in the cylinder body, effectively prevent hydraulic oil leakage, and ensure stable power output. Its piston rod adopts a quenching and tempering process, has good toughness and wear resistance, and can withstand long-term, high-intensity push and pull loads. The hydraulic cylinder 9 is precisely designed with a suitable stroke based on the operating requirements of the harvester, which is sufficient to meet the lifting requirements of the box 1 from the lowest loading position to the highest unloading position. During field operations, the hydraulic system drives the cylinder piston rod to extend and retract by accurately controlling the flow and pressure of the hydraulic oil, providing reliable and stable power for the lifting of the box 1.

[0064] The mounting frame 10 has a unique "T"-shaped design, which not only optimizes the structural strength, but also facilitates the installation of the sprocket 12 and the layout of the lifting chain 11. Its bottom is fixedly connected to the actuating shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 9 by high-strength bolts to ensure a firm connection and accurate transmission of the thrust of the cylinder. Sprockets 12 are installed at both ends of the top, and each sprocket 12 corresponds to a lifting chain 11. This symmetrical layout makes the force distribution more uniform and effectively avoids component wear or jamming caused by uneven force. The mounting frame 10 is made of high-quality carbon steel material while ensuring strength. It has a certain flexibility and can adapt to the vibration and impact generated when the harvester operates in complex terrain.

[0065] The lifting chain 11 is a key transmission component that connects the grain tank support 8 with the sprocket 12 and the left gantry 6. One end of the lifting chain 11 is fixedly connected to the grain tank support 8, and a special high-strength connecting pin is used to ensure a reliable connection and will not loosen or break under heavy load. The other end of the lifting chain 11 is fixedly connected to the left gantry 6 by means of a supporting beam 13 after bypassing the sprocket 12. The supporting beam 13 is also made of high-strength steel and welded at an appropriate position on the left gantry 6 to provide a stable supporting point for the lifting chain 11. The lifting chain 11 itself is made of high-strength alloy steel, the chain links are precisely forged, and the surface is rust-proofed. It has good tensile strength and wear resistance, and can work stably for a long time in harsh field environments. When the hydraulic cylinder 9 drives the mounting frame 10 to rise or fall, the sprocket 12 rotates accordingly, driving the lifting chain 11 to move, thereby pulling the grain tank support 8 to rise and fall smoothly along the gantry guide mechanism to achieve precise positioning of the box body 1.

[0066] Example 8 This embodiment discloses a method for using a grain box device, which is a preferred implementation mode of the present technical solution. The grain box device is a grain box device of any one of the combine harvesters in Examples 1 to 7. The specific method of use includes grain box assembly, grain loading operation and grain unloading operation.

[0067] Grain tank assembly includes: At a suitable position of the combine harvester, according to the equipment installation instructions, the gantry base 5 of the grain tank device is firmly fixed to ensure that it is level and stable and can withstand various stresses in subsequent operations. For example, high-strength bolts can be used to tightly connect the base to the reserved installation position of the harvester body, and the bolts need to be tightened to the specified torque to prevent loosening during operation.

[0068] Install the left gantry 6 and the right gantry 7 in sequence, align them vertically with the gantry base 5 and then fix them to ensure that the verticality between the two meets the accuracy requirements. Usually the verticality error should be controlled within a very small range, such as ±0.5°, so as to provide precise guidance for the grain tank bracket 8.

[0069] Install the two ends of the grain tank bracket 8 smoothly on the left and right side door frames 7 to ensure smooth sliding connection. Apply a proper amount of lubricant to the sliding parts, such as graphite grease, to ensure lubrication and prevent dust and impurities. After installation, manually test the lifting and sliding of the grain tank bracket 8, and there should be no jamming.

[0070] The box body 1 is stably placed on the grain box bracket 8 and reliably fixed to prevent the box body 1 from shaking and displacement during the driving and operation of the harvester. The box body 1 can be closely fitted to the bracket by combining the card slot and the positioning pin, and then further reinforced with a fastening belt.

[0071] Finally, electrically connect the driving mechanism of the grain tank device and the main control system of the combine harvester according to the electrical wiring diagram, and carefully check whether each wire is connected correctly. After the connection is completed, use professional electrical testing tools to perform insulation, continuity and other tests on the line to ensure normal signal transmission and avoid short circuit, open circuit and other faults that affect equipment operation.

[0072] Grain loading operations include: When the combine harvester starts harvesting and needs to load grain into the box 1, the grain discharge barrel 2 is first rotated to a vertical angle with the ground. The operator enters the harvester cockpit and starts the drive mechanism on the operation interface of the master control system in the cockpit. The master control system sends a command signal to the drive mechanism. After receiving the signal, the drive mechanism starts working in coordination with the gantry guide mechanism to control the box 1 to descend smoothly. The operator needs to pay close attention to the descent process of the box 1 and ensure that the box 1 descends to the lowest position through the height sensor data on the display screen. The lowest position should be set in advance in the master control system.

[0073] After the box 1 is in place, during the operation of the combine harvester, its threshing device directly transports the harvested and threshed grain into the box 1. The operator should observe the grain loading situation of the box 1 at any time to prevent grain from overflowing. When the box 1 is almost full, the grain loading operation can be stopped in advance.

[0074] Grain unloading operations include: When the harvester has finished harvesting an area and needs to unload grain, the operator starts the drive mechanism through the operation interface of the master control system. The master control system controls the drive mechanism in coordination with the gantry guide mechanism to control the rise of the box 1 according to the preset program. The operator inputs the target height data or selects the corresponding unloading mode (different modes correspond to different common unloading heights) through the master control system according to the height requirements of the unloading target, such as unloading grain to a large transport truck with a higher truck compartment height, so that the box 1 rises to a height that meets the unloading requirements. During the rising process, the master control system monitors the height of the box 1 in real time to ensure accurate positioning.

[0075] After the box body 1 reaches the specified height, the operator manually rotates the grain discharge barrel 2 to the angle required for grain unloading to ensure that the grain discharge port of the grain discharge barrel 2 is accurately aligned with the target position for grain unloading.

[0076] Finally, the gate assembly 4 is opened, and the gate opening and closing degree can be appropriately adjusted according to the grain unloading speed requirements, so that the grain in the box body 1 falls smoothly and evenly along the grain outlet tube 2 to the grain unloading target position. During the grain unloading process, pay attention to observe the grain flow rate. If there is an abnormal situation such as blockage, stop unloading in time and check the fault.

Claims

1. A grain tank device for a combine harvester, characterized in that: It comprises a box body (1), a grain discharging tube (2), a door frame guide mechanism and a driving mechanism; The gantry guide mechanism comprises a gantry base (5), a left gantry (6), a right gantry (7) and a grain tank bracket (8); the left gantry (6) and the right gantry (7) are arranged parallel to each other and are respectively vertically fixedly connected to the gantry base (5); the two ends of the grain tank bracket (8) are respectively slidably connected to the left gantry (6) and the right gantry (7), and the box body (1) is mounted on the grain tank bracket (8); The driving mechanism is mounted on the gantry guide mechanism and cooperates with the gantry guide mechanism to control the box body (1) to rise or fall; One end of the grain discharge barrel (2) is rotatably connected to one side of the bottom of the box body (1), and the rotation surface is perpendicular to the horizontal plane; the other end of the grain discharge barrel (2) is provided with a gate assembly (4); and a rotating barrel handle (3) is provided on the side of the grain discharge barrel (2).

2. A grain tank device for a combine harvester as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The box body (1) comprises an upper main bin (1.1) and a lower grain collecting bin (1.2) which are arranged integrally, and the lowest structure at the bottom of the lower grain collecting bin (1.2) is arranged at an edge position of the box body (1), and the grain outlet barrel (2) is connected to the lowest structure at the bottom of the lower grain collecting bin (1.2).

3. A grain tank device for a combine harvester as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The gate assembly (4) comprises a gate mounting seat (4.1) and a gate body (4.2); the gate mounting seat (4.1) is mounted at the grain outlet of the grain outlet barrel (2), and a first adapter is provided on the gate mounting seat (4.1) corresponding to the grain outlet; the gate body (4.2) is movably connected to the mounting seat in a push-pull manner, and half of the structure of the gate body (4.2) is a sealing portion (4.21), and the other half of the structure is provided with a second adapter (4.22) corresponding to the grain outlet; a push-pull handle (4.23) is provided at the front end of the gate body (4.2), and an anti-drop limit structure (4.24) is provided at the rear end.

4. A grain tank device for a combine harvester as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The grain box support (8) comprises a mounting transverse frame beam (8.1), a connecting vertical frame beam (8.2) and a reinforcing diagonal beam (8.3); one end of the mounting transverse frame beam (8.1) is vertically fixedly connected to the connecting vertical frame beam (8.2), and the other end is slidably connected to the right door frame (7) via a first pulley assembly (8.4); the connecting vertical frame beam (8.2) is slidably connected to the left door frame (6) via a second sliding assembly (8.5); and both ends of the reinforcing diagonal beam (8.3) are respectively connected to the mounting transverse frame beam (8.1) and the connecting vertical frame beam (8.2).

5. A grain tank device for a combine harvester as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The left door frame (6) comprises two mutually parallel first support columns (6.1), the bottoms of the two first support columns (6.1) are respectively fixedly connected to the door frame base (5), and the tops of the two first support columns (6.1) are fixedly connected via a first top crossbeam (6.2); the horizontal cross section of the first support column (6.1) is in a "┠┨" shape, providing a "┨"-shaped vertical guide rail (6.3) for the second sliding assembly (8.5).

6. A grain tank device for a combine harvester as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The second sliding assembly (8.5) comprises a sliding seat (8.51), and a first roller (8.52) and a limiting wheel set are arranged at the bottom of the groove inside the sliding seat (8.51); the first roller (8.52) is in rolling contact with the right side of the "┨"-shaped vertical guide rail (6.3); each set of limiting wheel sets comprises two first limiting wheels (8.53) which are symmetrically arranged and respectively mounted on the groove walls on both sides inside the sliding seat (8.51), and the two first limiting wheels (8.53) are respectively in rolling contact with the left side of the "┨"-shaped vertical guide rail (6.3).

7. A grain tank device for a combine harvester as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The right side door frame (7) comprises two second supporting columns (7.1) parallel to each other, the bottoms of the two second supporting columns (7.1) are respectively fixedly connected to the door frame base (5); the tops of the two second supporting columns (7.1) are fixedly connected via a second top crossbeam (7.2); the second supporting columns (7.1) are made of U-shaped steel and provide a "U"-shaped guide groove (7.3) for the first pulley assembly (8.4).

8. A grain tank device for a combine harvester as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The first pulley assembly (8.4) comprises a wheel seat (8.41), on which a second roller (8.42) and a second limiting wheel (8.43) are mounted; the second roller (8.42) is in rolling contact with the bottom of a "U"-shaped guide groove (7.3) on the right door frame (7); and the arcuate surfaces on both sides of the second limiting wheel (8.43) are in contact with the groove walls on both sides of the "U"-shaped guide groove (7.3) respectively.

9. A grain tank device for a combine harvester as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder (9), a mounting frame (10) and a lifting chain (11); the hydraulic cylinder (9) is mounted on a gantry base (5); the mounting frame (10) is fixedly connected to an actuating shaft of the hydraulic cylinder (9); a sprocket (12) is mounted on the mounting frame (10); one end of the lifting chain (11) is fixedly connected to a grain box bracket (8); the other end of the lifting chain (11) is fixedly connected to a left gantry (6) via a traction beam (13) after passing around the sprocket (12).

10. A method for using a grain tank device, characterized in that: The grain tank device is a grain tank device of a combine harvester as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and the method of using the grain tank device is as follows: Assembling the grain tank device on the combine harvester, and electrically connecting the driving mechanism of the grain tank device to the master control system of the combine harvester; When it is necessary to load grain into the box (1), the grain discharge barrel (2) is rotated to an angle perpendicular to the ground; then the driving mechanism is started by the master control system, so that the driving mechanism cooperates with the gantry guide mechanism to control the box (1) to descend to the lowest position, and the threshing device of the combine harvester directly transports the grain into the box (1); When grain unloading is required, the driving mechanism is started through the master control system, so that the driving mechanism cooperates with the gantry guide mechanism to control the box body (1) to rise to a height that meets the grain unloading requirements; then the grain discharge barrel (2) is rotated to the angle required for grain unloading, so that the grain discharge port of the grain discharge barrel (2) is aligned with the grain unloading target position; finally, the operator opens the gate assembly (4), so that the grain in the box body (1) falls along the grain discharge barrel (2) to the grain unloading target position.

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