Iron removal system and method for aluminum alloy casting

Abstract

The invention provides an aluminum alloy casting iron removal system and method.The aluminum alloy casting iron removal system comprises a smelting furnace used for smelting molten aluminum, and the smelting furnace is provided with a discharging opening; the conveying belt is arranged corresponding to the discharging opening, a plurality of crystallizers are arranged on the surface of the conveying belt in the conveying direction, and the crystallizers are used for receiving the molten aluminum discharged through the discharging opening; the cooling device is arranged at the tail end, in the conveying direction, of the conveying belt, the cooling device is used for cooling the crystallizer located at the tail end, and molten aluminum in the crystallizer can be cooled by the cooling device to form cast ingots; and the cutting device is arranged at the downstream of the conveying belt and is used for cutting the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the cast ingot. By means of the technical scheme, the problem that in the prior art, iron elements are difficult to separate from molten aluminum can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy ingot casting, and in particular to an aluminum alloy casting iron removal system and method. Background Art

[0002] In the process of recycling waste aluminum to prepare secondary aluminum, impurity elements such as Fe, Si, Zn, Mg and Pb will be introduced into the melt. In particular, when the impurity iron element exceeds the standard, a coarse iron-rich phase will be formed, which will seriously affect the performance of the aluminum alloy. Therefore, the excess iron element must be removed.

[0003] Among the existing technologies for removing iron from molten aluminum, the principle of the gravity sedimentation method with flux is the simplest. During the smelting process, flux is added to the aluminum liquid, and the flux reacts with iron to form a coarse iron-rich phase. The density of the iron-rich phase is greater than that of the aluminum liquid, and it will naturally settle to the bottom of the furnace. The aluminum melt is poured out of the smelting furnace to separate the iron-rich phase. This method is relatively simple, but it requires the aluminum liquid to have good fluidity, and in order to prevent part of the iron-rich phase deposition layer from being poured out, the pouring angle of the smelting furnace needs to be lowered, which will result in the purified aluminum melt not being completely poured out, and a large amount of residue. And because the solid solubility of iron content in aluminum melt decreases with decreasing temperature, from the temperature at which the iron-rich phase begins to precipitate, the lower the temperature, the more iron-rich phase precipitates, and the higher the iron removal rate. However, the lower the temperature of the aluminum liquid, the greater the viscosity, resulting in worse fluidity of the melt. Therefore, the iron removal rate and the fluidity of aluminum liquid are two contradictory indicators. If the aluminum liquid is to be separated from the iron-rich phase at the bottom of the furnace, the aluminum liquid needs to have a higher temperature to ensure fluidity. However, when the temperature rises, the solid solubility of iron in the aluminum liquid will also increase, that is, the iron removal rate will decrease, affecting the quality of recycled aluminum production. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an aluminum alloy casting iron removal system and method to solve the problem that it is difficult to separate iron elements from aluminum liquid in the prior art.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an aluminum alloy casting iron removal system, which includes: a smelting furnace for smelting aluminum liquid, the smelting furnace having a discharge port; a conveyor belt, arranged corresponding to the discharge port, a plurality of crystallizers are arranged on the surface of the conveyor belt along the conveying direction, the crystallizer is used to receive the aluminum liquid discharged through the discharge port; a cooling device, arranged at the end of the conveyor belt along the conveying direction, the cooling device is used to cool the crystallizer located at the end, the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer can form an ingot under the cooling of the cooling device; a cutting device, arranged downstream of the conveyor belt, the cutting device is used to split the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the ingot.

[0006] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy casting iron removal system also includes: an insulation device, the insulation device includes an insulation furnace, the insulation furnace is located in the middle of the conveyor belt, the conveyor belt is passed through the insulation furnace, and the insulation furnace is provided with a heating unit, and the heating unit is used to heat the crystallizer passing through the insulation furnace to control the temperature of the crystallizer that has not passed through the cooling device.

[0007] Furthermore, the insulation furnace has an inlet end and an outlet end arranged along the transport direction of the conveyor belt. The insulation device also includes a temperature sensor and a controller. The controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the heating unit respectively. Two controllers are provided, and the two controllers are respectively arranged corresponding to the inlet end and the outlet end. The two temperature sensors can detect the temperature difference between the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer entering the insulation furnace and the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer exiting the insulation furnace, and control the power of the heating unit through the controller.

[0008] Furthermore, a plurality of heating units are arranged in the insulation furnace, and the plurality of heating units are arranged at intervals along the transport direction of the conveyor belt. The plurality of heating units are electrically connected to the controller respectively so that the heating power of each heating unit can be individually controlled by the controller.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of heating units are arranged in the insulation furnace, and the plurality of heating units are arranged corresponding to the upper surface and the lower surface of the upper conveyor belt respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the cooling device has a nozzle, which is arranged corresponding to the outer wall of the crystallizer and is used to spray water into the crystallizer to reduce the temperature of the crystallizer.

[0011] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy casting iron removal system also includes a baking device, which is arranged upstream of the discharge port to preheat the crystallizer into which the aluminum liquid has not been injected.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for removing iron from aluminum alloy casting is provided. The method for removing iron from aluminum alloy casting is performed by the above-mentioned aluminum alloy casting iron removal system, and the method comprises:

[0013] Step 1: Add flux and alloy elements into the smelting furnace;

[0014] Step 2: introducing the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace into multiple crystallizers respectively;

[0015] Step 3: lowering the temperature of the crystallizer by a cooling device to solidify the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer to form an ingot with an iron-rich phase deposition layer;

[0016] Step 4: Cut and remove the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the ingot.

[0017] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy casting iron removal system is the aluminum alloy casting iron removal system of claim 2, and in the insulation furnace, the rate at which the aluminum liquid temperature decreases is 0.1°C / s to 1°C / s.

[0018] Furthermore, in terms of mass percentage, in the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace, the Fe element content is 0.1~4.0wt.%, the Si element content is 1~15wt.%, the Mn element content is 0~5wt.%, the Ni element content is 0~2wt.%, the Sn element content is 0~0.5wt.%, the Mg element content is 0~6wt.%, the Cu element content is 0~6wt.%, the Zn element content is 0~6wt.%, the Ti element content is 0~0.3wt.%, and a single impurity element among the impurity elements is ≤0.05wt.%, and the rest is Al.

[0019] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, the aluminum alloy casting iron removal system includes a smelting furnace, a conveyor belt, a cooling device and a cutting device. After smelting and recovering aluminum, the smelting furnace can melt the waste aluminum into aluminum liquid, and the aluminum liquid can flow into the crystallizer through the discharge port. Multiple crystallizers can pass through the discharge port one by one under the drive of the conveyor belt, and the aluminum liquid weighing more than ten tons or even tens of tons in the smelting furnace can be transferred to multiple crystallizers, which is more conducive to controlling the temperature, cooling rate and insulation time of the aluminum liquid, so that the iron-rich phase is fully separated, grown and settled. After the crystallizer passes through the cooling device, the aluminum liquid is fully cooled to form an ingot. At this time, the iron-rich phase deposition layer will be deposited at the bottom of the crystallizer due to density, and the ingot is transferred to the cutting device. After the iron-rich phase deposition layer is cut by the cutting device, the iron element in the aluminum alloy can be fully removed. The present application skips the contradictory relationship between the fluidity of aluminum liquid and the iron removal rate. By allowing the aluminum liquid to completely solidify, and then physically removing the iron-rich phase deposition layer at the bottom of the ingot to achieve the separation of purified aluminum and the iron-rich phase deposition layer, the iron removal rate can be maximized and the quality of aluminum alloy casting can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the aluminum alloy casting iron removal system provided by the present invention is shown.

[0022] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0023] 100. Melting furnace;

[0024] 200. Conveyor belt;

[0025] 300. Crystallizer;

[0026] 400. Cooling device;

[0027] 500. Cutting device;

[0028] 610, holding furnace; 620, heating unit; 630, temperature sensor;

[0029] 700. Baking device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an aluminum alloy casting iron removal system, and the aluminum alloy casting iron removal system includes a smelting furnace 100, a conveyor belt 200, a cooling device 400 and a cutting device 500. Among them, the smelting furnace 100 is used to smelt aluminum liquid, and the smelting furnace 100 has a discharge port. The conveyor belt 200 is arranged corresponding to the discharge port, and a plurality of crystallizers 300 are arranged on the surface of the conveyor belt 200 along the conveying direction, and the crystallizer 300 is used to receive the aluminum liquid discharged through the discharge port. The cooling device 400 is arranged at the end of the conveyor belt 200 along the conveying direction, and the cooling device 400 is used to cool the crystallizer 300 located at the end, and the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300 can form an ingot under the cooling of the cooling device 400. The cutting device 500 is arranged downstream of the conveyor belt 200, and the cutting device 500 is used to split the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the ingot.

[0032] By applying the technical solution of the present application, the aluminum alloy casting iron removal system includes a smelting furnace 100, a conveyor belt 200, a cooling device 400 and a cutting device 500. After smelting and recovering aluminum, the smelting furnace 100 can melt the waste aluminum into aluminum liquid, and the aluminum liquid can flow into the crystallizer 300 through the discharge port. Driven by the conveyor belt 200, multiple crystallizers 300 can pass through the discharge port one by one, and transfer more than ten tons or even dozens of tons of aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100 to multiple crystallizers 300, which is more conducive to controlling the temperature, cooling rate and insulation time of the aluminum liquid, so that the iron-rich phase is fully separated, grown and settled. After the crystallizer 300 passes through the cooling device 400, the aluminum liquid is fully cooled to form an ingot. At this time, the iron-rich phase deposition layer will be deposited at the bottom of the crystallizer 300 due to its density. The ingot is transferred to the cutting device 500, and the iron element in the aluminum alloy can be fully removed after the iron-rich phase deposition layer is cut by the cutting device 500. This application skips the contradictory relationship between the fluidity of molten aluminum and the iron removal rate. By allowing the molten aluminum to completely solidify and then physically removing the iron-rich phase deposition layer at the bottom of the ingot to achieve the separation of purified aluminum and the iron-rich phase deposition layer, the iron removal rate can be maximized and the quality of aluminum alloy casting can be improved.

[0033] Specifically in the present application, the aluminum alloy casting iron removal system also includes a heat preservation device, which includes a heat preservation furnace 610, which is located in the middle of the conveyor belt 200, and the conveyor belt 200 is arranged in the heat preservation furnace 610. The heat preservation furnace 610 has a heating unit 620, and the heating unit 620 is used to heat the crystallizer 300 passing through the heat preservation furnace 610 to control the temperature of the crystallizer 300 passing through the cooling device 400. By providing a heat preservation device, the temperature, cooling rate and heat preservation time of the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300 before reaching the cooling device 400 can be controlled, so that the temperature of the aluminum liquid is reduced at a certain speed, and the primary iron-rich phase formed in this way will gradually deposit to the bottom of the crystallizer under the action of gravity to form an iron-rich phase deposition layer, thereby improving the iron removal rate.

[0034] Specifically, the holding furnace 610 has an inlet end and an outlet end arranged along the transport direction of the conveyor belt 200. The holding device further includes a temperature sensor 630 and a controller. The controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 630 and the heating unit 620, respectively. Two controllers are provided, and the two controllers are respectively provided corresponding to the inlet end and the outlet end. The two temperature sensors 630 can detect the temperature difference between the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300 entering the holding furnace 610 and exiting the holding furnace 610, and control the power of the heating unit 620 through the controller. Through the above arrangement, the two temperature sensors 630 can detect the temperature of the crystallizer 300 passing through the two ends of the holding furnace 610 and the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300, and timely control the power of the heating unit 620 through the controller, and control the temperature in the holding furnace 610, so as to adjust the rate of change of the aluminum liquid temperature in real time.

[0035] Specifically, before the crystallizer 300 is transported into the holding furnace 610, the temperature of the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300 needs to be greater than 680°C.

[0036] Furthermore, a plurality of heating units 620 are arranged in the holding furnace 610, and the plurality of heating units 620 are arranged at intervals along the transport direction of the conveyor belt 200, and the plurality of heating units 620 are electrically connected to the controller respectively, so that the controller can individually control the heating power of each heating unit 620. Through the above arrangement, the temperature in the holding furnace 610 can be controlled to facilitate the gradient, which is conducive to controlling the temperature change rate of the aluminum liquid and improving the precipitation effect of the iron element.

[0037] In a feasible embodiment of the present application, the heating unit 620 can be a resistive heater, an infrared electric heater, a hot air electric heater, etc., as long as the heating function can be achieved and the heating efficiency can be controlled.

[0038] Furthermore, a plurality of heating units 620 are provided in the holding furnace 610, and the plurality of heating units 620 are respectively provided corresponding to the upper surface and the lower surface of the upper conveyor belt 200. Such a configuration can make the crystallizer 300 more evenly heated along the height direction, facilitate the control of the temperature of the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300, and improve the deposition effect of the iron element.

[0039] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the cooling device 400 is a cooling spray device, which has a nozzle, which is arranged corresponding to the outer wall of the crystallizer 300 and is used to spray water to the crystallizer 300 to reduce the temperature of the crystallizer 300. The cooling water can rapidly reduce the temperature of the crystallizer 300, and the arrangement of the nozzle corresponding to the side wall of the crystallizer 300 can also prevent the cooling water from entering the interior of the crystallizer and mixing with the aluminum liquid.

[0040] In other embodiments of the present application, the cooling device 400 may also be an air cooling device, a phase change cooling device, or an electromagnetic cooling device.

[0041] Optionally, in the aluminum alloy casting system provided in the present application, the ingot in the crystallizer 300 can be demolded by manual dumping or in cooperation with a dumping device and transported to the cutting device 500.

[0042] Optionally, the crystallizer 300 in the present application can be fixedly set on the surface of the conveyor belt 200. After the crystallizer 300 passes through the cooling device 400, when it rotates to the lower layer of the conveyor belt 200 with the conveyor belt 200, the opening of the crystallizer 300 is inverted, and the ingot can be automatically demolded under the action of gravity. The cutting device 500 is set under the conveyor belt 200 to receive the falling ingot.

[0043] In addition, the crystallizer 300 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the conveyor belt 200. After the ingot falls off, the crystallizer 300 can also rotate with the conveyor belt 200 to the upper layer of the conveyor belt 200 and reload the aluminum liquid to recycle the crystallizer 300, so that the aluminum alloy casting iron removal system can achieve continuous production.

[0044] In order to facilitate ingot demoulding, the crystallizer 300 can be made of iron and its alloys, copper and its alloys, and graphite.

[0045] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy casting iron removal system further includes a baking device 700, which is arranged upstream of the discharge port to preheat the crystallizer 300 that has not been injected with aluminum liquid. When the crystallizer 300 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the conveyor belt 200, the baking device 700 can be arranged below the conveyor belt 200 to preheat the crystallizer 300 that has not been filled with aluminum liquid, to prevent the crystallizer 300 from being broken due to temperature difference after being filled with aluminum liquid, and to prevent the crystallizer 300 from cooling down the aluminum liquid in advance, thereby ensuring the iron removal effect.

[0046] Specifically, the baking device 700 may be a hot air device.

[0047] Specifically, the baking device 700 needs to bake the temperature of the crystallizer 300 to 200-500°C.

[0048] In the present application, the cutting device 500 may be a cutting machine.

[0049] According to another aspect of the present application, a method for removing iron from aluminum alloy casting is provided. The method for removing iron from aluminum alloy casting is performed using the above-mentioned aluminum alloy casting iron removal system, and the method comprises:

[0050] Step 1: Add flux and alloy elements into the smelting furnace 100;

[0051] Step 2: introducing the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100 into a plurality of crystallizers 300 respectively;

[0052] Step 3: lowering the temperature of the crystallizer 300 by means of the cooling device 400, so that the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300 solidifies to form an ingot having an iron-rich phase deposition layer;

[0053] Step 4: Cut and remove the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the ingot.

[0054] By applying the method for removing iron from aluminum alloy casting provided in the present application, the contradictory relationship between the fluidity of the aluminum liquid and the iron removal rate can be avoided. By allowing the aluminum liquid to completely solidify and then physically removing the iron-rich phase deposition layer at the bottom of the ingot to achieve the separation of the purified aluminum and the iron-rich phase deposition layer, the iron removal rate can be maximized and the quality of aluminum alloy casting can be improved.

[0055] Specifically, in the holding furnace 610, the temperature of the aluminum liquid decreases at a rate of 0.1°C / s to 1°C / s. Before the aluminum liquid passes through the cooling device 400 with the crystallizer 300, a too fast cooling rate of the aluminum liquid will affect the sedimentation rate of the iron element. If the cooling rate is too fast, the iron element will settle too much in advance, resulting in uneven heat treatment and affecting the heat treatment of the aluminum liquid when it is not completely settled. Specifically, the cooling rate can be controlled at 0.1°C / s, 0.5°C / s or 1°C / s.

[0056] Specifically, the alloy element is Mn.

[0057] In the present application, in terms of mass percentage, in the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100, the Fe element content is 0.1~4.0wt.%, the Si element content is 1~15wt.%, the Mn element content is 0~5wt.%, the Ni element content is 0~2%, the Sn element content is 0~0.5wt.%, the Mg element content is 0~6wt.%, the Cu element content is 0~6wt.%, the Zn element content is 0~6wt.%, the Ti element content is 0~0.3wt.%, and a single impurity element among the impurity elements is ≤0.05wt.%, and the rest is Al.

[0058] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] This embodiment provides a method for removing iron from aluminum alloy casting, which mainly includes the following steps:

[0061] Flux and alloy element Mn are added into the smelting furnace 100, and smelting is performed. In the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100, the Fe element content is 1wt.%, the Si element content is 8wt.%, the Mn element content is 2wt.%, the Ni element content is 1.5wt.%, the Sn element content is 0.1wt.%, the Mg element content is 1.5wt.%, the Cu element content is 3wt.%, the Zn element content is 1wt.%, the Ti element content is 0.25wt.%, and the single impurity element among the impurity elements is 0.04wt.%, and the rest is Al;

[0062] The aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100 is introduced into a plurality of crystallizers 300 respectively, and the cooling rate of the crystallizers 300 passing through the holding furnace 610 is set to 0.1°C / s;

[0063] The temperature of the crystallizer 300 is lowered to below 300° C. by the cooling device 400 so that the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300 solidifies to form an ingot having an iron-rich phase deposition layer;

[0064] The cutting device 500 is used to cut and remove the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the ingot to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot after iron removal.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] Flux and alloy element Mn are added into the smelting furnace 100, and smelting is performed. In the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100, the Fe element content is 2wt.%, the Si element content is 6.5wt.%, the Mn element content is 3.5wt.%, the Ni element content is 1wt.%, the Mg element content is 2wt.%, the Cu element content is 3.5wt.%, the Zn element content is 1wt.%, the Ti element content is 0.2wt.%, and the single impurity element among the impurity elements is 0.03wt.%, and the rest is Al;

[0067] The aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100 is introduced into a plurality of crystallizers 300 respectively, and the cooling rate of the crystallizers 300 passing through the holding furnace 610 is set to 0.5°C / s;

[0068] The temperature of the crystallizer 300 is lowered to below 300° C. by the cooling device 400 so that the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300 solidifies to form an ingot having an iron-rich phase deposition layer;

[0069] The cutting device 500 is used to cut and remove the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the ingot to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot after iron removal.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] Flux and alloy element Mn are added into the smelting furnace 100, and smelting is performed. In the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100, the Fe element content is 1.5wt.%, the Si element content is 6wt.%, the Mn element content is 3wt.%, the Ni element content is 1wt.%, the Sn element content is 0.2wt.%, the Mg element content is 2.5wt.%, the Cu element content is 3.5wt.%, the Zn element content is 3wt.%, the Ti element content is 0.2wt.%, and the single impurity element among the impurity elements is 0.04wt.%, and the rest is Al;

[0072] The aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100 is introduced into a plurality of crystallizers 300 respectively, and the cooling rate of the crystallizers 300 passing through the holding furnace 610 is set to 1°C / s;

[0073] The temperature of the crystallizer 300 is lowered to below 300° C. by the cooling device 400 so that the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300 solidifies to form an ingot having an iron-rich phase deposition layer;

[0074] The cutting device 500 is used to cut and remove the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the ingot to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot after iron removal.

[0075] Example 4

[0076] Flux and alloy element Mn are added into the smelting furnace 100, and smelting is performed. In the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100, the Fe element content is 3.5wt.%, the Si element content is 5wt.%, the Mn element content is 4wt.%, the Ni element content is 0.7%, the Sn element content is 0.2wt.%, the Mg element content is 1.5wt.%, the Cu element content is 1wt.%, the Zn element content is 2wt.%, the Ti element content is 0.1wt.%, and the single impurity element among the impurity elements is 0.05wt.%, and the rest is Al;

[0077] The aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100 is introduced into a plurality of crystallizers 300 respectively, and the cooling rate of the crystallizers 300 passing through the holding furnace 610 is set to 1°C / s;

[0078] The temperature of the crystallizer 300 is lowered to below 300° C. by the cooling device 400 so that the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300 solidifies to form an ingot having an iron-rich phase deposition layer;

[0079] The cutting device 500 is used to cut and remove the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the ingot to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot after iron removal.

[0080] Example 5

[0081] Flux and alloy element Mn are added into the smelting furnace 100, and smelting is performed. In the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100, the Fe element content is 1wt.%, the Si element content is 8wt.%, the Mn element content is 2wt.%, the Ni element content is 1.5wt.%, the Sn element content is 0.1wt.%, the Mg element content is 1.5wt.%, the Cu element content is 3wt.%, the Zn element content is 1wt.%, the Ti element content is 0.25wt.%, and the single impurity element among the impurity elements is 0.04wt.%, and the rest is Al;

[0082] The aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100 is introduced into a plurality of crystallizers 300 respectively, and the cooling rate of the crystallizers 300 passing through the holding furnace 610 is set to 0.5°C / s;

[0083] The temperature of the crystallizer 300 is lowered to below 300° C. by the cooling device 400 so that the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300 solidifies to form an ingot having an iron-rich phase deposition layer;

[0084] The cutting device 500 is used to cut and remove the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the ingot to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot after iron removal.

[0085] Example 6

[0086] Flux and alloy element Mn are added into the smelting furnace 100, and smelting is performed. In the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100, the Fe element content is 1wt.%, the Si element content is 8wt.%, the Mn element content is 2wt.%, the Ni element content is 1.5wt.%, the Sn element content is 0.1wt.%, the Mg element content is 1.5wt.%, the Cu element content is 3wt.%, the Zn element content is 1wt.%, the Ti element content is 0.25wt.%, and the single impurity element among the impurity elements is 0.04wt.%, and the rest is Al;

[0087] The aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100 is introduced into a plurality of crystallizers 300 respectively, and the cooling rate of the crystallizers 300 passing through the holding furnace 610 is set to 1.0°C / s;

[0088] The temperature of the crystallizer 300 is lowered to below 300° C. by the cooling device 400 so that the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300 solidifies to form an ingot having an iron-rich phase deposition layer;

[0089] The cutting device 500 is used to cut and remove the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the ingot to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot after iron removal.

[0090] The aluminum alloy ingots prepared in Examples 1 to 6 were selected to measure the contents of iron and aluminum in their chemical compositions. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0091] Table 1 Iron removal rate of ingots and iron content of alloys after iron removal in different embodiments (wt.%)

[0092]

[0093] As can be seen from Table 1, in Examples 1 to 5, the iron content in the obtained ingots is significantly reduced by removing iron through the aluminum alloy casting iron removal method. Compared with the iron removal method in the prior art, a better iron removal rate can be obtained.

[0094] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0095] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0096] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0097] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0098] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0099] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aluminum alloy casting iron removal system, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy casting iron removal system comprises: A smelting furnace (100) is used for smelting molten aluminum, and the smelting furnace (100) has a discharge port; A conveyor belt (200) is arranged corresponding to the discharge port, and a plurality of crystallizers (300) are arranged on the surface of the conveyor belt (200) along the conveying direction, and the crystallizers (300) are used to receive the aluminum liquid discharged through the discharge port; A cooling device (400) is arranged at the end of the conveyor belt (200) along the conveying direction, the cooling device (400) is used to cool the crystallizer (300) located at the end, and the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer (300) can be formed into an ingot under the cooling of the cooling device (400); A cutting device (500) is arranged downstream of the conveyor belt (200), and the cutting device (500) is used to split the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the ingot.

2. The aluminum alloy casting iron removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy casting iron removal system also includes: A heat preservation device, the heat preservation device comprising a heat preservation furnace (610), the heat preservation furnace (610) being located in the middle of the conveyor belt (200), the conveyor belt (200) being passed through the heat preservation furnace (610), the heat preservation furnace (610) having a heating unit (620), the heating unit (620) being used to heat the crystallizer (300) passing through the heat preservation furnace (610) so as to control the temperature of the crystallizer (300) not passing through the cooling device (400).

3. The aluminum alloy casting iron removal system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The insulation furnace (610) has an inlet end and an outlet end arranged along the transport direction of the conveyor belt (200), and the insulation device also includes a temperature sensor (630) and a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor (630) and the heating unit (620) respectively. Two controllers are provided, and the two controllers are respectively arranged corresponding to the inlet end and the outlet end. The two temperature sensors (630) can detect the temperature difference between the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer (300) entering the insulation furnace (610) and the aluminum liquid exiting the insulation furnace (610), and the power of the heating unit (620) is controlled by the controller.

4. The aluminum alloy casting iron removal system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of the heating units (620) are arranged in the insulation furnace (610), and the plurality of the heating units (620) are arranged at intervals along the transport direction of the conveyor belt (200). The plurality of the heating units (620) are electrically connected to the controller respectively so that the heating power of each heating unit (620) can be individually controlled by the controller.

5. The aluminum alloy casting iron removal system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of the heating units (620) are arranged in the heat preservation furnace (610), and the plurality of the heating units (620) are arranged corresponding to the upper surface and the lower surface of the conveyor belt (200) at the upper layer, respectively.

6. The aluminum alloy casting iron removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling device (400) has a nozzle, which is arranged corresponding to the outer wall of the crystallizer (300) and is used to spray water into the crystallizer (300) to reduce the temperature of the crystallizer (300).

7. The aluminum alloy casting iron removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy casting iron removal system further comprises a baking device (700), wherein the baking device (700) is arranged upstream of the discharge port to preheat the crystallizer (300) into which the aluminum liquid has not been injected.

8. A method for removing iron from aluminum alloy casting, characterized in that: The method for removing iron from aluminum alloy casting is performed using the aluminum alloy casting iron removal system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the method comprises: Step 1: adding flux and alloy elements into a smelting furnace (100); Step 2: introducing the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace (100) into a plurality of crystallizers (300) respectively; Step three: lowering the temperature of the crystallizer (300) by means of a cooling device (400) so that the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer (300) solidifies to form an ingot having an iron-rich phase deposition layer; Step 4: cutting and removing the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the ingot.

9. The method for removing iron from aluminum alloy casting according to claim 8, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy casting iron removal system is the aluminum alloy casting iron removal system according to claim 2, and in the insulation furnace (610), the speed at which the aluminum liquid temperature decreases is 0.1°C / s to 1°C / s.

10. The method for removing iron from aluminum alloy casting according to claim 8, characterized in that: In terms of mass percentage, in the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace (100), the Fe element content is 0.1-4.0wt.%, the Si element content is 1-15wt.%, the Mn element content is 0-5wt.%, the Ni element content is 0-2wt.%, the Sn element content is 0-0.5wt.%, the Mg element content is 0-6wt.%, the Cu element content is 0-6wt.%, the Zn element content is 0-6wt.%, the Ti element content is 0-0.3wt.%, and the impurity elements have a single impurity element ≤ 0.05wt.%, and the rest is Al.

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