Tightening device and method for swinging and tightening shielding thread part

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of tool design, and relates to a screwing device and method for screwing shielding thread parts in a swinging mode. The invention provides a design thought of the screwing device for swinging and screwing the shielding thread type parts, and the parts can be screwed through one-time installation and continuous rotation; for example, by means of a torque wrench, tightening torque is accurately applied to the shielded part; each gear and the shell have enough strength and precision, high transmission efficiency and small torque loss, so that the accuracy and the stability of transmission torque are ensured; the tightening torque range depends on the measuring range of the torque wrench and the material strength of the part; on the premise that the swing range is available, the arch-shaped joint (8) and the tightening head (7) are changed, so that the device can adapt to various conditions, and is wide in application range and low in cost; the device formed by the two three-dimensional cams with the up-and-down mirror image relation of the unfolded drawings can be used as a set to achieve screwing and unscrewing of parts, and the device is convenient and fast to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of tooling design, and relates to a tightening device and method for swing-tightening parts with blocked threads. Parts that are blocked and have limited installation space can be tightened in one installation, and torque values ​​can be accurately applied. Background Art

[0002] Due to factors such as the overall space and weight reduction of aircraft engines, the design of the engine and its accessories is relatively small, resulting in limited installation space for product parts. Some threaded parts are blocked directly above, and ordinary tools cannot be used normally, especially for parts with torque requirements. The torque wrench cannot be perpendicular to the part, resulting in inaccurate torque values. Therefore, it is necessary to design a device that can tighten parts vertically and ensure the correct torque value. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is: the present invention is a tightening device that can swing repeatedly within an effective circumferential range. It can tighten threaded parts that are blocked from above, have limited installation space, and are interfered with by ordinary tools once installed, thereby solving the problem of inaccurate tightening torque of blocked parts.

[0004] The technical solution of the invention is: A tightening device for tightening obstructed threaded parts, comprising a bow-shaped torque head 4, a main body 5 and a torque wrench 6; the main body 5 comprises: an inner housing 9, a central gear 10, a return transmission shaft a11, a conversion gear d12, a support ring 13, a driving gear 14, a steering gear 15, a support plate 16, an outer housing 17, a square adapter 19, an adapter sleeve 20, an upper cover 21, an elastic retaining ring 22, a three-dimensional camshaft 23, a tightening transmission shaft 24, a conversion gear a25, a return transmission shaft b26, a conversion gear b27, a conversion gear c28, a guide pin 29, angle pin 30; the outer shell 17 is a thin-walled cylindrical structure with a stepped hole in the middle, and the support plate 16 is installed at the stepped hole; there are 4 holes on the bottom surface of the outer shell 17 and the support plate 16, which are aligned one by one, and the inner shell 9, the tightening transmission shaft 24, the return transmission shaft 26 and the return transmission shaft 11 are installed respectively; the conversion gear b27 and the conversion gear c28 are installed on the tightening transmission shaft 24; the conversion gear a25 is installed on the return transmission shaft 26; the conversion gear d12 and the steering gear a15 are installed on the return transmission shaft 11; ensure that the conversion gear d12 and The conversion gear c28 is meshed with the central gear 10 at the same time; the steering gear a15 is meshed with the conversion gear a25; when the inner housing 9 is in the lower position, the conversion gear b27 is ensured to be meshed with the driving gear 14; when the inner housing 9 is in the upper position, the conversion gear a25 is ensured to be meshed with the driving gear 14; when the inner housing 9 is in the middle position, the driving gear 14 is disengaged from all gears; the lower end of the upper cover 21 is installed in the upper end hole of the outer housing 17; the three-dimensional camshaft 23 is installed in the center hole of the upper cover 21 and fixed with a circlip 22; the adapter sleeve 20 is installed in the middle of the three-dimensional camshaft 23; the adapter sleeve 2 The lower end of the square hole is connected to the driving gear 14, and the upper end is connected to the square adapter 19. The support ring 13 is installed in the hole of the inner housing 9 and falls on the step surface of the central gear 10. One end of the guide pin 29 is pressed into the hole of the inner housing 9, and the other end is in the groove of the three-dimensional camshaft 23. The angle pin 30 is pressed into the radial hole of the outer housing 17, and one end on the inner side protrudes from the hole wall and probes into the axial groove of the inner housing 9, so that the inner housing 9 cannot rotate; the square head end of the bow-shaped torque head 4 is installed at the lower end of the inner housing 9 and locked, and the torque wrench 6 or a common hexagonal wrench is installed at the upper end of the square adapter 19.

[0005] The inner shell 9 is a cylindrical thin-walled sleeve structure, with two sections of cylinder on the outside, the lower end of which cooperates with the bottom hole of the outer shell 17, and the upper end cooperates with the hole in the support plate 16. There is a local protrusion on the upper end and a mounting hole for mounting the guide pin 29; there is an axial rectangular groove on the cylindrical surface of the lower end; there are three sections of stepped holes in the middle; the center gear 10 is installed inside, and the lower end cylinder is installed in the center hole of the inner shell 9; the outer circle of the upper end of the center gear 10 is installed in the hole of the support ring 13; the driving gear 14 is installed in the inner shell 9 and falls on the end face of the support ring 13, the fourth section of the cylinder is installed in the hole of the support ring 13, and the first section of the square is installed in the square hole of the adapter sleeve 20.

[0006] The bow-shaped torque head 4 includes: a tightening head 7 and a bow-shaped joint 8; the upper section of the tightening head 7 is a guide cylinder, the middle section is a hexagonal structure with a guide chamfer, and the lower section is shaped to transmit torque to the tightened parts; the overall structure of the bow-shaped joint 8 is a bow-shaped structure, the upper section is a square structure, inserted into the square hole of the center gear 10 during operation, the middle section is "bow-shaped" to avoid interference, and the lower section is a plum blossom hole and a round hole, which respectively cooperate with the hexagonal and guide cylinder of the tightening head 7, the hexagonal structure transmits torque, and the round hole cooperates with the guide cylinder of the tightening head 7 to achieve axial sliding positioning.

[0007] The hole of the three-dimensional camshaft 23 is interference fit or bonded with the outer circle of the adapter sleeve 20, and there are two axial rectangular grooves on the hole wall; the outer circle is clearance fit with the upper cover 21, the clearance is less than 0.005mm, and there is an annular groove with a circular arc cross-section on the outer circle, which is used to install the elastic retaining ring 22; there is a circle of three-dimensional annular groove on the outer circle, the groove is clearance fit with the guide pin 29, the clearance is less than 0.03mm, and the groove wall is polished; the center line of the three-dimensional annular groove is divided into 6 sections, namely AB neutral section, BC descending section, CD tightening section, DE rising section, EF return section, FA downshift section; the length of the CD tightening section and the EF return section are equal; the angle corresponding to the BC descending section + CD tightening section or the EF return section + DE rising section must be smaller than the angle range of the tightening space.

[0008] The outer shell 17 has three holes respectively matched with the inner shell 9, the support ring 13 and the upper cover 21, and the coaxiality is 0.005mm.

[0009] The central gear 10 is structured in three sections: the middle section is a gear, the upper and lower ends are cylindrical, and the lower end has a rectangular hole.

[0010] The driving gear 14 is structured in four sections: the first section is square, the second section is cylindrical, the third section is a gear, and the fourth section is cylindrical.

[0011] The support plate 16 and the outer shell 17 are interference fit, the interference is 0.005-0.01mm, and a disassembly hole is designed.

[0012] The central gear 10, the driving gear 14, and the three transmission shafts are respectively fitted with clearances of the mounting holes of the support ring 13, the support plate 16, and the outer shell 17, and the clearance is less than 0.005 mm.

[0013] The tooth grooves at both ends of the driving gear 14 have a 30-degree chamfer.

[0014] The center of the adapter sleeve 20 is a square hole, which is clearance-matched with the driving gear 14 and the square adapter 19 respectively, and the clearance is less than 0.01mm; the outer circle of the adapter sleeve 20 is interference-fitted or bonded with the hole of the three-dimensional camshaft 23, and there are two axial rectangular protrusions on the cylinder.

[0015] The lower section of the adapter 19 matches with the square hole of the adapter sleeve 20 , and the upper section matches with the wrench 6 . The adapter 19 can be replaced according to different interface specifications of the wrench 6 .

[0016] The upper cover 21 is a stepped disc with a hole in the center. The center hole has a clearance fit with the outer circle of the three-dimensional camshaft 23, and the clearance is less than 0.005mm. There is an annular groove with an arc-shaped cross-section in the hole for installing the elastic retaining ring 22; the stepped outer circle has a clearance fit with the stepped hole of the outer shell 17, and the clearance is less than 0.01mm.

[0017] The conversion gear b27, the conversion gear c28, the conversion gear a25, and the conversion gear d12 have the same number of teeth, and all the gears have a wear-resistant layer.

[0018] The teeth of the center gear 10 should be long enough to ensure that it remains in mesh with the conversion gear d12 and the conversion gear c28 in the neutral position, the tightening position, and the return position; the lower end of the center gear 10 has a square hole that fits the bow joint 8 with a clearance and is magnetic to ensure that the center gear 10 drives the bow joint 8 to move up and down.

[0019] All the gear holes are interference fit with the transmission shaft, and when the torque is insufficient, a key connection is adopted.

[0020] After the tightening device is assembled, the square hole of the central gear 10 and the square adapter 19 have a coaxiality of no more than 0.05 mm.

[0021] A method for installing a tightening device for swinging and tightening threaded parts: install the product 2 on the base 1, put the screw 3 to be tightened and turn it right; install the tightening head 7 and the bow joint 8, so that the bow joint 8 is in the right-hand limit position; adjust the main body 5 to the neutral position, that is, the guide pin 29 is in the AB section of the three-dimensional camshaft 23 groove, so that the driving gear 14 is disengaged from all gears; connect the torque wrench 6, the main body 5, and the bow joint 8 in sequence; turn the torque wrench 6 clockwise, and the rotational torque is transmitted to the adapter sleeve 20 through the square adapter 19, and the adapter sleeve 20 drives the three-dimensional camshaft 23 and the driving gear 14 to rotate at the same time; when the guide pin 29 enters the BC section of the three-dimensional camshaft 23 groove, the guide pin 29 drives the inner housing 9 to move downward, and the driving gear 14 gradually meshes with the conversion gear 27; When the guide pin 29 enters the CD section of the three-dimensional camshaft 23 groove, it enters the tightening position, and the rotational torque passes through the conversion gear b27, the tightening transmission shaft 24, the conversion gear c28, the central gear 10, the bow joint 8, the tightening head 7, and the screw 3, and the screw 3 is tightened by rotating clockwise; when the guide pin 29 enters the DE section of the three-dimensional camshaft 23 groove, the guide pin 29 drives the inner housing 9 to move upward, and the driving gear 14 gradually disengages from the conversion gear b27 and gradually engages with the conversion gear a25; the inner housing 9 drives the bow joint 8 upward at the same time When the guide pin 29 enters the EF section of the three-dimensional camshaft 23 groove, it enters the return position, and the rotational torque passes through the steering gear a25, the return transmission shaft b26, the steering gear 15, the return transmission shaft a11, the conversion gear d12, the center gear 10, and the bow joint 8, so that the bow joint 8 rotates counterclockwise back to the initial position; when the guide pin 29 enters the FA section of the three-dimensional camshaft 23 groove, it enters the neutral position, and a cycle ends.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1) Solved the problem that there is an obstruction directly above the threaded parts, and ordinary tools cannot be used normally, especially the problem that the thread tightening torque cannot be accurately displayed; 2) A design idea for a swing-tightening device for tightening parts with blocked threads is proposed. The parts can be tightened by one installation and continuous rotation. For example, a torque wrench can be used to accurately apply tightening torque to the blocked parts. 3) Each gear and housing has sufficient strength, precision, high transmission efficiency and small torque loss to ensure the accuracy and stability of the transmission torque; 4) The torque range that can be tightened depends on the torque wrench range and the material strength of the parts of the present invention; 5) Under the premise that the swing range is available, the bow joint 8 and the tightening head 7 can be changed to adapt to various situations, with a wide range of use and low cost; 6) The device composed of two three-dimensional cams with mirror image relationship in the upper and lower unfolded diagram can be used as a set to realize the tightening and loosening of parts conveniently and quickly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional model diagram of the assembly relationship of the present invention; Figure 2 is an assembly top view of the present invention; Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 DD section view; Figure 4 The present invention Figure 3 EE section view; Figure 5 The present invention Figure 3 HH sectional view; Figure 6 The neutral position diagram of the present invention; Figure 7 The tightening position diagram of the present invention; Figure 8 The return position diagram of the present invention; Fig. 9 Illustration of the three-dimensional model of the tightening head 7 of the present invention; Fig.10 Illustration of the three-dimensional model of the bow-shaped joint 8 of the present invention; Fig.11 Illustration of the three-dimensional model of the support plate 16 of the present invention; Fig.12 The cross-sectional view and three-dimensional model diagram of the outer shell 17 of the present invention; Fig.13 Illustration of a three-dimensional model of the central gear 10 of the present invention; Fig.14 Illustration of the three-dimensional model of the driving gear 14 of the present invention; Fig.15 A three-dimensional model diagram of the four-way adapter 19 of the present invention; Fig.16 Illustration of the three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional camshaft 23 of the present invention; Fig.17 The centerline development diagram of the right-handed thread tightening and left-handed thread loosening grooves of the three-dimensional camshaft 23 of the present invention; Fig.18 The centerline expansion diagram of the left-handed thread tightening and right-handed thread loosening grooves of the three-dimensional camshaft 23 of the present invention; Fig.19 Illustration of the three-dimensional model of the inner shell 9 of the present invention; Fig. 20 Illustration of a three-dimensional model of the spline sleeve 20 of the present invention; Among them: 4-bow torque head, 5-main body, 6-torque wrench, 9-inner housing, 10-center gear, 11-return transmission shaft a, 12-conversion gear d, 13-support ring, 14-driving gear, 15-steering gear, 16-support plate, 17-outer housing, 19-square adapter, 20-adapter sleeve, 21-upper cover, 22-elastic retaining ring, 23-three-dimensional camshaft, 24-tightening transmission shaft, 25-conversion gear a, 26-return transmission shaft b, 27-conversion gear b, 28-conversion gear c, 29-guide pin, 30-angle pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figure 1-8As shown, a tightening device for tightening obstructed threaded parts includes a bow-shaped torque head 4, a main body 5 and a torque wrench 6; the main body 5 includes: an inner shell 9, a central gear 10, a return transmission shaft a11, a conversion gear d12, a support ring 13, a driving gear 14, a steering gear 15, a support plate 16, an outer shell 17, a square adapter 19, an adapter sleeve 20, an upper cover 21, an elastic retaining ring 22, a three-dimensional camshaft 23, a tightening transmission shaft 24, a conversion gear a25, a return transmission shaft b26, a conversion gear b27, a conversion gear c28, a guide pin 29, and an angle pin 30; the outer shell 17 is a thin-walled cylindrical structure with a step hole in the middle, and the support plate 16 is installed at the step hole; as shown Fig.11 , 12 As shown, there are 4 holes on the bottom surface of the outer shell 17 and the support plate 16, which are aligned one by one, and the inner shell 9, the tightening transmission shaft 24, the return transmission shaft 26 and the return transmission shaft 11 are installed respectively; the conversion gear b27 and the conversion gear c28 are installed on the tightening transmission shaft 24; the conversion gear a25 is installed on the return transmission shaft 26; the conversion gear d12 and the steering gear a15 are installed on the return transmission shaft 11; it is ensured that the conversion gear d12 and the conversion gear c28 are meshed with the central gear 10 at the same time; the steering gear a15 is meshed with the conversion gear a25; when the inner shell 9 is in the lower position, it is ensured that the conversion gear b27 is meshed with the driving gear 14; when the inner shell 9 is in the upper position, it is ensured that the conversion gear a25 is meshed with the driving gear 14; when the inner shell 9 is in the middle position, the driving gear 14 is meshed with all The gear is disengaged; the lower end of the upper cover 21 is installed in the upper end hole of the outer shell 17; the three-dimensional camshaft 23 is installed in the center hole of the upper cover 21 and fixed with an elastic retaining ring 22; the adapter sleeve 20 is installed in the middle of the three-dimensional camshaft 23; the lower end of the square hole of the adapter sleeve 20 is connected to the driving gear 14, and the upper end is connected to the square adapter 19, the support ring 13 is installed in the hole of the inner shell 9, and falls on the step surface of the center gear 10, one end of the guide pin 29 is pressed into the hole of the inner shell 9, and the other end is in the groove of the three-dimensional camshaft 23, the angle pin 30 is pressed into the radial hole of the outer shell 17, and the inner end protrudes from the hole wall and probes into the axial groove of the inner shell 9, so that the inner shell 9 cannot rotate; the square head end of the bow-shaped torque head 4 is installed at the lower end of the inner shell 9 and locked, and the torque wrench 6 or an ordinary hexagonal wrench is installed at the upper end of the square adapter 19.

[0026] like Fig.19As shown, the inner housing 9 is a cylindrical thin-walled sleeve structure, with two sections of cylinders on the outside, the lower end of which cooperates with the bottom hole of the outer housing 17, and the upper end cooperates with the middle hole of the support plate 16. The upper end has a local protrusion and a mounting hole for mounting the guide pin 29; there is an axial rectangular groove on the cylindrical surface of the lower end; there are three sections of stepped holes in the middle; the center gear 10 is installed inside, and the lower end cylinder is installed in the center hole of the inner housing 9; the outer circle of the upper end of the center gear 10 is installed in the hole of the support ring 13; the driving gear 14 is installed in the inner housing 9 and falls on the end face of the support ring 13, the fourth section of the cylinder is installed in the hole of the support ring 13, and the first section of the square is installed in the square hole of the adapter sleeve 20.

[0027] The bow-shaped torque head 4 comprises: a tightening head 7, a bow-shaped joint 8; Fig. 9 As shown, the upper section of the tightening head 7 is a guide cylinder, the middle section is a hexagon with a guide chamfer, and the lower section is a shape that transmits torque to the tightened part; Fig.10 As shown, the overall structure of the bow joint 8 is bow-shaped, with a square structure on the upper section. When working, it is inserted into the square hole of the center gear 10. The middle section is "bow-shaped" to avoid interference. The lower section is a plum blossom hole and a round hole, which respectively cooperate with the hexagonal and guide cylinder of the tightening head 7. The hexagonal hole transmits torque, and the round hole cooperates with the guide cylinder of the tightening head 7 to achieve axial sliding positioning.

[0028] like Fig.16 As shown, the three-dimensional camshaft 23 hole is interference fit or bonded with the outer circle of the adapter sleeve 20, and there are two axial rectangular grooves on the hole wall; the outer circle is clearance fit with the upper cover 21, the clearance is less than 0.005mm, and there is an annular groove with a circular arc cross section on the outer circle for installing the elastic retaining ring 22; there is a circle of three-dimensional annular grooves on the outer circle, the grooves are clearance fit with the guide pin 29, the clearance is less than 0.03mm, and the groove wall is polished; the center line of the three-dimensional annular groove is divided into 6 sections, namely AB neutral section, BC descending section, CD tightening section, DE rising section, EF return section, FA downshift section; the lengths of the CD tightening section and the EF return section are equal; the angle corresponding to the BC descending section + CD tightening section or the EF return section + DE rising section must be smaller than the angle range of the tightening space. In principle, the CD tightening section and the EF return section are designed according to the maximum value to improve the tightening efficiency; One end of the guide pin 29 is pressed into the hole of the inner housing 9, and the other end is in the groove of the three-dimensional camshaft 23, with a gap of less than 0.03mm, driving the inner housing 9 to move up and down; when the rotation resistance is large, a rolling bearing is installed on the outer circle of the guide pin 29 to reduce friction; The three holes of the outer shell 17 respectively matched with the inner shell 9, the support ring 13 and the upper cover 21 have a coaxiality of 0.005 mm.

[0029] like Fig.13 As shown, the central gear 10 is divided into three sections: the middle is a gear, the upper and lower ends are cylindrical, and the lower end has a rectangular hole.

[0030] like Fig.14 As shown, the structure of the driving gear 14 is divided into four sections: the first section is square, the second section is cylindrical, the third section is gear, and the fourth section is cylindrical. The tooth grooves at both ends of the driving gear 14 have a 30-degree chamfer, and all edges should be rounded or chamfered to make the gear meshing smoother.

[0031] According to the screws 3 of different specifications and types, the tightening head 7 is replaced according to the specifications; according to the installation space and size, the bow joint 8 is replaced as required; according to different torque requirements, the wrench 6 is replaced, and the square adapter 19 is replaced at the same time; The support plate 16 and the outer shell 17 are interference fit, the interference is 0.005-0.01mm, and a disassembly hole is designed.

[0032] The central gear 10, the driving gear 14, and the three transmission shafts are respectively matched with the mounting holes of the support ring 13, the support plate 16, and the outer shell 17 by clearance, and the clearance is less than 0.005mm; when the overall torque loss of the main body 5 is greater than 1N.m, the fit at each location should be changed to a rolling bearing or a small friction coefficient connection pair;.

[0033] The inner shell 9 and the outer shell 17 are thin-walled parts, and high-strength materials must be selected to avoid deformation; like Fig. 20 As shown, the center of the adapter sleeve 20 is a square hole, which is clearance-matched with the driving gear 14 and the square adapter 19 respectively, and the clearance is less than 0.01mm; the driving gear 14 should have sufficient length to ensure that the meshing length is not less than 6mm when tightened; the outer circle of the adapter sleeve 20 is interference-fitted or bonded with the hole of the three-dimensional camshaft 23, and there are two axial rectangular protrusions on the cylinder.

[0034] like Fig.15 As shown, the lower section of the adapter 19 cooperates with the square hole of the adapter sleeve 20, and the upper section cooperates with the wrench 6. The adapter 19 can be replaced according to different interface specifications of the wrench 6.

[0035] The upper cover 21 is a stepped disc with a hole in the center. The center hole has a clearance fit with the outer circle of the three-dimensional camshaft 23, and the clearance is less than 0.005mm. There is an annular groove with an arc-shaped cross-section in the hole for installing the elastic retaining ring 22; the stepped outer circle has a clearance fit with the stepped hole of the outer shell 17, and the clearance is less than 0.01mm.

[0036] The angle pin 30 is press-fitted into the radial hole of the outer shell 17, with one inner end protruding out of the hole wall and entering the axial groove of the inner shell 9, so that the inner shell 9 cannot rotate; The conversion gear b27, the conversion gear c28, the conversion gear a25, and the conversion gear d12 have the same number of teeth, and all the gears have a wear-resistant layer.

[0037] like Fig.13 As shown, the teeth of the center gear 10 should be long enough to keep meshing with the conversion gear d12 and the conversion gear c28 in the neutral position, the tightening position and the return position; the lower end of the center gear 10 has a square hole that fits the bow joint 8 with a clearance and has magnetism to ensure that the center gear 10 drives the bow joint 8 to move up and down.

[0038] All the gear holes are interference fit with the transmission shaft, and when the torque is insufficient, a key connection is adopted.

[0039] After the tightening device is assembled, the square hole of the central gear 10 and the square adapter 19 have a coaxiality of no more than 0.05 mm.

[0040] A method for installing a tightening device for swinging and tightening threaded parts: install the product 2 on the base 1, put the screw 3 to be tightened and turn it right; install the tightening head 7 and the bow joint 8, so that the bow joint 8 is in the right-hand limit position; adjust the main body 5 to the neutral position, that is, the guide pin 29 is in the AB section of the three-dimensional camshaft 23 groove, so that the driving gear 14 is disengaged from all gears; connect the torque wrench 6, the main body 5, and the bow joint 8 in sequence; turn the torque wrench 6 clockwise, and the rotational torque is transmitted to the adapter sleeve 20 through the square adapter 19, and the adapter sleeve 20 drives the three-dimensional camshaft 23 and the driving gear 14 to rotate at the same time; when the guide pin 29 enters the BC section of the three-dimensional camshaft 23 groove, the guide pin 29 drives the inner housing 9 to move downward, and the driving gear 14 gradually meshes with the conversion gear 27; when the guide pin 29 enters the CD section of the three-dimensional camshaft 23 groove, it enters the tightening position, and the rotational torque is transmitted through the conversion gear b27, tightening the transmission shaft 2 4. On the conversion gear c28, the center gear 10, the bow joint 8, the tightening head 7, and the screw 3, rotate clockwise to tighten the screw 3; when the guide pin 29 enters the DE section of the three-dimensional camshaft 23 groove, the guide pin 29 drives the inner housing 9 to move upward, and the driving gear 14 gradually disengages from the conversion gear b27 and gradually engages with the conversion gear a25; the inner housing 9 drives the bow joint 8 to move upward at the same time, so that the bow joint 8 is disengaged from the middle hexagon of the tightening head 7, and cooperates with the upper guide cylinder, and the torque is not transmitted; when the guide pin 29 enters the EF section of the three-dimensional camshaft 23 groove, it enters the return position, and the rotational torque passes through the steering gear a25, the return transmission shaft b26, the steering gear 15, the return transmission shaft a11, the conversion gear d12, the center gear 10, and the bow joint 8, so that the bow joint 8 rotates counterclockwise back to the initial position; when the guide pin 29 enters the FA section of the three-dimensional camshaft 23 groove, it enters the neutral position, and a cycle ends.

[0041] When in use, hold the main body 5 with one hand and keep it still, and turn the wrench 6 with the other hand, and repeat the above cycle until the screw 3 is tightened; Calculation of the torque value: Before use, the torque value of the transmission system should be calibrated regularly as the torque loss, and its value should be less than 1N.m; the actual torque value of the screw when tightening is the torque wrench display value minus the torque loss; The device and the three-dimensional camshaft 23 annular groove are developed Fig.17 , which can realize both right-hand thread tightening and left-hand thread loosening; The three-dimensional camshaft 23 annular groove expansion diagram is mirrored downward, Fig.18 , the wrench rotation direction becomes counterclockwise. Looking from top to bottom, it can loosen right-hand threads and tighten left-hand threads.

Claims

1. A tightening device for tightening a threaded part, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bow-shaped torque head (4), a main body (5) and a torque wrench (6); the main body (5) comprises: an inner housing (9), a central gear (10), a return transmission shaft a (11), a conversion gear d (12), a support ring (13), a driving gear (14), a steering gear a (15), a support plate (16), an outer housing (17), a square adapter (19), an adapter sleeve (20), an upper cover (21), an elastic retaining ring (22), a three-dimensional camshaft (23), a tightening transmission shaft (24), a conversion gear a (25), a return transmission shaft b (26), a conversion gear b (27), a conversion gear c (28), a guide pin (29), an angular The outer shell (17) is a thin-walled cylindrical structure with a stepped hole in the middle, and a support plate (16) is installed at the stepped hole; there are four holes on the bottom surface of the outer shell (17) and the support plate (16), which are aligned one by one, and the inner shell (9), the tightening transmission shaft (24), the return transmission shaft b (26) and the return transmission shaft a (11) are installed respectively; the tightening transmission shaft (24) is installed with a conversion gear b (27) and a conversion gear c (28); the return transmission shaft b (26) is installed with a conversion gear a (25); the return transmission shaft a (11) is installed with a conversion gear d (12) and a steering gear a (15); ensure that the conversion gear d (12) and the steering gear The change gear c (28) is meshed with the central gear (10) at the same time; the steering gear a (15) is meshed with the change gear a (25); when the inner housing (9) is in the lower position, the change gear b (27) is meshed with the driving gear (14); when the inner housing (9) is in the upper position, the change gear a (25) is meshed with the driving gear (14); when the inner housing (9) is in the middle position, the driving gear (14) is disengaged from all gears; the lower end of the upper cover (21) is installed in the upper end hole of the outer housing (17); the three-dimensional camshaft (23) is installed in the center hole of the upper cover (21) and fixed with an elastic retaining ring (22); an adapter sleeve (20) is installed in the middle of the three-dimensional camshaft (23); the adapter sleeve The lower end of the square hole (20) is connected to the driving gear (14), and the upper end is connected to the square adapter (19). The support ring (13) is installed in the hole of the inner housing (9) and falls on the step surface of the central gear (10). One end of the guide pin (29) is pressed into the hole of the inner housing (9), and the other end is in the groove of the three-dimensional camshaft (23). The angular pin (30) is pressed into the radial hole of the outer housing (17), and one end on the inner side protrudes from the hole wall and probes into the axial groove of the inner housing (9), so that the inner housing (9) cannot rotate; the square head end of the bow-shaped torque head (4) is installed at the lower end of the inner housing (9) and locked, and the torque wrench (6) or an ordinary hexagonal wrench is installed at the upper end of the square adapter (19).

2. The tightening device for tightening a threaded part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner housing (9) is a cylindrical thin-walled sleeve structure, with two sections of cylinders on the outside, the lower end of which is matched with the bottom hole of the outer housing (17), and the upper end of which is matched with the middle hole of the support plate (16). The upper end has a local protrusion and a mounting hole for mounting a guide pin (29); an axial rectangular groove is provided on the cylindrical surface of the lower end; there are three stepped holes in the middle; the central gear (10) is installed inside, and the lower cylinder is installed in the central hole of the inner housing (9); the outer circle of the upper end of the central gear (10) is installed in the hole of the support ring (13); the driving gear (14) is installed in the inner housing (9) and falls on the end surface of the support ring (13); the fourth section of the cylinder is installed in the hole of the support ring (13), and the first section of the square is installed in the square hole of the adapter sleeve (20).

3. The tightening device for tightening a threaded part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bow-shaped torque head (4) comprises: a tightening head (7) and a bow-shaped joint (8); the upper section of the tightening head (7) is a guide cylinder, the middle section is a hexagonal structure with a guide chamfer, and the lower section is in a shape for transmitting torque to the tightened part; the bow-shaped joint (8) has an overall bow-shaped structure, the upper section is a square structure, inserted into the square hole of the central gear (10) during operation, the middle section is a "bow-shaped" structure to avoid interference, and the lower section is a plum blossom hole and a round hole, which respectively cooperate with the hexagonal and guide cylinder of the tightening head (7), the hexagonal structure transmits torque, and the round hole cooperates with the guide cylinder of the tightening head (7) to achieve axial sliding positioning.

4. The tightening device for tightening a threaded part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional camshaft (23) hole is interference-fitted or bonded with the outer circle of the adapter sleeve (20), and there are two axial rectangular grooves on the hole wall; the outer circle is clearance-fitted with the upper cover (21), the clearance is less than 0.005mm, and there is an annular groove with a circular arc cross section on the outer circle for installing the elastic retaining ring (22); there is a circle of three-dimensional annular groove on the outer circle, the groove is clearance-fitted with the guide pin (29), the clearance is less than 0.03mm, and the groove wall is polished; the center line of the three-dimensional annular groove is divided into 6 sections, namely AB neutral section, BC descending section, CD tightening section, DE ascending section, EF return section, and FA downshift section; the lengths of the CD tightening section and the EF return section are equal; the angle corresponding to the BC descending section + CD tightening section or the EF return section + DE ascending section must be smaller than the angle range of the tightening space.

5. The tightening device for tightening a threaded part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell (17) has three holes respectively matched with the inner shell (9), the support ring (13) and the upper cover (21), and the coaxiality is 0.005 mm.

6. The tightening device for tightening a threaded part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central gear (10) is structured in three sections: the middle section is a gear, the upper and lower ends are cylindrical, and the lower end has a rectangular hole.

7. The tightening device for tightening a threaded part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving gear (14) is structured in four sections: the first section is square, the second section is cylindrical, the third section is a gear, and the fourth section is cylindrical.

8. The tightening device for tightening a threaded part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support plate (16) and the outer shell (17) are interference fit, the interference amount is 0.005-0.01mm, and a disassembly hole is designed.

9. The tightening device for tightening a threaded part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central gear (10), the driving gear (14), and the three transmission shafts are respectively fitted with clearances of the mounting holes of the support ring (13), the support plate (16), and the outer shell (17), and the clearances are less than 0.005 mm.

10. The tightening device for tightening a threaded part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooth grooves at both ends of the driving gear (14) have a chamfer angle of 30 degrees.

11. The tightening device for tightening a threaded part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center of the adapter sleeve (20) is a square hole, which is clearance-matched with the driving gear (14) and the square adapter (19) respectively, and the clearance is less than 0.01mm; the outer circle of the adapter sleeve (20) is interference-fitted or bonded with the hole of the three-dimensional camshaft (23), and there are two axial rectangular protrusions on the cylinder.

12. The tightening device for tightening a threaded part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower section of the square adapter (19) cooperates with the square hole of the adapter sleeve (20), and the upper section cooperates with the torque wrench (6). The square adapter (19) can be replaced according to different interface specifications of the torque wrench (6).

13. The tightening device for tightening a threaded part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover (21) is a stepped disc with a hole at its center. The center hole is clearance-matched with the outer circle of the three-dimensional camshaft (23), and the clearance is less than 0.005 mm. There is an annular groove with a circular arc cross section in the hole for installing the elastic retaining ring (22); the outer circle of the step is clearance-matched with the step hole of the outer shell (17), and the clearance is less than 0.01 mm.

14. The tightening device for tightening a threaded part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conversion gear b (27), the conversion gear c (28), the conversion gear a (25) and the conversion gear d (12) have the same number of teeth, and all the gears have a wear-resistant layer.

15. The tightening device for tightening a threaded part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The teeth of the central gear (10) should be long enough to keep meshing with the conversion gear d (12) and the conversion gear c (28) in the neutral position, the tightening position and the return position; the lower end of the central gear (10) has a square hole that is clearance-matched with the bow joint (8) and has magnetism to ensure that the central gear (10) drives the bow joint (8) to move up and down.

16. The tightening device for tightening a threaded part according to claim 1, characterized in that: All the gear holes are interference fit with the transmission shaft, and when the torque is insufficient, a key connection is adopted.

17. The tightening device for tightening a threaded part according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the tightening device is assembled, the square hole of the central gear (10) and the square adapter (19) have a square coaxiality of no more than 0.05 mm.

18. The installation method of a tightening device for swing-tightening a threaded part according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that: Install the product (2) on the base (1), put the screws (3) to be tightened and turn them right; install the tightening head (7) and the bow joint (8), so that the bow joint (8) is in the right-hand limit position; adjust the main body (5) to the neutral position, that is, the guide pin (29) is in the AB section of the three-dimensional camshaft (23) groove, so that the driving gear (14) is disengaged from all gears; connect the torque wrench (6), the main body (5), and the bow joint 8 in sequence; turn the torque wrench (6) clockwise, and the rotational torque is transmitted to the adapter sleeve (20) through the square adapter (19), and the adapter sleeve (20) drives the three-dimensional camshaft (23) and the driving gear (14) to rotate at the same time; when the guide pin (29) enters the BC section of the three-dimensional camshaft (23) groove, the guide pin (29) drives the inner housing (9) to move downward, and the driving gear (14) gradually meshes with the conversion gear 27; When the guide pin (29) enters the CD section of the three-dimensional camshaft (23) groove, it enters the tightening position, and the rotational torque passes through the conversion gear b (27), the tightening transmission shaft (24), the conversion gear c (28), the central gear (10), the bow joint (8), the tightening head (7), and the screw (3), and the screw (3) is tightened by rotating clockwise; when the guide pin (29) enters the DE section of the three-dimensional camshaft (23) groove, the guide pin (29) drives the inner housing (9) to move upward, and the driving gear (14) gradually disengages from the conversion gear b (27) and gradually meshes with the conversion gear a (25); the inner housing (9) drives the bow joint ( 8) and move upward at the same time, so that the bow joint (8) is disengaged from the middle hexagon of the tightening head (7) and cooperates with the upper guide cylinder, and the torque is not transmitted; when the guide pin (29) enters the EF section of the three-dimensional camshaft (23) groove, it enters the return position, and the rotational torque passes through the conversion gear a (25), the return transmission shaft b (26), the steering gear (15), the return transmission shaft a (11), the conversion gear d (12), the center gear (10), and the bow joint (8), so that the bow joint (8) rotates counterclockwise back to the initial position; when the guide pin (29) enters the FA section of the three-dimensional camshaft (23) groove, it enters the neutral position, and a cycle ends.

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