Waste battery recycling process and system thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a waste battery recycling process and a system thereof, and particularly relates to the technical field of battery recycling. Leaching an electrode material of the waste nickel-metal hydride battery; collecting rare earth elements; precipitating and separating ferro-aluminum; recovering zinc and manganese; recovering the cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide; the system comprises a battery disassembling and screening device, a magnetic separator, a filter press and a reaction kettle, and the filter press comprises a plurality of filter pressing assemblies and is used for filtering liquid; according to the device, a plurality of areas of the filter cloth can be twisted to be in a wrinkled state firstly, then the adjacent positions of the wrinkles are knocked by the adjacent vibration plates, the wrinkled state and the stretched state are switched while the multiple areas of the filter cloth vibrate, the shaking effect of the filter cloth can be enhanced in the switching process, solid particles are separated from the filter cloth more thoroughly, and the filter cloth can be separated more thoroughly. And the recycling rate of the waste battery pack is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery recycling, and more specifically, to a waste battery recycling and reuse process and a system thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, new energy vehicles have developed rapidly. Due to the excellent properties of nickel-hydrogen batteries, hybrid battery vehicles use nickel-hydrogen batteries as their main power. Nickel-hydrogen batteries are mainly composed of positive and negative active materials, diaphragms, adhesives, electrolytes, positive and negative current collectors, safety valves, sealing rings, outer shells, top covers, etc. Nickel-hydrogen batteries usually contain a large amount of high-value metal elements such as nickel, cobalt and rare earth elements, and do not contain heavy polluting metals such as cadmium and lead. They have high recycling value and adopt appropriate methods to achieve the recycling of battery materials. This method can not only effectively solve environmental problems, but also alleviate the pressure of shortage of some non-ferrous metal resources.

[0003] In the process of recycling nickel-hydrogen batteries, it is necessary to dissolve and filter multiple times to obtain rare earth hydroxides and cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide. The above processes all involve solid-liquid separation operations. A filter press is required for filtration. Although the existing filter press can achieve solid and liquid separation, the rare earth hydroxide and cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide required after separation are in the form of powder. A part of the rare earth hydroxide and cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide will remain on the filter cloth of the filter press in the form of small solid particles. Since there is residual moisture on the filter cloth, it will adsorb small solid particles of rare earth hydroxide and cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide, resulting in a low collection rate of rare earth hydroxide and cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide, thereby causing a waste of valuable metal resources. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a waste battery recycling process and a system thereof to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a waste battery recycling and reuse system, comprising a battery disassembly and screening device, a magnetic separator, a filter press and a reactor, wherein the filter press comprises a plurality of filter press assemblies for filtering liquids, a gas delivery assembly is provided at the front end of the filter press, and the gas delivery assembly can deliver gas into the filter press assembly, and a drive assembly is provided on the right side of the filter press, and the drive assembly can drive the filter press assembly to move; The filter press assembly includes a filter press plate with a hollow interior, a filter cloth is provided on the side wall of the filter press plate, an active box is provided in the filter press plate, the right end of the active box is connected to an exhaust pipe that passes through the filter press plate, a solenoid valve is provided in the left side of the filter press plate, the right end of the solenoid valve is connected to the active box via an air intake pipe, the upper end of the solenoid valve is connected to the interior of the filter press plate via a vertical pipe, the left end of the solenoid valve is connected to a connecting pipe that passes through the filter press plate, and the solenoid valve can control the connecting pipe to be connected to the vertical pipe or the air intake pipe respectively.

[0006] Preferably, the gas delivery assembly includes a gas pipeline in left and right directions, an air intake pump is provided on the left side of the gas pipeline, an exhaust pump is provided on the right side of the gas pipeline, and the gas pipeline is connected to the connecting pipe.

[0007] Preferably, a swivel is rotatably connected inside the active box, and a plurality of swing rods are fixedly connected to the swivel. When the intake pipe takes in air, the plurality of swing rods can rotate counterclockwise. A plurality of groups of wedge blocks are slidably connected to the inner wall of the active box, and each group of the wedge blocks are symmetrically arranged. The opposite ends of each group of the wedge blocks are inclined surfaces, and the inclined surfaces of each group of the wedge blocks are V-shaped. The swing rods can contact the inclined surfaces of the wedge blocks.

[0008] Preferably, one end of each group of wedge blocks away from the active box is fixedly connected to a T-shaped movable plate, the movable plate is provided with a first spring located between its step surface and the side wall of the active box, and the end of the movable plate away from the active box is connected to a pre-load plate via a second spring.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of groups of slide columns are slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter press plate, each group of the slide columns are symmetrically arranged, one end of each of the slide columns away from the active box passes through the filter press plate and is provided with a vibration plate, each of the slide columns is slidably connected to a guide ring via a spline, and each of the slide columns is provided with a third spring located between the corresponding guide ring and the filter press plate.

[0010] Preferably, a guide groove is provided on the guide ring, and the guide groove consists of an oblique groove on the left front and right rear and a straight groove in the front and rear directions. An L-shaped guide column is provided at the end of the movable plate away from the active box, and the guide column can be inserted into the guide groove, and the guide column can move unidirectionally in the guide groove.

[0011] Preferably, a circular groove with an upward opening located at the connection point between the straight groove and the inclined groove is provided on the guide ring, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the circular groove via a torsion spring, a limiting plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft, and a fixing plate located to the right of the limiting plate is provided at the upper end of the rotating ring.

[0012] Preferably, an arc block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter press plate, a connecting block is slidably connected to the arc block, and the upper end of the connecting block is fixedly connected to the guide ring. Preferably, a stopper located on the left side of the guide ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter press plate, and the lower end of the stopper is connected to the left end of the arc block via an arc spring.

[0013] The present invention also provides a waste battery recycling process, comprising the following steps: S1. Battery disassembly: Use the battery disassembly and screening device to disassemble and pre-process the nickel-metal hydride battery; S2. Leaching the electrode material of the waste nickel-hydrogen battery: stirring the electrode material powder with a sulfuric acid solution, and separating the residual nickel foam powder in the slurry with a magnetic separator; S3. Collection of rare earth elements: adding sodium hydroxide solution and stirring after leaching residue to obtain rare earth hydroxide and sodium sulfate solution, and using a filter press to separate the solid and liquid to obtain rare earth hydroxide; S4. Aluminum and iron precipitation separation: remove aluminum and iron from the electrode material leachate by hydrolysis precipitation, and use a centrifuge to separate and recover aluminum and iron precipitates; S5. Recovery of zinc and manganese: fractionation and extraction of zinc and manganese ions in the reactor, the sediment contains manganese sulfate and zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate is precipitated by high temperature and pressure, the remaining aqueous solution is distilled to recover water, and the sediment is zinc sulfate; S6. Recovering cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide: adding sodium hydroxide solution to the solution after the zinc ions and manganese ions are removed, and using a filter press to obtain a precipitated cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide.

[0014] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention: 1. The reaction process of the present invention realizes the recovery of all valuable metal elements and the recycling of other useful materials. The product can be sold as an industrial raw material and has a high economic value. The concentration of acid and alkali in the whole process is low, the equipment anti-corrosion requirements are low, the application area is wide, and the operability is strong.

[0015] 2. The present invention improves the filter press assembly. After the filter press completes solid-liquid separation, gas is used to rotate multiple swing rods inside the filter assembly, thereby driving multiple wedge blocks to move toward the filter cloth. The wedge blocks drive multiple sliding columns to drive multiple vibration plates to knock on the filter cloth, thereby shaking off the solid powder remaining on the filter cloth. The rotation of multiple swing rods can enable the vibration plates to knock on the filter cloth in turn in a counterclockwise direction from each area, thereby facilitating the collection of the solid powder remaining on the filter cloth.

[0016] 3. The present invention uses a movable plate, a first spring, a second spring, a pre-load plate, a guide column, and a guide ring in coordination. A plurality of vibration plates distributed in a row knock the filter cloth in a counterclockwise direction in turn. On this basis, after the vibration plate finishes knocking, the vibration plate causes the filter cloth in the action area to wrinkle, and then the vibration plate is recovered. Subsequently, a plurality of vibration plates adjacent to the vibration plate knock the filter cloth, so that the wrinkled filter cloth changes into a stretched state due to the wrinkled state under the action of the knocking force. As the plurality of swing rods rotate, a plurality of areas of the filter cloth are first twisted into a wrinkled state, and then the vibration plates adjacent to the vibration plate knock the adjacent positions of the wrinkles, so that a plurality of areas of the filter cloth vibrate and further switch between the wrinkled and stretched states. The switching process can enhance the shaking effect of the filter cloth, separate the solid particles from the filter cloth more thoroughly, and improve the recycling rate of waste battery packs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the filter press assembly of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a cutaway front axonometric view of the filter press assembly of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter plate and the vibration plate in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a partially cutaway top view axonometric view of the filter press assembly of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A is an enlarged view of the middle image.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wedge block and the guide column of the present invention.

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide ring and the arc block of the present invention.

[0026] Fig.10 For the present invention Fig. 9 Enlarged view of B.

[0027] Fig.11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the guide ring and the guide groove of the present invention.

[0028] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. battery disassembly and screening device; 2. magnetic separator; 3. reactor; 4. centrifuge; 5. filter press; 6. filter press assembly; 61. filter press plate; 62. filter cloth; 63. active box; 64. exhaust pipe; 65. solenoid valve; 66. air inlet pipe; 67. vertical pipe; 68. connecting pipe; 69. swivel; 610. swing rod; 611. wedge block; 612. moving plate; 613. first spring; 614. second spring; 615. pre-load Plate; 616, sliding column; 617, vibration plate; 618, guide ring; 619, inclined groove; 620, straight groove; 621, guide column; 622, torsion spring; 623, rotating shaft; 624, limit plate; 625, fixed plate; 626, arc block; 627, connecting block; 628, stopper; 629, arc spring; 630, third spring; 7, gas delivery assembly; 71, gas pipeline; 72, intake pump; 73, exhaust pump; 8, drive assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Embodiment 1 In the process of recycling nickel-hydrogen batteries, it is necessary to dissolve and filter multiple times to obtain rare earth hydroxides and cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide. The above recycling processes all involve solid-liquid separation operations. A filter press is required for filtration. Although the existing filter press can achieve solid and liquid separation, the rare earth hydroxide and cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide required after separation are in the form of powder. A part of the rare earth hydroxide and cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide will remain on the filter cloth of the filter press in the form of small solid particles. Since there is residual moisture on the filter cloth, the small solid particles of rare earth hydroxide and cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide will be adsorbed, resulting in a low collection rate of rare earth hydroxide and cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide, thereby causing a waste of valuable metal resources.

[0031] like Figure 2-Figure 7 As shown, in order to solve the above problems, this embodiment provides a waste battery recycling and reuse system for solid-liquid separation to obtain metal oxide precipitation, including a battery disassembly and screening device 1 for disassembling batteries; a magnetic separator 2 for screening out foam nickel powder; a filter press 5 for solid-liquid separation; a centrifuge 4 for recovering aluminum iron precipitation; and a reactor 3 for solution reaction. The filter press 5 is particularly important in this embodiment.

[0032] The filter press 5 includes multiple filter press assemblies 6 for filtering liquid. A gas delivery assembly 7 is provided at the front end of the filter press 5, and the gas delivery assembly 7 can deliver gas into the filter press assembly 6. A drive assembly 8 is provided on the right side of the filter press 5, and the drive assembly 8 can drive the filter press assembly 6 to move.

[0033] The filter press assembly 6 includes a filter press plate 61 which is hollow inside, a filter cloth 62 is provided on the side wall of the filter press plate 61, an active box 63 is provided inside the filter press plate 61, the right end of the active box 63 is connected to an exhaust pipe 64 which passes through the filter press plate 61, a solenoid valve 65 is provided on the left side inside the filter press plate 61, the right end of the solenoid valve 65 is connected to the active box 63 via an air intake pipe 66, the upper end of the solenoid valve 65 is connected to the inside of the filter press plate 61 via a vertical pipe 67, the left end of the solenoid valve 65 is connected to a connecting pipe 68 which passes through the filter press plate 61, and the solenoid valve 65 can control the connecting pipe 68 to be connected to the vertical pipe 67 or the air intake pipe 66 respectively.

[0034] The gas delivery assembly 7 includes a gas pipeline 71 in the left and right directions. An air intake pump 72 is provided on the left side of the gas pipeline 71 , and an exhaust pump 73 is provided on the right side of the gas pipeline 71 . The upper end of the gas pipeline 71 is connected to the connecting pipe 68 .

[0035] A rotating ring 69 is rotatably connected in the active box 63, and a plurality of swinging rods 610 are fixedly connected to the rotating ring 69. When the air intake pipe 66 takes in air, the plurality of swinging rods 610 can rotate counterclockwise. A plurality of groups of wedge blocks 611 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the active box 63. Each group of wedge blocks 611 is symmetrically arranged, and the opposite ends of each group of wedge blocks 611 are inclined surfaces. The inclined surfaces of each group of wedge blocks 611 are distributed in a V shape, that is, Figure 8 As shown, the swing rod 610 can contact the inclined surface of the wedge block 611.

[0036] A plurality of sliding posts 616 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter press plate 61 . One end of the sliding post 616 away from the active box 63 penetrates through the filter press plate 61 and is provided with a vibration plate 617 .

[0037] When in use, the driving assembly 8 is turned on, so that the driving assembly 8 pushes the filter press assembly 6 to move, so that a filter chamber is formed between the multiple filter press assemblies 6, and the solution that needs to be separated into solid and liquid in the above embodiment is introduced. After the liquid is discharged, the solid particles remain on the filter cloth 62 of the filter press plate 61. At this time, the air intake pump 72 is turned on, and the gas in the gas pipeline 71 is transported to the solenoid valve 65 in the filter press plate 61 through the connecting pipe 68. The solenoid valve 65 is controlled to connect the connecting pipe 68 with the vertical pipe 67. The gas gradually enters the filter press plate 61 through the vertical pipe 67, so that the side wall of the filter press plate 61 is deformed after inflation, and the side wall of the filter press plate 61 bulges outward. The side walls of every two adjacent filter press plates 61 move relative to each other, and the filter press plate 61 drives the filter cloth 62 to move relative to each other. The filter cloth 62 drives the solid particles to move relative to each other and squeeze each other, squeezing out the residual liquid in the solid. Then the air intake pump 72 is turned off, and the exhaust pump 73 is turned on to extract the gas in the cavity of the filter press plate 61 to restore the filter press plate 61.

[0038] Then the solenoid valve 65 is controlled to connect the connecting pipe 68 with the air inlet pipe 66, and the air inlet pump 72 is turned on. The gas enters the air inlet pipe 66 through the gas pipeline 71 and the solenoid valve 65. The air inlet pipe 66 starts to blow air into the active box 63. The gas pushes the swing rod 610 to rotate. At the same time, the gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 64. The gas blows the swing rod 610 on the lower side to rotate counterclockwise. The swing rod 610 on the lower side drives the other swing rods 610 to rotate through the swivel 69, so that the swing rods 610 adjacent to it rotate counterclockwise. 0 rotates to the exhaust pipe 64, and the gas blows the adjacent swing rod 610 to swing. As the exhaust pipe 64 continues to blow air, the swing rod 610 drives the rotating ring 69 to rotate continuously counterclockwise, and the rotating ring 69 drives multiple swing rods 610 to rotate counterclockwise. When the swing rod 610 rotates to the position of the wedge block 611, it pushes a row of wedge blocks 611 to move, so that each group of wedge blocks 611 moves away from each other, so that the wedge blocks 611 move toward the direction of the filter cloth 62, and the wedge blocks 61 1 drives the moving plate 612 to move toward the filter cloth 62 and stretches the first spring 613. The moving plate 612 drives the pre-pressing plate 615 to move toward the filter cloth 62 through the second spring 614. The pre-pressing plate 615 pushes the sliding column 616 and the guide ring 618 to move toward the filter cloth 62 and stretches the third spring 630. The sliding column 616 drives the vibration plate 617 to contact the filter cloth 62. The multiple vibration plates 617 move toward the filter cloth 62. The vibration plates 617 contact the filter cloth 62 to vibrate the filter cloth 62. A part of the solid particles on the filter cloth 62 are shaken off by the vibration and separated from the filter cloth 62. As the multiple swing rods 610 rotate counterclockwise, the multiple rows of vibration plates 617 knock the filter cloth 62 in turn in the counterclockwise direction, so that the solid particles at various positions of the filter cloth 62 are shaken off. Moreover, this vibration mode is performed from the inside to the outside at multiple positions, and the filter cloth 62 is vibrated in the front-back direction, so that the solid particles are gradually separated from the filter cloth 62, so as to facilitate the collection of the solid particles.

[0039] Embodiment 2 On the basis of the first embodiment, in order to further improve the separation effect of the solid powder and the filter cloth 62, realize the rapid collection and use of high-value metals, and improve the recycling rate of batteries, the vibration plate 617 is further improved in this embodiment.

[0040] like Figure 8-Figure 11 As shown, one end of each set of wedge blocks 611 away from the active box 63 is fixedly connected to a T-shaped moving plate 612, and a first spring 613 is mounted on the moving plate 612 between its stepped surface and the side wall of the active box 63. The end of the moving plate 612 away from the active box 63 is connected to a pre-load plate 615 via a second spring 614.

[0041] One end of the sliding column 616 away from the active box 63 passes through the filter press plate 61 and is provided with a vibration plate 617. Each sliding column 616 is connected to a guide ring 618 through a spline sliding connection. Each sliding column 616 is provided with a third spring 630 located between the corresponding guide ring 618 and the filter press plate 61.

[0042] A guide groove is provided on the guide ring 618, and the guide groove consists of an inclined groove 619 on the left front and right rear and a straight groove 620 in the front and rear directions. An L-shaped guide column 621 is provided at the end of the movable plate 612 away from the active box 63, and the guide column 621 can be inserted into the guide groove, and the guide column 621 can move unidirectionally in the guide groove.

[0043] A circular groove with an upward opening located at the connection point of the straight groove 620 and the inclined groove 619 is provided on the guide ring 618. A rotating shaft 623 is rotatably connected in the circular groove via a torsion spring 622. The upper end of the rotating shaft 623 is fixedly connected to a limiting plate 624. A fixing plate 625 located to the right of the limiting plate 624 is provided at the upper end of the rotating ring 69.

[0044] An arc block 626 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter press plate 61, a connecting block 627 is slidably connected to the arc block 626, the upper end of the connecting block 627 is fixedly connected to the guide ring 618, a stopper 628 located on the left side of the guide ring 618 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter press plate 61, and the lower end of the stopper 628 is connected to the left end of the arc block 626 via an arc spring 629.

[0045] On the basis of the above-mentioned second embodiment, the elastic force of the second spring 614 is much greater than the elastic force of the third spring 630, and the wedge block 611, the sliding column 616 and the vibration plate 617 are provided in plurality, each sliding column 616 corresponds to a wedge block 611 and a vibration plate 617, and the plurality of vibration plates 617 are symmetrically arranged front and back, and the vibration plates 617 are evenly distributed on the surface of the filter press plate 61 along the circumferential direction. When the pre-pressing plate 615 pushes the sliding column 616 to move toward the filter cloth 62, the sliding column 616 drives the guide ring 618 to move toward the filter cloth 62. When the guide ring 618 contacts the inner wall of the filter press plate 61, the pre-pressing plate 615 stops moving, but the moving plate 612 continues to move toward the filter cloth 62. This process compresses the second spring 614, and the moving plate 61 2 continues to move toward the filter cloth 62 relative to the pre-pressing plate 615, and the movable plate 612 also moves toward the filter cloth 62 relative to the guide ring 618, and the movable plate 612 drives the guide column 621 to insert into the inclined groove 619 in the guide ring 618. As the guide column 621 moves toward the filter cloth 62 in the inclined groove 619, the guide ring 618 rotates clockwise, and the guide ring 618 drives the arc block 626 to move clockwise through the connecting block 627 and compresses the arc spring 629. The guide ring 618 drives the sliding column 616 to rotate clockwise through the spline. At this time, the sliding column 616 moves toward the filter cloth 62 to the limit position, that is, at this time, the sliding column 616 drives the vibration plate 617 to move toward the filter cloth 62 to the limit position, and the vibration plate 617 is fully in contact with the filter cloth 62. After the vibration plate 617 is in full contact with the filter cloth 62, it rotates clockwise. Under the action of the vibration plate 617, the filter cloth 62 in the area is wrinkled. When the swing rod 610 is out of contact with the wedge block 611, under the reset action of the first spring 613, the movable plate 612 drives the wedge block 611 to move toward the active box 63, so that each group of two opposite wedge blocks 611 move relative to each other to a position where they can contact each other. The movable plate 612 drives the guide column 621 to move toward the active box 63 in the straight groove 620 in the guide groove. During this process, the guide ring 618 does not rotate, that is, the sliding column 616 and the vibration plate 617 do not rotate when moving toward the active box 63. When the guide column 621 moves to the extreme position toward the active box 63 , the guide column 621 moves out of the straight groove 620, and the arc block 626 swings counterclockwise to the limit position under the reset action of the arc spring 629. The arc block 626 drives the guide ring 618 to rotate counterclockwise to the initial position through the connecting block 627. The guide ring 618 drives the vibration plate 617 to rotate to the initial position through the sliding column 616. The pre-load plate 615 moves to the initial position toward the active box 63 along with the moving plate 612. The second spring 614 is reset. Since the elastic force of the second spring 614 is much greater than the elastic force of the third spring 630, when the second spring 614 is reset, the guide ring 618 moves to the limit position toward the active box 63 under the action of the third spring 630, and the guide ring 618 is always in contact with the pre-load plate 615 during the movement.The guide ring 618 drives the sliding column 616 and the vibration plate 617 to move toward the active box 63 to the limit position, that is, the vibration plate 617 is received in the filter press plate 61.

[0046] In the above process, when the guide column 621 slides from the inclined groove 619 to the straight groove 620 in the guide groove, the guide column 621 pushes the limit plate 624 to swing to the left, and the limit plate 624 drives the rotating shaft 623 to rotate and stretch the torsion spring 622. When the limit plate 624 no longer blocks the guide column 621, the rotating shaft 623 drives the limit plate 624 to swing to the right to the initial position under the action of the torsion spring 622. At this time, the guide column 621 is located on the left side of the limit plate 624. When the guide column 621 moves toward the active box 63 relative to the straight groove 620, the fixed plate 625 is in contact with the limit plate 624 at this time, and the limit plate 624 has swung to the right to the extreme position at this time, so that when the guide column 621 moves toward the moving box, it can only slide in the straight groove 620, which can prevent the vibration plate 617 from rotating when it is recovered.

[0047] It can be seen from the above embodiment that multiple vibration plates 617 distributed in a row knock the filter cloth 62 in turn in the counterclockwise direction. On this basis, when the vibration plate 617 finishes knocking, the vibration plate 617 makes the filter cloth 62 in the action area wrinkled, and then the vibration plate 617 is recovered, and then the multiple vibration plates 617 adjacent to it knock on the filter cloth 62, so that the wrinkled filter cloth 62 is flattened due to the knocking, and the filter cloth 62 is changed from wrinkled to stretched state. As the multiple swing rods 610 rotate, multiple areas of the filter cloth 62 are first twisted into a wrinkled state, and then the vibration plates 617 adjacent to it knock the adjacent positions of the wrinkles, so that multiple areas of the filter cloth 62 vibrate and further switch between wrinkled and stretched states. The switching process can enhance the shaking effect of the filter cloth 62, so that the solid particles are separated from the filter cloth 62 more thoroughly, and the vibration operation of the filter cloth 62 can be terminated by turning off the air intake pump 72.

[0048] Embodiment 3 This embodiment provides a waste battery recycling process, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: S1. Battery disassembly: disassemble and preprocess the nickel-metal hydride battery using a battery disassembly and screening device 1; S2. Leaching waste nickel-metal hydride battery electrode material: stirring the electrode material powder with a sulfuric acid solution, and separating the residual nickel foam powder in the slurry using a magnetic separator 2; S3. Rare earth element collection: adding sodium hydroxide solution and stirring after leaching the residue to obtain rare earth hydroxides and sodium sulfate solution, and using a filter press 5 to obtain rare earth hydroxides after solid-liquid separation; S4. Aluminum-iron precipitation separation: aluminum and iron in the electrode material leachate are removed by hydrolysis precipitation, and the aluminum-iron precipitate is separated and recovered by centrifuge 4; S5. Recovery of zinc and manganese: In the reactor 3, the fractional extraction and separation of zinc and manganese ions is carried out, and the sediment contains manganese sulfate and zinc sulfate. When the sediment accumulates to a certain amount, manganese sulfate is precipitated by high temperature and pressure, and the remaining aqueous solution is distilled to recover water, and the sediment is zinc sulfate; S6. Recovering the cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide: adding a sodium hydroxide solution to the solution after the zinc ions and manganese ions are removed, and using a filter press 5 to obtain a precipitated cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide.

[0049] This embodiment realizes the full element recovery of valuable metals and the recycling of other useful materials. The product can be sold as an industrial raw material and has a high economic value. The concentration of acid and alkali in the whole process is low, the equipment corrosion protection requirements are low, the application area is wide, and the operability is strong.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste battery recycling and reuse system, comprising a battery disassembly and screening device (1), a magnetic separator (2), a filter press (5) and a reaction kettle (3), characterized in that: The filter press (5) comprises a plurality of filter press assemblies (6) for filtering liquids. A gas delivery assembly (7) is provided at the front end of the filter press (5), and the gas delivery assembly (7) is capable of delivering gas into the filter press assembly (6). A drive assembly (8) is provided at the right side of the filter press (5), and the drive assembly (8) is capable of driving the filter press assembly (6) to move. The filter press assembly (6) comprises a filter press plate (61) having a hollow interior, a filter cloth (62) being provided on a side wall of the filter press plate (61), an active box (63) being provided in the filter press plate (61), a right end of the active box (63) being connected to an exhaust pipe (64) penetrating the filter press plate (61), a solenoid valve (65) being provided in the left side of the filter press plate (61), a right end of the solenoid valve (65) being connected to the active box (63) via an air intake pipe (66), an upper end of the solenoid valve (65) being connected to the interior of the filter press plate (61) via a vertical pipe (67), a left end of the solenoid valve (65) being connected to a connecting pipe (68) penetrating the filter press plate (61), and the solenoid valve (65) being capable of controlling the connecting pipe (68) to be connected to the vertical pipe (67) or the air intake pipe (66).

2. The waste battery recycling system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gas delivery assembly (7) comprises a gas pipeline (71) in the left and right directions. An air intake pump (72) is provided on the left side of the gas pipeline (71), and an air exhaust pump (73) is provided on the right side of the gas pipeline (71). The gas pipeline (71) is in communication with the connecting pipe (68).

3. The waste battery recycling system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A rotating ring (69) is rotatably connected inside the active box (63), and a plurality of swinging rods (610) are fixedly connected to the rotating ring (69). When the air intake pipe (66) takes in air, the plurality of swinging rods (610) can rotate counterclockwise. A plurality of groups of wedge blocks (611) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the active box (63), and each group of the wedge blocks (611) is symmetrically arranged. The opposite ends of each group of the wedge blocks (611) are inclined surfaces, and the inclined surfaces of each group of the wedge blocks (611) are distributed in a V shape. The swinging rods (610) can contact the inclined surfaces of the wedge blocks (611).

4. The waste battery recycling system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: One end of each group of wedge blocks (611) away from the active box (63) is fixedly connected to a T-shaped moving plate (612), and a first spring (613) is sleeved on the moving plate (612) and located between its stepped surface and the side wall of the active box (63). One end of the moving plate (612) away from the active box (63) is connected to a pre-compression plate (615) via a second spring (614).

5. The waste battery recycling system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A plurality of groups of slide columns (616) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter press plate (61), and each group of the slide columns (616) are symmetrically arranged. One end of each of the slide columns (616) away from the active box (63) passes through the filter press plate (61) and is provided with a vibration plate (617). Each of the slide columns (616) is slidably connected to a guide ring (618) via a spline. Each of the slide columns (616) is provided with a third spring (630) located between the corresponding guide ring (618) and the filter press plate (61).

6. The waste battery recycling system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The guide ring (618) is provided with a guide groove, which is composed of an inclined groove (619) at the left front and right rear and a straight groove (620) in the front-to-back direction. An L-shaped guide column (621) is provided at one end of the movable plate (612) away from the active box (63). The guide column (621) can be inserted into the guide groove, and the guide column (621) can move unidirectionally in the guide groove.

7. The waste battery recycling system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The guide ring (618) is provided with a circular groove with an opening facing upward and located at the connection point between the straight groove (620) and the inclined groove (619). A rotating shaft (623) is rotatably connected in the circular groove via a torsion spring (622). The upper end of the rotating shaft (623) is fixedly connected to a limiting plate (624). The upper end of the rotating ring (69) is provided with a fixing plate (625) located to the right of the limiting plate (624).

8. The waste battery recycling system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: An arc-shaped block (626) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter press plate (61), a connecting block (627) is slidably connected to the arc-shaped block (626), and the upper end of the connecting block (627) is fixedly connected to the guide ring (618).

9. The waste battery recycling system according to claim 8, characterized in that: A stopper (628) located on the left side of the guide ring (618) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter press plate (61), and the lower end of the stopper (628) is connected to the left end of the arc block (626) via an arc spring (629).

10. A process for recycling and reusing waste batteries, wherein the process utilizes the system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 to recycle waste batteries, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Battery disassembly: using a battery disassembly and screening device (1) to disassemble and pre-process the nickel-metal hydride battery; S2. Leaching the electrode material of the waste nickel-metal hydride battery: stirring the electrode material powder with a sulfuric acid solution, and separating the residual nickel foam powder in the slurry using a magnetic separator (2); S3. Collection of rare earth elements: adding sodium hydroxide solution and leaching residue and stirring to obtain rare earth hydroxide and sodium sulfate solution, and using a filter press (5) to separate the solid and liquid to obtain rare earth hydroxide; S4. Aluminum-iron precipitation separation: removing aluminum and iron from the electrode material leachate by hydrolysis precipitation, and using a centrifuge (4) to separate and recover aluminum-iron precipitates; S5. Recovery of zinc and manganese: In the reactor (3), zinc and manganese ions are separated by fractional distillation and extraction. The sediment contains manganese sulfate and zinc sulfate. Manganese sulfate is precipitated by high temperature and pressure. The remaining aqueous solution is distilled to recover water. The sediment is zinc sulfate; S6. Recovering the cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide: adding a sodium hydroxide solution to the solution after the zinc ions and manganese ions are removed, and using a filter press (5) to obtain a precipitated cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide.

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