Wireless lightning arrester on-line monitor with low power consumption and cooperative power supply and method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a wireless lightning arrester on-line monitor with low power consumption and cooperative power supply and a method of the wireless lightning arrester on-line monitor, and belongs to the technical field of insulation on-line monitoring of power equipment of a power system. Comprising a leakage current energy taking unit, a solar cell energy taking unit, a leakage current signal conditioning and collecting unit, a lightning stroke counting signal conditioning and collecting unit, a power management unit, a low-power-consumption microprocessor MCU unit and a mobile communication unit. The lightning arrester insulation on-line monitoring system collects and calculates the leakage current and the number of lightning strokes of the lightning arrester, sends the leakage current and the number of lightning strokes to the liquid crystal module for display, remotely transmits data through the mobile communication unit Lora or WAPI, and carries out on-line monitoring on the wireless lightning arrester with micro-watt-level power consumption through cooperative power supply between the leakage current and the solar cell, so that the practicability and reliability of insulation on-line monitoring on the lightning arrester are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of online monitoring of insulation of power equipment in a power system, and in particular relates to an online monitor for a wireless lightning arrester with low power consumption and coordinated power supply and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Metal oxide surge arresters are widely used in power systems due to their superior protection performance. The health of metal oxide surge arresters is critical to the stable operation of power systems.

[0003] At present, arrester monitors are usually used to monitor the total current and number of lightning strikes of the arrester, and the health status of the arrester is judged by manually checking the meter readings on site, which has poor real-time performance and a large workload. There are also some ways to modify the arrester monitor, add power supply and remote communication modules, and upload the total current and number of lightning strikes to the control room for real-time online viewing. This method requires the laying of communication lines and power lines, which increases the complexity of implementation and reduces the practicality of the online monitor.

[0004] Under the constraints of the "dual carbon" goal, reshaping the energy system is the only way to achieve carbon emission reduction, and its core lies in the large-scale and high-proportion development and utilization of non-fossil energy. The realization of the latter requires the promotion of energy system electrification and power system low-carbonization, and the construction of a new power system with new energy as the main body, which puts forward higher requirements for digitalization and intelligence. Under this background, lightning arrester monitors are required to have more convenient access, higher reliability, lower power consumption, more green and environmental protection, and better data sharing. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a low-power and collaboratively powered wireless lightning arrester online monitor and method thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a low-power and collaboratively powered wireless lightning arrester online monitor, which is configured on a lightning arrester grounding wire connected in series with a nonlinear resistor, and includes a leakage current energy acquisition unit, a solar cell energy acquisition unit, a leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit, a lightning strike counting signal conditioning and acquisition unit, a power management unit, a low-power microprocessor MCU unit and a mobile communication unit;

[0008] The input ends of the leakage current signal conditioning and collection unit, the lightning strike counting signal conditioning and collection unit and the leakage current energy acquisition unit are respectively connected in parallel to the arrester grounding wire; the output ends of the leakage current signal conditioning and collection unit and the lightning strike counting signal conditioning and collection unit are respectively connected in parallel to the input end of the low-power microprocessor MCU unit; the output ends of the leakage current energy acquisition unit and the solar cell energy acquisition unit are respectively connected in parallel to the power management unit, and under the control of the low-power microprocessor MCU unit, the entire monitor is collaboratively powered; the low-power microprocessor MCU unit is electrically connected to the mobile communication unit via Lora or WAPI.

[0009] Furthermore, the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit includes a transformer CT sampling circuit, a differential amplifier circuit, an AC signal boost circuit, a filter circuit and a 16-bit high-speed ADC current signal sampling circuit connected in series in sequence. The transformer CT sampling circuit is connected in series to the lightning arrester grounding wire and is located between the lightning arrester end screen and the nonlinear resistor.

[0010] Furthermore, the lightning strike counting signal conditioning and acquisition unit includes a rectifier circuit, a signal amplification and impedance matching circuit, and a photoelectric isolation circuit which are serially connected to the output end of the transformer CT sampling circuit in sequence.

[0011] Furthermore, the power management unit includes an MPPT circuit, a power conversion circuit and an electronic switch for powering each unit, and the power conversion circuit is respectively connected to the MPPT circuit, the electronic switch for powering each unit and a low-power microprocessor MCU unit; the input end of the MPPT circuit is respectively connected in parallel to the output ends of the leakage current energy acquisition unit and the solar cell energy acquisition unit, and the electronic switch is connected to the low-power microprocessor MCU unit.

[0012] Furthermore, the leakage current energy extraction unit includes a rectifier circuit, a low-voltage shutdown and a high-voltage protection circuit connected in series in sequence, the input end of the rectifier circuit is connected between the transformer CT sampling circuit and the nonlinear resistor, and the output end of the low-voltage shutdown and high-voltage protection circuit is connected to the input end of the MPPT circuit through a forward conducting diode.

[0013] Furthermore, the solar cell energy extraction unit includes a solar cell panel and a conditioning circuit connected in series in sequence, and the output end of the conditioning circuit is connected to the input end of the MPPT circuit through a forward conducting diode.

[0014] Furthermore, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit includes a signal acquisition subunit, a low-power algorithm subunit and a liquid crystal LCD display subunit;

[0015] The signal acquisition subunit is used to collect and acquire the leakage current signal input by the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit and the lightning strike count signal input by the lightning strike count signal conditioning and acquisition unit; the low power consumption algorithm subunit is used to monitor and reduce power consumption by configuring software timing wake-up and hardware interrupt wake-up methods; the liquid crystal LCD display subunit is used to refresh and display the leakage current signal and the lightning strike count signal in real time.

[0016] Furthermore, the control method for the low power consumption algorithm subunit and the power management unit to put the monitor into sleep and wake up comprises the following steps:

[0017] When the low-power microprocessor MCU unit detects that it is powered on for the first time, it controls the power management unit to open the electronic switch of the measurement circuit corresponding to the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit, collects the full current data and uploads the data once through the mobile communication module, and then enters the sleep mode;

[0018] In the sleep mode, if a lightning current signal is generated, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit is awakened, and the power management unit is controlled to turn on the lightning counting circuit electronic switch corresponding to the lightning counting signal conditioning and collection unit, and drive the lightning counting signal conditioning and collection unit to count lightning strikes;

[0019] Then, the electronic switch of the measurement circuit corresponding to the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit is turned on, and the low-power microprocessor MCU unit collects and calculates the full current signal, and sends the signal data to the external Internet of Things management platform through the mobile communication unit, and then enters the sleep mode, waiting for the lightning interruption or the timing interruption to wake up;

[0020] If the preset time for the timed interrupt wake-up is reached, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit will be awakened, and the electronic switch of the measurement circuit corresponding to the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit will be turned on. The low-power microprocessor MCU unit will collect and calculate the full current signal, and send the data to the external Internet of Things management platform through the mobile communication unit. It will then enter sleep mode and wait for a lightning interrupt or timed interrupt wake-up.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a monitoring and management method for a low-power and collaboratively powered wireless lightning arrester online monitor as described in any one of the first aspects, comprising the following steps:

[0022] Step S1: Start powering on, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit starts and executes a self-test program;

[0023] Step S2: Execute parameter configuration loading and interrupt registration, create a thread, and prepare to receive leakage current signals and lightning strike signals;

[0024] Step S3: According to the power information provided by the power management unit, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit follows a preset collaborative power supply mode, including a full leakage current power supply mode, a full solar cell power supply mode, and a dynamic proportional power supply mode, and controls the leakage current energy acquisition unit and the solar cell energy acquisition unit through corresponding electronic switches to enter the collaborative power supply mode;

[0025] Step S4: According to the preset low-power algorithm scheduling strategy, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit switches between sleep and wake-up, and controls the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit and the lightning strike count signal conditioning and acquisition unit respectively through the electronic switch to collect signals at a predetermined sampling rate to perform full current signal monitoring and lightning strike signal monitoring;

[0026] Step S5: The low-power microprocessor MCU unit uploads the monitored full current signal and lightning signal data through the mobile communication unit at the set time interval, and refreshes and displays the monitored full current signal and lightning signal data in real time through the liquid crystal LCD display subunit.

[0027] Furthermore, according to a preset low-power algorithm scheduling strategy, a method for switching between sleep and wake-up of a low-power microprocessor MCU unit includes the following steps:

[0028] When the low-power microprocessor MCU unit detects that it is powered on for the first time, it controls the power management unit to open the electronic switch of the measurement circuit corresponding to the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit, collects the full current data and uploads the data once through the mobile communication module, and then enters the sleep mode;

[0029] In the sleep mode, if a lightning current signal is generated, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit is awakened, and the power management unit is controlled to turn on the lightning counting circuit electronic switch corresponding to the lightning counting signal conditioning and collection unit, and drive the lightning counting signal conditioning and collection unit to count lightning strikes;

[0030] Then, the electronic switch of the measurement circuit corresponding to the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit is turned on, and the low-power microprocessor MCU unit collects and calculates the full current signal, and sends the signal data to the external Internet of Things management platform through the mobile communication unit, and then enters the sleep mode, waiting for the lightning interruption or the timing interruption to wake up;

[0031] If the preset time for the timed interrupt wake-up is reached, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit will be awakened, and the electronic switch of the measurement circuit corresponding to the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit will be turned on. The low-power microprocessor MCU unit will collect and calculate the full current signal, and send the data to the external Internet of Things management platform through the mobile communication unit. It will then enter sleep mode and wait for a lightning interrupt or timed interrupt wake-up.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] The low-power and collaboratively powered wireless lightning arrester online monitor and the monitoring and operation method thereof provided by the present invention adopt a leakage current energy acquisition unit, a solar cell energy acquisition unit, a leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit, a lightning strike counting signal conditioning and acquisition unit, a power management unit, a low-power microprocessor MCU unit and a mobile communication unit. It has microwatt-level power consumption, a power system with leakage current and solar cell collaborative power acquisition, a low-power mobile communication function, and a low-power algorithm subunit and a power management unit for commanding the collaborative operation of each unit. It is reliable, easy to access, and the lightning arrester data can be reliably transmitted to the external Internet of Things platform, which improves the stability, real-time and reliability of the lightning arrester insulation online monitoring system, and to a certain extent improves the digitalization level of the new power system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 The present invention is a structural block diagram of a wireless lightning arrester online monitor provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 The present invention provides a flowchart of a preset low-power algorithm scheduling strategy according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 The present invention provides a flow chart of a monitoring and operating method of an online monitor for a wireless lightning arrester according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure:

[0038] 1. Leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit; 2. Lightning strike counting signal conditioning and acquisition unit; 3. Leakage current energy acquisition unit; 4. Power management unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0041] like Figure 1As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a low-power and collaboratively powered wireless lightning arrester online monitor, especially a low-power and leakage current and solar cell collaboratively powered wireless lightning arrester online monitor, which is configured on the lightning arrester grounding wire connected in series with a nonlinear resistor, and includes a leakage current energy acquisition unit, a solar cell energy acquisition unit, a leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit, a lightning strike counting signal conditioning and acquisition unit, a power management unit, a low-power microprocessor MCU unit and a mobile communication unit.

[0042] The leakage current energy acquisition unit is used to collect the energy of the arrester leakage current to provide power to the monitor in the selected mode; the low-power comparator TLV3012 can be used for voltage comparison.

[0043] The solar cell energy acquisition unit is used to collect solar energy and convert it into electrical energy, and works in parallel and collaboratively with the leakage current energy acquisition unit to provide power to the monitor according to a preset energy supply strategy.

[0044] The leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit is used to acquire and process the leakage current signal obtained from the current transformer CT.

[0045] The lightning strike counting signal conditioning and acquisition unit is used to collect and process the lightning strike current signal obtained from the current transformer.

[0046] The power management unit is used to manage the power supply of the monitor and to coordinate the power supply through the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller, power conversion circuit, electronic switch, etc.

[0047] The low-power microprocessor MCU unit is used to collect and calculate electrical quantities such as lightning arrester leakage current and number of lightning strikes, as well as low-power algorithm scheduling strategies for monitoring and scheduling monitors. The low-power MCU uses Fudan Microelectronics' FM33A0610EV microcontroller, with a typical operating power consumption of 135uA / MHz, LPRUN power consumption of 30uA at 32KHz, and a typical power consumption of 3.6uA in Sleep mode.

[0048] Mobile communication unit, used to transmit monitoring data to external IoT management platform.

[0049] In this embodiment, the input ends of the leakage current signal conditioning and collection unit, the lightning strike counting signal conditioning and collection unit and the leakage current energy acquisition unit are respectively connected in parallel to the arrester grounding wire; the output ends of the leakage current signal conditioning and collection unit and the lightning strike counting signal conditioning and collection unit are respectively connected in parallel to the input end of the low-power microprocessor MCU unit; the output ends of the leakage current energy acquisition unit and the solar cell energy acquisition unit are respectively connected in parallel to the power management unit, and under the control of the low-power microprocessor MCU unit, the entire monitor is collaboratively powered; the low-power microprocessor MCU unit is electrically connected to the mobile communication unit.

[0050] Specifically, the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit includes a transformer CT sampling circuit, a differential amplifier circuit, an AC signal boost circuit, a filter circuit, and a 16-bit high-speed ADC current signal sampling circuit connected in series. The transformer CT sampling circuit is connected in series to the arrester grounding wire and is located between the arrester end screen and the nonlinear resistor. The transformer CT sampling circuit is used to measure the AC current conducted by the arrester grounding wire, and to convert a large current into a small current for measurement through a transformer, so as to collect leakage, small current, lightning signal data, etc.

[0051] The lightning strike counting signal conditioning and acquisition unit includes a rectifier circuit, a signal amplification and impedance matching circuit, and a photoelectric isolation circuit which are connected in series to the output end of the transformer CT sampling circuit. The rectifier circuit uses the AC end of the rectifier bridge to be connected in parallel with the transformer, and its DC end is connected in series with the signal amplification and impedance matching circuit and the photoelectric isolation circuit to convert the instantaneous large current generated by the lightning strike into DC. The signal amplification and impedance matching circuit is used to enhance the signal, signal conditioning, and reduce the loss and reflection during the transmission process. The photoelectric isolation circuit is used to reduce the impact of noise on signal transmission, improve the reliability of the monitor, provide necessary isolation, and prevent electrical noise and overvoltage damage.

[0052] The power management unit includes an MPPT circuit, a power conversion circuit and an electronic switch for power supplying each unit. The power conversion circuit is respectively connected to the MPPT circuit, the electronic switch for power supplying each unit and a low-power microprocessor MCU unit; the input end of the MPPT circuit is respectively connected in parallel to the output ends of the leakage current energy acquisition unit and the solar cell energy acquisition unit, and the electronic switch is connected to the low-power microprocessor MCU unit.

[0053] The leakage current energy acquisition unit includes a rectifier circuit, a low-voltage shutdown and a high-voltage protection circuit connected in series in sequence. The input end of the rectifier circuit is connected between the transformer CT sampling circuit and the nonlinear resistor. The output end of the low-voltage shutdown and high-voltage protection circuit is connected to the input end of the MPPT circuit through a forward conducting diode.

[0054] The solar cell energy acquisition unit comprises a solar cell panel and a conditioning circuit which are connected in series in sequence, and the output end of the conditioning circuit is connected to the input end of the MPPT circuit through a forward conducting diode.

[0055] Among them, the MPPT controller, the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller, can detect the power generation voltage of the leakage current energy acquisition unit and the solar cell energy acquisition unit in real time, and track the maximum voltage and current value (VI), and then charge or supply the battery with maximum power output.

[0056] In this embodiment, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit includes a signal acquisition subunit, a low-power algorithm subunit and a liquid crystal LCD display subunit.

[0057] The signal acquisition subunit is used to collect the leakage current signal input by the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit and the lightning strike count signal input by the lightning strike counting signal conditioning and acquisition unit; the low-power algorithm subunit is used to monitor and reduce power consumption by configuring software timing wake-up and hardware interrupt wake-up methods; the LCD display subunit is used to refresh and display the leakage current signal and lightning strike count signal in real time.

[0058] In order to achieve low power consumption mode operation, the low power consumption algorithm subunit and the power management unit control method for the monitor to sleep and wake up, including the following steps:

[0059] When the low-power microprocessor MCU unit detects that it is powered on for the first time, it controls the power management unit to open the electronic switch of the measurement circuit corresponding to the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit, collects the full current data and uploads the data once through the mobile communication module, and then enters the sleep mode;

[0060] In the sleep mode, if a lightning current signal is generated, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit is awakened, and the power management unit is controlled to turn on the lightning counting circuit electronic switch corresponding to the lightning counting signal conditioning and collection unit, and drive the lightning counting signal conditioning and collection unit to count lightning strikes;

[0061] Then, the electronic switch of the measurement circuit corresponding to the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit is turned on, and the low-power microprocessor MCU unit collects and calculates the full current signal, and sends the signal data to the external IoT management platform through the mobile communication unit, and then enters the sleep mode, waiting for the lightning interruption or the timing interruption to wake up;

[0062] If the preset time for the timer interrupt wake-up is reached, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit will be awakened, and the MCU unit will turn on the electronic switch of the measurement circuit corresponding to the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit. The low-power microprocessor MCU unit will collect and calculate the full current signal, and send the data to the external Internet of Things management platform through the mobile communication unit, and then enter the sleep mode, waiting for lightning interruption or timer interruption to wake up.

[0063] In this embodiment, the nonlinear resistor uses a metal oxide resistor (MOV) to limit overvoltage and absorb surge energy. It has very special electrical characteristics, and its resistance value changes with the voltage passing through it. Under normal operating voltage, its resistance value is very high and almost non-conductive; under overvoltage conditions, its resistance value will drop sharply, allowing large current to pass.

[0064] When the power system is struck by lightning or subjected to operational overvoltage, transient high voltage will be generated; nonlinear resistors will conduct during overvoltage, limiting the overvoltage within a safe range to protect electrical equipment from damage; in overvoltage events, nonlinear resistors can conduct surge energy to the ground, thereby protecting electrical equipment from high-energy shocks; nonlinear resistors can serve as auxiliary protection elements for lightning arresters, enabling the arresters to more effectively absorb and limit overvoltage.

[0065] In addition, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a monitoring and management method for the above-mentioned low-power and cooperatively powered wireless lightning arrester online monitor, comprising the following steps:

[0066] Step S1: Start powering on, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit starts and executes a self-test program;

[0067] Step S2: Execute parameter configuration loading and interrupt registration, create a thread, and prepare to receive leakage current signals and lightning strike signals;

[0068] Step S3: According to the power information provided by the power management unit, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit follows a preset collaborative power supply mode, including a full leakage current power supply mode, a full solar cell power supply mode, and a dynamic proportional power supply mode, and controls the leakage current energy acquisition unit and the solar cell energy acquisition unit through corresponding electronic switches to enter the collaborative power supply mode;

[0069] Step S4: According to the preset low-power algorithm scheduling strategy, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit switches between sleep and wake-up, and controls the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit and the lightning strike count signal conditioning and acquisition unit respectively through the electronic switch to collect signals at a predetermined sampling rate to perform full current signal monitoring and lightning strike signal monitoring;

[0070] Step S5: The low-power microprocessor MCU unit uploads the monitored full current signal and lightning signal data through the mobile communication unit at the set time interval, and refreshes and displays the monitored full current signal and lightning signal data in real time through the liquid crystal LCD display subunit.

[0071] Among them, according to the preset low-power algorithm scheduling strategy, the method for the low-power microprocessor MCU unit to perform sleep and wake-up switching includes the following steps:

[0072] When the low-power microprocessor MCU unit detects that it is powered on for the first time, it controls the power management unit to open the electronic switch of the measurement circuit corresponding to the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit, collects the full current data and uploads the data once through the mobile communication module, and then enters the sleep mode;

[0073] In the sleep mode, if a lightning current signal is generated, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit is awakened, and the power management unit is controlled to turn on the lightning counting circuit electronic switch corresponding to the lightning counting signal conditioning and collection unit, and drive the lightning counting signal conditioning and collection unit to count lightning strikes;

[0074] Then, the electronic switch of the measurement circuit corresponding to the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit is turned on, and the low-power microprocessor MCU unit collects and calculates the full current signal, and sends the signal data to the external IoT management platform through the mobile communication unit, and then enters the sleep mode, waiting for the lightning interruption or the timing interruption to wake up;

[0075] If the preset time for the timer interrupt wake-up is reached, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit will be awakened, and the MCU unit will turn on the electronic switch of the measurement circuit corresponding to the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit. The low-power microprocessor MCU unit will collect and calculate the full current signal, and send the data to the external Internet of Things management platform through the mobile communication unit, and then enter the sleep mode, waiting for lightning interruption or timer interruption to wake up.

[0076] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-power and collaboratively powered wireless arrester online monitor, arranged on the arrester grounding wire connected in series with a nonlinear resistor, characterized in that: It includes a leakage current energy acquisition unit, a solar cell energy acquisition unit, a leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit, a lightning strike counting signal conditioning and acquisition unit, a power management unit, a low-power microprocessor MCU unit and a mobile communication unit; The input ends of the leakage current signal conditioning and collection unit, the lightning strike counting signal conditioning and collection unit and the leakage current energy acquisition unit are respectively connected in parallel to the arrester grounding wire; the output ends of the leakage current signal conditioning and collection unit and the lightning strike counting signal conditioning and collection unit are respectively connected in parallel to the input end of the low-power microprocessor MCU unit; the output ends of the leakage current energy acquisition unit and the solar cell energy acquisition unit are respectively connected in parallel to the power management unit, and under the control of the low-power microprocessor MCU unit, the entire monitor is collaboratively powered; The low-power microprocessor MCU unit is electrically connected to the mobile communication unit via a UART interface.

2. The low-power and cooperatively powered wireless lightning arrester online monitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit includes a transformer CT sampling circuit, a differential amplifier circuit, an AC signal boost circuit, a filter circuit and a 16-bit high-speed ADC current signal sampling circuit connected in series in sequence. The transformer CT sampling circuit is connected in series to the arrester grounding wire and is located between the arrester end screen and the nonlinear resistor.

3. The low power consumption and coordinated power supply wireless lightning arrester online monitor according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The lightning strike counting signal conditioning and acquisition unit comprises a rectifier circuit, a signal amplification and impedance matching circuit and a photoelectric isolation circuit which are serially connected to the output end of the transformer CT sampling circuit in sequence.

4. The low power consumption and coordinated power supply wireless lightning arrester online monitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power management unit includes an MPPT circuit, a power conversion circuit and an electronic switch for powering each unit. The power conversion circuit is respectively connected to the MPPT circuit, the electronic switch for powering each unit and a low-power microprocessor MCU unit; the input end of the MPPT circuit is respectively connected in parallel to the output ends of the leakage current energy acquisition unit and the solar cell energy acquisition unit, and the electronic switch is connected to the low-power microprocessor MCU unit.

5. The low-power and cooperatively powered wireless lightning arrester online monitor according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The leakage current energy acquisition unit includes a rectifier circuit, a low-voltage shutdown and a high-voltage protection circuit connected in series in sequence. The input end of the rectifier circuit is connected between the transformer CT sampling circuit and the nonlinear resistor. The output end of the low-voltage shutdown and high-voltage protection circuit is connected to the input end of the MPPT circuit through a forward conducting diode.

6. The low-power and cooperatively powered wireless lightning arrester online monitor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The solar cell energy extraction unit comprises a solar cell panel and a conditioning circuit which are connected in series in sequence, and the output end of the conditioning circuit is connected to the input end of the MPPT circuit through a forward conducting diode.

7. The low power consumption and coordinated power supply wireless lightning arrester online monitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-power microprocessor MCU unit includes a signal acquisition subunit, a low-power algorithm subunit and a liquid crystal LCD display subunit; The signal acquisition subunit is used to collect and acquire the leakage current signal input by the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit and the lightning strike count signal input by the lightning strike count signal conditioning and acquisition unit; the low power consumption algorithm subunit is used to monitor by configuring software timing wake-up and hardware interrupt wake-up to reduce power consumption; the liquid crystal LCD display subunit is used to display the leakage current signal and the lightning strike count signal.

8. The low-power and cooperatively powered wireless lightning arrester online monitor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control method of the low power consumption algorithm subunit and the power management unit for controlling the monitor to sleep and wake up comprises the following steps: When the low-power microprocessor MCU unit detects that it is powered on for the first time, it controls the power management unit to open the electronic switch of the measurement circuit corresponding to the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit, collects the full current data and uploads the data once through the mobile communication module, and then enters the sleep mode; In the sleep mode, if a lightning current signal is generated, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit is awakened, and the power management unit is controlled to turn on the lightning counting circuit electronic switch corresponding to the lightning counting signal conditioning and collection unit, and drive the lightning counting signal conditioning and collection unit to count lightning strikes; Then, the electronic switch of the measurement circuit corresponding to the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit is turned on, and the low-power microprocessor MCU unit collects and calculates the full current signal, and sends the signal data to the external Internet of Things management platform through the mobile communication unit, and then enters the sleep mode, waiting for the lightning interruption or the timing interruption to wake up; If the preset time for the timer interrupt wake-up is reached, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit will be awakened, and the MCU unit will turn on the electronic switch of the measurement circuit corresponding to the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit. The low-power microprocessor MCU unit will collect and calculate the full current signal, and send the data to the external Internet of Things management platform through the mobile communication unit, and then enter the sleep mode, waiting for lightning interruption or timer interruption to wake up.

9. A monitoring and management method for a low-power and cooperatively powered wireless lightning arrester online monitor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1: Start powering on, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit starts and executes a self-test program; Step S2: Execute parameter configuration loading and interrupt registration, create a thread, and prepare to receive leakage current signals and lightning strike signals; Step S3: According to the power information provided by the power management unit, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit follows a preset collaborative power supply mode, including a full leakage current power supply mode, a full solar cell power supply mode, and a dynamic proportional power supply mode, and controls the leakage current energy acquisition unit and the solar cell energy acquisition unit through corresponding electronic switches to enter the collaborative power supply mode; Step S4: According to the preset low-power algorithm scheduling strategy, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit switches between sleep and wake-up, and controls the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit and the lightning strike count signal conditioning and acquisition unit respectively through the electronic switch to collect signals at a predetermined sampling rate to perform full current signal monitoring and lightning strike signal monitoring; Step S5: The low-power microprocessor MCU unit uploads the monitored full current signal and lightning signal data through the mobile communication unit at the set time interval, and refreshes and displays the monitored full current signal and lightning signal data in real time through the liquid crystal LCD display subunit.

10. The monitoring management method according to claim 9, characterized in that: According to a preset low-power algorithm scheduling strategy, a method for switching between sleep and wake-up of a low-power microprocessor MCU unit includes the following steps: When the low-power microprocessor MCU unit detects that it is powered on for the first time, it controls the power management unit to open the electronic switch of the measurement circuit corresponding to the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit, collects the full current data and uploads the data once through the mobile communication module, and then enters the sleep mode; In the sleep mode, if a lightning current signal is generated, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit is awakened, and the power management unit is controlled to turn on the lightning counting circuit electronic switch corresponding to the lightning counting signal conditioning and collection unit, and drive the lightning counting signal conditioning and collection unit to count lightning strikes; Then, the electronic switch of the measurement circuit corresponding to the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit is turned on, and the low-power microprocessor MCU unit collects and calculates the full current signal, and sends the signal data to the external Internet of Things management platform through the mobile communication unit, and then enters the sleep mode, waiting for the lightning interruption or the timing interruption to wake up; If the preset time for the timer interrupt wake-up is reached, the low-power microprocessor MCU unit will be awakened, and the MCU unit will turn on the electronic switch of the measurement circuit corresponding to the leakage current signal conditioning and acquisition unit. The low-power microprocessor MCU unit will collect and calculate the full current signal, and send the data to the external Internet of Things management platform through the mobile communication unit, and then enter the sleep mode, waiting for lightning interruption or timer interruption to wake up.

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