B-ultrasonic guided multifunctional simulated puncture training model and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of teaching display, in particular to the field of IPCA61B90, and more particularly relates to a B-ultrasonic guided multifunctional simulation puncture training model and a preparation method thereof. A B-ultrasonic guided focus simulation puncture training model is characterized by comprising a muscular tissue model (1), a blood vessel model (2), a nerve model (3) and a focus model (4), the blood vessel model (2), the nerve model (3) and the focus model (4) are embedded in the muscle tissue model (1); the muscular tissue model (1) is prepared from hydrogel. By adjusting the formula of the hydrogel, the water content of the model can be close to the natural state of human tissues, more real touch feeling and hardness are provided, and meanwhile the model has excellent toughness and is not prone to damage in repeated use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of teaching display technology, in particular to the field of IPCA61B90, and more specifically to a B-ultrasound guided multifunctional simulated puncture training model and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of medical technology, B-ultrasound technology plays an important role in interventional diagnosis and treatment. Ultrasound training in medical education and clinical practice is crucial to improving physicians' operational skills and reducing surgical risks. At present, it mainly relies on simulation equipment and virtual systems to simulate the real surgical environment to help medical students and physicians learn key skills such as ultrasound image recognition, puncture target positioning, and hand-eye coordination. However, the existing ultrasound training system has many shortcomings, including low simulation, lack of real touch, insufficient accuracy of anatomical structure simulation, poor model reusability, high production cost, low operational convenience, and lack of real-time feedback mechanism. These problems limit the training effect and affect the improvement of physician skills.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN103268726A discloses an ultrasound-guided needle puncture surgery simulation training system, which can effectively help doctors improve their proficiency in puncture operations. However, even though ultrasound-guided puncture technology is already available, the technology is not mature and ultrasound-guided puncture still has certain risks. Chinese invention patent CN103268726A can improve doctors' operating feel, but it cannot help doctors solve the above two problems. Therefore, doctors still need other simulation training to help them find accurate and easy-to-develop angles and positions. Summary of the invention

[0004] The first aspect of the present invention provides an ultrasound-guided multifunctional simulated puncture training model, comprising: a muscle tissue model, a blood vessel model, a nerve model and a lesion model; the blood vessel model, the nerve model and the lesion model are all embedded in the muscle tissue model; the raw material for preparing the muscle tissue model includes hydrogel.

[0005] The raw materials for preparing the hydrogel include: water-soluble high molecular polymer, monomer, initiator, cross-linking agent and water.

[0006] The weight ratio of the water-soluble high molecular polymer to water is (0.05-0.35):1, and the weight ratio of the monomer to water is (0.05-0.8):1.

[0007] The applicant has found that the raw materials for preparing the hydrogel include: a water-soluble high molecular polymer, a monomer, an initiator, a cross-linking agent and water. The weight ratio of the water-soluble high molecular polymer to water is (0.05-0.35):1, and the weight ratio of the monomer to water is (0.05-0.8):1, which can make the water content of the model close to the natural state of human tissue, providing a more realistic touch and hardness, while having excellent toughness, making it not easily damaged during repeated use. Normally, when the water content of the hydrogel is close to the water content of the natural state of human tissue, excessively high water content leads to poor mechanical properties. The present application improves the interaction force between chain segments and thus improves the mechanical properties by adding specific monomers and polymers.

[0008] Preferably, the weight ratio of the water-soluble high molecular polymer to water is (0.05-0.2):1, and the weight ratio of the monomer to water is (0.1-0.35):1.

[0009] The water-soluble high molecular polymer includes one or more of povidone, gelatin, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, acetylated hyaluronic acid, collagen, laminin, tragacanth, fibronectin, vitronectin, lysine, proteoglycan, and polybutylene succinate.

[0010] Preferably, the water-soluble high molecular polymer includes one or more of povidone, gelatin and sodium alginate.

[0011] The monomers include one or more of glycidyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, sodium methacrylate, 3-sulfopropyl acrylate, N-isopropyl acrylamide, acrylic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, ethylene-ethylene glycol-phenyl ether acrylate, 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl acrylate, acrylamide, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, methacryloylethyl sulfobetaine, and acylated chitosan.

[0012] Preferably, the monomer includes one or more of N-isopropylacrylamide, acrylic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate.

[0013] The cross-linking agent includes one or more of polyethylene glycol acrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate.

[0014] Preferably, the cross-linking agent comprises polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate.

[0015] Preferably, the initiator includes one or more of benzoyl peroxide, ammonium persulfate, sodium metabisulfite, dicumyl peroxide, potassium persulfate, and sodium polypersulfate.

[0016] The raw materials for preparing the blood vessel model include hydrogel and organic solvent.

[0017] Preferably, the organic solvent comprises glycerol and / or ethylene glycol.

[0018] The raw materials for preparing the nerve model include hydrogel and filler.

[0019] Preferably, the filler includes one or more of silicon oxide, hydroxyapatite, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, and cerium oxide.

[0020] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the lesion model include hydrogel and accelerator.

[0021] Preferably, the accelerator includes one or more of N,N'-dimethylethylenediamine, N-methyldiethanolamine, triethylenetetramine, tetramethylphenylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, ethylenediamine, isocyanate, N,N,N',N'-tetraethylethylenediamine, and tetramethylethylenediamine.

[0022] Preferably, the amount of the initiator is 0.05% to 5% of the total molar amount of the monomers, the amount of the crosslinker is 0.04% to 3% of the total molar amount of the monomers, and the amount of the accelerator is 0.03% to 3% of the total mass of the hydrogel.

[0023] Preferably, the hydrogel also includes a pigment, and the pigment is purchased from one or two flesh-colored pigments of Qingzhu Art Materials Store, Simu Flagship Store, Montmartre Flagship Store, and Maliqicai Store on Taobao Mall.

[0024] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a B-ultrasound-guided lesion simulation puncture training model, comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1, mixing raw materials for preparing the lesion model, and solidifying to obtain the lesion model;

[0026] S2, mixing the raw materials for preparing the hydrogel evenly, fixing the vascular support, the nerve support, and the lesion model in an ultrasonic puncture mold, pouring the hydrogel, and curing to obtain a muscle tissue model;

[0027] S3, mixing the blood vessel model (2) and the nerve model (3) with the prepared raw materials to obtain a simulated blood mixture and a simulated nerve material respectively;

[0028] S4, taking out the vascular support and the nerve support, and respectively perfusing the simulated blood mixture and the simulated nerve, and after solidification, a multifunctional simulated puncture training model including a vascular model (2), a nerve model (3) and a lesion model (4) is obtained.

[0029] Beneficial Effects

[0030] 1. By adjusting the formula of the hydrogel, the water content of the model can be made close to the natural state of human tissue,

[0031] It provides a more realistic touch and hardness, while having excellent toughness, making it less likely to be damaged during repeated use.

[0032] 2. The ultrasound-guided puncture training model of this application can be sealed at room temperature after molding and can be stored for a long time. It can resist environmental changes and ensure long-term stability.

[0033] 3. The ultrasound-guided puncture training model of this application is a simulation system for ultrasound surgery training, which allows the use of B-ultrasound detection technology to simulate real human imaging effects.

[0034] 4. The ultrasound-guided puncture training model of this application can accurately replicate the acoustic characteristics of different human tissues such as blood vessels, nerves and lesions, and produce realistic high-echo, low-echo and no-echo imaging effects.

[0035] 5. The ultrasound-guided puncture training model of this application provides comprehensive puncture biopsy surgical training. It can use puncture needles of various specifications and sizes to adapt to different surgical needs and tissue types. During the training, you can learn how to select the appropriate puncture needle according to the surgical goal and master the corresponding operation skills.

[0036] 6. The ultrasound-guided puncture training model of this application can simulate lesion puncture, blood vessel puncture or nerve puncture, has a certain self-healing ability, and supports more than 200 puncture trainings.

[0037] 7. The ultrasound-guided puncture training model of this application supports electrosurgical cutting training and lesion ablation training, including precise control of cutting depth and speed, and practice under safe operating procedures. It helps trainees learn how to interpret the echo enhancement characteristics of lesion ablation on ultrasound images and identify echo changes in different ablation stages. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 This is the puncture training model of Example 1.

[0039] Figure 2 This is an ultrasonic image of the puncture training model in Example 1, and the box is a parallel screenshot of the blood vessel model.

[0040] Figure 3 This is an ultrasonic image of the puncture training model in Example 1. The box is a vertical screenshot of the blood vessel model.

[0041] Figure 4 This is an ultrasound image of the puncture training model in Example 1, and the box is a parallel screenshot of the nerve model.

[0042] Figure 5This is an ultrasound image of the puncture training model in Example 1, and the box is a vertical screenshot of the nerve model.

[0043] Figure 6 This is an ultrasonic image of the puncture training model in Example 1. The box is a cross-sectional view of the lesion model, including: 1. muscle tissue model; 2. blood vessel model; 3. nerve model; 4. lesion model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Example 1

[0045] A B-ultrasound guided multifunctional simulated puncture training model, such as Figure 1 Shown are: a muscle tissue model 1, a blood vessel model 2, a nerve model 3 and a lesion model 4; the blood vessel model 2, the nerve model 3 and the lesion model 4 are all embedded inside the muscle tissue model 1; the raw materials for preparing the muscle tissue model 1 include hydrogel.

[0046] A method for preparing a B-ultrasound-guided multifunctional simulated puncture training model comprises the following steps:

[0047] Mix 60g of acrylic acid with 300mL of purified water and stir under ultrasound until completely dissolved; then add 0.3g of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a cross-linking agent and 1g of potassium persulfate as an initiator to the solution in sequence and stir under ultrasound until completely dissolved; then add 500g of a 10wt% sodium alginate aqueous solution, stir thoroughly and divide into portions, then add calcium chloride solution separately and adjust its color to be close to the muscle color.

[0048] A 50 g portion of the above mixed solution was taken out, 1 mL of tetramethylphenylenediamine was added, and the mixture was poured into the tumor mold. The mold was placed in a 45° C. oven for 6 h to solidify and then taken out to obtain a lesion model 4.

[0049] Place the lesion model 4, vascular support (9400 resin), and nerve support (9400 resin) inside the mold. Then add 3.5mL of tetramethylphenylenediamine as a promoter to the remaining mixture, pour it into the mold and put it in a 45°C oven for 3 hours, then take out the built-in vascular support and nerve support, add simulated blood mixture and nerve simulator to them respectively, and obtain vascular model 2 and nerve model 3. Then put it in a -25°C refrigerator and freeze it for 3 hours until the simulated blood mixture solidifies, pour the remaining mixture into the mold to ensure that all areas that need to be sealed are covered, and put it in a 45°C oven for 16 hours to obtain the multifunctional simulated puncture training model.

[0050] In the blood vessel model, 1 g of gelatin was dissolved in 20 mL of water, and 1 g of ethylene glycol was added to obtain the gelatin solution.

[0051] Nerve model: 1 g of acrylic acid was dissolved in 5 g of aqueous solution to obtain an acrylic acid aqueous solution, to which 0.2 g of cerium oxide was added, and then 0.03 g of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a crosslinking agent and 0.1 g of potassium persulfate as an initiator were added to obtain a nerve model.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] A B-ultrasound guided lesion simulation puncture training model, such as Figure 1 Shown are: a muscle tissue model 1, a blood vessel model 2, a nerve model 3 and a lesion model 4; the blood vessel model 2, the nerve model 3 and the lesion model 4 are all embedded inside the muscle tissue model 1; the raw material for preparing the muscle tissue model 1 is hydrogel.

[0054] A method for preparing a B-ultrasound-guided lesion simulation puncture training model comprises the following steps:

[0055] Mix 40g of povidone with 300mL of purified water and stir under ultrasound until completely dissolved; then add 0.4g of polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a cross-linking agent and 800mg of diisopropylbenzene peroxide as an initiator to the solution in sequence and stir under ultrasound until completely dissolved; then add 500g of 10wt% gelatin aqueous solution, stir thoroughly and adjust its color to be close to the muscle color.

[0056] A 50 g portion of the above mixed solution was taken out, poured into a tumor mold, placed in a -15°C refrigerator and frozen for more than 16 hours to solidify, and then taken out to obtain a lesion model 4.

[0057] Place the lesion model 4, vascular support (9400 resin), and nerve support (9400 resin) inside the mold. Then add 1 mL of tetramethylphenylenediamine as an accelerator to the remaining mixture, pour it into the mold and put it in a -15°C refrigerator for 3 hours, then take out the built-in vascular support and nerve support, and add the simulated blood mixture and nerve simulator to them respectively to obtain vascular model 2 and nerve model 3. Continue to put it in a -15°C refrigerator until the simulated blood mixture is frozen, pour the remaining mixture into the mold to ensure that all areas that need to be sealed are covered, and put it in a -20°C refrigerator for 24 hours to obtain the multifunctional simulated puncture training model.

[0058] In the blood vessel model, 1 g of gelatin was dissolved in 20 mL of water, and 1.5 g of ethylene glycol was added to obtain the gelatin solution.

[0059] Nerve model: 1 g of acrylic acid was dissolved in 4.8 g of aqueous solution to obtain an acrylic acid aqueous solution, to which 0.18 g of cerium oxide was added, and then 0.028 g of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a crosslinking agent and 0.09 g of potassium persulfate as an initiator were added to obtain a nerve model.

[0060] Performance Testing Methods

[0061] The simulated puncture training model prepared in Example 1 was used to demonstrate the B-ultrasound imaging effect. Figure 2-3 As shown in Figure 1, a clear blood vessel model is shown. Figure 4-5 As shown in Figure 2, a clear neural model is shown. Figure 6 As shown, a clear lesion model is displayed.

Claims

1. A B-ultrasound guided multifunctional simulated puncture training model, characterized in that: include: A muscle tissue model (1), a blood vessel model (2), a nerve model (3) and a lesion model (4); the blood vessel model (2), the nerve model (3) and the lesion model (4) are all embedded in the muscle tissue model (1); the raw materials for preparing the muscle tissue model (1) include hydrogel.

2. The B-ultrasound guided multifunctional simulated puncture training model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials for preparing the hydrogel include: water-soluble high molecular polymer, monomer, initiator, cross-linking agent and water.

3. The B-ultrasound guided multifunctional simulated puncture training model according to claim 2, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the water-soluble high molecular polymer to water is (0.05-0.35):1, and the weight ratio of the monomer to water is (0.05-0.8):

1.

4. The B-ultrasound guided multifunctional simulated puncture training model according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water-soluble high molecular polymer includes one or more of povidone, gelatin, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, acetylated hyaluronic acid, collagen, laminin, tragacanth, fibronectin, vitronectin, lysine, proteoglycan, and polybutylene succinate.

5. The B-ultrasound guided multifunctional simulated puncture training model according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The monomers include one or more of glycidyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, sodium methacrylate, 3-sulfopropyl acrylate, N-isopropyl acrylamide, acrylic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, ethylene-ethylene glycol-phenyl ether acrylate, 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl acrylate, acrylamide, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, methacryloylethyl sulfobetaine, and acylated chitosan.

6. The B-ultrasound guided multifunctional simulated puncture training model according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross-linking agent includes one or more of polyethylene glycol acrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate.

7. The B-ultrasound guided multifunctional simulated puncture training model according to claim 6, characterized in that: The raw materials for preparing the blood vessel model (2) include hydrogel and organic solvent.

8. The B-ultrasound guided multifunctional simulated puncture training model according to claim 7, characterized in that: The raw materials for preparing the nerve model (3) include hydrogel and filler.

9. The B-ultrasound guided multifunctional simulated puncture training model according to claim 8, characterized in that: The raw materials for preparing the lesion model (4) include hydrogel and accelerator.

10. A method for preparing the B-ultrasound guided multifunctional simulated puncture training model according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, mixing the raw materials for preparing the lesion model (4), and solidifying to obtain the lesion model (4); S2, mixing the raw materials for preparing the hydrogel evenly, fixing the vascular support, the nerve support, and the lesion model (4) in an ultrasonic puncture mold, pouring the hydrogel, and curing to obtain a muscle tissue model (1); S3, mixing the blood vessel model (2) and the nerve model (3) with the prepared raw materials to obtain a simulated blood mixture and a simulated nerve material respectively; S4, taking out the vascular support and the nerve support, and respectively perfusing the simulated blood mixture and the simulated nerve, and after solidification, a multifunctional simulated puncture training model including a vascular model (2), a nerve model (3) and a lesion model (4) is obtained.

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