Fuel cell system and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell system and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of fuel cells, the fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell, a hydrogen supply flow path and a gas-liquid separation device, the hydrogen supply flow path is communicated with a hydrogen inlet, the gas-liquid separation device comprises a box body, a separation blade and an adsorption structure, the box body is provided with a box body side wall and a box body top wall, a gas inlet and a liquid outlet are formed in the side wall of the box body, an exhaust port is formed in the top wall of the box body, the gas inlet is communicated with the hydrogen outlet, the exhaust port is communicated with the hydrogen supply flow path, the adsorption structure is arranged in the box body and used for adsorbing nitrogen, the adsorption structure covers the exhaust port, and the blocking piece is arranged in the box body and located between the adsorption structure side wall of the adsorption structure and the box body side wall. And the separation blade is used for separating liquid in the gas. According to the fuel cell system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the hydrogen utilization rate is improved, the resource waste is reduced, the components of the fuel cell system are reduced, the cost is reduced, and the whole machine integration level of the fuel cell system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a fuel cell system and a vehicle having the fuel cell system. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, air and hydrogen are passed through the fuel cell. Air and hydrogen react in the fuel cell to produce water vapor. There is a large amount of nitrogen in the air. The incompletely reacted hydrogen is mixed with nitrogen. As time goes by, the hydrogen concentration will decrease, the fuel cell voltage will decrease, and the fuel cell output power will be affected. In addition, water vapor is also mixed in the hydrogen. The existing fuel cell system regularly discharges hydrogen containing nitrogen by setting an exhaust valve, thereby increasing the concentration of hydrogen. However, too much hydrogen will be discharged during the hydrogen discharge process, resulting in a waste of fuel resources. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one purpose of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system that is conducive to improving hydrogen utilization, reducing resource waste, reducing the number of components of the fuel cell system, reducing costs, and improving the overall integration of the fuel cell system.

[0004] The present invention further provides a vehicle using the fuel cell system.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the fuel cell system comprises: a fuel cell, a hydrogen supply flow path and a gas-liquid separation device, wherein the fuel cell has a hydrogen inlet, an air inlet, a hydrogen outlet and an air outlet, the hydrogen supply flow path is connected to the hydrogen inlet, the gas-liquid separation device comprises a box body, a baffle and an adsorption structure, the box body has a box body side wall and a box body top wall, the box body side wall is formed with an air inlet and a liquid discharge port, the box body top wall is formed with an exhaust port, the air inlet is connected to the hydrogen outlet, the exhaust port is connected to the hydrogen supply flow path, the adsorption structure is arranged in the box body and is used to adsorb nitrogen, the adsorption structure covers the exhaust port, the baffle is arranged in the box body and is located between the adsorption structure side wall of the adsorption structure and the box body side wall, and the baffle is used to separate liquid from the gas.

[0006] According to the fuel cell system of the embodiment of the present application, the adsorption structure can adsorb nitrogen in the mixed gas, and the baffle can separate water vapor in the mixed gas. By setting the adsorption structure and the baffle in the gas-liquid separation device, the hydrogen, nitrogen and water vapor in the mixed gas can be separated, and the effect of recycling the hydrogen filtered by the gas-liquid separation device can be achieved, thereby increasing the hydrogen concentration, which is conducive to improving the utilization rate of hydrogen and reducing resource waste. Compared with the prior art, the hydrogen discharge valve and the hydrogen mixing and dilution device are eliminated, which reduces the components of the fuel cell system, reduces the cost, and improves the overall integration of the fuel cell system.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the box body has a bottom wall, the bottom wall and the top wall are opposite and spaced apart from each other, the adsorption structure extends along the arrangement direction of the bottom wall and the top wall, and the adsorption structure abuts against both the bottom wall and the top wall.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the adsorption structure includes: a first adsorption body and a second adsorption body, the first adsorption body and the second adsorption body are connected and are located between the second adsorption body and the top wall of the box body, the cross-sectional size of the first adsorption body is larger than the cross-sectional size of the second adsorption body, the second adsorption body and the side wall of the box body are spaced apart to form an installation space, and the baffle is arranged in the installation space.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the adsorption structure side wall of the first adsorption body abuts against the side wall of the box body.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first adsorbent body has a first central axis extending along the arrangement direction of the bottom wall of the box and the top wall of the box, and the second adsorbent body has a second central axis extending along the arrangement direction of the bottom wall of the box and the top wall of the box, and the first central axis and the second central axis are collinear.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first adsorbent body and the second adsorbent body are integrally formed.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the blocking sheet is fixed to the side wall of the box body and is spaced apart from the second adsorbent body.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in a direction from the top wall of the box body to the bottom wall of the box body, the blocking piece extends obliquely toward the second adsorption body.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, there are multiple baffles, which form a multi-layer baffle layer, and the multi-layer baffle layers are arranged at intervals along the arrangement direction of the bottom wall of the box body and the top wall of the box body, each baffle layer has a plurality of baffles, and the plurality of baffles in each layer are arranged around the second adsorbent body along the circumference of the second adsorbent body, and any two adjacent baffles in the plurality of baffles in each layer are spaced apart to form a flow gap between the two adjacent baffles.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the baffles of the baffle layer and the flow gaps of the adjacent baffle layers are opposite to each other along the arrangement direction of the bottom wall of the box body and the top wall of the box body.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the side wall of the box body has a first side wall and a second side wall opposite to each other, the first side wall is formed with the air inlet, the second side wall is formed with the liquid discharge port, and both the air inlet and the liquid discharge port are adjacent to the bottom wall of the box body.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the adsorption structure is configured as a molecular sieve.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fuel cell system further comprises: a drain valve connected to the drain port.

[0019] A vehicle according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention comprises the fuel cell system described in the above embodiment.

[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a gas-liquid separation device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Reference numerals:

[0025] Fuel cell system 1,

[0026] Fuel cell 10, hydrogen inlet 11, air inlet 12, hydrogen outlet 13, air outlet 14,

[0027] Hydrogen supply flow path 20, first pressure sensor 21, first temperature sensor 22, second pressure sensor 23, second temperature sensor 24, third pressure sensor 25, pressure reducing valve 26, hydrogen return assembly 27, first exhaust branch 28,

[0028] Gas-liquid separation device 30, box body 31, box body side wall 311, air inlet 3111, liquid discharge port 3112, box body top wall 312, exhaust port 3121, box body bottom wall 313, installation space 314, baffle 32, adsorption structure 33, first adsorption body 331, second adsorption body 332,

[0029] Drain valve 40, drain flow path 41. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0031] Reference below Figure 1-Figure 2 The fuel cell system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is described. The fuel cell system 1 includes a gas-liquid separation device 30 .

[0032] According to a fuel cell system 1 of a first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the fuel cell system 1 may include: a fuel cell 10, a hydrogen supply flow path 20 and a gas-liquid separation device 30, the fuel cell 10 has a hydrogen inlet 11, an air inlet 12, a hydrogen outlet 13 and an air outlet 14, the hydrogen supply flow path 20 is connected to the hydrogen inlet 11, the gas-liquid separation device 30 includes a box body 31, a baffle 32 and an adsorption structure 33, the box body 31 has a box body side wall 311 and a box body top wall 312, the box body side wall 311 is formed with an air inlet 314, and the air inlet 314 is formed with an air inlet 315. 111 and a drain port 3112, an exhaust port 3121 is formed on the top wall 312 of the box body, the air inlet 3111 is connected to the hydrogen outlet 13, the exhaust port 3121 is connected to the hydrogen supply flow path 20, the adsorption structure 33 is arranged in the box body 31 and is used to adsorb nitrogen, the adsorption structure 33 covers the exhaust port 3121, the baffle 32 is arranged in the box body 31 and is located between the adsorption structure side wall of the adsorption structure 33 and the box body side wall 311, and the baffle 32 is used to separate the liquid in the gas.

[0033] It should be noted that in the related art, air and hydrogen are passed through the fuel cell, and the air and hydrogen react in the fuel cell to produce water vapor. There is a large amount of nitrogen in the air, and the incompletely reacted hydrogen is mixed with the nitrogen. As time accumulates, the hydrogen concentration will decrease, the fuel cell voltage will decrease, and the fuel cell output power will be affected. In addition, water vapor is also mixed in the hydrogen. The existing fuel cell system regularly discharges hydrogen containing nitrogen by setting an exhaust valve, thereby increasing the concentration of hydrogen. However, too much hydrogen will be discharged during the hydrogen discharge process, resulting in a waste of fuel resources.

[0034] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application proposes a fuel cell system 1, wherein the fuel cell 10 may include an anode and a cathode, and the fuel cell 10 has a hydrogen inlet 11, an air inlet 12, a hydrogen outlet 13, and an air outlet 14. The anode of the fuel cell 10 is connected to the hydrogen inlet 1111 and the hydrogen outlet 13, and hydrogen can be introduced into the anode of the fuel cell 10. The cathode of the fuel cell 10 is connected to the air inlet 12 and the air outlet 14, and air can be introduced into the cathode of the fuel cell 10. The hydrogen supply flow path 20 is connected to the hydrogen inlet 11, and hydrogen can enter the fuel cell 10 through the hydrogen supply flow path 20 and the hydrogen inlet 11. As an example, a first pressure sensor 21 and a first temperature sensor 22 may be provided on the hydrogen supply flow path 20 near the hydrogen inlet 11. The first pressure sensor 21 may be used to detect the pressure value of the hydrogen that is about to enter the fuel cell 10, and the first temperature sensor 22 may be used to detect the temperature of the hydrogen that is about to enter the fuel cell 10. Hydrogen reacts chemically with oxygen in the air in the fuel cell 10 to generate water vapor. The air contains a large amount of nitrogen, and the incompletely reacted hydrogen can be mixed with the nitrogen. As time accumulates, more and more nitrogen will affect the concentration of hydrogen in the fuel cell 10, causing the hydrogen concentration to decrease, the voltage of the fuel cell 10 to decrease, and the output power of the fuel cell 10 to be affected. The mixed gas of nitrogen, hydrogen and water vapor can be discharged from the fuel cell 10 through the hydrogen outlet 13. The hydrogen outlet 13 can be connected to the first exhaust branch 28. The first exhaust branch 28 is provided with a gas-liquid separation device 30, and the mixed gas can enter the gas-liquid separation device 30. The gas-liquid separation device 30 can separate hydrogen from nitrogen and water vapor. The water vapor can be condensed into liquid water in the gas-liquid separation device 30, which is beneficial to increase the hydrogen concentration. The gas-liquid separation device 30 is connected to the hydrogen supply flow path 20, and the separated hydrogen can flow back to the hydrogen supply flow path 20 and re-enter the fuel cell 10 to react.

[0035] The gas-liquid separation device 30 may include a box body 31, a baffle 32 and an adsorption structure 33. The box body 31 may include a box body side wall 311 and a box body top wall 312. The box body 31 may be configured as a columnar structure, etc. The gas-liquid separation device 30 may have an air inlet 3111 and a liquid discharge port 3112. The air inlet 3111 and the liquid discharge port 3112 are both provided on the box body side wall 311. The air inlet 3111 and the liquid discharge port 3112 may be spaced apart along the circumference of the box body 31. The mixed gas may enter the gas-liquid separation device 30 through the air inlet 3111. The gas-liquid separation device 30 may also include an exhaust port 3121. The exhaust port 3121 may be provided on the box body top wall 312. When the mixed gas is separated in the gas-liquid separation device 30, the hydrogen with a low density may flow upward, so that it may be discharged from the exhaust port 3121 located on the box body top wall 312. The air inlet 3111 can be connected to the hydrogen outlet 13 through the first exhaust branch 28, and the mixed gas can enter the gas-liquid separation device 30 through the hydrogen outlet 13, the first exhaust branch 28, and the air inlet 3111. The exhaust port 3121 can be connected to the hydrogen supply flow path 20, and the separated hydrogen can enter the hydrogen supply flow path 20 through the exhaust port 3121, and the separated hydrogen can enter the fuel cell 10 again to undergo a chemical reaction, thereby achieving the effect of recycling hydrogen. The drain port 3112 can be connected to the drain flow path 41, and the liquid water separated in the gas-liquid separation device 30 can be discharged from the fuel cell system 1 through the drain port 3112 and the drain flow path 41. As an example, a drain solenoid valve can be provided on the drain flow path 41, and the effect of regularly discharging liquid water can be achieved by controlling the opening and closing of the drain solenoid valve.

[0036] The adsorption structure 33 can be composed of a material that can adsorb nitrogen, such as a molecular sieve or activated carbon. The adsorption structure 33 is arranged inside the box 31. The adsorption structure 33 can be connected to the box 31 by means of clamping, bonding, etc. The adsorption structure 33 can be used to adsorb nitrogen to achieve the effect of separating nitrogen and hydrogen. At least part of the adsorption structure 33 is in contact with the top wall 312 of the box. The adsorption structure 33 can cover the exhaust port 3121, thereby preventing hydrogen mixed with nitrogen from being discharged from the exhaust port 3121, and ensuring that nitrogen cannot be discharged from the exhaust port 3121. The baffle 32 is arranged inside the box 31. The baffle 32 can be connected to the side wall 311 of the box by means of clamping, bolting, etc. The baffle 32 is located between the adsorption structure side wall of the adsorption structure 33 and the box side wall 311. The baffle 32 can condense water vapor in the mixed gas into liquid water, thereby separating water vapor from hydrogen. The liquid water can flow along the baffle 32 and be deposited at the bottom of the box 31 under the action of gravity.

[0037] As an example, a second pressure sensor 23 and a second temperature sensor 24 may be provided on the first exhaust branch 28. The second pressure sensor 23 and the second temperature sensor 24 may both be provided between the hydrogen outlet 13 and the air inlet 3111 of the gas-liquid separation device 30. The second pressure sensor 23 may be used to detect the pressure value of the hydrogen in the first exhaust branch 28, and the first temperature sensor 22 may be used to detect the temperature of the hydrogen in the first exhaust branch 28. The hydrogen supply flow path 20 may also include a third pressure sensor 25, a pressure reducing valve 26 and a hydrogen return assembly 27. The hydrogen supply flow path 20 may be connected to a gas cylinder storing hydrogen. The third pressure sensor 25 may be provided at the connection between the hydrogen supply flow path 20 and the gas cylinder. The third pressure sensor 25 may be used to detect the pressure value of the hydrogen that has just entered the hydrogen supply flow path 20. The third pressure sensor 25 may be communicatively connected to the controller in the fuel cell system 1. The controller controls the pressure reducing valve 26 to operate according to the detection information of the third pressure sensor 25. The pressure reducing valve 26 may reduce the pressure value of the hydrogen in the hydrogen supply flow path 20, thereby adjusting the pressure of the hydrogen in the hydrogen supply flow path 20 so that the pressure value of the hydrogen meets the requirements for the reaction entering the fuel cell 10. The exhaust port 3121 of the gas-liquid separation device 30 can be connected to the hydrogen return assembly 27 in the hydrogen supply flow path 20. The hydrogen return assembly 27 can be used to recycle and recycle the hydrogen filtered by the gas-liquid separation device 30. The hydrogen return assembly 27 can circulate the hydrogen to the hydrogen inlet 11, and the hydrogen enters the interior of the fuel cell 10.

[0038] In the embodiment of the present application, the adsorption structure 33 can adsorb nitrogen in the mixed gas, and the baffle 32 can separate water vapor in the mixed gas. By setting the adsorption structure 33 and the baffle 32 in the gas-liquid separation device 30, the hydrogen, nitrogen and water vapor in the mixed gas can be separated, and the effect of recycling the hydrogen filtered by the gas-liquid separation device 30 can be achieved, thereby increasing the hydrogen concentration, which is conducive to improving the utilization rate of hydrogen and reducing resource waste. Compared with the prior art, the hydrogen exhaust valve and the hydrogen mixing and dilution device are eliminated, the components of the fuel cell system 1 are reduced, the cost is reduced, and the overall integration of the fuel cell system 1 is improved.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the box body 31 has a box body bottom wall 313, and the box body bottom wall 313 and the box body top wall 312 are opposite and spaced apart. The adsorption structure 33 extends along the arrangement direction of the box body bottom wall 313 and the box body top wall 312, and the adsorption structure 33 abuts against the box body bottom wall 313 and the box body top wall 312.

[0040] Along the height direction of the box body 31, the box body top wall 312 and the box body bottom wall 313 are arranged oppositely and spaced apart, and the box body side wall 311 can be annular, and the box body side wall 311 is connected between the box body top wall 312 and the box body bottom wall 313. The adsorption structure 33 extends along the arrangement direction of the box body bottom wall 313 and the box body top wall 312 (i.e., the height direction of the box body 31). After the mixed gas enters the gas-liquid separation device 30, it flows along the height direction of the box body 31. The mixed gas flows through the adsorption structure 33, and the nitrogen is adsorbed by the adsorption structure 33. The hydrogen continues to flow upward until it is discharged from the gas-liquid separation device 30, thereby realizing the separation of hydrogen and nitrogen. The adsorption structure 33 is in contact with the box body bottom wall 313 and the box body top wall 312, which is conducive to improving the coverage of the adsorption structure 33, reducing the probability that the mixed gas is discharged from the gas-liquid separation device 30 without being filtered by the adsorption structure 33, and effectively improving the concentration of hydrogen. Furthermore, the adsorption structure 33 abuts against the bottom wall 313 and the top wall 312 of the box body, which is beneficial to achieving the effect of fixing the adsorption structure 33 .

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the adsorption structure 33 includes: a first adsorption body 331 and a second adsorption body 332, the first adsorption body 331 and the second adsorption body 332 are connected and are located between the second adsorption body 332 and the top wall 312 of the box body, the cross-sectional size of the first adsorption body 331 is larger than the cross-sectional size of the second adsorption body 332, the second adsorption body 332 and the side wall 311 of the box body are spaced apart to form an installation space 314, and the baffle 32 is arranged in the installation space 314.

[0042] The first adsorbent 331 and the second adsorbent 332 can be arranged in sequence along the arrangement direction of the bottom wall 313 and the top wall 312 of the box body. The first adsorbent 331 is located between the top wall 312 and the second adsorbent 332, and the second adsorbent 332 is located between the first adsorbent 331 and the bottom wall 313 of the box body. The first adsorbent 331 abuts against the top wall 312 of the box body, and the second adsorbent 332 abuts against the bottom wall 313 of the box body. The first adsorbent 331 and the second adsorbent 332 can be constructed as an integral structure, and the first adsorbent 331 and the second adsorbent 332 are connected. The cross-sectional size of the first adsorbent 331 is larger than the cross-sectional size of the second adsorbent 332, and the cross-sectional size of the first adsorbent 331 is larger than the cross-sectional size of the exhaust port 3121, and the first adsorbent 331 covers the exhaust port 3121. When the mixed gas enters the box body 31, the mixed gas can first contact with the second adsorbent 332, the second adsorbent 332 preliminarily adsorbs the nitrogen in the mixed gas, and the first adsorbent 331 further adsorbs the remaining nitrogen in the mixed gas, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of the adsorption structure 33 in adsorbing nitrogen, which is beneficial to improving the effect of separating nitrogen from hydrogen. The adsorption structure side wall of the second adsorbent 332 is separated from the box body side wall 311, and an installation space 314 is formed between the second adsorbent 332 and the box body side wall 311. The baffle 32 is arranged in the installation space 314, and the baffle 32 is fixed on the box body side wall 311. Water vapor can condense into liquid water on the baffle 32 and flow to the bottom of the box body 31 under the action of gravity.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the adsorption structure side wall of the first adsorption body 331 is in contact with the box side wall 311 .

[0044] The side wall of the adsorption structure of the first adsorption body 331 is abutted against the side wall 311 of the box body to limit the position. The first adsorption body 331 can be snapped into the inside of the box body 31, so that the first adsorption body 331 will not move along the height direction of the box body 31, thereby achieving the effect of fixing the adsorption structure 33 inside the box body 31, and facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the adsorption structure 33, and achieving the effect of regularly replacing the adsorption structure 33.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first adsorbent body 331 has a first central axis extending along the arrangement direction of the bottom wall 313 and the top wall 312 of the box body, and the second adsorbent body 332 has a second central axis extending along the arrangement direction of the bottom wall 313 and the top wall 312 of the box body, and the first central axis and the second central axis are collinear.

[0046] The first central axis extends along the height direction of the box body 31, the second central axis extends along the height direction of the box body 31, the first central axis and the second central axis are collinear, and the first adsorbent body 331 and the second adsorbent body 332 are coaxially arranged, so that the installation space 314 can be uniformly structured in the box body 31, which is convenient for the arrangement of the baffle 32 in the installation space 314, and is beneficial to increasing the contact area between the adsorption structure 33 and the gas, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the adsorption structure 33 in adsorbing nitrogen.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first adsorbent body 331 and the second adsorbent body 332 are integrally formed.

[0048] The adsorption structure 33 needs to be replaced or cleaned regularly. The adsorption structure 33 can be detachably connected to the box body 31. When the adsorption structure side wall of the first adsorption body 331 abuts against the box body side wall 311 to limit the position, the first adsorption body 331 is connected to the box body 31 by snapping. The first adsorption body 331 and the second adsorption body 332 are integrally formed. By fixing the first adsorption body 331, the effect of simultaneously fixing the second adsorption body 332 can be achieved. And by setting the first adsorption body 331 and the second adsorption body 332 to be integrally formed, the gap between the first adsorption body 331 and the second adsorption body 332 can be reduced, which is conducive to ensuring the adsorption capacity of the adsorption structure 33.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the blocking piece 32 is fixed to the box side wall 311 and is separated from the second adsorption body 332 .

[0050] The baffle 32 can be fixed to the side wall 311 of the box body by means of snap-on, bolt connection, etc., and water vapor can condense into liquid water in the installation space 314. When the water vapor condenses into liquid water on the baffle 32 and flows toward the bottom of the box body 31, the condensed water can flow from the gap between the baffle 32 and the second adsorbent 332 to the bottom of the box body 31, thereby achieving the effect of automatically collecting liquid water. The drain solenoid valve can be opened periodically to allow the liquid water deposited at the bottom of the box body 31 to be discharged from the fuel cell system 1 through the drain path 41.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, the blocking piece 32 extends obliquely toward the second adsorption body 332 from the top wall 312 of the box body to the bottom wall 313 of the box body.

[0052] The baffle 32 is fixedly connected to the side wall 311 of the box body, and the liquid water on the baffle 32 can fall from the gap between the baffle 32 and the second adsorbent body 332. By setting the baffle 32 to extend obliquely from the top wall 312 of the box body to the bottom wall 313 of the box body toward the second adsorbent body 332, the baffle 32 can play a role in guiding the liquid water, and can achieve the effect of automatically falling to the bottom of the box body 31 under the action of gravity, so that the operation of collecting liquid water is simple, which is conducive to improving the efficiency of collecting liquid water.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, there are multiple baffles 32, and the multiple baffles 32 form a multi-layer baffle layer, which is arranged at intervals along the arrangement direction of the bottom wall 313 and the top wall 312 of the box body. Each baffle layer has multiple baffles 32, and the multiple baffles 32 in each layer are arranged around the second adsorbent body 332 along the circumference of the second adsorbent body 332, and any two adjacent baffles 32 in the multiple baffles 32 in each layer are spaced apart to form a flow gap between the two adjacent baffles 32.

[0054] There may be multiple baffles 32, and the multiple baffles 32 may be divided into multiple baffle layers. The multiple baffle layers may be arranged at intervals along the arrangement direction of the bottom wall 313 and the top wall 312 of the box body, and the interval distance between any two adjacent baffle layers may be equal. Each baffle layer may have multiple baffles 32, and the number of baffles 32 in each baffle layer may be the same. The multiple baffles 32 in each baffle layer may be arranged around the second adsorbent body 332 along the circumference of the second adsorbent body 332, and each baffle 32 may be spaced apart from the second adsorbent body 332. Any two adjacent baffles 32 in the multiple baffles 32 in each baffle layer are spaced apart, and the interval distance between any two baffles 32 may be equal. A flow gap is formed between two adjacent baffles 32, and the liquid water condensed in the installation space 314 may flow toward the bottom of the box body 31 through the flow gap, and the mixed gas may flow in the installation space 314 through the flow gap, so that the mixed gas may flow toward the top wall 312 of the box body. The provision of a plurality of baffles 32 is helpful to increase the condensation rate of water vapor and to improve the working efficiency of the gas-liquid separation device 30 .

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, the baffles 32 of a baffle layer and the flow gaps of adjacent baffle layers are opposite to each other along the arrangement direction of the box bottom wall 313 and the box top wall 312 .

[0056] Along the arrangement direction of the bottom wall 313 and the top wall 312 of the box body, the baffles 32 of the baffle layer are staggered with the baffles 32 of the adjacent baffle layer, and the flow gaps of the baffles 32 of the baffle layer and the adjacent baffle layer are arranged relative to each other, which can reduce the flow rate of the mixed gas in the box body 31, which is conducive to increasing the time for water vapor to contact and exchange heat with the baffles 32, thereby improving the condensation efficiency of water vapor, and also conducive to increasing the time for nitrogen molecules to contact with the adsorption structure 33, thereby improving the adsorption efficiency of nitrogen. In addition, the liquid water on the baffle 32 can flow to the baffle 32 of the next baffle layer through the corresponding flow gap, thereby playing the effect of buffering the falling of the liquid water, avoiding the direct impact of the liquid water on the bottom wall 313 of the box body when falling, which is conducive to extending the service life of the box body 31.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, the box side wall 311 has a first side wall and a second side wall opposite to each other. The first side wall is formed with an air inlet 3111 and the second side wall is formed with a liquid discharge port 3112. Both the air inlet 3111 and the liquid discharge port 3112 are adjacent to the box bottom wall 313.

[0058] The box side wall 311 may include a first side wall and a second side wall, the first side wall and the second side wall are arranged oppositely, an air inlet 3111 is formed on the first side wall, the air inlet 3111 may penetrate the first side wall along the thickness direction of the first side wall, a liquid discharge port 3112 is formed on the second side wall, the liquid discharge port 3112 may penetrate the second side wall along the thickness direction of the second side wall, and the air inlet 3111 and the liquid discharge port 3112 may be arranged oppositely. The gas may flow in the direction of the box top wall 312 along the height direction of the box 31, the air inlet 3111 may be adjacent to the box bottom wall 313, and by arranging the air inlet 3111 at the bottom of the box side wall 311, the mixed gas may enter the box 31 from the position of the box side wall 311 near the bottom, which may effectively extend the upward flow path of the mixed gas, and may effectively increase the contact area between the mixed gas and the adsorption structure 33, thereby effectively improving the adsorption rate of nitrogen and effectively improving the concentration of hydrogen. The drain port 3112 may be adjacent to the bottom wall 313 of the box body. When water vapor condenses into liquid water, the liquid water flows downward due to gravity and is deposited at the bottom of the box body 31. The drain port 3112 at the bottom of the box body 31 facilitates the discharge of the liquid water.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention, the adsorption structure 33 is configured as a molecular sieve.

[0060] Molecular sieve is a synthetic hydrated aluminosilicate (zeolite) or natural zeolite with the function of screening molecules. Molecular sieve has many channels with uniform pore sizes and neatly arranged holes. Molecular sieves of different pore sizes separate molecules of different sizes and shapes. Molecular sieve has the advantages of high adsorption capacity, strong selectivity and high temperature resistance. Molecular sieve can be used to adsorb nitrogen. The gas-liquid separation device 30 equipped with molecular sieve can achieve the effect of adsorbing nitrogen, and the molecular sieve can be reused after cleaning, which improves the utilization rate of materials and greatly reduces the material cost.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fuel cell system 1 may further include: a drain valve 40 , which is connected to the drain port 3112 .

[0062] The fuel cell system 1 may further include a drain valve 40 (i.e., a drain solenoid valve in the above embodiment), which may be disposed on the drain flow path 41, and the drain valve 40 is in communication with the drain port 3112. By controlling the opening and closing of the drain valve 40, the effect of controlling the opening and closing of the drain port 3112 may be achieved, and the drain valve 40 may be opened regularly to discharge the liquid water in the gas-liquid separation device 30. The water vapor separated from the mixed gas condenses into liquid water and is deposited at the bottom of the box body 31. When a certain amount of liquid water accumulates at the bottom of the box body 31, the drain valve 40 may be opened to allow the liquid water to flow out through the drain flow path 41.

[0063] A vehicle according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention comprises the fuel cell system 1 in the above embodiment.

[0064] The vehicle according to the embodiment of the present application uses the fuel cell system 1 of the above embodiment, which is beneficial to improving the fuel utilization rate of the vehicle and can ensure that there is no hydrogen in the engine exhaust emissions, which is beneficial to improving the safety of the vehicle.

[0065] Other structures and operations of the fuel cell system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0066] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0067] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fuel cell system, characterized in that: include: A fuel cell (10), wherein the fuel cell (10) has a hydrogen inlet (11), an air inlet (12), a hydrogen outlet (13) and an air outlet (14); a hydrogen supply flow path (20), the hydrogen supply flow path (20) being in communication with the hydrogen inlet (11); A gas-liquid separation device (30), the gas-liquid separation device (30) comprising a box (31), a baffle (32) and an adsorption structure (33), the box (31) having a box side wall (311) and a box top wall (312), the box side wall (311) being formed with an air inlet (3111) and a liquid discharge port (3112), the box top wall (312) being formed with an exhaust port (3121), the air inlet (3111) and the hydrogen outlet (1312) being connected to each other. ), the exhaust port (3121) and the hydrogen supply flow path (20) are connected, the adsorption structure (33) is arranged in the box body (31) and is used to adsorb nitrogen, the adsorption structure (33) covers the exhaust port (3121), the baffle (32) is arranged in the box body (31) and is located between the adsorption structure side wall of the adsorption structure (33) and the box body side wall (311), and the baffle (32) is used to separate liquid from the gas.

2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body (31) has a box body bottom wall (313), the box body bottom wall (313) and the box body top wall (312) are opposite to and spaced apart from each other, the adsorption structure (33) extends along the arrangement direction of the box body bottom wall (313) and the box body top wall (312), and the adsorption structure (33) abuts against both the box body bottom wall (313) and the box body top wall (312).

3. The fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adsorption structure (33) comprises: a first adsorption body (331) and a second adsorption body (332), wherein the first adsorption body (331) and the second adsorption body (332) are connected and located between the second adsorption body (332) and the top wall (312) of the box body, the cross-sectional dimension of the first adsorption body (331) is greater than the cross-sectional dimension of the second adsorption body (332), the second adsorption body (332) and the side wall (311) of the box body are spaced apart to form an installation space (314), and the baffle (32) is arranged in the installation space (314).

4. The fuel cell system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adsorption structure side wall of the first adsorption body (331) is in abutment with the box body side wall (311).

5. The fuel cell system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first adsorption body (331) has a first central axis extending along the arrangement direction of the bottom wall (313) and the top wall (312) of the box body, and the second adsorption body (332) has a second central axis extending along the arrangement direction of the bottom wall (313) and the top wall (312) of the box body, and the first central axis and the second central axis are collinear.

6. The fuel cell system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first adsorbent (331) and the second adsorbent (332) are integrally formed.

7. The fuel cell system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blocking sheet (32) is fixedly mounted on the box side wall (311) and is spaced apart from the second adsorption body (332).

8. The fuel cell system according to claim 7, characterized in that: In a direction from the top wall (312) of the box body to the bottom wall (313) of the box body, the blocking piece (32) extends obliquely toward the second adsorption body (332).

9. The fuel cell system according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are a plurality of baffles (32), and the plurality of baffles (32) form a plurality of baffle layers, and the plurality of baffle layers are arranged at intervals along the arrangement direction of the bottom wall (313) and the top wall (312) of the box body, and each baffle layer has a plurality of baffles (32). The plurality of baffles (32) in each layer are arranged around the second adsorbent body (332) along the circumference of the second adsorbent body (332), and any two adjacent baffles (32) in the plurality of baffles (32) in each layer are spaced apart to form a flow gap between the two adjacent baffles (32).

10. The fuel cell system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The baffles (32) of the baffle layer and the flow gaps of the adjacent baffle layers are opposite to each other along the arrangement direction of the box bottom wall (313) and the box top wall (312).

11. The fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The box side wall (311) has a first side wall and a second side wall that are opposite to each other, the first side wall is formed with the air inlet (3111), the second side wall is formed with the liquid discharge port (3112), and both the air inlet (3111) and the liquid discharge port (3112) are adjacent to the box bottom wall (313).

12. The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The adsorption structure (33) is configured as a molecular sieve.

13. The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: Also includes: A liquid discharge valve (40), wherein the liquid discharge valve (40) is connected to the liquid discharge port (3112).

14. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising a fuel cell system (1) according to any one of claims 1-13.

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