Electric vehicle battery safety structure with bump detection function

Abstract

The invention provides an electric vehicle battery safety structure with a bump detection function, and belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle battery safety, the electric vehicle battery safety structure comprises a shell, a transverse fixing device, a vertical fixing device and a pressure sensor, the shell is mounted on an electric vehicle, a mounting cavity with a top opening is formed in the shell, and the mounting cavity is used for placing a battery module; the transverse fixing device and the vertical fixing device are both arranged in the shell, the pressure sensor is arranged between the transverse fixing device and the shell, the pressure sensor is used for detecting whether the battery module is swelled or not, and the transverse fixing device and the vertical fixing device fix the battery module in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction respectively. The battery clamping mechanism is arranged in the shell, and the two open grooves are formed in the lower surface of the shell, so that water is prevented from entering the shell, a water drainage effect is achieved, and a certain heat dissipation and ventilation effect is achieved on the battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle battery safety, and in particular to an electric vehicle battery safety structure with bulge detection. Background Art

[0002] The widespread use of electric vehicles has brought attention to battery safety issues. Electric vehicles are equipped with battery packs to provide electrical energy. The safety of the battery pack is related to the safety of the entire vehicle. The traditional battery housing structure is single and cannot adapt to batteries of various sizes or capacities. The traditional battery placement structure cannot effectively fix the battery, cannot effectively detect whether the battery has bulges, and cannot ensure the structural safety of the battery, which will cause huge safety hazards. Therefore, it is necessary to design an electric vehicle battery safety structure with bulge detection. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle battery safety structure with bulge detection to solve the technical problem that the existing electric vehicle battery placement structure cannot adapt to the installation of batteries of various sizes and capacities and it is difficult to detect battery bulges.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A battery safety structure for an electric vehicle with bulge detection comprises a shell, a transverse fixing device, a vertical fixing device and a pressure sensor. The shell is installed on the electric vehicle. The shell is provided with an installation cavity with a top opening, and the installation cavity is used to place a battery module. The transverse fixing device and the vertical fixing device are both arranged in the shell. The pressure sensor is arranged between the transverse fixing device and the shell. The pressure sensor is used to detect whether a bulge occurs in the battery module. The transverse fixing device and the vertical fixing device fix the battery module horizontally and vertically respectively.

[0006] Furthermore, the shell is configured as an upper open structure and a lower semi-enclosed structure. The upper open structure is used for battery pack replacement and heat dissipation, and the lower semi-enclosed structure is a semi-enclosed structure to prevent water from entering the shell.

[0007] Furthermore, the transverse fixing device includes a front baffle, a side baffle, a slide rail and a spring. The side baffles are arranged on both sides of the inner side of the shell, the front baffle is clamped in the shell, the slide rail passes through the side baffle and is fixed in the shell, the spring is sleeved on the slide rail and arranged on one side of the front baffle, and the front baffle is arranged in compression contact with one end of the spring.

[0008] Furthermore, the side baffle is vertically arranged with the side baffle, the slide rail and the side baffle are horizontally arranged, the pressure sensor is arranged at the other end of the spring, and the pressure sensor is arranged in compression contact with the inner side of the shell.

[0009] Furthermore, the vertical fixing device includes a pressure strip and a pressure rod device, the pressure rod device is arranged in the front side baffle and the side plate of the shell, the pressure strip is arranged on the side baffle and connected to the upper end of the pressure rod device, and the pressure rod device is arranged on the side plate of the shell and connected to the upper end of the pressure strip.

[0010] Furthermore, the pressure rod device includes a pressure rod, a cylindrical chamber, a pressure rod spring, an upper gasket, a first lower gasket and a second lower gasket. The pressure rod spring is arranged on the outside of the pressure rod. The pressure rod spring drives the pressure rod to be telescopically arranged up and down. The upper end of the pressure rod is connected to the pressure strip.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper side of the retractable pressure rod is fixed in the pressure strip, and the retraction and extension of the pressure rod drives the pressure strip to move up and down. Due to the presence of the spring, the pressure rod will be squeezed to move downward, thereby driving the pressure strip to move downward, pressing the upper part of the battery module, thereby fixing the battery module. The retractable pressure rod enables the battery fixing structure to adapt to larger batteries.

[0012] Furthermore, the pressure sensor is based on the strain effect. When pressure is applied to the pressure sensor, the resistance value of the sensor will change. The change is described by the following formula:

[0013]

[0014] Among them, ΔR is the change of resistance value, K is the sensitivity coefficient, ΔL is the deformation of the strain body, and L is the original length of the strain body;

[0015] When pressure is applied to the sensor, the length of the strain body changes, and this change is described by the following formula:

[0016]

[0017] Where ΔL is the change in length of the strain body, v is Poisson’s ratio, ΔP is the change in pressure, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the sensor, and E is the Young’s modulus of the sensor;

[0018] Combining the operational resistance change, we get the following formula:

[0019]

[0020] The change in the sensor's resistance value results in a change in the output voltage, which is described by the following formula:

[0021] ΔV=ΔR×I

[0022] Where ΔV is the change in output voltage, ΔR is the change in resistance value, and I is the current of the sensor.

[0023] Then we get the formula for the change of pressure value:

[0024]

[0025] Where ΔP is the change in pressure value, ΔV is the change in output voltage, K is the sensitivity coefficient, E is Young's modulus, L is the original length of the strain body, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the sensor, and v is the Poisson's ratio.

[0026] Then the real-time specific value of pressure is obtained, which can be described by the following formula:

[0027] P=P0+ΔP

[0028] Where P0 is the initial pressure measured on the pressure sensor after the battery module is installed, and ΔP is the change in pressure;

[0029] Finally, when the pressure P exceeds the set pressure value P Set When the battery is swollen, a battery swelling signal needs to be sent out, which can be achieved using the following logic judgment formula:

[0030] If P>P Set , a battery swelling signal is sent out, otherwise no signal is sent out;

[0031] Among them, P is the real-time specific value of pressure, P Set is the set pressure value,

[0032] So when P>P Set When the pressure sensor detects a battery bulge, the main controller of the electric vehicle will receive the battery bulge signal, and the controller will convey the battery bulge information to the owner to achieve battery bulge warning.

[0033] The present invention has the following beneficial effects due to the adoption of the above technical solution:

[0034] A battery clamping mechanism is arranged in the shell of the present invention, and two grooves are arranged under the shell, one is to prevent water from entering the shell and play a role in drainage, and the other is to play a certain role in heat dissipation and ventilation for the battery; the battery mechanism is suitable for clamping batteries of various sizes and capacities, and the shell is built-in with a pressure sensor, which is suitable for warning the owner when the battery is bulging; it realizes clamping of batteries of various capacities, increases the usage scenarios, and can detect whether the battery has bulging, further increasing the safety of battery use; the battery mechanism has a certain anti-collision effect on the battery due to the presence of springs and baffles at the front and back and up and down, further protecting the structural safety of the battery; the pressure sensor is not in direct contact with the battery module, avoiding the measurement accuracy of the sensor affected by problems such as battery heating or leakage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electric vehicle battery safety structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the electric vehicle battery safety structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a battery fixing member of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pressure sensor of the present invention in contact with the spring;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pressure rod that can be telescoped up and down according to the present invention.

[0040] In the accompanying drawings, 1 is a shell, 2 is a front baffle, 21 is a side baffle, 3 is a slide rail, 4 is a spring, 5 is a pressure sensor, 6 is a pressure strip, 7 is a pressure rod, 8 is a battery module, 71 is a cylindrical chamber, 72 is a pressure rod spring, 73 is an upper gasket, 74 is a first lower gasket, and 75 is a second lower gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, it should be noted that many details listed in the specification are only for the purpose of enabling the reader to have a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, and these aspects of the present invention can be implemented even without these specific details.

[0042] like Figure 1-5 As shown, an electric vehicle battery safety structure with bulge detection includes a housing 1, a fixing part, a pressure sensor 5 with bulge detection, and a pressure strip 6.

[0043] The housing 1 is used to be installed on an electric vehicle. The housing 1 is provided with a mounting cavity with a top opening. The mounting cavity is used to place a battery module 8. The structure of the housing 1 prevents the battery module 8 from being directly impacted, and can protect the battery module 8 to a certain extent.

[0044] The fixing member is placed in the installation cavity and has a spring 4 for pressing the battery module 8. The fixing member is used to press against the side of the battery module 8. On the one hand, it plays a role of pressing and fixing the battery. On the other hand, the front baffle 2 on the fixing member can be freely extended and retracted on the slide rail 3 under the action of the spring 4, so that the housing 1 structure can adapt to batteries of different capacities.

[0045] The pressure sensor 5 is placed at the connection between the battery housing 1 and the spring 4 on the slide rail 3. The pressure sensor 5 is not in direct contact with the battery module 8, which avoids the measurement accuracy of the sensor being affected by problems such as battery heating or leakage. A special adhesive is used to ensure the close contact between the pressure sensor 5 and the spring 4, which is used to monitor the pressure changes applied by the spring 4 on the slide rail 3 to the pressure sensor 5, so as to determine whether the battery has signs of bulging.

[0046] The structure of the shell 1 is open on the top, semi-enclosed on the bottom, and the rest of the surfaces are closed. The top is open to facilitate the replacement and heat dissipation of the battery pack, and the semi-enclosed structure on the bottom prevents water from entering the shell 1. The fixing part includes a horizontal mounting plate and a vertical pressing plate. The mounting plate and the pressing plate are fixedly connected to form an "L"-shaped structure. The mounting plate is installed at the bottom of the mounting cavity. Two open grooves are provided on the mounting plate to play the role of drainage and heat dissipation to protect the safety of battery use. The pressing plate is used to press against the side of the battery module 8 and is suitable for fixing the side of the battery. The design of the double-layer pressing plate better protects the battery. A slide rail 3 is also provided between the mounting plate and the pressing plate, and the slide rail 3 is suitable for accommodating a spring 4 and a baffle.

[0047] The sides of the mounting plate are provided with slide rails 3, and a front baffle plate 2 for pressing the battery module 8 is provided on the two slide rails 3. The front baffle plate 2 is used to press the front of the battery module 8 to fix the battery module 8. According to the electric vehicle battery safety structure with bulge detection as described in claim 5, it is characterized in that the two slide rails 3 are connected with springs 4, and the springs 4 are used for the extension and contraction of the front baffle plate 2. After the battery module 8 is installed, the springs 4 are tightened, and the elastic force increases to press the battery module 8. The other side of the spring 4 is connected to the pressure sensor 5, and the pressure on the spring 4 is detected by the pressure sensor 5, so as to judge whether the battery has bulges.

[0048] A pressure sensor 5 is placed on one side of the spring 4. The pressure sensor 5 is connected to the electric vehicle control platform. After the battery module 8 is placed, the battery bulging pressure value is set. When the battery bulges, the battery volume increases, causing the spring 4 to shrink and the pressure to increase. The battery controller will receive the battery bulging signal detected by the pressure sensor 5, and then send a battery bulging alarm to the electric vehicle owner. A retractable pressure rod 7 is set in the front and rear baffles. A pressure strip 6 is fixed above the pressure rod 7, which is suitable for fixing the upper part of the battery module 8. Due to the retractability of the pressure rod 7, it is suitable for fixing a battery module 8 of a larger size.

[0049] The invention comprises a shell 1, which is open on the top, semi-closed on the bottom, and closed on the other sides. A battery clamping mechanism and a pressure sensor 5 are arranged in the shell 1. The battery clamping mechanism is suitable for clamping batteries of various sizes or capacities and detecting whether the battery has bulges through the pressure sensor 5. The battery shell 1 has a certain anti-collision effect.

[0050] The battery clamping mechanism comprises: two slide rails 3, the slide rails 3 are arranged in the housing 1; the slide rails 3 are provided with springs 4 and baffles movable on the slide rails 3; the slide rails 3 are suitable for clamping the battery.

[0051] A strain gauge pressure sensor 5 is placed at the connection between the side slide rail 3 and the front side of the shell 1 to detect the pressure applied to the pressure sensor 5 by the spring 4. The mechanism of the strain gauge pressure sensor 5 described in the present invention to detect pressure is that the strain gauge is attached to the surface of the spring 4, and a special adhesive is usually used to ensure the close contact between the strain gauge and the spring 4; when the spring 4 is deformed, it will squeeze the pressure sensor 5 in contact with it, and the pressure will be applied to the pressure-sensitive element on the pressure sensor 5, and the pressure-sensitive element will also be deformed, causing the deformation of the strain body; the deformation of the strain body will cause the change of its resistance value, thereby changing the output voltage or current signal; by measuring the change of the output voltage or current signal, the change of pressure can be detected.

[0052] The formula for detecting pressure by the strain gauge pressure sensor 5 is derived as follows:

[0053] The basic principle of strain gauge pressure sensor 5 is based on the strain effect, that is, when pressure is applied to the sensor, the resistance value of the sensor will change. This change can be described by the following formula:

[0054]

[0055] Among them, ΔR is the change in resistance value, K is the sensitivity coefficient, ΔL is the deformation of the strain body, and L is the original length of the strain body.

[0056] When pressure is applied to the sensor, the length of the strain body changes. This change can be described by the following formula:

[0057]

[0058] Where ΔL is the change in length of the strain body, v is Poisson’s ratio, ΔP is the change in pressure, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the sensor, and E is the Young’s modulus of the sensor.

[0059] Combining the two formulas above, we can get the following formula:

[0060]

[0061] The change in the resistance value of the sensor results in a change in the output voltage, which can be described by the following formula:

[0062] ΔV=ΔR×I

[0063] Where ΔV is the change in output voltage, ΔR is the change in resistance value, and I is the current of the sensor.

[0064] Combining the above formulas, we can get the following formula:

[0065]

[0066] This formula is the basic formula for strain gauge pressure sensor 5 to detect pressure. Among them, ΔP is the change in pressure value, ΔV is the change in output voltage, K is the sensitivity coefficient, E is Young's modulus, L is the original length of the strain body, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the sensor, and v is Poisson's ratio.

[0067] Then the real-time specific value of pressure is obtained, which can be described by the following formula:

[0068] P=P0+ΔP

[0069] Wherein, P0 is the initial pressure measured by the pressure sensor 5 after the battery module 8 is installed, and ΔP is the change in pressure.

[0070] Finally, when the pressure P is detected to exceed the set pressure value PSet, a battery bulging signal needs to be issued. This can be achieved using the following logic judgment formula:

[0071] If P>PSetthen

[0072] Signal of battery swelling

[0073] else

[0074] No signal

[0075] Among them, P is the real-time specific value of pressure, and PSet is the set pressure value.

[0076] Therefore, when P>PSet, the main controller of the electric vehicle will receive the signal that the pressure sensor 5 detects battery bulging, and the controller will convey the battery bulging information to the owner to achieve battery bulging warning.

[0077] The movable baffle on the slide rail 3 and the immovable shell plate on the rear side are built with a pressure rod 7 and a spring 4. A pressure strip 6 is connected above the pressure rod 7. The pressure strip 6 is suitable for fixing the upper part of the battery module 8. The pressure rod 7 can be telescopically moved up and down, and is suitable for fixing batteries of larger size.

[0078] The shell 1 is open on the top and semi-closed on the bottom. Two opening grooves 12 are provided on the lower side, and the rest of the surfaces are closed structures. The interior of the shell 1 is used to place the battery module, which contains the battery fixing parts. The battery fixing part includes a front baffle 2, a lower baffle 21 (one on each side), a slide rail 3 (one on each side), a spring 4 (one on each side), and a pressure strip 6; two retractable pressure rods 7 are embedded in the baffle of the battery fixing part and the rear shell structure, for a total of 4 pressure rods 7, and the pressure strip 6 is above the pressure rod 7, and there are two pressure strips 6 in total.

[0079] The battery clamping structure is the battery fixing part, which is located inside the shell 1. There is a side baffle 21 on each side, which is used to fix the left and right sides of the battery module 8. The slide rail 3 is above the side baffle, and the slide rail 3 is used for the front baffle 2 to slide back and forth. The front baffle 2 is used to fix the battery module 8. The front baffle 2 can slide back and forth and is suitable for fixing battery modules 8 of various capacities, which is applicable to lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries. A spring 4 is installed on the front side of the slide rail 3 for pressing against the shell 1 and the front baffle 2. The elastic force released by the spring can make the front baffle 2 press the front side of the battery module 8, thereby achieving the purpose of fixing the battery, and the battery fixing can clamp batteries of different capacities, meeting the requirements of different car owners for the battery life of electric vehicles, and greatly increasing the usage scenarios.

[0080] The pressure sensor 5 for detecting battery bulging is embedded in the connection between the shell and the left slide rail 3. The pressure sensor 5 is a strain type pressure sensor. The pressure sensor 5 is attached to the spring. When pressure is applied to the spring, the pressure sensor 5 will detect the deformation of the spring, thereby measuring the pressure, which is used to detect the pressure applied to the pressure sensor 5 by the spring 4 mounted on the left slide rail 3. The pressure sensor 5 is connected to the main controller of the electric vehicle. After the battery module 8 is placed in the shell 1, the current bulging pressure value is set. After a period of time, when the battery bulges, the volume of the battery module 8 will increase, which will squeeze the front baffle 2 to move outward, resulting in an increase in the deformation of the spring 4. The pressure sensor detects the increase in pressure. When the pressure is detected to exceed the set bulging pressure value, the controller will receive the battery bulging signal detected by the pressure sensor 5, and then convey the battery bulging information to the owner.

[0081] The structure of the retractable pressure rod 7 that fixes the upper part of the battery module 8 has a total of four parts, which are distributed in pairs on the front baffle 2 and the rear side of the shell 1, including: a pressure rod 7, a cylindrical chamber 71, a spring 72 sleeved on the pressure rod 7, a gasket 73 fixed above the cylindrical chamber 71, a gasket 74 fixed below the pressure rod, and a gasket 75 fixed below the cylindrical chamber 71. The upper side of the retractable pressure rod 7 is fixed in the pressure strip 6. The upward and downward extension of the pressure rod drives the pressure strip to move up and down. Due to the presence of the spring 72, the pressure rod will be squeezed to move downward, thereby driving the pressure strip to move downward and pressing the upper part of the battery module 8, thereby fixing the battery module 8. The presence of the retractable pressure rod 7 allows the battery fixing structure to adapt to batteries with larger sizes, increasing the usage scenarios.

[0082] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle battery safety structure with bulge detection, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing (1), a transverse fixing device, a vertical fixing device and a pressure sensor (5); the housing (1) is installed on an electric vehicle; a mounting cavity with a top opening is provided on the housing (1); the mounting cavity is used to place a battery module (8); the transverse fixing device and the vertical fixing device are both arranged in the housing (1); the pressure sensor (5) is arranged between the transverse fixing device and the housing (1); the pressure sensor (5) is used to detect whether the battery module (8) is bulging; the transverse fixing device and the vertical fixing device respectively fix the battery module (8) in the transverse direction and in the longitudinal direction.

2. The electric vehicle battery safety structure with bulge detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (1) is configured as an upper open structure and a lower semi-enclosed structure. The upper open structure is used for battery pack replacement and heat dissipation, and the lower semi-enclosed structure prevents water from entering the shell (1).

3. The electric vehicle battery safety structure with bulge detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse fixing device comprises a front baffle (2), a side baffle (21), a slide rail (3) and a spring (4); the side baffle (21) is arranged on both sides of the inner side of the shell (1); the front baffle (2) is clamped in the shell (1); the slide rail (3) passes through the side baffle (2) and is fixed in the shell (1); the spring (4) is sleeved on the slide rail (3) and arranged on one side of the front baffle (2); the front baffle (2) is arranged in compression contact with one end of the spring (4).

4. The electric vehicle battery safety structure with bulge detection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side baffle (2) and the side baffle (21) are arranged vertically, the slide rail (3) and the side baffle (21) are arranged horizontally, the pressure sensor (5) is arranged at the other end of the spring (4), and the pressure sensor (5) is arranged in compression contact with the inner side of the housing (1).

5. The electric vehicle battery safety structure with bulge detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical fixing device comprises a pressure strip (6) and a pressure rod device, wherein the pressure rod device is arranged in the front side baffle (2) and in the side plate of the shell (1), the pressure strip (6) is arranged on the side baffle (2) and connected to the upper end of the pressure rod device, and the pressure rod device is arranged on the side plate of the shell (1) and connected to the upper end of the pressure strip (6).

6. The electric vehicle battery safety structure with bulge detection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure rod device comprises a pressure rod (7), a cylindrical chamber (71), a pressure rod spring (72), an upper gasket (73), a first lower gasket (74) and a second lower gasket (75). The pressure rod spring (72) is arranged on the outer side of the pressure rod (7). The pressure rod spring (72) drives the pressure rod (7) to be telescopically arranged up and down. The upper end of the pressure rod (7) is connected to the pressure strip (6).

7. The electric vehicle battery safety structure with bulge detection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper side of the upwardly and downwardly retractable pressure rod (7) is fixed in the pressure strip (6). The upward and downward retraction of the pressure rod (7) drives the pressure strip (6) to move upward and downward. Due to the presence of the spring (72), the pressure rod (7) is pressed to move downward, thereby driving the pressure strip (6) to move downward, pressing the upper part of the battery module (8), thereby playing a role in fixing the battery module (8). The upwardly and downwardly retractable pressure rod (7) enables the battery fixing structure to adapt to batteries with larger sizes.

8. The electric vehicle battery safety structure with bulge detection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure sensor (5) is based on the strain effect. When pressure is applied to the pressure sensor (5), the resistance value of the sensor changes. The change is described by the following formula: Among them, ΔR is the change of resistance value, K is the sensitivity coefficient, ΔL is the deformation of the strain body, and L is the original length of the strain body; When pressure is applied to the sensor, the length of the strain body changes, and this change is described by the following formula: Where ΔL is the change in length of the strain body, v is Poisson’s ratio, ΔP is the change in pressure, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the sensor, and E is the Young’s modulus of the sensor; Combining the operational resistance change, we get the following formula: The change in the sensor's resistance value results in a change in the output voltage, which is described by the following formula: ΔV=ΔR×I Where ΔV is the change in output voltage, ΔR is the change in resistance value, and I is the current of the sensor. Then we get the formula for the change of pressure value: Where ΔP is the change in pressure value, ΔV is the change in output voltage, K is the sensitivity coefficient, E is Young's modulus, L is the original length of the strain body, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the sensor, and v is Poisson's ratio. Then the real-time specific value of pressure is obtained, which can be described by the following formula: P=P0+ΔP Wherein, P0 is the initial pressure measured by the pressure sensor (5) after the battery module (8) is installed, and ΔP is the change in pressure; Finally, when the pressure P exceeds the set pressure value P Set When the battery is swollen, a battery swelling signal needs to be sent out, which can be achieved using the following logic judgment formula: If P>P Set , a battery swelling signal is sent out, otherwise no signal is sent out; Among them, P is the real-time specific value of pressure, P Set is the set pressure value, So when P>P Set When the pressure sensor (5) detects a battery bulge signal, the main controller of the electric vehicle will transmit the battery bulge information to the owner of the vehicle to provide a battery bulge warning.

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