High-efficiency short-pulse fiber laser
By adopting a combined design of the connection mechanism, cooling mechanism and polarization mechanism in the fiber laser, the problems of thermal influence and backward reflected light interference in the fiber laser are solved, and more efficient temperature management and spectral stability are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411348173.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-07
AI Technical Summary
Existing fiber lasers generate a lot of heat when they are stimulated in the resonant cavity to generate laser light, causing changes in ambient temperature to affect spectral stability, and the backward reflected light interferes with the formation and stability of normal modes.
Designs include connection mechanisms, cooling mechanisms and polarization mechanisms. The connecting mechanism realizes a stable connection of the laser through the mating of the threaded groove and the slot, the cooling mechanism reduces the temperature gradient through the combination of the shunt plate and the reflux plate, and the polarization mechanism filters the back reflected light through the filter groove and the interference member.
It effectively reduces temperature gradient and thermal stress, improves spectral stability and laser beam stability, and enhances the output performance of the laser by filtering backward reflected light.
Smart Images
Figure CN119401198A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a field related to optical fiber lasers, and in particular to a high-efficiency short-pulse optical fiber laser. Background Art
[0002] As an important branch of laser technology, fiber laser has made remarkable progress since its birth in the 1960s with the continuous development of fiber optic communication technology, fiber manufacturing process and laser technology. Among them, high-efficiency short-pulse fiber laser has shown broad application prospects in many fields such as material processing, medicine, and military due to its unique advantages. Fiber laser mainly uses rare earth-doped optical fiber as gain medium. These rare earth ions such as Er 3 +, Yb 3 +、Nd 3 +、Pr 3 +、Tm 3 +, Ho3+, etc., through the action of pump light, a high power density is formed in the fiber core, so that the energy level of the doped rare earth ions forms a "particle number inversion", and then the laser is generated in the resonant cavity by stimulated radiation. The basic structure of the fiber laser includes a pump source, a gain medium and a cavity mirror, wherein the pump light is emitted by the LD (laser diode), enters the optical fiber through the fiber coupler, and excites the doped element atoms in the optical fiber. However, in the prior art, a large amount of heat is generated in the process of generating lasers by stimulated radiation in the resonant cavity, which in turn causes changes in the ambient temperature, which also affects the spectral stability of the fiber laser. Too high or too low ambient temperature may cause changes in the thermal stress of the internal components of the laser, thereby causing spectral drift, and in the fiber laser, the laser beam may encounter reflections from the fiber end face, optical components, etc. during transmission, forming back-reflected light. These back-reflected lights may re-enter the laser resonant cavity and interfere with the formation and stabilization of normal modes. However, in the heat dissipation of the laser, most of the cooling liquid enters from one end to absorb heat and flows out from the other end to release heat. However, this kind of heat dissipation is very likely to produce a temperature gradient difference, which in turn causes thermal stress to damage the internal components of the laser. Summary of the invention
[0003] The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a high-efficiency short-pulse optical fiber laser.
[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a high-efficiency short-pulse fiber laser, comprising: a connecting mechanism, a cooling mechanism arranged inside the connecting mechanism, and a polarization mechanism arranged at one end of the connecting mechanism,
[0005] The connection mechanism includes: a connection component and a connection cavity provided inside the connection component; a plurality of thread grooves are evenly provided in the connection cavity, and the thread grooves are meshed with the circumference of the laser; a clamping groove is provided on the circumference of the laser;
[0006] The cooling mechanism includes: a plurality of cooling cavities, and a plurality of turbulent flow components arranged inside the cooling cavities; the cooling cavities are opened on the circumference of the connecting cavity, the cooling cavities are used to cool the laser, and the turbulent flow components are used to adjust the cooling unevenness;
[0007] The polarization mechanism comprises: a filter slot and an interference piece arranged inside the filter slot; the interference piece is threadedly connected to one end of the connecting component, the filter slot is used for filtering back reflected light, and the interference piece is arranged in a cone shape.
[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, movable holes are evenly opened around the connecting component, and the connecting mechanism also includes a driving component, which is slidably connected to the movable holes, and the driving component is engaged with a slot on the laser, and the driving component is used to control the forward and backward movement of the laser.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving assembly includes a movable shaft, a driving cavity fixedly connected to the movable shaft, and a self-locking member arranged in the driving cavity; a plurality of embedding grooves are evenly arranged on the circumference of the self-locking member, a clamping member is arranged in the embedding groove, and a spring is arranged between the clamping member and the embedding groove.
[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the self-locking member includes a worm wheel, a worm rod meshing with the worm wheel, and a servo motor driving the worm rod; the worm wheel is arranged in a ring shape.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the turbulence component includes several groups of turbulence parts, and the turbulence parts include return plates and diverter plates. The return plates and diverter plates are arranged in an eight-shaped shape. The return plates and diverter plates are arranged alternately, and the spacing between the front ends of the eight-shaped diverter plates is smaller than the spacing of the return plates.
[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filter tank is configured as a square tank body, and a plurality of polarizing filters are stacked in the filter tank. The transmission direction of the filter tank is consistent with the polarization direction of the laser, and a lens is configured in the middle of the filter tank body to adjust the refractive index.
[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of smooth hemispherical grooves are formed on the conical surface of the interference member, and the surface of the hemispherical grooves is made of metal coating.
[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes an adjustment system, which includes a control unit, a detection unit and a processing unit. The detection unit is arranged on the inner side of the connecting cavity to detect the temperature of the laser, and the control unit is used to control the servo motor to rotate and adjust the distance between the laser and the middle lens of the filter tank.
[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment method of the adjustment system is specifically as follows:
[0016] S1: Cooling liquid is passed into the cooling chamber to cool the laser. The detection unit detects the temperature at each position of the laser and transmits the data to the processing unit;
[0017] S2: The processing unit performs real-time calculations on the received temperature data. When a temperature difference occurs, the control unit controls the movement of the laser and adjusts the distance between the laser and the middle lens of the filter slot.
[0018] The present invention solves the defects existing in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects:
[0019] (1) The present invention provides a high-efficiency short-pulse fiber laser. Through the coordinated use of the reflection groove and the interference element, as well as the hemispherical groove on the interference element, when back-reflected light is reflected back, most of it can be filtered by the filter groove, but there will still be a small part that is consistent with the polarization direction of the polarizer, so it can still enter the filter groove. After entering the filter groove, it will pass through the interference element, and then be reflected back again by the hemispherical groove coated with a metal film on the interference element. The reflected back-reflected light will interfere with the light reflected back by the surface of the object, thereby causing a change in the polarization direction, so that it cannot pass through the filter groove, thereby achieving the effect of filtering the back-reflected light and improving the stability of the output laser beam.
[0020] (2) The present invention provides a high-efficiency short-pulse fiber laser. Through the mutual cooperation between the splitter plate, the reflux plate and the cooling chamber, when the coolant enters the cooling chamber, the splitter plate forms a flow diversion for the coolant, and the coolant is divided into three streams. The coolant in the middle flows out directly from the middle position of the opening of the splitter plate, and the other two streams flow to both sides along the eight-shaped splitter plate and flow to the reflux plate. Since the end of the reflux plate is sealed with the cooling chamber, the coolant refluxes again and mixes with the subsequent coolant in the middle, which is equivalent to the coolant with a lower temperature at the back absorbing part of the heat of the coolant in front, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the upstream and downstream, thereby avoiding the generation of temperature gradient to a great extent, resulting in thermal strain caused by thermal stress inside the laser, causing thermal imbalance of the optical element, and reducing the optical performance of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0022] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 2 The internal structure of the cooling chamber of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0024] In the figure: 1. connecting mechanism; 2. cooling mechanism; 3. polarization mechanism; 4. filter tank; 5. interference piece; 6. cooling chamber; 7. diverter plate; 8. return plate; 9. connecting component; 10. connecting cavity; 11. driving cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0026] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0027] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.
[0028] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood by specific circumstances.
[0029] As shown in the figure, a high-efficiency short-pulse fiber laser includes: a connecting mechanism, a cooling mechanism arranged inside the connecting mechanism, and a polarization mechanism arranged at one end of the connecting mechanism.
[0030] The connection mechanism includes: a connection component and a connection cavity provided inside the connection component; a plurality of thread grooves are evenly provided in the connection cavity, and the thread grooves are meshed with the circumference of the laser; a clamping groove is provided on the circumference of the laser;
[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, movable holes are evenly opened around the connecting component, and the connecting mechanism also includes a driving component, which is slidably connected to the movable holes, and the driving component is engaged with a slot on the laser, and the driving component is used to control the forward and backward movement of the laser.
[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving assembly includes a movable shaft, a driving cavity fixedly connected to the movable shaft, and a self-locking member arranged in the driving cavity; a plurality of embedding grooves are evenly arranged on the circumference of the self-locking member, a clamping member is arranged in the embedding groove, and a spring is arranged between the clamping member and the embedding groove.
[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the self-locking member includes a worm wheel, a worm rod meshing with the worm wheel, and a servo motor driving the worm rod; the worm wheel is arranged in a ring shape.
[0034] It should be noted that the movable hole is arranged parallel to the cooling cavity, and the movable shaft can be inserted into the movable hole, so as to fix the driving component and the connecting component together. When the self-locking part is arranged on the inner side of the driving part, the worm gear and the worm gear are rotatably connected with the driving cavity, and the worm gear and the worm gear are meshed with each other. The servo motor is fixedly connected with the worm gear to drive the worm gear to rotate. A plurality of embedding grooves are provided on the inner side of the circumference of the worm wheel, and the embedding grooves are slidably connected with the clamping parts. A spring is fixedly connected between the clamping parts and the embedding grooves. A clamping groove is provided on the circumference of the laser. When the laser passes through the inner side of the worm wheel and meshes with the thread groove inside the connecting cavity, the clamping groove on the circumference of the laser forms a clamping connection with the clamping part, so that when the servo motor rotates, the worm gear and the worm gear are driven to rotate, and then the laser is driven to rotate on the thread groove of the connecting cavity through the clamping part. While rotating, the laser moves forward or backward, thereby driving the movable shaft to move forward and backward in the movable hole.
[0035] The cooling mechanism includes: a plurality of cooling cavities, and a plurality of turbulent flow components arranged inside the cooling cavities; the cooling cavities are opened on the circumference of the connecting cavity, the cooling cavities are used to cool the laser, and the turbulent flow components are used to adjust the cooling unevenness;
[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the turbulence component includes several groups of turbulence parts, and the turbulence parts include return plates and diverter plates. The return plates and diverter plates are arranged in an eight-shaped shape. The return plates and diverter plates are arranged alternately, and the spacing between the front ends of the eight-shaped diverter plates is smaller than the spacing of the return plates.
[0037] It should be noted that the cooling chamber is evenly opened on the circumference of the connecting chamber, and coolant is added from both ends of the cooling chamber during the cooling process. The middle part of the cooling chamber is connected, and an output hole is opened in the middle position of the bottom cooling chamber, and the coolant flows out from the output hole, thereby dividing the cooling chamber into two sections. The turbulent component also arranged in the cooling chamber is also provided with two ends, and is symmetrically arranged. The turbulent component is composed of several turbulent parts, and the turbulent parts include two return plates and two diverter plates. The return plate and the diverter plate are both plate-shaped, and the length of the return plate is greater than the length of the diverter plate. The return plate and the diverter plate are both arranged in an eight-shaped shape. The two openings of the eight-shaped shape are the narrow end at the upper end and the wide end at the lower end, respectively. The return plate and the diverter plate are arranged alternately, and the spacing of the narrow ends of the diverter plate is smaller than the spacing of the narrow ends of the return plate. The ends are fixedly connected to the cooling cavities on both sides to form a seal, and the narrow ends of the diverter plate and the reflux plate are both facing the inlet of the coolant. Therefore, when the coolant enters the cooling cavity, the diverter plate diverts the coolant and divides the coolant into three streams. The coolant in the middle flows out directly from the middle position of the opening of the diverter plate, and the other two streams flow to both sides along the eight-shaped diverter plate and flow to the reflux plate. Since the end of the reflux plate is sealed with the cooling cavity, the coolant refluxes again and mixes with the subsequent coolant in the middle, which is equivalent to the coolant with a lower temperature at the back absorbing part of the heat of the coolant in front, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the upstream and downstream, thereby avoiding the generation of temperature gradients to a great extent, resulting in thermal strain caused by thermal stress inside the laser, causing thermal imbalance of optical components, and reducing the optical performance of the equipment.
[0038] The polarization mechanism comprises: a filter slot and an interference piece arranged inside the filter slot; the interference piece is threadedly connected to one end of the connecting component, the filter slot is used for filtering back reflected light, and the interference piece is arranged in a cone shape.
[0039] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filter tank is configured as a square tank body, and a plurality of polarizing filters are stacked in the filter tank. The transmission direction of the filter tank is consistent with the polarization direction of the laser, and a lens is configured in the middle of the filter tank body to adjust the refractive index.
[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of smooth hemispherical grooves are formed on the conical surface of the interference member, and the surface of the hemispherical grooves is made of metal coating.
[0041] It should be noted that the polarization mechanism includes a filter groove, an interference member and a connecting ring. The interference member is arranged in a conical shape, and a plurality of hemispherical grooves are provided on its outer surface, that is, on the side close to the filter groove. The surface of the hemispherical grooves is coated with a layer of metal coating. The connecting ring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the interference member, and a thread is provided on the connecting ring. A thread is also provided on the connecting assembly. The thread on the connecting ring is engaged with the thread on the connecting assembly, so that the polarization mechanism and the connecting assembly are fixedly connected. The filter groove is arranged as a square groove body, and the interference member is fixedly connected to the inside of the filter groove, and the filter groove is made of a polarizing filter. When back-reflected light is reflected back, most of it can be filtered by the filter groove, but there will still be a small part that is consistent with the polarization direction of the polarizing filter, so that it can still enter the filter groove. After entering the filter groove, it will pass through the interference member, and then be reflected back again by the hemispherical groove coated with a metal coating on the interference member, and the reflected back-reflected light will interfere with the light reflected back by the surface of the object, thereby causing a change in the polarization direction, so that it cannot pass through the filter groove, thereby achieving the effect of filtering the back-reflected light.
[0042] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes an adjustment system, which includes a control unit, a detection unit and a processing unit. The detection unit is arranged on the inner side of the connecting cavity to detect the temperature of the laser, and the control unit is used to control the servo motor to rotate and adjust the distance between the laser and the middle lens of the filter tank.
[0043] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment method of the adjustment system is specifically as follows: the coolant is passed into the cooling chamber to cool the laser, the detection unit detects the temperature at various positions of the laser, and transmits the data to the processing unit; the coolant is passed into the cooling chamber to cool the laser, the detection unit detects the temperature at various positions of the laser, and transmits the data to the processing unit.
[0044] It should be noted that during the use of the laser, the coolant is passed into the cooling chamber to cool the laser. The detection unit detects the temperature at various positions of the laser and transmits the data to the processing unit. The coolant is passed into the cooling chamber to cool the laser. The detection unit detects the temperature at various positions of the laser and transmits the data to the processing unit. When the coolant enters the cooling chamber, the diverter plate diverts the coolant and divides the coolant into three streams. The coolant in the middle flows directly out from the middle position of the diverter plate opening, and the other two streams flow to both sides along the figure-eight diverter plate and flow to the return plate. Since the end of the return plate is sealed with the cooling chamber, the coolant refluxes again and mixes with the subsequent coolant in the middle, which is equivalent to the coolant with a lower temperature at the back absorbing part of the heat of the coolant in front, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the upstream and downstream.
[0045] The above is based on the ideal embodiment of the present invention. Through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A high-efficiency short-pulse fiber laser, comprising: A connecting mechanism, a cooling mechanism arranged inside the connecting mechanism, and a polarizing mechanism arranged at one end of the connecting mechanism, characterized in that: The connection mechanism includes: a connection component and a connection cavity provided inside the connection component; a plurality of thread grooves are evenly provided in the connection cavity, and the thread grooves are meshed with the circumference of the laser; a clamping groove is provided on the circumference of the laser; The cooling mechanism includes: a plurality of cooling cavities, and a plurality of turbulent flow components arranged inside the cooling cavities; the cooling cavities are opened on the circumference of the connecting cavity, the cooling cavities are used to cool the laser, and the turbulent flow components are used to adjust the cooling unevenness; The polarization mechanism comprises: a filter slot and an interference piece arranged inside the filter slot; the interference piece is threadedly connected to one end of the connecting component, the filter slot is used for filtering back reflected light, and the interference piece is arranged in a cone shape.
2. A high-efficiency short-pulse fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting component is evenly provided with moving holes around, and the connecting mechanism also includes a driving component, which is slidably connected with the moving holes, and is engaged with a slot on the laser, and is used to control the forward and backward movement of the laser.
3. A high-efficiency short-pulse fiber laser according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving assembly includes a moving shaft, a driving cavity fixedly connected to the moving shaft, and a self-locking member arranged in the driving cavity; a plurality of embedding grooves are evenly opened on the circumference of the self-locking member, a clamping member is arranged in the embedding groove, and a spring is arranged between the clamping member and the embedding groove.
4. A high-efficiency short-pulse fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-locking part comprises a worm wheel, a worm rod meshing with the worm wheel, and a servo motor driving the worm rod; the worm wheel is arranged in a ring shape.
5. A high-efficiency short-pulse fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turbulence assembly includes several groups of turbulence parts, which include return plates and diverter plates. The return plates and diverter plates are arranged in an eight-shaped shape. The return plates and diverter plates are arranged alternately, and the spacing between the front ends of the eight-shaped diverter plates is smaller than the spacing of the return plates.
6. A high-efficiency short-pulse fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter tank is in the shape of a square tank body. The filter tank is stacked with several polarizing filters. The transmission direction of the filter tank is consistent with the polarization direction of the laser. A lens is arranged in the middle of the filter tank body to adjust the refractive index.
7. A high-efficiency short-pulse fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of smooth hemispherical grooves are formed on the conical surface of the interference piece, and the surface of the hemispherical grooves is made of metal coating.
8. A high-efficiency short-pulse fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an adjustment system, which includes a control unit, a detection unit and a processing unit. The detection unit is arranged on the inner side of the connecting cavity to detect the temperature of the laser. The control unit is used to control the servo motor to rotate and adjust the distance between the laser and the middle lens of the filter tank.
9. A high-efficiency short-pulse fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific adjustment method of the adjustment system is: S1: Cooling liquid is passed into the cooling chamber to cool the laser. The detection unit detects the temperature at each position of the laser and transmits the data to the processing unit; S2: The processing unit performs real-time calculations on the received temperature data. When a temperature difference occurs, the control unit controls the movement of the laser and adjusts the distance between the laser and the middle lens of the filter slot.