Battery pack, management method and device and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery pack, a management method, a management device and a medium, and relates to the field of charging and discharging design. The battery pack collects the voltage of a battery pack and an external capacitive load or a parallel operation bus in real time before parallel operation, a control module is used for carrying out closed-loop regulation on the voltage and current of a charging and discharging loop, and the maximum current limiting value of charging and discharging is dynamically adjusted according to the temperature of a battery cell and the SOC. The situation that in a traditional design, due to the fact that a huge load capacitor instantly absorbs energy or SOC difference of a parallel operation system, a main switch circuit bears instantaneous impact current is effectively avoided. Through current closed-loop control of the charging and discharging loop, the main switch circuit of the battery pack is conducted only when the preset condition is reached, the current impact phenomenon at the moment when the main switch circuit is closed is avoided, stable operation of the system is ensured, the problem of pre-charging failure when a plurality of inverters and batteries are in parallel operation at the same time and the cold system is started is avoided; and the problem of circulating current impact between the battery packs caused by inconsistent SOC and voltage during dynamic parallel operation of the battery packs is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of charge and discharge design, and in particular to a battery pack, a management method, a device and a medium. Background Art

[0002] In communication base station power supplies and household energy storage power supplies, a common design is to use multiple low-voltage battery packs in parallel to increase the overall system's charging and discharging power and storage energy. Since the system is usually equipped with multiple inverters, and the input capacitance of each inverter is large, when multiple inverters are connected in parallel, the overall input capacitance value will increase significantly.

[0003] In this case, during the cold start process of the parallel system, if the traditional resistor pre-charging is continued and the main MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-SemiconductorField-Effect Transistor) is closed after the port voltage reaches a preset ratio of the target voltage, the huge input capacitor will absorb a large amount of current in an instant, which may cause the main MOSFET of a single battery pack to withstand an instantaneous impact current of several hundred amperes. This excessive instantaneous current may not only trigger the hardware short-circuit protection mechanism of the battery pack, causing the pre-charging process to fail, but also may cause the main MOSFET to fail due to the excessive current, thereby causing more serious system problems.

[0004] Even if there are no abnormalities during the cold start of the system, during the operation of the system, due to the inconsistent current, temperature and performance attenuation of each battery pack in the parallel system, some battery packs may be kicked out of the parallel system due to recoverable faults (battery overheating, etc.), and then be reintegrated into the system due to differences in SOC (State of Charge) and voltage, resulting in battery pack circulation shock problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery pack, management method, device and medium, which utilizes a control module to perform voltage and SOC charge and discharge balance processing between the battery pack and the system before the charge and discharge main switch circuit is closed, utilizes a charge and discharge current limiting circuit to perform closed-loop regulation of voltage and current, and dynamically adjusts the maximum current limiting value of the charge and discharge current limiting circuit according to the battery cell temperature and SOC, thereby effectively avoiding the situation in which the main MOSFET is subjected to impact current at the moment of closing due to the instantaneous current of the capacitor load or the inconsistent state of the battery during dynamic parallel operation in the traditional design. Through the closed-loop control of the charge and discharge current limiting circuit, the main switch circuit is turned on only when the preset conditions are met between the battery pack and the system, ensuring the smooth operation of the system, solving the problem of instantaneous current impact, and avoiding the damage of the main MOSFET and the problem of system pre-charging failure.

[0006] In one aspect, the present application provides a battery pack, comprising:

[0007] Battery pack, charging and discharging circuit, main switch circuit and control module;

[0008] The battery pack comprises a plurality of battery cells connected in series, the output positive end of the first battery cell is the output positive end of the battery pack, which is respectively connected to the first end of the charge and discharge circuit, the first end of the capacitive load and / or the output positive end of other battery packs, the output negative end of the last battery cell is the output negative end of the battery pack, which is respectively connected to the second end of the charge and discharge circuit and the first end of the main switch circuit, and the third end of the charge and discharge circuit is respectively connected to the second end of the main switch circuit, the second end of the capacitive load and / or the output negative end of other battery packs; the control module is respectively connected to the control end of the charge and discharge circuit and the control end of the main switch circuit;

[0009] The control module is used to obtain the first sampling voltage of each battery group and / or the second sampling voltage of the capacitive load in real time when the battery pack is started to charge the capacitive load and / or the battery pack is connected to the other battery packs, and perform voltage closed-loop regulation on the charge and discharge circuit according to the first sampling voltage and / or the second sampling voltage; dynamically determine the maximum current limit value according to the battery MAP during the charging or discharging process of the charge and discharge circuit, and perform current closed-loop regulation on the charge and discharge circuit according to the maximum current limit value and the charge and discharge sampling current obtained in real time; when the sampling voltage meets the preset conditions, turn on the main switch circuit to connect the battery pack to the capacitive load and / or the other battery packs.

[0010] Optionally, the charge-discharge circuit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a first inductor, a first diode and a second diode, and the main switch circuit includes a third transistor and a fourth transistor;

[0011] The cathode of the first diode is respectively connected to the cathode of the second diode and the output positive terminal of the first battery cell, the anode of the first diode is respectively connected to the first end of the first transistor and the first end of the first inductor, the anode of the second diode is respectively connected to the first end of the second transistor and the second end of the first inductor, the second end of the first transistor is respectively connected to the first end of the third transistor and the output negative terminal of the last battery cell, the second end of the third transistor is connected to the first end of the fourth transistor, the second end of the second transistor is connected to the second end of the fourth transistor and serves as the output negative terminal of the battery pack;

[0012] The control module is respectively connected to the control end of the first transistor, the control end of the second transistor, the control end of the third transistor and the control end of the fourth transistor.

[0013] Optionally, also include:

[0014] A sampling resistor is arranged between the negative output terminal of the last battery cell and the second terminal of the charge and discharge loop;

[0015] A current amplification processing module, the input end of which is respectively connected to the two ends of the sampling resistor, and the output end of which is connected to the control module;

[0016] The current amplification processing module is used to amplify the sampling current passing through the sampling resistor.

[0017] Optionally, the control module includes:

[0018] A main processor, whose output end is respectively connected to the input end of the sub-processor and the control end of the charging and discharging circuit, is used to receive external instructions and / or obtain the first sampled voltage of each battery pack and / or the second sampled voltage of the capacitive load in real time, determine the working mode according to the external instructions and / or the two sampled voltages, and send the determined working mode information to the sub-processor; and control the main switch circuit according to the sampled voltage;

[0019] The output end of the secondary processor is connected to the control end of the charge and discharge circuit, and is used to perform voltage closed-loop regulation on the charge and discharge circuit according to the two sampled voltages when receiving the working mode information sent by the main processor; during the charging or discharging process of the charge and discharge circuit, dynamically determine the maximum current limit value according to the battery MAP, and perform current closed-loop regulation on the charge and discharge circuit according to the maximum current limit value and the charge and discharge sampling current obtained in real time.

[0020] Optionally, the main processor is also used to perform voltage closed-loop regulation on the charge and discharge circuit according to the determined working mode information and the two sampled voltages when the secondary processor fails; during the charging or discharging process of the charge and discharge circuit, dynamically determine the maximum current limit value according to the battery MAP, and perform current closed-loop regulation on the charge and discharge circuit according to the maximum current limit value and the charge and discharge sampling current acquired in real time.

[0021] On the other hand, the present application provides a battery pack management method, which is applied to the battery pack as described above, and the battery pack management method includes:

[0022] When the battery pack is started to charge the capacitive load and / or the battery pack is connected to other battery packs, a first sampled voltage of each battery pack and / or a second sampled voltage of the capacitive load is acquired in real time, and a voltage closed-loop regulation is performed on the charge and discharge circuit according to the first sampled voltage and the second sampled voltage;

[0023] During the charging or discharging process of the charging and discharging circuit, the maximum current limit value is dynamically determined according to the battery MAP, and the current closed-loop regulation of the charging and discharging circuit is performed according to the maximum current limit value and the charging and discharging sampling current obtained in real time;

[0024] When the sampled voltage meets a preset condition, the main switch circuit is closed to connect the battery pack to the capacitive load and / or the other battery packs.

[0025] Optionally, the charge-discharge circuit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, a first inductor, a first diode and a second diode;

[0026] The cathode of the first diode is connected to the cathode of the second diode and the output positive terminal of the first battery cell respectively, the anode of the first diode is connected to the first terminal of the first transistor and the first terminal of the first inductor respectively, the anode of the second diode is connected to the first terminal of the second transistor and the second terminal of the first inductor respectively, the second terminal of the first transistor is connected to the first terminal of the third transistor and the output negative terminal of the last battery cell respectively, the second terminal of the third transistor is connected to the first terminal of the fourth transistor, the second terminal of the second transistor is connected to the second terminal of the fourth transistor and serves as the output negative terminal of the battery pack;

[0027] When the battery pack is started to charge the capacitive load, a first sampled voltage of each battery pack and / or a second sampled voltage of the capacitive load is acquired in real time, and a voltage closed-loop regulation is performed on the charge-discharge circuit according to the first sampled voltage and the second sampled voltage, including:

[0028] When the battery pack is started to charge the capacitive load, a first sampling voltage of the current battery pack and a second sampling voltage of the capacitive load are acquired in real time, wherein the first sampling voltage includes the first battery pack sampling voltage and the second battery pack sampling voltage;

[0029] When the difference between the first sampling voltage and the second sampling voltage is greater than a preset value, the first transistor is periodically driven according to a PWM signal, and the second transistor is controlled to be turned on, the third transistor is turned off, and the fourth transistor is controlled to be turned off, so that the battery pack charges the load capacitor;

[0030] When the difference between the first sampling voltage and the second sampling voltage is not greater than the preset value, controlling the first transistor to be turned off and the second transistor to be turned off, so that the battery pack stops charging the load capacitor;

[0031] When the sampled voltage meets a preset condition, closing the main switch circuit so that the battery pack is connected to the capacitive load includes:

[0032] When the difference between the first sampling voltage and the second sampling voltage is not greater than the preset value, the third transistor and the fourth transistor are controlled to be turned on, so that the battery pack is connected to the capacitive load.

[0033] Optionally, when the battery pack is connected to other battery packs, a first sampled voltage of each battery pack and / or a second sampled voltage of the capacitive load is acquired in real time, and a voltage closed-loop regulation is performed on the charge and discharge circuit according to the first sampled voltage and the second sampled voltage, including:

[0034] Acquire a first battery group sampled voltage of a current battery pack and a second battery group sampled voltage of the other battery packs;

[0035] When the difference between the first battery pack sampling voltage and the second battery pack sampling voltage is greater than the preset value, the first transistor is periodically driven according to the PWM signal, and the second transistor is controlled to be turned on, the third transistor is turned off, and the fourth transistor is turned off, so that the current battery pack charges the other battery packs; when the difference between the first battery pack sampling voltage and the second battery pack sampling voltage is not greater than the preset value, the first transistor is controlled to be turned off, and the second transistor is controlled to be turned off, so that the current battery pack stops charging the other battery packs;

[0036] When the difference between the second battery pack sampling voltage and the first battery pack sampling voltage is greater than the preset value, the second transistor is periodically driven according to the PWM signal, and the first transistor is controlled to be turned on, the third transistor is controlled to be turned off, and the fourth transistor is controlled to be turned off, so that the other battery packs charge the current battery pack; when the difference between the second battery pack sampling voltage and the first battery pack sampling voltage is not greater than the preset value, the first transistor is controlled to be turned off, and the second transistor is controlled to be turned off, so that the other battery packs stop charging the current battery pack;

[0037] When the sampled voltage meets a preset condition, the main switch circuit is closed to connect the battery pack to the capacitive load and / or the other battery pack, including:

[0038] When the difference between the first battery pack sampling voltage and the second battery pack sampling voltage is not greater than the preset value, the third transistor and the fourth transistor are controlled to be turned on, so that the current battery pack is connected to the other battery packs.

[0039] On the other hand, the present application provides a battery management device, comprising:

[0040] Memory for storing computer programs;

[0041] The processor is used to implement the steps of the battery management method as described above when executing a computer program.

[0042] On the other hand, the present application provides a non-volatile storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and the computer program implements the steps of the battery management method as described above when executed by a processor.

[0043] The present invention provides a battery pack, a management method, a device and a medium, and relates to the field of charge and discharge design. The battery pack in the scheme collects the voltage of the battery group and the external capacitive load or the parallel bus in real time before parallel connection, and uses a control module to perform closed-loop regulation of the voltage and current of the charge and discharge circuit, and dynamically adjusts the maximum current limit of the charge and discharge according to the battery cell temperature and SOC, thereby effectively avoiding the situation in the traditional design where the main switch circuit is subjected to instantaneous impact current due to the huge load capacitor absorbing energy instantly or the SOC difference of the parallel system. Through the current closed-loop control of the charge and discharge circuit, the main switch circuit of the battery pack is turned on only when the preset conditions of the pre-charge process of the capacitive load and the dynamic parallel process of the battery system are met, avoiding the instantaneous current impact phenomenon when the main switch circuit is closed, ensuring the smooth operation of the system, avoiding the problem of pre-charge failure when multiple inverters and batteries are connected in parallel at the same time and the cold system is started, and the problem of circulating current impact between battery packs caused by inconsistent SOC and voltage when the battery pack is dynamically connected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 A flow chart of a battery pack management method provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3A schematic diagram of current flow when an inverter provided by the present invention is started;

[0048] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of current flow when the voltage of a battery pack to be incorporated is lower than the voltage of an already paralleled battery pack provided by the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of current flow when the voltage of a battery pack to be incorporated is greater than the voltage of a parallel battery pack provided by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 A specific flow chart of a battery pack management method provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The core of the present invention is to provide a battery pack, management method, device and medium, and use a control module to perform closed-loop regulation of voltage and current on the charge and discharge circuit, and dynamically adjust the maximum current limit value, thereby effectively avoiding the situation in the traditional design where the huge input capacitor instantly absorbs a large amount of current, causing the main MOSFET to be subjected to instantaneous impact current. Through closed-loop control of the current, the main switch circuit is turned on only when the pre-charging process meets the preset conditions, ensuring the smooth operation of the system, avoiding damage to the main MOSFET and pre-charging failure, and thus solving the problem of instantaneous current impact.

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] On the one hand, if Figure 1As shown, the present application provides a battery pack, including: a battery pack 11, a charge and discharge circuit 12, a main switch circuit 13 and a control module 14; the battery pack 11 includes a plurality of battery cells connected in series, the output positive end of the first battery cell is the output positive end of the battery pack, which is respectively connected to the first end of the charge and discharge circuit 12, the first end of the capacitive load and / or the output positive end of other battery packs, the output negative end of the last battery cell is the output negative end of the battery pack, which is respectively connected to the second end of the charge and discharge circuit 12 and the first end of the main switch circuit 13, and the third end of the charge and discharge circuit 12 is respectively connected to the third end of the main switch circuit 13. The control module 14 is connected to the control end of the charge and discharge loop 12 and the control end of the main switch circuit 13 respectively; the control module 14 is used to obtain the first sampling voltage of each battery group 11 and / or the second sampling voltage of the capacitive load in real time when the battery pack is started to charge the capacitive load and / or the battery pack is connected to other battery packs, and perform voltage closed-loop regulation on the charge and discharge loop 12 according to the first sampling voltage and / or the second sampling voltage; during the charging or discharging process of the charge and discharge loop 12, the maximum current limit value is dynamically determined according to the battery MAP (Maximum Power Point), and the current closed-loop regulation of the charge and discharge loop 12 is performed according to the maximum current limit value and the charge and discharge sampling current obtained in real time; when the sampling voltage meets the preset conditions, the main switch circuit 13 is turned on to connect the battery pack to the capacitive load and / or other battery packs.

[0054] The battery pack provided in this embodiment accurately controls the charge and discharge circuit 12 and the main switch circuit 13 through the control module 14 to ensure the safe operation of the battery pack. The core principle is to collect the voltage of the battery pack 11 and the capacitive load in real time, and dynamically adjust the voltage and current of the charge and discharge circuit 12 using a closed-loop control mechanism to avoid damage to the main MOSFET of the battery pack due to excessive instantaneous current.

[0055] The specific working process is as follows: when the battery pack is started and is ready to charge the capacitive load, and / or multiple battery packs are connected in parallel, the control module 14 will obtain the first sampled voltage of each battery pack 11 in real time, and / or obtain the second sampled voltage from the capacitive load. These sampled voltages are used to monitor the real-time status of the battery pack 11 and / or the capacitor. According to the first sampled voltage and / or the second sampled voltage collected in real time, the control module 14 performs voltage closed-loop regulation on the charge and discharge circuit 12 to ensure that the battery pack is charged and discharged within a stable voltage range. The closed-loop regulation adjusts the charging voltage through feedback so that the system can respond to voltage fluctuations and maintain smooth operation. During the charge and discharge process, the control module 14 dynamically determines the maximum current limit value based on the battery's MAP (dynamic performance index) to prevent excessive current shocks. At the same time, the control module 14 will also perform current closed-loop regulation on the charge and discharge circuit 12 based on the charge and discharge current values ​​collected in real time to further limit the current to ensure safety. When the sampled voltage meets preset conditions (for example, reaches a ratio of the target voltage), the control module 14 turns on the main switch circuit 13, allowing the battery pack to be safely connected to the capacitive load and / or other battery packs to complete parallel and / or charging operations.

[0056] It should be noted that the main switch circuit 13 is directly related to the connection and disconnection of the battery pack, and has a huge impact on the safety and reliability of the system. The main function of the main switch circuit 13 is to connect the battery pack to the system at an appropriate time to avoid damage caused by excessive instantaneous impact current. It is usually composed of switching devices such as MOSFET (field effect transistor), and is turned on or off by the signal of the control module 14. When the battery pack starts to charge the capacitive load and / or is connected in parallel with other battery packs, the voltage of each battery pack 11 and / or capacitor is detected. When the voltage reaches a preset condition (such as reaching a certain proportion of the target voltage, or the difference between the target voltage and the target voltage is less than a preset value), the main switch circuit 13 is turned on under the instruction of the control module 14, so that the battery pack can be smoothly connected to the load and / or parallel structure. This process requires extremely precise timing control, because premature turn-on will cause the battery pack to be subjected to excessive instantaneous impact current, which may cause the breakdown failure of the MOSFET, while too late turn-on may cause pre-charge failure. Therefore, the function of the main switch circuit 13 is not only to complete the physical connection and disconnection, but also an important part of the protection mechanism of the entire system. By cooperating with the charge and discharge circuit 12 and the control module 14, the safe and efficient operation of the entire system is ensured.

[0057] Specifically, the coordination process of the charge and discharge circuit 12 and the control module 14 includes: obtaining the sampled voltage of the battery pack 11 and / or the capacitive load in real time through the control module 14, and using the voltage closed-loop regulation to ensure that the voltage reaches the preset safety condition before turning on the main switch circuit 13. The control module 14 dynamically adjusts the maximum current limit value and monitors the charge and discharge current in real time to ensure that the main switch circuit 13 is connected only when the voltage and current meet the safety range to avoid excessive instantaneous impact current. In this way, through precise voltage and current control, the timing of connecting and disconnecting the main switch circuit 13 is ensured to be accurate, avoiding system damage or pre-charging failure.

[0058] It should also be noted that the battery pack can be connected to the capacitive load (specifically the capacitive load of the inverter) and other battery packs at the same time. When the system is cold started, a machine will charge the large capacitor of the inverter. After the pre-charging is completed, other battery packs will be gradually integrated into the entire system.

[0059] Through this workflow, the battery pack can effectively cope with the instantaneous impact current problem when multiple inverters are connected in parallel, protecting the main MOSFET from damage, while ensuring the smooth and safe operation of the entire system.

[0060] As a preferred embodiment, the charge and discharge circuit 12 includes a first transistor Q1, a second transistor Q2, a first inductor L1, a first diode D1 and a second diode D2, and the main switch circuit 13 includes a third transistor Q3 and a fourth transistor Q4; the cathode of the first diode D1 is respectively connected to the cathode of the second diode D2 and the output positive terminal of the first battery cell, the anode of the first diode D1 is respectively connected to the first end of the first transistor Q1 and the first end of the first inductor L1, the anode of the second diode D2 is respectively connected to the first end of the second transistor Q2 and the second end of the first inductor L1, the second end of the first transistor Q1 is respectively connected to the first end of the third transistor Q3 and the output negative terminal of the last battery cell, the second end of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the first end of the fourth transistor Q4, the second end of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the second end of the fourth transistor Q4 and serves as the output negative terminal of the battery pack; the control module 14 is respectively connected to the control end of the first transistor Q1, the control end of the second transistor Q2, the control end of the third transistor Q3 and the control end of the fourth transistor Q4.

[0061] In this preferred embodiment, the charge and discharge circuit 12 and the main switch circuit 13 work together through multiple transistors and diodes to achieve charge and discharge control and safe access to the battery pack. The first transistor Q1, the second transistor Q2 and the first inductor L1 in the charge and discharge circuit 12 together form a typical dual-transistor inductor Buck-Boost circuit structure for adjusting the output voltage and current of the battery pack. The first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 control the storage and release of energy respectively, while the first inductor L1 is used to smooth current fluctuations to ensure stable energy transmission. The two diodes (the first diode D1 and the second diode D2) prevent current backflow through their respective conduction and cutoff behaviors, ensure unidirectional current flow, improve system efficiency, and avoid unnecessary power loss.

[0062] The third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 in the main switch circuit 13 are responsible for controlling the connection and disconnection of the battery pack. Their function is to ensure the correct connection of the battery pack with other battery packs and / or capacitive loads during the charging or discharging process. The on and off timing of these two transistors is precisely controlled by the control module 14 to ensure that the battery pack is connected to the system only when the voltage and current meet the preset conditions. Through such control, the main switch circuit 13 can be turned on when the instantaneous impact current is low, avoiding the impact of excessive current on the circuit.

[0063] The working process includes: when the control module 14 starts the charging or discharging operation, the first transistor Q1 or the second transistor Q2 is first closed-loop controlled through the voltage signal collected in real time to adjust the output voltage and current of the charging and discharging circuit 12. At this time, the energy in the inductor is gradually accumulated or released to ensure that the current changes smoothly. When the sampled voltage meets the preset conditions, the control module 14 controls the conduction of the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4, so that the battery pack is safely connected to the capacitive load and / or other battery packs, thereby completing the charging and discharging operation. Throughout the process, the control module 14 continuously monitors the changes in voltage and current, dynamically adjusts the conduction time of each transistor, and ensures the efficient and safe operation of the system.

[0064] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes: a sampling resistor, which is arranged between the output negative terminal of the last battery cell and the second terminal of the charge and discharge circuit 12; a current amplification processing module, whose input terminal is respectively connected to the two ends of the sampling resistor and whose output terminal is connected to the control module 14; and a current amplification processing module, which is used to amplify the sampling current passing through the sampling resistor.

[0065] In this preferred embodiment, a sampling resistor and a current amplification processing module are added to achieve accurate monitoring of the current during the charging and discharging process of the battery pack. The sampling resistor is used to monitor the current passing through the battery pack in real time. When the current flows through the sampling resistor, according to Ohm's law, a voltage drop proportional to the current will be generated on the resistor. Since the voltage value is usually small and not enough to be used directly for control or monitoring, a current amplification processing module is introduced. The function of the current amplification processing module is to amplify the weak voltage signal on the sampling resistor so that the control module 14 can accurately read and analyze the current signal. By amplifying the processed signal, the control module 14 can obtain accurate current data in real time and dynamically adjust the working state of the charging and discharging circuit 12 and the main switch circuit 13. For example, during the charging process, the control module 14 will adjust the conduction time of the first and second transistors Q2 according to the sampled current to ensure that the current remains within a safe range and avoid excessive current from causing damage to the battery pack or the system.

[0066] The workflow includes: when the battery pack starts to charge and discharge, the current flows through the sampling resistor and generates a voltage signal across the resistor. This signal is amplified by the current amplification processing module, and the amplified current signal is then transmitted to the control module 14. Based on this signal, the control module 14 analyzes the current changes in real time, and adjusts the working state of the transistors in the charge and discharge circuit 12 according to the analysis results to ensure that the system operates within a safe current range. During the whole process, the sampling resistor and the current amplification processing module work together to provide the control module 14 with accurate current data, making the charge and discharge operation more stable and reliable.

[0067] As a preferred embodiment, the control module 14 includes: a main processor, whose output end is respectively connected to the input end of the sub-processor and the control end of the charge and discharge circuit 12, for receiving external instructions and / or obtaining the first sampling voltage of each battery pack 11 and / or the second sampling voltage of the capacitive load in real time, determining the working mode according to the external instructions and / or the two sampling voltages, and sending the determined working mode information to the sub-processor; and controlling the main switching circuit 13 according to the sampling voltage; a sub-processor, whose output end is connected to the control end of the charge and discharge circuit 12, for performing voltage closed-loop regulation on the charge and discharge circuit 12 according to the two sampling voltages when receiving the working mode information sent by the main processor; during the charging or discharging process of the charge and discharge circuit 12, the maximum current limit value is dynamically determined according to the battery MAP, and the current closed-loop regulation of the charge and discharge circuit 12 is performed according to the maximum current limit value and the charge and discharge sampling current obtained in real time.

[0068] In this preferred embodiment, the control module 14 adopts a dual processor architecture of a main processor and a sub-processor to achieve more efficient battery pack charge and discharge management and control. The main processor is responsible for overall control and decision-making, and its main task is to receive external instructions or determine the working state of the system by collecting the sampled voltage of the battery pack 11 and the sampled voltage of the capacitive load. Based on this information, the main processor will determine the working mode of the system (such as charging, discharging or standby mode) and pass the working mode information to the sub-processor. In addition, the main processor is also responsible for controlling the conduction or disconnection of the main switch circuit 13 according to the voltage data collected in real time, ensuring that the battery pack is connected to the system under appropriate conditions.

[0069] The main task of the sub-processor is to perform more precise voltage and current regulation on the charge and discharge circuit 12. After receiving the working mode information transmitted by the main processor, the sub-processor first performs voltage closed-loop regulation on the charge and discharge circuit 12 according to the collected voltage signal to ensure that the output voltage remains within the target range. During the charge and discharge process, the sub-processor also dynamically monitors the battery MAP (battery management parameter) to determine the maximum current limit value, and performs current closed-loop regulation according to the actual collected current signal to ensure that the charge and discharge current is always within a safe range.

[0070] The workflow includes: when receiving external instructions or detecting changes in battery voltage / load voltage, the main processor first processes these data, analyzes the current state of the system and determines the appropriate working mode (such as charging or discharging). Then, the main processor sends this working mode information to the sub-processor, and controls the on or off of the main switch circuit 13 according to the collected voltage signal. After receiving the working mode information, the sub-processor maintains the stability of the charge and discharge circuit 12 through voltage closed-loop regulation, and performs current closed-loop regulation according to the battery MAP and real-time current signal to ensure that the current does not exceed the safety limit.

[0071] Throughout the entire process, the dual-processor architecture has a clear division of labor. The main processor is responsible for decision-making and key control, and the secondary processor is responsible for performing specific voltage and current adjustments to ensure efficient and safe operation of the system.

[0072] As a preferred embodiment, the main processor is also used to perform voltage closed-loop regulation on the charge and discharge circuit 12 according to the determined working mode information and two sampled voltages when the secondary processor fails; during the charging or discharging process of the charge and discharge circuit 12, the maximum current limit value is dynamically determined according to the battery MAP, and the current closed-loop regulation of the charge and discharge circuit 12 is performed according to the maximum current limit value and the charge and discharge sampling current acquired in real time.

[0073] In this preferred embodiment, in order to enhance the reliability and redundancy of the system, the main processor has the ability to take over when the secondary processor fails. Normally, the secondary processor is responsible for closed-loop regulation of voltage and current of the charge-discharge circuit 12, but when the secondary processor fails or fails, the main processor can automatically take over this task to ensure that the system can continue to operate normally.

[0074] When the sub-processor fails to work properly, the main processor will perform voltage closed-loop regulation on the charge and discharge circuit 12 according to the predetermined working mode information and the two sampled voltages collected (the first sampled voltage of the battery pack 11 and the second sampled voltage of the capacitive load) to ensure that the output voltage is within a safe range. At the same time, the main processor will also dynamically monitor the battery management parameters (battery MAP), calculate and determine the maximum current limit value during the charge and discharge process in real time. On this basis, the main processor will analyze the collected charge and discharge current signals in real time, adjust the working state of the charge and discharge circuit 12 according to the current value, and implement current closed-loop regulation. In this way, even if the sub-processor fails, the main processor can still effectively control the current and voltage to ensure the safety and stability of the system.

[0075] The workflow includes: when the sub-processor operates normally, the sub-processor is responsible for the closed-loop control of voltage and current, and the main processor determines the working mode and performs overall control. However, if the sub-processor fails, the main processor will immediately take over the functions of the sub-processor, first adjusting the voltage according to the two sampled voltage data to ensure that the output voltage remains within the target range. At the same time, the main processor dynamically calculates the maximum current limit value based on the battery MAP and current current information to prevent excessive current from damaging the battery or system. By monitoring the current in real time and adjusting the charge and discharge circuit 12, the main processor can maintain the safe operation of the system until the sub-processor recovers or the fault is eliminated.

[0076] This redundant design ensures that the system can still operate reliably even if a hardware failure occurs, avoiding system downtime or damage caused by secondary processor failure.

[0077] On the other hand, Figure 2 The present application provides a battery pack management method, which is applied to the battery pack as described above. The battery pack management method includes:

[0078] S11: when the battery pack is started to charge the capacitive load and / or the battery pack is connected to other battery packs, obtaining in real time a first sampled voltage of each battery pack and / or a second sampled voltage of the capacitive load, and performing voltage closed-loop regulation on the charge and discharge circuit according to the first sampled voltage and the second sampled voltage;

[0079] This step is used to ensure that the system's charge and discharge circuit can accurately regulate voltage by sampling the real-time voltage of the battery pack and the capacitive load. The principle of this process relies on the voltage closed-loop control mechanism, that is, by continuously monitoring the voltage of the battery pack and the capacitive load, the output voltage of the charge and discharge circuit can be adjusted at any time to keep it within a stable and safe range.

[0080] First, when the battery pack starts to charge the capacitive load and / or is connected to other battery packs, the first sampled voltage of each battery pack and the second sampled voltage of the capacitive load can be collected by the sensor. These sampled voltages reflect the current state of the battery pack and the required state of the capacitive load. Based on these voltage signals, the control module will determine whether the current voltage deviates from the preset target value, and adjust the voltage output by adjusting the power devices in the charge and discharge circuit so that the output voltage gradually approaches the target voltage. Through this closed-loop regulation, dynamic conditions such as battery pack voltage fluctuations and load changes can be effectively responded to, ensuring that the battery pack can provide electrical energy to the load at a stable voltage under different working conditions.

[0081] S12: During the charging or discharging process of the charge-discharge circuit, the maximum current limit value is dynamically determined according to the battery MAP, and the current closed-loop regulation of the charge-discharge circuit is performed according to the maximum current limit value and the charge-discharge sampling current obtained in real time;

[0082] This step is used to dynamically determine the maximum current limit of the charge and discharge circuit, and to perform current closed-loop regulation of the charge and discharge circuit based on the real-time sampled current. The principle of this process is based on the battery management system's continuous monitoring of battery performance and operating status, as well as the analysis of battery management parameters (battery MAP).

[0083] First, during the charging and discharging process, the current sampling values ​​passing through the charging and discharging circuit are obtained in real time, and these values ​​reflect the actual current situation. At the same time, the battery MAP provides characteristic data of the battery pack in different states, such as battery capacity, temperature, health status, etc. Based on this information, a maximum current limit value in the current state can be dynamically determined. This maximum current limit value is determined based on the safe operating range and charging and discharging characteristics of the battery, and is intended to prevent the battery from heating, damage or safety hazards caused by excessive current. Once the maximum current limit value is determined, the maximum current limit value is compared with the sampled current obtained in real time. If the detected current exceeds the set maximum current limit value, the control module will quickly take measures to reduce the output current by adjusting the power components in the charging and discharging circuit, so as to keep the charging and discharging current within a safe range. This closed-loop regulation mechanism ensures that the system can respond to current changes instantly, ensures that the battery pack always maintains a safe current level during the charging and discharging process, prevents the occurrence of overcurrent, and effectively manages the battery charging rate during the charging process to extend the battery life.

[0084] S13: When the sampled voltage meets a preset condition, the main switch circuit is closed to connect the battery pack to the capacitive load and / or other battery packs.

[0085] This step is used to determine when to close the main switch circuit based on the real-time sampling voltage monitoring results to connect the battery pack to the capacitive load and / or other battery packs. The principle of this process is based on real-time monitoring and evaluation of the voltage status to ensure that the battery pack connection is completed under safe and efficient conditions.

[0086] Specifically, the first sampled voltage of each battery pack and the second sampled voltage of the capacitive load are continuously monitored. These voltage values ​​provide important information about the current state of the battery pack and the capacitive load requirements. During the process of the battery pack starting to charge the capacitive load and / or connecting with other battery packs, the control module analyzes these sampled voltages and compares them with the preset target voltage. If the sampled voltage meets the preset conditions, that is, the voltage of the battery pack and the voltage of the capacitive load are close to the target value, it will trigger the operation of closing the main switch circuit.

[0087] The timing of closing the main switch circuit is critical, as closing it too early or too late may cause system instability or safety hazards. When the conditions are met, the control module turns on the main switch circuit to enable the battery pack to effectively connect to the capacitive load and / or other battery packs to complete the effective transfer and sharing of energy. In this process, closed-loop regulation and real-time monitoring of voltage ensure that the battery pack will not experience voltage shock when connected to the load, thereby protecting the battery pack and its connected components from damage.

[0088] In addition, this monitoring and regulation mechanism can also improve the charging and discharging efficiency of the system, ensuring that the battery pack can provide power to the load in the best state. It can be seen that this embodiment not only realizes the safe connection between the battery pack and the load through the precise control and management of the voltage, but also optimizes the overall energy management process and enhances the reliability and responsiveness of the system.

[0089] As a preferred embodiment, the charge-discharge circuit 12 includes a first transistor Q1, a second transistor Q2, a third transistor Q3, a fourth transistor Q4, a first inductor L1, a first diode D1 and a second diode D2;

[0090] The cathode of the first diode D1 is respectively connected to the cathode of the second diode D2 and the output positive terminal of the first battery cell, the anode of the first diode D1 is respectively connected to the first terminal of the first transistor Q1 and the first terminal of the first inductor L1, the anode of the second diode D2 is respectively connected to the first terminal of the second transistor Q2 and the second terminal of the first inductor L1, the second terminal of the first transistor Q1 is respectively connected to the first terminal of the third transistor Q3 and the output negative terminal of the last battery cell, the second terminal of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the first terminal of the fourth transistor Q4, the second terminal of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the second terminal of the fourth transistor Q4 and serves as the output negative terminal of the battery pack;

[0091] When the battery pack is started to charge the capacitive load, the first sampled voltage of each battery pack 11 and / or the second sampled voltage of the capacitive load are obtained in real time, and the voltage closed-loop regulation of the charge and discharge circuit 12 is performed according to the first sampled voltage and the second sampled voltage, including:

[0092] When the battery pack is started to charge the capacitive load, a first sampled voltage of the current battery pack 11 and a second sampled voltage of the capacitive load are acquired in real time;

[0093] When the difference between the first sampling voltage and the second sampling voltage is greater than a preset value, the first transistor Q1 is periodically driven according to the PWM signal, and the second transistor Q2 is controlled to be turned on, the third transistor Q3 is turned off, and the fourth transistor Q4 is controlled to be turned off, so that the battery pack 11 charges the load capacitor;

[0094] When the difference between the first sampling voltage and the second sampling voltage is not greater than a preset value, the first transistor Q1 is controlled to be turned off and the second transistor Q2 is controlled to be turned off, so that the battery pack 11 stops charging the load capacitor;

[0095] When the sampled voltage meets the preset condition, the main switch circuit 13 is closed to connect the battery pack to the capacitive load, including:

[0096] When the difference between the first sampling voltage and the second sampling voltage is not greater than a preset value, the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 are controlled to be turned on, so that the battery pack is connected to the capacitive load.

[0097] In a preferred embodiment, the charge and discharge circuit 12 realizes efficient control and voltage regulation of the charging process of the battery pack 11 through a series of transistor and diode components. The whole process is based on real-time monitoring of the first sampled voltage of the battery pack 11 and the second sampled voltage of the capacitive load to ensure that the battery pack 11 can safely and effectively charge the load capacitor.

[0098] like Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown, when the battery pack is started to charge the capacitive load, the first sampled voltage of the current battery pack 11 and the second sampled voltage of the capacitive load are obtained in real time. The difference between the two will be used to evaluate the necessity and effectiveness of charging. If the difference is greater than the preset value, it means that the voltage of the battery pack 11 is higher than the requirement of the load capacitor, and the first transistor Q1 will be periodically driven by the PWM signal, thereby controlling the second transistor Q2 to turn on, and the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 to turn off. At this time, the current flows from the battery pack 11 to the load capacitor for charging. In this way, the battery pack 11 provides the required electrical energy to the load capacitor while ensuring the stability of the charging process.

[0099] On the contrary, when the difference between the first sampling voltage and the second sampling voltage is not greater than the preset value, the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 are controlled to be turned off, thereby stopping the battery pack 11 from charging the load capacitor. This dynamic control mechanism not only improves energy utilization efficiency, but also avoids overcharging, thereby protecting the life and safety of the battery pack 11.

[0100] When the preset conditions are met, the main switch circuit 13 is closed (that is, the control module 14 controls the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 to be turned on), so that the battery pack can be effectively connected to the capacitive load, thereby realizing the connection between the battery pack and the capacitive load. At this time, the battery pack can stably supply power to the capacitive load.

[0101] In summary, the design of this charging and discharging circuit 12 ensures the efficient and safe operation of the battery pack under different working conditions through real-time monitoring and dynamic control, which not only improves the reliability of the charging process, but also enhances the responsiveness and adaptability of the entire system.

[0102] As a preferred embodiment, when a battery pack (corresponding to the first battery group 11) is connected to another battery pack (corresponding to the second battery group 11), a first sampled voltage of each battery group 11 and / or a second sampled voltage of the capacitive load is obtained in real time, and a voltage closed-loop regulation is performed on the charge and discharge circuit 12 according to the first sampled voltage and the second sampled voltage, including:

[0103] Acquire the first battery group sampling voltage of the current battery pack and the second battery group sampling voltage of other battery packs, where the first sampling voltage includes the first battery group sampling voltage and the second battery group sampling voltage;

[0104] When the difference between the first battery pack sampling voltage and the second battery pack sampling voltage is greater than a preset value, the first transistor Q1 is periodically driven according to the PWM signal, and the second transistor Q2 is controlled to be turned on, the third transistor Q3 is turned off, and the fourth transistor Q4 is controlled to be turned off, so that the current battery pack charges other battery packs; when the difference between the first battery pack sampling voltage and the second battery pack sampling voltage is not greater than a preset value, the first transistor Q1 is controlled to be turned off, and the second transistor Q2 is controlled to be turned off, so that the current battery pack stops charging other battery packs;

[0105] When the difference between the second battery pack sampling voltage and the first battery pack sampling voltage is greater than a preset value, the second transistor Q2 is periodically driven according to the PWM signal, and the first transistor Q1 is controlled to be turned on, the third transistor Q3 is turned off, and the fourth transistor Q4 is controlled to be turned off, so that other battery packs charge the current battery pack; when the difference between the second battery pack sampling voltage and the first battery pack sampling voltage is not greater than a preset value, the first transistor Q1 is controlled to be turned off, and the second transistor Q2 is controlled to be turned off, so that other battery packs stop charging the current battery pack;

[0106] When the sampled voltage meets the preset condition, the main switch circuit 13 is closed to connect the battery pack to the capacitive load and / or other battery packs, including:

[0107] When the difference between the first battery pack sampling voltage and the second battery pack sampling voltage is not greater than a preset value, the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 are controlled to be turned on, so that the current battery pack is connected to other battery packs.

[0108] In this preferred embodiment, when the battery pack is connected to other battery packs, the first sampled voltage of each battery group 11 is obtained in real time to achieve voltage closed-loop regulation of the charge and discharge circuit 12. The specific process starts with measuring the first battery group sampled voltage of the current battery pack and the second battery group sampled voltage of the other battery pack connected thereto. By comparing the voltage difference between the two battery groups 11, it is determined whether a charging or discharging operation is required.

[0109] like Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, first of all, it is necessary to understand that the first sampling voltage includes the first battery pack sampling voltage (the sampling voltage of the battery pack to be incorporated) and the second battery pack sampling voltage (the sampling voltage of the parallel battery pack). On this basis, if the difference between the sampling voltage of the first battery pack 11 (the battery pack to be incorporated) and the sampling voltage of the second battery pack 11 (the parallel battery pack) is greater than the preset value, it means that the voltage of the current battery pack is higher than the voltage of other battery packs. The first transistor Q1 will be periodically driven by the PWM signal to control the second transistor Q2 to turn on, while the third and fourth transistors Q4 remain in the off state, so that the current battery pack charges other battery packs. During this period, the charging current flows from the current battery pack to other battery packs to ensure the effective transfer of electrical energy.

[0110] On the contrary, when the difference between the sampled voltage of the first battery pack 11 and the sampled voltage of the second battery pack 11 is not greater than the preset value, the first and second transistors Q2 are controlled to be turned off to stop the current battery pack from charging other battery packs. This dynamic adjustment mechanism ensures the stability and safety of the battery pack 11 during the charging process.

[0111] In addition, if Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, when the difference between the second battery pack sampling voltage of other battery packs and the first battery pack sampling voltage of the current battery pack is greater than the preset value, it indicates that the voltage of the other battery pack is higher than the current battery pack, and the second transistor Q2 will be driven according to the PWM signal, and the first transistor Q1 will be turned on, while the third and fourth transistors Q4 will be turned off, so as to allow other battery packs to charge the current battery pack. If the difference is not greater than the preset value at this time, the first and second transistors Q2 will be cut off to stop the charging process.

[0112] When the sampled voltage meets the preset condition, the main switch circuit 13 will be closed to enable the current battery pack to be connected to other battery packs. That is, when the difference between the sampled voltage of the first battery pack 11 and the sampled voltage of the second battery pack 11 is not greater than the preset value, the control module 14 will instruct the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 to be turned on, so that the current battery pack is successfully connected to other battery packs, realizing the interaction and sharing of electric energy.

[0113] It should be noted that when two battery packs are connected, if the voltage difference between them is too large, a large current may flow, which may not only damage the internal circuits and components of the battery pack, but also cause serious safety hazards such as thermal runaway and fire. Therefore, in order to protect the battery pack and ensure the stable operation of the system, before the two battery packs are connected, if the voltage difference is greater than the preset value, appropriate charging must be performed between the battery packs to balance their voltage levels. Specifically, when the voltage of the current battery pack is higher than that of other battery packs, the current battery pack charges the other battery packs. This process controls the direction of current flow to charge the battery pack with lower voltage, thereby reducing its voltage difference. At this time, the flow of current is natural and safe, because the battery pack with high voltage provides power and the battery pack with low voltage receives power. Conversely, if the voltage of other battery packs is higher than that of the current battery pack, the voltage difference is further eliminated by allowing other battery packs to charge the current battery pack. When the voltage difference is less than the preset value, the battery packs are allowed to be connected in parallel to ensure that the connection between the battery packs is safe.

[0114] This mechanism not only effectively avoids the risks caused by voltage differences, but also protects the internal structure and safety of the battery pack through reasonable current management. In addition, through this dynamic charging and voltage monitoring mechanism, the charging and discharging strategy can be adjusted in real time to adapt to different working conditions, ensuring the safe, stable and efficient operation of the battery pack during the parallel operation process.

[0115] On the other hand, the present application provides a battery management device, comprising:

[0116] Memory for storing computer programs;

[0117] The processor is used to implement the steps of the battery management method as described above when executing a computer program.

[0118] For an introduction to the battery management device, please refer to the above embodiments, and this application will not go into details here.

[0119] On the other hand, the present application provides a non-volatile storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the battery management method described above are implemented. For the introduction of the non-volatile storage medium, please refer to the above embodiment, and the present application will not repeat it here.

[0120] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the statement "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0121] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that: include: Battery pack, charging and discharging circuit, main switch circuit and control module; The battery pack comprises a plurality of battery cells connected in series, the output positive end of the first battery cell is the output positive end of the battery pack, which is respectively connected to the first end of the charge and discharge circuit, the first end of the capacitive load and / or the output positive end of other battery packs, the output negative end of the last battery cell is the output negative end of the battery pack, which is respectively connected to the second end of the charge and discharge circuit and the first end of the main switch circuit, and the third end of the charge and discharge circuit is respectively connected to the second end of the main switch circuit, the second end of the capacitive load and / or the output negative end of other battery packs; the control module is respectively connected to the control end of the charge and discharge circuit and the control end of the main switch circuit; The control module is used to obtain the first sampling voltage of each battery group and / or the second sampling voltage of the capacitive load in real time when the battery pack is started to charge the capacitive load and / or the battery pack is connected to the other battery packs, and perform voltage closed-loop regulation on the charge and discharge circuit according to the first sampling voltage and / or the second sampling voltage; dynamically determine the maximum current limit value according to the battery MAP during the charging or discharging process of the charge and discharge circuit, and perform current closed-loop regulation on the charge and discharge circuit according to the maximum current limit value and the charge and discharge sampling current obtained in real time; when the sampling voltage meets the preset conditions, turn on the main switch circuit to connect the battery pack to the capacitive load and / or the other battery packs.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging and discharging circuit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a first inductor, a first diode and a second diode, and the main switch circuit includes a third transistor and a fourth transistor; The cathode of the first diode is respectively connected to the cathode of the second diode and the output positive terminal of the first battery cell, the anode of the first diode is respectively connected to the first end of the first transistor and the first end of the first inductor, the anode of the second diode is respectively connected to the first end of the second transistor and the second end of the first inductor, the second end of the first transistor is respectively connected to the first end of the third transistor and the output negative terminal of the last battery cell, the second end of the third transistor is connected to the first end of the fourth transistor, the second end of the second transistor is connected to the second end of the fourth transistor and serves as the output negative terminal of the battery pack; The control module is respectively connected to the control end of the first transistor, the control end of the second transistor, the control end of the third transistor and the control end of the fourth transistor.

3. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: Also includes: A sampling resistor is arranged between the negative output terminal of the last battery cell and the second terminal of the charge and discharge loop; A current amplification processing module, the input end of which is respectively connected to the two ends of the sampling resistor, and the output end of which is connected to the control module; The current amplification processing module is used to amplify the sampling current passing through the sampling resistor.

4. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The control module comprises: A main processor, whose output end is respectively connected to the input end of the sub-processor and the control end of the charging and discharging circuit, is used to receive external instructions and / or obtain the first sampled voltage of each battery pack and / or the second sampled voltage of the capacitive load in real time, determine the working mode according to the external instructions and / or the two sampled voltages, and send the determined working mode information to the sub-processor; and control the main switch circuit according to the sampled voltage; The output end of the secondary processor is connected to the control end of the charge and discharge circuit, and is used to perform voltage closed-loop regulation on the charge and discharge circuit according to the two sampled voltages when receiving the working mode information sent by the main processor; during the charging or discharging process of the charge and discharge circuit, dynamically determine the maximum current limit value according to the battery MAP, and perform current closed-loop regulation on the charge and discharge circuit according to the maximum current limit value and the charge and discharge sampling current obtained in real time.

5. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main processor is also used to perform voltage closed-loop regulation on the charge and discharge circuit according to the determined working mode information and the two sampled voltages when the secondary processor fails; dynamically determine the maximum current limit value according to the battery MAP during the charging or discharging process of the charge and discharge circuit, and perform current closed-loop regulation on the charge and discharge circuit according to the maximum current limit value and the charge and discharge sampled current acquired in real time.

6. A battery pack management method, characterized in that: Applied to the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the battery pack management method comprises: When the battery pack is started to charge the capacitive load and / or the battery pack is connected to other battery packs, a first sampled voltage of each battery pack and / or a second sampled voltage of the capacitive load is acquired in real time, and a voltage closed-loop regulation is performed on the charge and discharge circuit according to the first sampled voltage and the second sampled voltage; During the charging or discharging process of the charging and discharging circuit, the maximum current limit value is dynamically determined according to the battery MAP, and the current closed-loop regulation of the charging and discharging circuit is performed according to the maximum current limit value and the charging and discharging sampling current obtained in real time; When the sampled voltage meets a preset condition, the main switch circuit is closed to connect the battery pack to the capacitive load and / or the other battery packs.

7. The battery pack management method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The charge and discharge circuit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, a first inductor, a first diode and a second diode; The cathode of the first diode is connected to the cathode of the second diode and the output positive terminal of the first battery cell respectively, the anode of the first diode is connected to the first terminal of the first transistor and the first terminal of the first inductor respectively, the anode of the second diode is connected to the first terminal of the second transistor and the second terminal of the first inductor respectively, the second terminal of the first transistor is connected to the first terminal of the third transistor and the output negative terminal of the last battery cell respectively, the second terminal of the third transistor is connected to the first terminal of the fourth transistor, the second terminal of the second transistor is connected to the second terminal of the fourth transistor and serves as the output negative terminal of the battery pack; When the battery pack is started to charge the capacitive load, a first sampled voltage of each battery pack and / or a second sampled voltage of the capacitive load is acquired in real time, and a voltage closed-loop regulation is performed on the charge-discharge circuit according to the first sampled voltage and the second sampled voltage, including: When the battery pack is started to charge the capacitive load, obtaining in real time a first sampled voltage of the current battery pack and a second sampled voltage of the capacitive load; When the difference between the first sampling voltage and the second sampling voltage is greater than a preset value, the first transistor is periodically driven according to a PWM signal, and the second transistor is controlled to be turned on, the third transistor is turned off, and the fourth transistor is controlled to be turned off, so that the battery pack charges the load capacitor; When the difference between the first sampling voltage and the second sampling voltage is not greater than the preset value, controlling the first transistor to be turned off and the second transistor to be turned off, so that the battery pack stops charging the load capacitor; When the sampled voltage meets a preset condition, closing the main switch circuit so that the battery pack is connected to the capacitive load includes: When the difference between the first sampling voltage and the second sampling voltage is not greater than the preset value, the third transistor and the fourth transistor are controlled to be turned on, so that the battery pack is connected to the capacitive load.

8. The battery pack management method according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the battery pack is connected to other battery packs, a first sampled voltage of each battery pack and / or a second sampled voltage of the capacitive load is acquired in real time, and a voltage closed-loop regulation is performed on the charge and discharge circuit according to the first sampled voltage and the second sampled voltage, including: Acquire a first battery group sampled voltage of a current battery pack and a second battery group sampled voltage of the other battery packs, wherein the first sampled voltage includes the first battery group sampled voltage and the second battery group sampled voltage; When the difference between the first battery pack sampling voltage and the second battery pack sampling voltage is greater than the preset value, the first transistor is periodically driven according to the PWM signal, and the second transistor is controlled to be turned on, the third transistor is turned off, and the fourth transistor is turned off, so that the current battery pack charges the other battery packs; when the difference between the first battery pack sampling voltage and the second battery pack sampling voltage is not greater than the preset value, the first transistor is controlled to be turned off, and the second transistor is controlled to be turned off, so that the current battery pack stops charging the other battery packs; When the difference between the second battery pack sampling voltage and the first battery pack sampling voltage is greater than the preset value, the second transistor is periodically driven according to the PWM signal, and the first transistor is controlled to be turned on, the third transistor is controlled to be turned off, and the fourth transistor is controlled to be turned off, so that the other battery packs charge the current battery pack; when the difference between the second battery pack sampling voltage and the first battery pack sampling voltage is not greater than the preset value, the first transistor is controlled to be turned off, and the second transistor is controlled to be turned off, so that the other battery packs stop charging the current battery pack; When the sampled voltage meets a preset condition, the main switch circuit is closed to connect the battery pack to the capacitive load and / or the other battery pack, including: When the difference between the first battery pack sampling voltage and the second battery pack sampling voltage is not greater than the preset value, the third transistor and the fourth transistor are controlled to be turned on, so that the current battery pack is connected to the other battery packs.

9. A battery management device, characterized in that: include: Memory for storing computer programs; A processor, used to implement the steps of the battery management method as described in any one of claims 6 to 8 when executing a computer program.

10. A non-volatile storage medium, characterized in that: The non-volatile storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the battery management method according to any one of claims 6 to 8 are implemented.

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