Overload warning system based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power systems, in particular to an overload warning system based on the Internet of Things, which comprises a central processor module, a power management and control module, a prediction module, a supervision module, a storage module and an alarm module, and is characterized in that the central processor module is bidirectionally connected with the power management and control module, the prediction module, the supervision module, the storage module and the alarm module. Due to the arrangement of the electric power management and control module, the overload condition can be handled in time according to the load change condition, and the overload treatment efficiency of the electric power station area is improved; due to the fact that the prediction module is arranged, the load capacity of the transformer can be accurately predicted, and meanwhile the influence caused by the hot-spot temperature load capacity of the transformer is avoided; and a supervision module is also arranged to realize acquisition, transmission and monitoring of power utilization information, so that the power management system is more comprehensive in the aspect of power quality monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power grid systems, and in particular to an overload warning system based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of the national economy and the advancement of the new power system reform, industrial electricity consumption and residential electricity consumption have increased rapidly, and the number of distribution transformers has increased rapidly. The overall power load has shown a high growth rate. my country's load peak has been constantly refreshed, and the imbalance between supply and demand during peak periods has continued to deepen. During the summer and Spring Festival every year, the user's electricity demand increases and the electricity load increases dramatically, and a large number of power supply equipment are in a heavy overload operation state. As the last-level power supply unit for low-voltage users, the operating state of the power supply equipment in the distribution network area directly affects the power supply quality in the distribution network area. The heavy overload operation of the power supply equipment is one of the main causes of power outages, and the heavy overload phenomenon is usually accompanied by a series of problems such as three-phase imbalance and voltage offset. These problems are particularly serious for the safe and reliable power supply of the distribution network area. Moreover, if the power supply equipment is in a heavy overload state for a long time, it will aggravate the loss of the power supply equipment, reduce the service life of the power supply equipment itself, and also bring other operating risks and potential faults.

[0003] At present, there are shortcomings in the management of distribution network substations. The load mutation in distribution network substations is relatively strong. Therefore, if the operation and maintenance personnel fail to handle the heavy overload phenomenon in the distribution network substations in a timely manner, resulting in a long heavy overload period, it will increase the operating risk and failure probability of the power supply equipment; heavy overload is closely related to the user's electricity consumption behavior, but the cause is difficult to grasp accurately. At the distribution network substation level, there are few heavy overload management measures for the operating power supply equipment. Overload in the substation cannot be predicted in advance, and prevention cannot be achieved. Improvements are needed in this regard. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an overload warning system based on the Internet of Things to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an overload warning system based on the Internet of Things, comprising a central processing unit module, a power control module, a prediction module, a supervision module, a storage module and an alarm module, wherein the central processing unit module is bidirectionally connected with the power control module, the prediction module, the supervision module, the storage module and the alarm module; The power management and control module includes a judgment unit, an adjustment unit, a control unit, an optimization unit and an emergency unit; The prediction module includes a creation unit, a first calculation unit, a second calculation unit, a first determination unit and a second determination unit; The supervision module is connected to a gateway module, the gateway module is connected to a relay module, the relay module is connected to a terminal module, the gateway module, the relay module and the terminal module are all provided with communication units, and the terminal module is connected to a data acquisition unit.

[0006] Preferably, the judgment unit is used to judge whether to cut off the low priority according to the set load priority; the adjustment unit is used to adjust the capacity and output power of the transformer according to the load forecast result to meet the load requirements of different substations; the control unit is used to manage transmission lines and nodes, and dynamically control and distribute power loads; the optimization unit is used to dynamically adjust the topology of the distribution network, optimize load distribution and power supply management; the emergency unit is used to remotely control the switching status of each device according to the emergency plan in an emergency. When an emergency occurs, the emergency unit sends an alarm signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module takes an alarm action.

[0007] Preferably, the creation unit is used to establish a three-dimensional transformer model using finite element simulation software; the first calculation unit input is used to calculate the three-dimensional power transformer model established in the creation unit through an SVM algorithm and obtain the hot spot temperature value; the second calculation unit is used to optimize the calculation of the first calculation unit; the first judgment unit is used to judge the reliability of the hot spot temperature value; the second judgment unit judges the load-carrying capacity of the transformer under the corresponding environmental parameter conditions based on the hot spot temperature value.

[0008] Preferably, the terminal module collects power usage information through a data acquisition unit, and uploads the collected power usage information to the relay module.

[0009] Preferably, the relay module collects the power usage information collected by the terminal module, collects the power usage information on the three-phase power line, and uploads the power usage information to the gateway module.

[0010] Preferably, the gateway module collects the power usage information acquired by the relay module, and uploads the power usage information to the central processing unit module. The central processing unit module receives the power usage information sent by the gateway module, analyzes it and generates a report.

[0011] Preferably, the gateway module includes a configuration unit and a communication unit, the configuration unit is used for instruction setting and operation instructions, and the gateway information is set through a handheld tool; the communication unit is used to connect the central processing unit module and the relay module, and is used to upload the collected relay data to the central processing unit module.

[0012] Preferably, the relay module includes a configuration unit, a processing unit and a communication unit; the configuration unit is used for instruction setting, household monitoring and operation instructions, and setting relay information through a handheld tool; the processing unit is used for data measurement and data storage, filtering and storing the data collected by the electric energy measurement sensor, and is also used for event judgment and event storage, judging whether an abnormal event occurs through the stored data, and storing the abnormal event; the communication unit is used for data upload, event upload and terminal management, and uploads the collected terminal data and abnormal events, and the data and abnormal events measured by the relay module to the gateway module.

[0013] Preferably, the terminal module includes a configuration unit, a processing unit and a communication unit. The configuration unit is used for instruction setting, terminal monitoring and operation instructions, and terminal information is set through a handheld tool; the processing unit is used for data measurement and data storage, and is also used for event judgment and event storage. It judges whether an abnormal event occurs through the stored data and stores the abnormal event; the communication unit includes data uploading and event uploading, and uploads data and abnormal events to the relay module.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention proposes an overload warning system based on the Internet of Things. When conducting power management and control in the substation, due to the provision of a power management and control module, it can timely handle heavy overload situations according to load changes, thereby improving the efficiency of overload management in the power substation; and due to the provision of a prediction module, it can accurately predict the load capacity of the transformer, while avoiding the influence of the hot spot temperature load capacity of the transformer; and a supervision module is also provided to realize the collection, transmission and monitoring of power consumption information, making the power management system more comprehensive in terms of power quality monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power management and control module of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the prediction module structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supervision module of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] See also Figures 1 to 4 The present invention provides a technical solution: an overload warning system based on the Internet of Things, including a central processing unit module, a power management and control module, a prediction module, a supervision module, a storage module and an alarm module, and the central processing unit module is bidirectionally connected with the power management and control module, the prediction module, the supervision module, the storage module and the alarm module.

[0021] The power management and control module includes a judgment unit, an adjustment unit, a control unit, an optimization unit and an emergency unit.

[0022] The judgment unit is used to determine whether to cut off the low priority load according to the set load priority. When the power system load exceeds the power supply capacity, measures to cut off the low priority load are taken according to the load adjustment strategy, including that the system load exceeds the rated capacity or allowable load range of the power supply, the system load priority is low and the impact on power supply is small, and the system can maintain basic power supply requirements and operating stability after cutting off the low priority load.

[0023] The adjustment unit is used to adjust the capacity and output power of the transformer according to the load forecast results to meet the load requirements of different substations. When it is necessary to adapt to the load requirements of the power system or adjust the voltage level, measures are taken to adjust the transformer power, including when the system load needs to increase or decrease but the transformer capacity still has surplus, the system voltage is too high or too low and needs to be adjusted to an appropriate range, and the system can meet the load requirements and voltage stability requirements after adjusting the transformer power.

[0024] The control unit is used to manage transmission lines and nodes, dynamically control and distribute power loads, and take measures to control transmission lines when the power system load is too large or the transmission capacity is insufficient, including when the system load exceeds the rated capacity or allowable transmission range of the transmission line, when the transmission line is overloaded or the load is unbalanced, resulting in unstable system operation or increased probability of failure. After controlling the transmission line, the system can optimize load distribution, improve system stability and reduce line load.

[0025] The optimization unit is used to dynamically adjust the topology of the distribution network, optimize load distribution and power supply management. When the load distribution of the distribution network is uneven or there is a fault, measures are taken to adjust the topology of the distribution network, including overload or load imbalance of the distribution network branch leading to unstable power supply or excessive load, faults or obstacles in the distribution network requiring switching of the power supply path to ensure power supply reliability, and after adjusting the topology of the distribution network, load distribution can be optimized and power supply quality and reliability can be improved.

[0026] The emergency unit is used to remotely control the switch status of each device according to the emergency plan in an emergency. When an emergency occurs, the emergency unit sends an alarm signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module takes an alarm action. When it is necessary to protect the safety of equipment or respond to system failures in an emergency, emergency shutdown control measures are taken, including serious failures or safety hazards in the system that require immediate shutdown to avoid further damage or danger, system load exceeds the system carrying capacity and cannot be met by other measures. The load demand can be met after emergency shutdown control, and the safety of equipment can be protected and system collapse or failure spread can be avoided.

[0027] The prediction module includes a creation unit, a first calculation unit, a second calculation unit, a first discrimination unit and a second discrimination unit; the creation unit is used to establish a three-dimensional transformer model using finite element simulation software; the first calculation unit input is used to calculate the three-dimensional power transformer model established in the creation unit through the SVM algorithm and obtain the hot spot temperature value; the second calculation unit is used to optimize the calculation of the first calculation unit; the first discrimination unit is used to judge the reliability of the hot spot temperature value; the second discrimination unit judges the load-carrying capacity of the transformer under the corresponding environmental parameter conditions according to the hot spot temperature value.

[0028] The specific process is to first establish a three-dimensional transformer model using finite element simulation software, then input the environmental parameter X, calculate the three-dimensional power transformer model established by the SVM algorithm, and obtain the hot spot temperature value Y, judge the reliability of the calculated hot spot temperature value Y, and judge the load capacity of the transformer under the corresponding environmental parameter X according to the hot spot temperature value Y. The number of input environmental parameters X is N, namely X1, X2, ... XN, and the corresponding hot spot temperature values ​​Y calculated by the SVM algorithm are Y1, Y2, ... YN, respectively. The mapping relationship between the environmental parameter X and the hot spot temperature value Y is predicted according to the data sequence {(X1, Y1), (X2, Y2) ... (XN, YN)}, and the regression function f(X) is obtained through the mapping relationship, and then optimized to f(X) = Y = wX + b, where w is the feature weight vector and b is the bias term.

[0029] When judging the reliability of the degree value Y, the N input environmental parameters X are divided into a training set and a test set. The environmental parameters included in the training set are assumed to be X1, X2, ...XM, and the hotspot temperature values ​​Y1, Y2, ...YM are calculated according to X1, X2, ...XM respectively; the real temperature values ​​Z1, Z2, ...ZM of the transformer corresponding to X1, X2, ...XM are obtained by actual measurement; a prediction curve is fitted according to Y1, Y2, ...YM and Z1, Z2, ...ZM; an environmental parameter Xe is selected from the test set, and the calculated hotspot temperature value Ye corresponding to the environmental parameter Xe is compared with the fitted curve. If the error is less than 5°C, the calculation result is judged to be reliable.

[0030] The supervision module is connected to the gateway module, the gateway module is connected to the relay module, the relay module is connected to the terminal module, the gateway module, the relay module and the terminal module are all provided with communication units, and the terminal module is connected to the data acquisition unit. The terminal module collects power consumption information through the data acquisition unit and uploads the collected power consumption information to the relay module. The relay module collects the power consumption information collected by the terminal module and the power consumption information on the three-phase power line, and uploads the power consumption information to the gateway module. The gateway module collects the power consumption information obtained by the relay module and uploads the power consumption information to the central processing unit module. The central processing unit module receives the power consumption information sent by the gateway module, analyzes it and generates a report. The gateway module includes a configuration unit and a communication unit. The configuration unit is used for command setting and operation instructions, and the gateway information is set through a handheld tool; the communication unit is used to connect the central processing unit module and the relay module, and is used to upload the collected relay data to the central processing unit module; the relay module includes a configuration unit, a processing unit and a communication unit; the configuration unit is used for command setting, household monitoring and operation instructions, and the relay information is set through a handheld tool; the processing unit is used for data measurement and data storage, and the data collected by the electric energy measurement sensor is filtered and stored, and is also used for event judgment and event storage, and the stored data is used to judge whether an abnormal event has occurred , and store abnormal events; the communication unit is used for data upload, event upload and terminal management, and uploads the collected terminal data and abnormal events, the data and abnormal events measured by the relay module to the gateway module; the terminal module includes a configuration unit, a processing unit and a communication unit, the configuration unit is used for instruction setting, serial monitoring and operation instructions, and the terminal information is set through a handheld tool; the processing unit is used for data measurement and data storage, and is also used for event judgment and event storage. It judges whether an abnormal event occurs through the stored data and stores the abnormal event; the communication unit includes data upload and event upload, and uploads data and abnormal events to the relay module.

[0031] The present invention proposes an overload warning system based on the Internet of Things. When conducting power management and control in the substation, due to the provision of a power management and control module, it can timely handle heavy overload situations according to load changes, thereby improving the efficiency of overload management in the power substation; and due to the provision of a prediction module, it can accurately predict the load capacity of the transformer, while avoiding the influence of the hot spot temperature load capacity of the transformer; and a supervision module is also provided to realize the collection, transmission and monitoring of power consumption information, making the power management system more comprehensive in terms of power quality monitoring.

[0032] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An overload warning system based on the Internet of Things, characterized by: It includes a central processing unit module, a power control module, a prediction module, a supervision module, a storage module and an alarm module, and the central processing unit module is bidirectionally connected with the power control module, the prediction module, the supervision module, the storage module and the alarm module; The power management and control module includes a judgment unit, an adjustment unit, a control unit, an optimization unit and an emergency unit; The prediction module includes a creation unit, a first calculation unit, a second calculation unit, a first determination unit and a second determination unit; The supervision module is connected to a gateway module, the gateway module is connected to a relay module, the relay module is connected to a terminal module, the gateway module, the relay module and the terminal module are all provided with communication units, and the terminal module is connected to a data acquisition unit.

2. According to claim 1, an overload warning system based on the Internet of Things is characterized in that: The judgment unit is used to judge whether to cut off the low priority according to the set load priority; the adjustment unit is used to adjust the capacity and output power of the transformer according to the load forecast result to meet the load requirements of different substations; the control unit is used to manage transmission lines and nodes, and dynamically control and distribute power loads; the optimization unit is used to dynamically adjust the topological structure of the distribution network, optimize load distribution and power supply management; the emergency unit is used to remotely control the switching status of each device according to the emergency plan in an emergency. When an emergency occurs, the emergency unit sends an alarm signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module takes an alarm action.

3. The overload warning system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The creation unit is used to establish a three-dimensional transformer model using finite element simulation software; the first calculation unit input is used to calculate the three-dimensional power transformer model established in the creation unit through the SVM algorithm and obtain the hot spot temperature value; the second calculation unit is used to optimize the calculation of the first calculation unit; the first judgment unit is used to judge the reliability of the hot spot temperature value; The second determination unit determines the load carrying capacity of the transformer under corresponding environmental parameter conditions according to the hot spot temperature value.

4. The overload warning system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The terminal module collects power usage information through a data acquisition unit, and uploads the collected power usage information to the relay module.

5. The overload warning system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The relay module collects the power usage information collected by the terminal module, collects the power usage information on the three-phase power line, and uploads the power usage information to the gateway module.

6. The overload warning system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gateway module collects the power usage information obtained by the relay module and uploads the power usage information to the central processing unit module. The central processing unit module receives the power usage information sent by the gateway module, analyzes it and generates a report.

7. The overload warning system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gateway module includes a configuration unit and a communication unit. The configuration unit is used for command setting and operation instructions, and gateway information is set through a handheld tool; the communication unit is used to connect the central processing unit module and the relay module, and is used to upload the collected relay data to the central processing unit module.

8. The overload warning system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The relay module includes a configuration unit, a processing unit and a communication unit; the configuration unit is used for command setting, household monitoring and operation instructions, and the relay information is set by a handheld tool; The processing unit is used for data measurement and data storage. It filters and stores the data collected by the electric energy measurement sensor. It is also used for event judgment and event storage. It judges whether an abnormal event occurs through the stored data and stores the abnormal event. The communication unit is used for data upload, event upload and terminal management. It uploads the collected terminal data and abnormal events, and the data and abnormal events measured by the relay module to the gateway module.

9. The overload warning system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The terminal module includes a configuration unit, a processing unit and a communication unit. The configuration unit is used for command setting, serial monitoring and operation instructions, and terminal information is set through a handheld tool; The processing unit is used for data measurement and data storage, and is also used for event judgment and event storage. It judges whether an abnormal event occurs through the stored data and stores the abnormal event. The communication unit includes data uploading and event uploading, and uploads data and abnormal events to the relay module.

Images