Method for identifying high temperature resistance and low temperature resistance of rice by utilizing first-season storage and regeneration and application of method in breeding

Abstract

The invention provides a method for identifying high-temperature resistance and low-temperature resistance of rice by utilizing first-season storage and regeneration and application of the method in breeding. The method comprises the following steps: sowing and seedling raising a to-be-identified rice material, a high-temperature-resistant control variety and a low-temperature-resistant control variety by stages, and transplanting to a field; marking the to-be-identified rice material at the beginning of the day when the high-temperature weather occurs for the first time, and evaluating the high-temperature resistance of the to-be-identified rice material marked at the first time according to the relative high-temperature-resistant fruiting coefficient; harvesting the to-be-identified rice material with the first marker and reserving stumps; the to-be-identified rice material is marked at the beginning of the day when the low-temperature weather occurs for the first time; evaluating the low-temperature resistance of the to-be-identified rice material of the second marker according to the relative low-temperature-resistant fruiting coefficient. The high temperature resistance of the rice heading and flowering period is identified by utilizing the first season in the field, the low temperature resistance of the rice heading and flowering period is identified by utilizing the regeneration season, the purpose of dual purposes in one season is realized, the production cost is reduced, and the working efficiency of breeding is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crop identification, and particularly relates to a method for identifying high temperature resistance and low temperature resistance of rice by utilizing first-season stored regeneration, and an application of the method in breeding. Background Art

[0002] Rice originated in tropical and subtropical areas at low latitudes. It is a short-day, thermophilic crop that is relatively sensitive to temperature. The optimum growth temperature for rice is 25-30°C. When the ambient temperature is lower than the minimum temperature required for rice growth and development or higher than the maximum temperature, rice growth and development will be inhibited. In recent years, abnormal high and low temperature weather has occurred frequently. The heading and flowering period of mid-season rice is prone to high temperatures, and the heading and flowering period of late rice is prone to low temperatures, which has a serious impact on the safe production of rice. Therefore, the screening and breeding of high and low temperature resistant rice varieties are of great significance to promoting the safe and sustainable development of rice production and ensuring food security.

[0003] At present, there are three main methods for identifying the high and low temperature resistance of rice: artificial climate chamber identification, field artificial warming identification, and field staged sowing identification. Artificial climate chamber identification cannot adapt to the comparative identification of large quantities of varieties and large samples due to the small space of the climate chamber. It is only suitable for small sample tests of a small number of varieties. Secondly, the air humidity, light, and temperature in the room are very different from the natural growth environment of the rice field, the cost is high, and the test results need to be verified in the field; field artificial warming identification is difficult to unify the warming time due to the inconsistent growth period of the test varieties, and the cost is high; the field staged sowing method is carried out in the field, no facilities are required, the test site is basically unrestricted, and large samples of large quantities of varieties can be tested. The test environment is closer to the actual production, and the identification results can be directly applied in production without field verification. However, the traditional field staged sowing high and low temperature resistance identification generally requires the separate planting of high temperature identification materials and low temperature identification materials, and the high temperature resistance identification and low temperature resistance identification are carried out separately, which takes a long time, has a large field workload, and is costly. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a method for identifying the high temperature resistance and low temperature resistance of rice by using the first season's retained regeneration and its application in breeding. The high temperature resistance and low temperature resistance can be identified simultaneously during field planting in one season, thereby achieving the dual purpose of one season, reducing production costs and improving breeding work efficiency.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A method for identifying high temperature resistance and low temperature resistance of rice by using first season storage regeneration, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: The rice materials to be identified, the high temperature resistant control varieties, and the low temperature resistant control varieties are sown and raised in stages, and then transplanted to the field;

[0008] For each period of rice materials to be identified, the rice materials to be identified that begin to ear on the day when the high temperature weather occurs are marked to obtain the first marked rice materials to be identified;

[0009] If high temperature weather occurs for 5 consecutive days after the rice material to be identified with the first marker begins heading, the ratio of the average fruit setting rate of the rice material to be identified with the first marker to the average fruit setting rate of the high temperature resistant control variety is calculated to obtain the relative high temperature resistant fruit setting coefficient;

[0010] evaluating the high temperature resistance of the rice material to be identified with the first marker according to the relative high temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient;

[0011] S2: harvest the first marked rice materials to be identified in stages and keep the piles;

[0012] For each rice material to be identified with the first mark, mark the rice material to be identified with the first mark that begins to ear on the day when the low temperature weather occurs, to obtain the rice material to be identified with the second mark;

[0013] If low temperature weather occurs for three consecutive days after the rice material to be identified with the second marker begins heading, the ratio of the average fruit setting rate of the rice material to be identified with the second marker to the average fruit setting rate of the low temperature resistant control variety is calculated to obtain the relative low temperature resistant fruit setting coefficient;

[0014] The low temperature resistance of the rice material to be identified with the second marker is evaluated based on the relative low temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient.

[0015] The present invention utilizes the field to identify the high temperature resistance of rice at the heading and flowering stage in the first season, and identifies the low temperature resistance of rice at the heading and flowering stage in the regeneration season, that is, two resistances (high temperature resistance and low temperature resistance) are simultaneously identified during one season of field planting, thus achieving the dual purpose of one season, reducing production costs, and improving breeding work efficiency.

[0016] The present invention evaluates the high / low temperature resistance performance of rice according to the relative high / low temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient, which is more scientific and reasonable than judging by the fruit setting rate, and the effect is easy to evaluate.

[0017] Furthermore, the high temperature weather refers to a daily average temperature above 32°C and / or a daily maximum temperature above 37°C.

[0018] Furthermore, the low temperature weather refers to a daily average temperature below 20°C and / or a daily minimum temperature below 18°C.

[0019] Furthermore, the relative high temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, and the rice material to be identified with the first marker is a high temperature resistance material;

[0020] The relative high temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient is greater than or equal to the second threshold value and less than the first threshold value, and the rice material to be identified with the first marker is a relatively high temperature resistance material;

[0021] The relative high temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient is greater than or equal to the third threshold value and less than the second threshold value, and the rice material to be identified with the first mark is a general high temperature resistance material;

[0022] The relative high temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold value and less than the third threshold value, and the rice material to be identified with the first mark is a material that is not resistant to high temperatures;

[0023] The relative high temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient is less than the fourth threshold value, and the rice material to be identified with the first mark is a material that is extremely intolerant to high temperatures.

[0024] Furthermore, if the relative low temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, the rice material to be identified with the second marker is a low temperature resistance material;

[0025] The relative low temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient is greater than or equal to the second threshold value and less than the first threshold value, and the rice material to be identified with the second marker is a relatively low temperature resistance material;

[0026] The relative low temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient is greater than or equal to the third threshold value and less than the second threshold value, and the rice material to be identified with the second marker is a general low temperature resistance material;

[0027] The relative low temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold value and less than the third threshold value, and the rice material to be identified with the second marker is a low temperature intolerant material;

[0028] The relative low temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient is less than the fourth threshold value, and the rice material to be identified with the second marker is a material that is extremely intolerant to low temperatures.

[0029] Preferably, the first threshold is 1.1, the second threshold is 0.9, the third threshold is 0.7, and the fourth threshold is 0.5.

[0030] Preferably, the high temperature resistant control variety is Fengliangyou No. 4, and the low temperature resistant control variety is Jinliangyou 1988.

[0031] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides an application of a method for identifying rice's high temperature and low temperature resistance by regenerating rice from first-season accumulation in rice breeding, which is to identify rice's high temperature and low temperature resistance by using the method for identifying rice's high temperature and low temperature resistance by regenerating rice from first-season accumulation during rice breeding, and eliminate general high temperature resistant materials, or general low temperature resistant materials, or materials that are not resistant to high temperature, or materials that are not resistant to low temperature, or materials that are extremely not resistant to high temperature, or materials that are extremely not resistant to low temperature; under the same conditions, rice materials that are resistant to high temperature and low temperature are given priority as breeding materials.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] The present invention utilizes the field to identify the high temperature resistance of rice at the heading and flowering stage in the first season, and identifies the low temperature resistance of rice at the heading and flowering stage in the regeneration season, that is, two resistances (high temperature resistance and low temperature resistance) are simultaneously identified in one season of field planting, thus achieving the dual purpose of one season, reducing production costs, and improving breeding work efficiency.

[0034] The invention evaluates the high and low temperature resistance performance of rice according to the relative high and low temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient, which is more scientific and reasonable than judging by the fruit setting rate, and the effect is easy to evaluate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a method for identifying high temperature resistance and low temperature resistance of rice by utilizing first season storage regeneration. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1 The method for identifying high temperature and low temperature resistance of rice by using first season storage and regeneration in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0039] 1. Identification of high temperature resistance of first-season rice

[0040] The first season rice is sown in stages. The first stage of rice materials to be identified and high temperature resistant control varieties and low temperature resistant control varieties are sown on April 10, with an interval of 10 days between each stage, and 6 stages of sowing. Each stage is transplanted to the field at 28 days of seedling age, and 64 plants are transplanted per plant. The transplanting specifications are 6 inches × 8 inches. The heading stage, heading stage, maturity stage, and heading and flowering stage of each first season are recorded. Temperature and humidity recorders are placed in the field to record the field temperature, humidity, and light from July to September. According to the weather forecast, when high temperature weather occurs, that is, high temperature weather with an average daily temperature of more than 32°C and / or a maximum daily temperature of more than 37°C, the ears of each rice variety to be identified that start heading on the same day will be marked and hung with more than 40 ears. 35 days after heading, the marked ears of the rice materials to be identified that have encountered high temperature weather for 5 consecutive days will be sampled to investigate their fruit set rate. The high temperature resistance evaluation was measured by the relative high temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient (the ratio of the average fruit setting rate of the rice material to be identified and the high temperature resistance control variety under high temperature conditions), and the high temperature resistance of the rice material to be identified was graded and evaluated at the heading and flowering stage according to the grading standards in Table 1.

[0041] Table 1 Evaluation criteria for high temperature resistance of first-season rice at heading and flowering stage

[0042] Rating Relative high temperature resistance coefficient (r1) High temperature resistance 1 r1≥1.10 Strong / high temperature resistant 3 0.90≤r1＜1.10 Stronger / higher temperature resistance 5 0.70≤r1＜0.90 General / General high temperature resistance 7 0.50≤r1＜0.70 Weak / not resistant to high temperatures 9 r1＜0.50 Weak / very intolerant to high temperatures

[0043] 2. Identification of low temperature resistance during the regeneration season

[0044] The first season is harvested 30-35 days after the first heading, and the pile height is 30-40 cm. After harvesting, it is managed in the same way as the field management of ratoon rice.

[0045] The axillary bud germination period, heading period, heading period, maturity period, and heading and flowering period of the regeneration season are recorded. According to the weather forecast, when low temperature weather occurs, that is, low temperature weather with the average daily temperature in the field below 20°C and / or the minimum daily temperature below 18°C, more than 40 ears of the ears of each rice variety to be identified that are heading on the same day are marked and hung. 35 days after heading, the marked ears of the rice materials to be identified that have encountered low temperature weather for three consecutive days are sampled to examine their fruit setting rate. The low temperature resistance evaluation is measured by the relative low temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient (the ratio of the average fruit setting rate of the rice materials to be identified and the low temperature resistant control varieties under low temperature conditions), and the low temperature resistance of the rice materials to be identified during the heading and flowering period is graded and evaluated according to the grading standards in Table 2.

[0046] Table 2 Evaluation criteria for low temperature resistance during heading and flowering in the regeneration season

[0047] Rating Relative low temperature resistance coefficient (r2) Low temperature resistance 1 r2≥1.10 Strong / high temperature resistant 3 0.90≤r2<1.10 Stronger / higher temperature resistance 5 0.70≤r2<0.90 General / General high temperature resistance 7 0.50≤r2<0.70 Weak / not resistant to high temperatures 9 r2<0.50 Weak / very intolerant to high temperatures

[0048] The high temperature in the first season refers to the high temperature during the heading and flowering period of the first season, which requires that the average daily temperature is above 32℃ and / or the maximum daily temperature is above 37℃ for 5 consecutive days during the heading and flowering period. The low temperature in the regeneration season refers to the low temperature during the heading and flowering period of the regeneration season, which requires that the average daily temperature is below 20℃ and / or the minimum daily temperature is below 18℃ for 3 consecutive days during the heading and flowering period.

[0049] The high temperature resistant control variety is Fengliangyou No. 4, and the low temperature resistant control variety is Jinliangyou 1988.

[0050] The planting specifications are 6 inches × 8 inches, with 8 rows of each variety, 10 stalks per row, and 1 grain seedling per stalk; 3-4 protection rows are set around each variety.

[0051] The tag shall indicate the variety name, sowing date, ear starting date, first season / regeneration season, etc.

[0052] The regeneration season is the plants that grow from the axillary buds on the rice stumps after harvesting 30-35 days after the first-season rice begins to head.

[0053] This embodiment uses the first season rice to identify the high temperature resistance of rice during the heading and flowering period, and the regeneration season to identify the low temperature resistance of rice during the heading and flowering period. Field planting in one season simultaneously identifies two resistances (high temperature resistance and low temperature resistance), which can achieve the dual-purpose purpose of one season, reduce production costs, and improve the work efficiency of breeding. Large-scale variety high / low temperature resistance identification can be carried out in the field, which is simple to operate, close to the actual field, and the results are reliable and low-cost; the test results can be directly applied without field verification, and are highly practical. A control variety is set, and marking is done at the beginning of the heading period. The marked ear is examined for the fruiting rate, and the relative high / low temperature resistance fruiting coefficient is graded and judged, which is more scientific and reasonable than judging by the fruiting rate, and the effect is easy to evaluate.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] The experiment was conducted at a base in Liuyang, Changsha in 2024. For multiple rice varieties (as shown in Table 3), the first phase was sown on April 10, with an interval of 10 days between each phase, 6 phases of sowing, and 28-day seedlings per phase for transplanting to the field. The planting specifications are 6 inches × 8 inches, 8 rows of each variety are planted, 10 stalks per row, and 1 seedling per stalk. 3-4 rows of protection rows are set around, and field water and fertilizer management is the same as general fields. When the average daily temperature in the field is above 32°C and / or the maximum daily temperature is above 37°C, the ears of each variety that begin to ear on the same day are marked with a sign, and 40 ears are marked for each variety. 35 days after the beginning of the ear, the marked ears of the varieties that encounter high temperature weather for 5 consecutive days are sampled to investigate their fruit set rate.

[0056] Harvest 35 days after the first heading of the first season, with the stake height of 35 cm. After harvest, manage according to the field management method of ratoon rice. When the average daily temperature in the field is below 20℃ and / or the minimum daily temperature is below 18℃, mark the ears of each variety that start heading on the same day, and mark 40 ears of each variety. 35 days after the first heading, sample the marked ears of the varieties that have encountered low temperature weather for 3 consecutive days to examine their fruit setting rate.

[0057] During the experiment, a temperature and humidity recorder was placed in the field to record the field temperature, humidity, and light from July to October, and to record the sowing period, transplanting period, heading stage, heading stage, and maturity period of each first season, and the heading stage, heading stage, and maturity period of the regeneration season. The relative high temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient index was used to evaluate the high temperature resistance of the first season. The relative high temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient was the ratio of the average fruit setting rate of the test material to the high temperature resistance control variety under high temperature conditions, and the high temperature resistance of the test material at the heading and flowering stage was graded and evaluated according to the grading standards in Table 1. The relative low temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient index was used to evaluate the low temperature resistance of the regeneration season. The relative low temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient was the ratio of the average fruit setting rate of the test material to the low temperature resistance control variety under low temperature conditions, and the low temperature resistance of the test material at the heading and flowering stage was graded and evaluated according to the grading standards in Table 2.

[0058] As shown in Table 3, the identification results show that the 23 rice varieties in the first season have obvious differences in high temperature resistance, including 5 varieties with strong high temperature resistance, 13 varieties with relatively strong high temperature resistance, 4 varieties with average high temperature resistance, and 1 variety with weak high temperature resistance. As shown in Table 4, the 23 rice varieties in the regeneration season have obvious differences in low temperature resistance, including 4 varieties with strong low temperature resistance, 11 varieties with relatively strong low temperature resistance, 6 varieties with average low temperature resistance, and 2 varieties with weak low temperature resistance; comprehensive analysis found that the three varieties, Quanyou 6019, Gongliangyou Hesimiao, and Tianliangyou 751, are resistant to high temperature in the first season and resistant to low temperature in the regeneration season.

[0059] Analysis of weather conditions, according to the records of the field ear layer temperature and humidity recorder of a certain base, as shown in Table 5, there were two high temperature weathers from July 1 to August 20, 2024. The first high temperature weather was from July 14 to July 25, with the maximum daily temperature of the field ear layer of 37.3-41°C, the daily average temperature of 30.7-32.8°C, the daily minimum temperature of 26.9-28.8°C, and the air humidity of 73.4-85.1%; the second high temperature weather was from August 2 to August 10, with the maximum daily temperature of the field ear layer of 37.4-40°C, the daily average temperature of 30.3-32.4°C, the daily minimum temperature of 24.9-27.6°C, and the air humidity of 75.8-84.3%, meeting the requirements of high temperature weather. As shown in Table 6, there were three cold weather events from September 20 to October 31, 2024. The first cold weather event was from October 1 to October 4, with the maximum daily temperature of the ear layer in the field being 20.5-28.1°C, the daily average temperature being 18.0-19.9°C, the daily minimum temperature being 11.3-16.7°C, and the air humidity being 67.9-80.2%. The second cold weather event was from October 7 to October 8, with the maximum daily temperature of the ear layer in the field being 20.8 -22.2℃, daily average temperature 17.3-17.8℃, daily minimum temperature 14.5-15.5℃, air humidity 91.8-93.5%; the third low temperature weather occurred from October 21st to 31st, with the daily maximum temperature of the ear layer in the field 19.5-27.9℃, daily average temperature 14.1-17.1℃, daily minimum temperature 5.2-12.9℃, air humidity 77.9-91.9%, meeting the low temperature weather requirements.

[0060] Table 3 Identification results of high temperature resistance during heading and flowering period in the first season

[0061]

[0062] Table 4 Identification results of low temperature resistance at heading and flowering stage in the regeneration season

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] Table 5 Temperature and humidity of the ear layer in the field at a certain base from July 10 to August 10, 2024

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] Table 6 Temperature and humidity of the ear layer in the field at a certain base from September 20 to October 31, 2024

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] Example 3

[0072] The experiment was conducted at a base in Liuyang, Changsha in 2024. For multiple rice restorer lines, the first phase was sown on April 10, with an interval of 10 days between each phase, and 6 phases of sowing. The seedlings were transplanted to the field at 28 days of age in each phase, with a planting specification of 6 inches × 8 inches. Each restorer line was planted in 8 rows, with 10 stalks per row, and 1 seedling per stalk. 3-4 rows of protection rows were set around, and field water and fertilizer management was the same as that of general fields. When the average daily temperature in the field was above 32°C and / or the maximum daily temperature was above 37°C, the ears of each restorer line that began to ear on the same day were marked with a sign, and 40 ears were marked for each restorer line. 35 days after the beginning of earing, the marked ears of the restorer line that encountered high temperature weather for 5 consecutive days were sampled to investigate their fruit set rate.

[0073] Harvest 35 days after the first heading of the first season, with the stake height of 35 cm. After harvest, manage according to the field management method of ratoon rice. When the average daily temperature in the field is below 20℃ and / or the minimum daily temperature is below 18℃, mark the ears of each variety that start heading on the same day, and mark 40 ears of each variety. 35 days after the first heading, sample the marked ears of the varieties that encounter low and high temperature weather for 3 consecutive days to examine their fruit setting rate.

[0074] During the experiment, a temperature and humidity recorder was placed in the field to record the field temperature, humidity, and light from July to October, and to record the sowing period, transplanting period, heading stage, heading stage, and maturity period of each first season, and the heading stage, heading stage, and maturity period of the regeneration season. The relative high temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient index was used to evaluate the high temperature resistance of the first season. The relative high temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient was the ratio of the average fruit setting rate of the test material to the high temperature resistance control variety under high temperature conditions, and the high temperature resistance of the test material at the heading and flowering stage was graded and evaluated according to the grading standards in Table 1. The relative low temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient index was used to evaluate the low temperature resistance of the regeneration season. The relative low temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient was the ratio of the average fruit setting rate of the test material to the low temperature resistance control variety under low temperature conditions, and the low temperature resistance of the test material at the heading and flowering stage was graded and evaluated according to the grading standards in Table 2.

[0075] As shown in Table 7, the identification results show that the 21 restorer lines have obvious differences in high temperature resistance in the first season. There are 3 restorer lines with strong high temperature resistance, 9 restorer lines with relatively strong high temperature resistance, 4 restorer lines with average high temperature resistance, 4 restorer lines with relatively weak high temperature resistance, and 1 restorer line with weak high temperature resistance. As shown in Table 8, the 21 restorer lines have obvious differences in low temperature resistance in the regeneration season. There are 2 restorer lines with strong low temperature resistance, 6 restorer lines with relatively strong low temperature resistance, 10 restorer lines with average low temperature resistance, and 3 restorer lines with relatively weak low temperature resistance. Comprehensive analysis shows that restorer line YR007 is high temperature resistant in the first season and low temperature resistant in the regeneration season.

[0076] As shown in Table 5, weather conditions are analyzed. According to the temperature and humidity records of the field ear layer of a certain base, two high temperature weather events occurred from July 1 to August 20, 2024. The first high temperature weather event was from July 14 to July 25, with the maximum daily temperature of the field ear layer being 37.3-41°C, the daily average temperature being 30.7-32.8°C, the daily minimum temperature being 26.9-28.8°C, and the air humidity being 73.4-85.1%; the second high temperature weather event was from August 2 to August 10, with the maximum daily temperature of the field ear layer being 37.4-40°C, the daily average temperature being 30.3-32.4°C, the daily minimum temperature being 24.9-27.6°C, and the air humidity being 75.8-84.3%, meeting the requirements of high temperature weather. As shown in Table 6, there were three cold weather events from September 20 to October 31, 2024. The first cold weather event was from October 1 to 4, with the maximum daily temperature of the ear layer in the field being 20.5-28.1°C, the daily average temperature being 18.0-19.9°C, the daily minimum temperature being 11.3-16.7°C, and the air humidity being 67.9-80.2%. The second cold weather event was from October 7 to October 8, with the maximum daily temperature of the ear layer in the field being 20.8-2 The third low temperature weather occurred from October 21 to 31, with the maximum daily temperature of the ear layer in the field at 19.5-27.9℃, the daily average temperature at 14.1-17.1℃, the daily minimum temperature at 5.2-12.9℃, and the air humidity at 77.9-91.9%, meeting the low temperature weather requirements.

[0077] Table 7 Evaluation results of high temperature resistance of restorer lines at heading and flowering stage in the first season

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] Table 8 Identification results of low temperature tolerance of restorer lines at heading and flowering stage in the regeneration season

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] The contents explained in the above embodiments should be understood as these embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the present invention, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, various equivalent forms of modifications to the present invention by those skilled in the art all fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

Claims

1. A method for identifying high temperature and low temperature resistance of rice by using first season storage and regeneration, characterized in that: The process includes: S1: The rice materials to be identified, the high temperature resistant control varieties, and the low temperature resistant control varieties are sown and raised in stages, and then transplanted to the field; For each period of rice materials to be identified, the rice materials to be identified that begin to ear on the day when the high temperature weather occurs are marked to obtain the first marked rice materials to be identified; If high temperature weather occurs for 5 consecutive days after the rice material to be identified with the first marker begins heading, the ratio of the average fruit setting rate of the rice material to be identified with the first marker to the average fruit setting rate of the high temperature resistant control variety is calculated to obtain the relative high temperature resistant fruit setting coefficient; evaluating the high temperature resistance of the rice material to be identified with the first marker according to the relative high temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient; S2: harvest the first marked rice materials to be identified in stages and keep the piles; For each rice material to be identified with the first mark, mark the rice material to be identified with the first mark that begins to ear on the day when the low temperature weather occurs, to obtain the rice material to be identified with the second mark; If low temperature weather occurs for three consecutive days after the rice material to be identified with the second marker begins heading, the ratio of the average fruit setting rate of the rice material to be identified with the second marker to the average fruit setting rate of the low temperature resistant control variety is calculated to obtain the relative low temperature resistant fruit setting coefficient; The low temperature resistance of the rice material to be identified with the second marker is evaluated based on the relative low temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient.

2. The method for identifying high temperature and low temperature resistance of rice by using first season storage and regeneration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high temperature weather refers to a daily average temperature above 32°C and / or a daily maximum temperature above 37°C.

3. The method for identifying high temperature and low temperature resistance of rice by using first season storage and regeneration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low temperature weather refers to a daily average temperature below 20°C and / or a daily minimum temperature below 18°C.

4. The method for identifying high temperature and low temperature resistance of rice by using first season storage and regeneration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relative high temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, and the rice material to be identified with the first marker is a high temperature resistance material; The relative high temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient is greater than or equal to the second threshold value and less than the first threshold value, and the rice material to be identified with the first marker is a relatively high temperature resistance material; The relative high temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient is greater than or equal to the third threshold value and less than the second threshold value, and the rice material to be identified with the first mark is a general high temperature resistance material; The relative high temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold value and less than the third threshold value, and the rice material to be identified with the first mark is a material that is not resistant to high temperatures; The relative high temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient is less than the fourth threshold value, and the rice material to be identified with the first mark is a material that is extremely intolerant to high temperatures.

5. The method for identifying high temperature and low temperature resistance of rice by using first season storage and regeneration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relative low temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, and the rice material to be identified with the second marker is a low temperature resistance material; The relative low temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient is greater than or equal to the second threshold value and less than the first threshold value, and the rice material to be identified with the second marker is a relatively low temperature resistance material; The relative low temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient is greater than or equal to the third threshold value and less than the second threshold value, and the rice material to be identified with the second marker is a general low temperature resistance material; The relative low temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold value and less than the third threshold value, and the rice material to be identified with the second marker is a low temperature intolerant material; The relative low temperature resistance fruit setting coefficient is less than the fourth threshold value, and the rice material to be identified with the second marker is a material that is extremely intolerant to low temperatures.

6. The method for identifying high temperature and low temperature resistance of rice by using first season storage and regeneration according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The first threshold is 1.1, the second threshold is 0.9, the third threshold is 0.7, and the fourth threshold is 0.

5.

7. The method for identifying high temperature and low temperature resistance of rice by using first season storage and regeneration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high temperature resistant control variety is Fengliangyou No. 4, and the low temperature resistant control variety is Jinliangyou 1988.

8. Use of the method for identifying high temperature resistance and low temperature resistance of rice by using first season storage regeneration as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 in rice breeding.

9. The use of the method for identifying rice's high temperature and low temperature resistance by using first-season regeneration according to claim 8 in rice breeding, which comprises identifying rice's high temperature and low temperature resistance by the method described in any one of 1-7 during the rice breeding process, eliminating general high temperature resistant materials, or general low temperature resistant materials, or materials that are not resistant to high temperature, or materials that are not resistant to low temperature, or materials that are extremely not resistant to high temperature, or materials that are extremely not resistant to low temperature; under the same conditions, giving priority to high temperature and low temperature resistant rice materials as breeding materials.

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