Plant essential oil feed additive as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mixed feed additives, in particular to a plant essential oil feed additive as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The plant essential oil feed additive disclosed by the invention is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5 percent to 1.5 percent of pepper essential oil, 55 percent to 70 percent of diatomite, 25 percent to 40 percent of calcium carbonate, 0.1 percent to 0.47 percent of CoCl2. 6H2O, 0.1 percent to 0.35 percent of guar gum and 2.5 percent to 3.5 percent of saccharin sodium salt. The plant essential oil feed additive provided by the invention can be used for improving the fattening performance of mutton sheep, obviously improving the feed intake of dry substances (especially coarse grains), improving the feed conversion rate, improving the coarse-fine ratio, reducing rumen acidosis and promoting the health condition of the mutton sheep; the feed can effectively increase the average daily gain of the mutton sheep, improve the growth speed of the mutton sheep, shorten the fattening period and reduce the feed cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mixed feed additives, and in particular to a plant essential oil feed additive and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Roughage plays an extremely important role in the diet of ruminants. First, it is the main energy source in ruminant food: roughage such as grass and hay contains high energy. Although its energy mainly exists in the form of cellulose and is not easily digested and absorbed by animals directly, in the rumen of ruminants, through the action of microorganisms, cellulose can be converted into volatile fatty acids (VFA), which become the main energy material of ruminants, accounting for 70% to 80% of their absorbed energy. Secondly, it can promote rumination: the intake of roughage can stimulate the rumination behavior of ruminants. During the rumination process, animals will secrete a large amount of saliva. The alkaline substances in the saliva can neutralize the acid produced by fermentation in the rumen, maintain the normal pH value of the rumen, and ensure the healthy operation of the rumen microbial community. Thirdly, it can promote intestinal health: roughage helps stimulate the intestinal peristalsis of ruminants and improve their ability to absorb and excrete nutrients. In dairy cow breeding, feeding an appropriate amount of roughage can prevent metabolic diseases such as decreased milk fat rate and hoof inflammation. Furthermore, it has good cost-effectiveness: roughage usually has the advantages of multiple procurement channels and low prices. Roughage that has been properly processed is easier for ruminants to digest and absorb, which not only meets the nutritional needs of ruminants, but also significantly reduces feeding costs. In addition, it is the main source of nutrients in ruminant food: roughage is rich in nutrients such as protein, cellulose, and water-soluble carbohydrates, and is an indispensable part of ruminant diets. Finally, it helps protect the environment: using roughage as an important part of ruminant diets can reduce dependence on concentrated feeds, reduce the consumption of food resources, and is conducive to the sustainable use of resources and environmental protection.

[0003] At present, in order to increase growth rate, ruminants use a large amount of concentrate feed during the fattening period, and the concentrate-to-roughage ratio even reaches 9:1, which makes the feed cost high. At the same time, the carbohydrate content in concentrate feed is high, especially the rapidly digested starch, which easily produces a large amount of acidic substances after entering the rumen, leading to rumen acidosis. Concentrate feed often lacks crude fiber. Long-term single feeding of concentrate feed may lead to nutritional imbalance of ruminants, which is not conducive to healthy growth.

[0004] The fattening period is a stage in which animals gain weight and improve meat quality through specific feeding and management measures during their growth. The fattening period is affected by factors such as breed, nutritional level, health status, environment and management, and directly determines the economic benefits of the mutton industry. Under high-concentrate conditions (taking the control group as an example), the daily weight gain of mutton sheep during the fattening period is generally 100~180g, and the market weight range of mutton sheep is between 20~50kg. It generally takes 3~6 months to reach the market weight, and the daily feed cost of mutton sheep is about 3.00 yuan. Therefore, reducing the amount of concentrate feed, improving the conversion rate of roughage, and shortening the fattening period are of great significance to the economic benefits of mutton sheep farming.

[0005] In modern animal husbandry, feed additives are the core component of compound feed. It is worth noting that in recent years, the problem of abuse of antibiotics and chemical synthetic additives in animal husbandry has been particularly serious, and this phenomenon has attracted widespread attention. With the in-depth development of the additive industry, people have begun to realize the potential hazards of chemical synthetic additives and antibiotics, including the risk of drug-resistant bacteria spreading through the food chain and the impact of chemical substances on health that may accumulate in the human body. Many countries have begun to restrict or even completely ban the use of antibiotics as feed additives, among which Sweden, Denmark and the European Union have fully implemented this policy. The modern feed industry must take the path of non-toxic, residue-free and sustainable development, which indicates that it has become a general trend to find and develop new, green, safe and efficient alternatives to antibiotics and chemical synthetic additives.

[0006] Antibiotic substitutes such as plant extracts (plant essential oils), organic acids, feed enzymes and / or microbial preparations have been well used in animal feed. Among them, plant essential oils, as substitutes for antibiotics, have antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral effects, which can reduce the number of intestinal pathogens; improve feed flavor and palatability, increase feed intake, and increase body weight; increase saliva and digestive enzyme activity, promote feed digestion and absorption; improve the ability of intestinal epithelial cells to regenerate villi and enhance intestinal absorption. Polyphenol compounds in plant extracts are the main active ingredients that play an antioxidant stress role, and have great potential for application in the field of feed additives.

[0007] Under the conditions of intensive breeding and high-concentrate feed, plant feed additive products mainly achieve health maintenance through antioxidant, immune, and gastrointestinal flora regulation, increase the proportion of roughage in the diet and nutritional value, promote feed conversion rate, and thus shorten the fattening period. Plant essential oil feed additive products have not been reported. At the same time, the commercially available plant essential oil feed additive products are mainly oregano essential oil. At present, oregano essential oil has excellent effects on livestock and poultry resistance to heat stress, improving immunity and anti-oxidation, and has been widely recognized by the breeding industry at home and abroad. However, in terms of planting area and technology, oregano essential oil in China has special requirements for soil because oregano likes a warm and sunny environment, and requires well-drained and organic-rich soil. This limits its planting in some areas, and the content of oregano essential oil varies at different growth stages of the plant. The choice of harvesting time has a great influence on the quality of the essential oil. If the harvesting time is inappropriate, it may affect the content and active ingredients of the essential oil. In addition, oregano essential oil is sensitive to light and high temperature, and improper storage conditions may lead to its quality decline and cost increase. The domestic planting area of ​​oregano is relatively small, and the price of imported oregano is about ten times that of domestically grown oregano. At the same time, there is a large gap between my country and developed countries such as the United States in the field of basic research on the application of plant essential oils, especially the late start of research on the immobilization, micronization, and preparation technology of plant essential oils and their practical application in the field of breeding. The stability of plant essential oils is poor, and the advantages of rich aromatic plant resources have not been transformed into product advantages, which limits their application in efficient and healthy livestock breeding. Therefore, it is of great economic value to screen domestically distributed, simple purification process, high essential oil yield, stable and consistent performance, and relatively low cost characteristic aromatic plant resources, innovate and develop the fixation and micronization technology of plant essential oils, determine the cost-effective plant essential oil preparation process technology system, combine with non-nutritional additives, and create functional plant essential oil health maintenance products, such as plant essential oil feed additive products that improve feed conversion rate and shorten fattening period, etc.

[0008] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a plant essential oil feed additive and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0010] Specifically, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a plant essential oil feed additive, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.5%-1.5% of pepper essential oil, 55%-70% of diatomaceous earth, 25%-40% of calcium carbonate, 0.1%-0.47% of CoCl2·6H2O, 0.1%-0.35% of guar gum, and 2.5%-3.5% of saccharin sodium.

[0011] The present invention uses pepper essential oil as the main active ingredient of the feed additive, and prepares the plant essential oil feed additive together with a carrier component composed of diatomaceous earth and calcium carbonate and other auxiliary material components. The plant essential oil feed additive can be used to improve the fattening performance of mutton sheep, significantly increase the intake of dry matter (especially coarse grains), improve feed conversion rate, improve crude to concentrate ratio, reduce rumen acidosis, and promote the health of mutton sheep; it can effectively increase the average daily weight gain of mutton sheep, improve the growth rate of mutton sheep, shorten the fattening period, and reduce feed costs.

[0012] Preferably, the plant essential oil feed additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.8%-1.2% of pepper essential oil, 60%-66% of diatomaceous earth, 29.5%-35.5% of calcium carbonate, 0.2%-0.37% of CoCl2·6H2O, 0.2%-0.25% of guar gum, and 2.85%-3.1% of saccharin sodium.

[0013] Further preferably, in a more specific embodiment provided by the present invention,

[0014] The plant essential oil feed additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.8% of pepper essential oil, 66% of diatomaceous earth, 29.5% of calcium carbonate, 0.23% of guar gum, 0.37% of CoCl2·6H2O, and 3.1% of saccharin sodium.

[0015] Alternatively, the plant essential oil feed additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.2% of pepper essential oil, 60% of diatomaceous earth, 35.5% of calcium carbonate, 0.25% of guar gum, 0.2% of CoCl2·6H2O, and 2.85% of saccharin sodium.

[0016] Alternatively, the plant essential oil feed additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1% of prickly ash essential oil, 64% of diatomaceous earth, 31.5% of calcium carbonate, 0.2% of guar gum, 0.3% of CoCl2·6H2O, and 3% of saccharin sodium.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the plant essential oil feed additive, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: mixing diatomaceous earth and calcium carbonate to obtain a pretreated carrier; The pepper essential oil and the surfactant are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:2-6, preferably in a volume ratio of 1:3, to obtain an oil phase mixed sample; the oil phase mixed sample is mixed with deionized water, and ultrasonic emulsification is performed to obtain an emulsion with a mass fraction of 12.5%±2%.

[0018] The emulsion and the pretreated carrier are mixed in a ratio of 1 ml:13 g±4 g, preferably in a ratio of 1 ml:12.5 g, and stirred for 2-3 hours to obtain a dispersed carrier of Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil; Mixing CoCl2·6H2O, guar gum and sodium saccharin and stirring for 30-60 minutes to obtain a mixed auxiliary material; The mixed auxiliary material and the Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil dispersion carrier are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:25±3, preferably in a mass ratio of 1:27.6, and stirred for 30-45 minutes.

[0019] The plant essential oil feed additive of the present invention is composed of pepper essential oil, a carrier and other auxiliary materials. The preparation method provided by the present invention uses emulsification technology to make the water-in-oil particle size of pepper essential oil less than 2 μm, and further adjusts the ratio of each component (pepper essential oil, diatomaceous earth, calcium carbonate, CoCl2·6H2O, sodium saccharin, guar gum) in the plant essential oil feed additive to finally achieve: on the one hand, improve the fattening performance of mutton sheep, significantly increase the dry matter intake, especially increase the roughage intake, improve the concentrate-to-roughage ratio, reduce rumen acidosis, and promote health; on the other hand, effectively increase the average daily weight gain of mutton sheep, increase the growth rate of mutton sheep, shorten the fattening period, and reduce the feed cost.

[0020] Preferably, the diatomaceous earth and the calcium carbonate are pulverized to have a particle size of 60-80 meshes.

[0021] Preferably, the surfactant comprises Tween 80, Span 80 and anhydrous ethanol, and the volume ratio of Tween 80, Span 80 and anhydrous ethanol is 1-2:1-2:1-2.

[0022] More preferably, the surfactant is obtained by mixing Tween 80, Span 80 and anhydrous ethanol in a volume ratio of 1:1:1.

[0023] Preferably, the ultrasonic emulsification method comprises: stirring at 100-150 r / min for 10±2 min at a temperature of 40±5° C.; and then ultrasonic treatment at 20±2 kHz and 70%±5% intensity for 5±1 min.

[0024] In one of the more specific preferred embodiments provided by the present invention, the method for preparing the plant essential oil feed additive having the function of promoting the growth and development of mutton sheep comprises the following steps: (1) Carrier pretreatment: The diatomaceous earth and calcium carbonate are crushed into fine particles by a pulverizer to increase their surface area and improve adsorption capacity. At the same time, impurities and uneven particles in the particles are screened and removed. The diatomaceous earth and calcium carbonate are then mixed evenly by a blender to improve adsorption efficiency and help to evenly disperse the essential oils.

[0025] (2) Emulsification: At room temperature, Tween 80, Span 80 and anhydrous ethanol were mixed in a ratio of 1:1:1 (volume ratio) to form a mixed surfactant.

[0026] Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil was weighed and mixed with a mixed surfactant at a ratio of 1:3 (volume ratio) at 40° C. to obtain an oil phase mixed sample.

[0027] At a constant temperature of 40°C, take a mixed oil phase sample, add 40°C deionized water, and stir magnetically at 100-150r / min for 10 minutes. Treat the emulsion at 20kHZ and 70% ultrasonic intensity for 5 minutes to obtain an emulsion with a mass fraction of 12.5%. The microemulsion particle size was measured to be less than 2μm.

[0028] (3) Fixed

[0029] The emulsified Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil emulsion was mixed with the pretreated carrier in a ratio of 1 ml:12.5 g, and fully stirred for 2-3 hours using a mechanical stirrer until the Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil was evenly dispersed in the carrier.

[0030] (4) Other auxiliary material processing: Stir CoCl2·6H2O, guar gum and sodium saccharin in a blender for 30-60 minutes to mix well.

[0031] (5) Mixing

[0032] Add the powders of other auxiliary materials into the dried Zanthoxylum essential oil carrier mixture at a ratio of 1:27.6 (mass ratio), stir thoroughly for 30-45 minutes, and mix evenly.

[0033] (6) Cooling

[0034] The product is cooled to room temperature to obtain the plant essential oil feed additive.

[0035] (7) Packaging and storage

[0036] Package the cooled plant essential oil feed additives and store them in a dry, cool, ventilated place, avoiding direct sunlight and high temperature to maintain the sealing and stability of the product.

[0037] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an animal feed, which comprises a basic feed and also comprises the plant essential oil feed additive described above or the plant essential oil feed additive prepared by the preparation method.

[0038] In a fourth aspect, the present invention also provides the use of the plant essential oil feed additive or the plant essential oil feed additive prepared by the preparation method or the animal feed in increasing the roughage intake of mutton sheep, shortening the fattening period, and reducing feed costs.

[0039] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a plant essential oil feed additive and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the plant essential oil feed additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5%-1.5% of pepper essential oil, 55%-70% of diatomaceous earth, 25%-40% of calcium carbonate, 0.1%-0.47% of CoCl2·6H2O, 0.1%-0.35% of guar gum, and 2.5%-3.5% of saccharin sodium. The plant essential oil feed additive provided by the present invention can be used to improve the fattening performance of mutton sheep, can significantly increase the intake of dry matter (especially coarse grains), improve feed conversion rate, improve the ratio of coarse to fine, reduce rumen acidosis, and promote the health of mutton sheep; it can effectively increase the average daily weight gain of mutton sheep, improve the growth rate of mutton sheep, shorten the fattening period, and reduce feed costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be described below.

[0041] Figure 1 The electron microscope comparison pictures are shown in Figure 1. (a) is the electron microscope picture of the carrier, the crystals are fibrous, and the diameter is 1-20μm; (b) is the electron microscope picture of the carrier loaded with pepper essential oil, pepper oil is loaded on the crystal fibrous carrier; (c) is the electron microscope picture of the carrier loaded with pepper essential oil after emulsification, the emulsified pepper essential oil fills part of the pores of the carrier, making the pore structure irregular, although some large pores (about 2 mm) are not completely filled, but the nano-scale pores are almost all filled.

[0042] Figure 2 The following are the particle size comparison photos of pepper essential oil after emulsification and before emulsification. Among them, (d) is the water-in-oil particle size diagram of pepper essential oil after emulsification, and the particle size is below 2μm; (e) is the control particle size diagram of pepper essential oil without emulsification in organic solvent, and the oil droplets are unevenly distributed and irregular in shape. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention aims at the problems existing in the prior art and the defect that the domestic rich aromatic resource advantage has not been transformed into an economic advantage, and provides a plant essential oil feed additive for improving the fattening performance of mutton sheep, and a preparation method and application thereof. The plant essential oil feed additive can significantly increase the dry matter intake, especially the roughage intake, improve the feed conversion rate, improve the concentrate-to-roughage ratio, reduce rumen acidosis, and promote health by adjusting the dosage of pepper essential oil and other ingredients. On the other hand, it can effectively increase the average daily weight gain of mutton sheep, improve the growth rate of mutton sheep, shorten the fattening period, and reduce feed costs.

[0044] Specifically, the plant essential oil feed additive provided by the present invention can effectively increase the roughage intake of mutton sheep and shorten the fattening period, and contains 0.5%-1.5% prickly ash essential oil (mainly composed of limonene, sabinene, linalool, etc.) by mass ratio. Prickly ash belongs to the genus Prickly ash of the Rutaceae family and is mainly distributed in China and some Southeast Asian countries. As a traditional Chinese medicine, prickly ash has a series of pharmacological effects, and has significant therapeutic effects in treating inflammation, abdominal pain, toothache, asthma, analgesia, relieving eczema and relieving itching. In addition, prickly ash also has a variety of pharmacological activities, including analgesic, antifungal and antibacterial, antioxidant and antitumor effects. As a kind of plant essential oil, prickly ash essential oil has many effects such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant. In addition, the carrier of the plant essential oil feed additive is diatomaceous earth and calcium carbonate. Diatomaceous earth is a natural organic siliceous sedimentary rock, mainly composed of the remains of diatoms. It has a highly porous structure with a porosity of more than 80%, which makes it have a large surface area and thus has good adsorption performance. Diatomaceous earth is non-toxic, non-irritating, has good compatibility with biological tissues, has stable chemical properties, and is not easy to react chemically with other substances. Calcium carbonate is a common inorganic compound, a white solid, alkaline, and often exists in the form of limestone or calcite. The present invention mainly uses calcium carbonate to improve the texture and stability of the product.

[0045] The present invention does not particularly limit the specific sources of the pepper essential oil, diatomaceous earth, calcium carbonate, CoCl2·6H2O, guar gum, and saccharin sodium, and any conventional commercially available products in the field can be used. In the embodiments provided by the present invention, pepper essential oil was purchased from Guizhou Xuande Biotechnology Co., Ltd., feed-grade diatomaceous earth and feed-grade calcium carbonate were purchased from Licheng District Bainachuan Chemical Business Department, feed-grade CoCl2·6H2O was purchased from Lingshou County Zhaochen Products Co., Ltd., and food-grade guar gum and saccharin sodium were purchased from Hebei Jiuxing Chemical Products Co., Ltd.

[0046] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the examples, but they should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the examples are conventional methods; the materials and reagents used can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] This embodiment provides a plant essential oil feed additive for fattening mutton sheep to promote growth and development, and the feed additive includes the following components in percentage by weight: 0.8% Zanthoxylum essential oil, 66% diatomaceous earth, 29.5% calcium carbonate, 0.23% guar gum, 0.37% CoCl2·6H2O, 3.1% saccharin sodium.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] This embodiment provides a plant essential oil feed additive for fattening mutton sheep to promote growth and development, and the feed additive includes the following components in percentage by weight: 1.2% Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil, 60% diatomaceous earth, 35.5% calcium carbonate, 0.25% guar gum, 0.2% CoCl2·6H2O, 2.85% saccharin sodium.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] This embodiment provides a plant essential oil feed additive for fattening mutton sheep to promote growth and development, and the feed additive includes the following components in percentage by weight: 1% Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil, 64% diatomaceous earth, 31.5% calcium carbonate, 0.20% guar gum, 0.3% CoCl2·6H2O, 3% saccharin sodium.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] This embodiment provides a method for preparing the plant essential oil feed additive described in embodiments 1-3, comprising the following steps: (1) Carrier pretreatment: The diatomaceous earth and calcium carbonate are crushed into fine particles by a pulverizer to increase their surface area and improve adsorption capacity. At the same time, impurities and uneven particles in the particles are screened and removed. Then the diatomaceous earth and calcium carbonate are mixed evenly by a blender to improve adsorption efficiency and help to evenly disperse the essential oil. Figure 1 Middle (a) figure.

[0055] (2) Emulsification: At room temperature, Tween 80, Span 80 and anhydrous ethanol were mixed in a ratio of 1:1:1 (volume ratio) to form a mixed surfactant.

[0056] Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil was weighed and mixed with a mixed surfactant at a ratio of 1:3 (volume ratio) at 40° C. to obtain an oil phase mixed sample.

[0057] At a constant temperature of 40°C, take a mixed oil phase sample, add 40°C deionized water, stir magnetically at 100-150r / min for 10 minutes, treat the emulsion at 20kHZ and 70% ultrasonic intensity for 5 minutes, and obtain an emulsion with a mass fraction of 12.5%. The particle size of the microemulsion is less than 2μm (Table 1). Figure 2 Middle (d) figure.

[0058] Table 1: Median diameter, average diameter and variance of pepper essential oil emulsion

[0059] (3) Fixed

[0060] The emulsified Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil emulsion was mixed with the pretreated carrier in a ratio of 1 ml:12.5 g, and stirred thoroughly for 2-3 hours using a mechanical stirrer until the Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil was evenly dispersed in the carrier.

[0061] (4) Other auxiliary material processing: Stir CoCl2·6H2O, guar gum and sodium saccharin in a blender for 30-60 minutes to mix well.

[0062] (5) Mixing

[0063] Add the powder of other auxiliary materials into the dried Zanthoxylum essential oil carrier mixture at a mass ratio of 1:27.6, stir thoroughly for 30-45 minutes, and mix evenly. Figure 1 Middle (c) figure.

[0064] (6) Cooling

[0065] The product is cooled to room temperature to obtain the plant essential oil feed additive.

[0066] (7) Packaging and storage

[0067] Package the cooled plant essential oil feed additives and store them in a dry, cool, ventilated place, avoiding direct sunlight and high temperature to maintain the sealing and stability of the product.

[0068] Example 6

[0069] This example verifies the function of the plant essential oil feed additive provided in Example 1.

[0070] (1) Thirty-two fattening sheep with a healthy body weight of 18.72 ± 2.23 kg were selected as experimental animals. They were randomly divided into groups, with 16 sheep in each group, and their weights were recorded.

[0071] (2) Feeding method: Control group: concentrate + coarse feed, where the concentrate contains 5% premix.

[0072] Example group: concentrate + coarse feed. The concentrate contains 5% of premix, and is further added with the plant essential oil feed additive provided in Example 1, and the amount of the plant essential oil feed additive in the concentrate is 4 g / kg.

[0073] The formula of the total mixed diet was provided by the New Rural Development Research Institute of Northwest Normal University, as shown in Table 2. All diet ingredients except the premix were provided by Shanhu Breeding Farm in Ganzhou District, Zhangye City; the premix was provided by the New Rural Development Research Institute of Northwest Normal University and commissioned to be produced by Ascentage Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0074] Table 2 Composition and nutritional level of basal diet

[0075] (3) The pre-trial period is 10 days, the trial period is 100 days, and the total is 110 days. Record the daily roughage and concentrate intake. After the feeding trial, weigh and record the data.

[0076] (4) Experimental results

[0077] The results of the effect of the plant essential oil feed additive of the present invention on growth performance are shown in Table 3.

[0078] Table 3 Effects of adding plant essential oil feed additives to diet on growth performance of mutton sheep

[0079] According to the data analysis of Table 3 above, the fattening sheep added with the plant essential oil feed additive of the present invention are significantly better than the control group in terms of growth performance. Specifically, the final body weight and average daily weight gain of the sheep in the example group are significantly higher than those in the control group ( P <0.05), indicating that the plant essential oil feed additive of the present invention can effectively promote the weight gain of mutton sheep. In addition, the mutton sheep in the example group also showed significant advantages in roughage intake and dry matter intake ( P <0.05), which shows that the plant essential oil feed additive of the present invention can not only stimulate the appetite of mutton sheep, but also improve their digestion and absorption efficiency of feed. Therefore, the mutton sheep in the example group added with the plant essential oil feed additive of the present invention showed better effects than the control group in terms of growth performance and feed utilization.

[0080] The effects of the plant essential oil feed additive of the present invention on the fattening period and economic benefits are shown in Tables 4 and 5.

[0081] Table 4 Effects of adding plant essential oil feed additives to the diet on fattening period of mutton sheep

[0082] Table 5 Effects of adding plant essential oil feed additives to diet on the economic benefits of mutton sheep

[0083] According to the data analysis of Table 4 above, after adding the plant essential oil feed additive of the present invention, the example group of mutton sheep not only significantly improved the growth rate, but also shortened the fattening cycle, achieving a time saving effect of 21 days. The use of this additive effectively improves the fattening efficiency and accelerates the growth of mutton sheep, thereby achieving optimization in both time and cost.

[0084] Table 5 shows that the plant essential oil feed additive of the present invention is used, and the total fattening cost of the example group is 33.49 yuan per mutton sheep compared with the control group, which shows that the economic benefits of the plant essential oil feed additive of the present invention are significant. It not only improves the economic benefits of mutton sheep breeding and increases the income of farmers, but also saves feed costs and reduces labor input by reducing the feed-to-meat ratio. Therefore, the use of the plant essential oil feed additive of the present invention is not only effective, but also economical and affordable, providing more benefits and convenience for mutton sheep breeding.

[0085] In summary, the plant essential oil feed additive provided by the present invention can be added to the daily diet of mutton sheep. On the one hand, it can significantly increase the dry matter intake, especially the roughage intake, improve the feed conversion rate, improve the concentrate-roughage ratio, reduce rumen acidosis, and promote health. On the other hand, it can effectively increase the average daily weight gain of mutton sheep, increase the growth rate of mutton sheep, shorten the fattening period, and reduce feed costs. Shorten the fattening period and effectively improve the economic benefits of mutton sheep breeding by increasing the dry matter intake, especially the roughage intake. This can not only increase the market weight and improve the feed conversion efficiency, but also reduce the demand for breeding space, reduce environmental pollution, save feed costs and reduce labor input.

[0086] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, which are convenient for understanding the technical solution of the present invention in detail, but cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant essential oil feed additive, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5%-1.5% of prickly ash essential oil, 55%-70% of diatomaceous earth, 25%-40% of calcium carbonate, 0.1%-0.47% of CoCl2·6H2O, 0.1%-0.35% of guar gum, and 2.5%-3.5% of saccharin sodium.

2. The plant essential oil feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.8%-1.2% of prickly ash essential oil, 60%-66% of diatomaceous earth, 29.5%-35.5% of calcium carbonate, 0.2%-0.37% of CoCl2·6H2O, 0.2%-0.25% of guar gum, and 2.85%-3.1% of saccharin sodium.

3. The plant essential oil feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composition includes the following components in percentage by mass: 0.8% of prickly ash essential oil, 66% of diatomaceous earth, 29.5% of calcium carbonate, 0.23% of guar gum, 0.37% of CoCl2·6H2O, and 3.1% of saccharin sodium; Alternatively, the components may include the following mass percentages: 1.2% Zanthoxylum essential oil, 60% diatomaceous earth, 35.5% calcium carbonate, 0.25% guar gum, 0.2% CoCl2·6H2O, 2.85% saccharin sodium; Alternatively, the components may include the following mass percentages: 1% Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil, 64% diatomaceous earth, 31.5% calcium carbonate, 0.2% guar gum, 0.3% CoCl2·6H2O, 3% saccharin sodium.

4. The method for preparing the plant essential oil feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The steps include: mixing diatomaceous earth and calcium carbonate to obtain a pretreated carrier; The pepper essential oil and the surfactant are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:2-6 to obtain an oil phase mixed sample; the oil phase mixed sample is mixed with deionized water, and ultrasonic emulsification is performed to obtain an emulsion with a mass fraction of 12.5%±2%; The emulsion and the pretreated carrier are mixed in a mass ratio of 1 ml:13 g±4 g, and stirred for 2-3 h to obtain a Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil dispersion carrier; Mixing CoCl2·6H2O, guar gum and sodium saccharin and stirring for 30-60 minutes to obtain a mixed auxiliary material; The mixed auxiliary material and the Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil dispersion carrier are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:25±3, and stirred for 30-45 minutes.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diatomaceous earth and the calcium carbonate are pulverized, and the particle size after pulverization is 60-80 meshes.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surfactant comprises Tween 80, Span 80 and anhydrous ethanol, and the volume ratio of Tween 80, Span 80 and anhydrous ethanol is 1-2:1-2:1-2.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surfactant is obtained by mixing Tween 80, Span 80 and anhydrous ethanol in a volume ratio of 1:1:

1.

8. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ultrasonic emulsification method comprises: stirring at 100-150 r / min for 10±2 min under the temperature condition of 40±5° C.; and then ultrasonic treatment at 20±2 kHz and 70%±5% intensity for 5±1 min.

9. Animal feed, characterized in that The invention comprises a basic feed and also comprises the plant essential oil feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the plant essential oil feed additive prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 4 to 8.

10. Use of the plant essential oil feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3, or the plant essential oil feed additive prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 4 to 8, or the animal feed according to claim 9 in increasing the roughage intake of mutton sheep, shortening the fattening period, and reducing feed costs.

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