Compound premixed feed for aquatic products and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of feed processing, and discloses a compound premix feed for aquatic products, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15% of sweet wormwood, 15% of Sanhuang, 5% of ginger powder, 15% of wormwood, 15% of honeysuckle, 15% of dandelion, 5% of ferrous sulfate and 15% of vitamin B6, the weight ratio of the rhizoma coptidis to the cortex phellodendri to the radix scutellariae is 1: 1: 1. Amur corktree bark has the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, eliminating dampness and stopping diarrhea and can improve water quality and reduce reproduction and pollution of harmful microorganisms, honeysuckle flowers have the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials and resisting bacteria and can directly act on fishes and shrimps and can indirectly purify water quality and maintain cleanliness and stability of water, ferrous sulfate supplements iron elements needed by the fishes and shrimps, and the fish and shrimp feed additive is free of toxic and side effects. The fish and shrimps can effectively absorb nutrient substances in water, promote synthesis of hemoglobin, improve oxygen transport capacity, help the fish and shrimps to better absorb the nutrient substances in the water, and reduce dependence and pollution on the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of feed processing, and in particular to a composite premixed feed for aquaculture and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] During aquaculture, fish are vulnerable to various pathogens, especially microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and viruses, which can cause problems such as body rot, spleen, stomach and kidney necrosis, and gill bleeding. These problems not only affect the growth and development of fish, but also lead to an increase in mortality, seriously affecting the benefits of aquaculture.

[0003] After extensive searching, it was found that existing prevention and treatment methods mostly rely on chemical drugs, but long-term use of chemical drugs is not only prone to drug resistance, but also poses a potential threat to the environment and human health. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a natural, safe and effective compound premix feed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to make up for the above deficiencies, the present invention provides a composite premix feed for aquaculture and a preparation process, aiming to improve the problem of "the invasion of various pathogens affects the growth and development of fish" mentioned in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a composite premix feed for aquaculture, comprising the following raw materials in weight percentage: 15% of Artemisia annua, 15% of Panax notoginseng, 5% of ginger powder, 15% of mugwort, 15% of honeysuckle, 15% of dandelion, 5% of ferrous sulfate, and 15% of vitamin B6.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0007] The three yellows specifically include coptis chinensis, phellodendron amurense and scutellaria baicalensis, and the weight ratio between coptis chinensis, phellodendron amurense and scutellaria baicalensis is 1:1:1.

[0008] The preparation process of the composite premixed feed for aquaculture specifically comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1: Select raw materials

[0010] Choose high-quality Artemisia annua, Sanhuang, ginger powder, mugwort, honeysuckle and dandelion;

[0011] S2: Raw material pretreatment

[0012] Wash, dry and crush Artemisia annua, three yellows, ginger powder, mugwort, honeysuckle and dandelion respectively to obtain raw material powder;

[0013] S3: Hybrid

[0014] The raw material powder obtained after washing, drying and pulverizing in step S2 is mixed with vitamin B6 and ferrous sulfate to obtain a premix;

[0015] S4: Mix with feed

[0016] Add the premix obtained in step S3 to the feed and stir thoroughly to obtain a composite premix feed;

[0017] S5: Sterilization packaging

[0018] The composite premixed feed obtained in step S4 is sterilized and then packaged in a sterile environment and sealed in a moisture-proof aluminum foil bag.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0020] In step S2, an ultrasonic cleaning machine is selected for cleaning, and the parameters are set to a frequency of 20kHz-25kHz, a power of 400W-450W, and a time of 8-12min. A low-temperature dryer is selected for drying, and the temperature is set to 35°C-40°C, and the time is 10-15 hours.

[0021] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0022] In the step S2, a wall breaking machine is selected for the pulverizing work, and the grinding time is 5 to 10 minutes, and the grinding fineness is 80-120 meshes.

[0023] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0024] The mixing device in step S3 is a high-speed stirrer with a stirring speed of 100-150 rpm for 5 to 10 minutes.

[0025] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0026] In step S4, the raw material powder is stirred with vitamin B6 and ferrous sulfate using a low-pressure stirrer at a stirring speed of 50-60 rpm for 20 to 30 minutes.

[0027] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0028] The feed in step S4 is puffed feed, and the weight ratio of the premix to the puffed feed is 1:10-1:15.

[0029] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0030] In step S5, pulsed strong light sterilization technology is used for sterilization, the processing time is 3 to 5 minutes, the packaging material is a moisture-proof aluminum foil bag, and the packaging environment is a sterile environment.

[0031] The composite premix feed for aquaculture also includes the following auxiliary materials in percentage by weight: 10% of oligofructose, 2% of potassium sorbate and 3% of tea polyphenols. These auxiliary materials can further enhance the nutritional value and preventive effect of the feed, and improve the taste and stability of the feed.

[0032] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. In the present invention, by adding a variety of Chinese herbal medicine ingredients with antibacterial, antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects, such as Artemisia annua, Sanhuang, Mugwort, Honeysuckle and Taraxacum, these ingredients can effectively enhance the immunity of fish and shrimp, prevent and treat a variety of diseases, reduce the occurrence of diseases and reduce mortality, thereby improving the success rate and yield of breeding.

[0034] 2. In the present invention, ginger powder and wormwood have the effects of warming the middle and dispelling cold and promoting digestion, while dandelion helps to improve the liver function and metabolic capacity of fish and shrimp. Through the joint action of these ingredients, the digestive system function of fish and shrimp can be improved, thereby improving the utilization rate and growth rate of feed, reducing unnecessary feed waste and improving economic benefits.

[0035] 3. In the present invention, by adding trace element additives ferrous sulfate and vitamin B6, the composite premixed feed can not only prevent iron deficiency, promote the synthesis of hemoglobin, and improve oxygen transport capacity, but also participate in amino acid metabolism and protein synthesis, improve the growth rate of fish and shrimp and feed utilization rate, and the auxiliary materials oligofructose, potassium sorbate and tea polyphenols further enhance the nutritional value and stability of the feed, making the feed more suitable as a supplement for long-term breeding.

[0036] 4. In the present invention, Phellodendron chinense has the effects of clearing away heat and detoxifying, drying dampness and stopping diarrhea, can improve water quality, and reduce the reproduction and pollution of harmful microorganisms. Honeysuckle has the effects of clearing away heat and detoxifying and antibacterial, which not only directly acts on fish and shrimp, but also can indirectly purify water quality and maintain the cleanliness and stability of the water body. Ferrous sulfate supplements the iron required by fish and shrimp, promotes the synthesis of hemoglobin, improves oxygen transport capacity, helps fish and shrimp better absorb nutrients in water, and reduces dependence on and pollution to the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] Reference Figure 1 The present embodiment provides a composite premix feed for aquaculture, comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15% of Artemisia annua, 15% of Sanhuang, 5% of ginger powder, 15% of mugwort, 15% of honeysuckle, 15% of dandelion, 5% of ferrous sulfate, and 10% of vitamin B6, wherein Sanhuang refers to a mixture of three Chinese herbal medicines, specifically including Coptis chinensis, Phellodendron chinense and Scutellaria baicalensis, and the weight ratio of Coptis chinensis, Phellodendron chinense and Scutellaria baicalensis is 1:1:1. Specifically, Artemisia annua is a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine with the effects of clearing away heat and detoxification, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, etc., and can Enhance the immunity of aquatic animals such as fish and shrimp, reduce the occurrence of diseases, and help improve the antibacterial properties of feed and the health of fish and shrimp in this formula. Coptis chinensis has strong antibacterial and antiviral effects, and can effectively prevent and treat various diseases of fish. Phellodendron chinense has the effects of clearing away heat and detoxifying, drying dampness and stopping diarrhea, and can improve water quality and the digestive system health of fish and shrimp. Scutellaria baicalensis has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunity-enhancing effects, and can enhance the disease resistance of fish and shrimp. The application of the three yellows in this formula can significantly improve the antibacterial, antiviral and immune-enhancing effects of feed.

[0041] Ginger powder is the powder obtained by crushing dry ginger. It has the effects of warming the middle and dispelling cold, and promoting digestion. In this formula, it can improve the digestive system function of fish and shrimp, improve the utilization rate of feed, and also has certain anthelmintic and antibacterial effects. Mugwort is a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine with the effects of warming the meridians and dispelling cold, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. The volatile oil and flavonoid compounds in mugwort can enhance the immunity of fish and shrimp, and improve the health of the digestive system. In this formula, it helps to improve the disease resistance and growth rate of fish and shrimp. Honeysuckle is a widely used Chinese medicinal material with the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying, antiviral and antibacterial. The chlorogenic acid and luteolin in honeysuckle can effectively prevent and treat various diseases of fish and shrimp, and at the same time improve immunity. In this formula, it helps to maintain the health of fish and shrimp.

[0042] Dandelion is a Chinese herbal medicine with the effects of clearing away heat and detoxifying, and acting as a diuretic and reducing swelling. It is rich in various vitamins and minerals, and can improve the liver function and metabolic capacity of fish and shrimp. In this formula, it helps to enhance the physique and disease resistance of fish and shrimp. Ferrous sulfate is a common trace element additive that can supplement the iron needed by fish and shrimp, promote the synthesis of hemoglobin, and improve oxygen transport capacity. In this formula, it helps to prevent iron deficiency and enhance the growth and development of fish and shrimp. Vitamin B6 is an important water-soluble vitamin that participates in amino acid metabolism and protein synthesis, and can increase the growth rate and feed utilization rate of fish and shrimp. In this formula, it helps to enhance the metabolic capacity and immunity of fish and shrimp and reduce the occurrence of diseases.

[0043] This embodiment also provides a process for preparing a composite premixed feed for aquaculture, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0044] S1: Select raw materials

[0045] Choose high-quality Artemisia annua, Sanhuang, ginger powder, mugwort, honeysuckle and dandelion;

[0046] S2: Raw material pretreatment

[0047] The artemisia annua, three yellows, ginger powder, wormwood, honeysuckle and dandelion are cleaned, dried and crushed respectively to obtain raw material powder. Specifically, an ultrasonic cleaning machine is selected for cleaning, and the parameters are set to a frequency of 20kHz, a power of 400W, and a time of 10min. A low-temperature dryer is selected for drying, and the temperature is set to 35°C for 12 hours. A wall breaking machine is selected for crushing, and the grinding time is 5 minutes, and the grinding fineness is 100 meshes.

[0048] S3: Hybrid

[0049] The raw material powder obtained after washing, drying and crushing in step S2 is mixed with vitamin B6 and ferrous sulfate to obtain a premix, specifically, the mixing equipment is a high-speed stirrer, the stirring speed is 100 rpm, and the time is 6 minutes;

[0050] S4: Mix with feed

[0051] The premix obtained in step S3 is added to the feed, and stirred evenly to obtain a composite premix feed. Specifically, the raw material powder is stirred with vitamin B6 and ferrous sulfate using a low-pressure mixer at a stirring speed of 50 rpm for 20 minutes, wherein the feed is an extruded feed, and the weight ratio of the premix to the extruded feed is 1:12;

[0052] S5: Sterilization packaging

[0053] The composite premixed feed obtained in step S4 is sterilized, and then packaged in a sterile environment, and sealed in a moisture-proof aluminum foil bag. Specifically, the sterilization adopts pulsed strong light sterilization technology, the processing time is 4 minutes, the packaging material is a moisture-proof aluminum foil bag, and the packaging environment is a sterile environment.

[0054] Specific detailed process: Spread the cleaned raw materials evenly on the tray of the dryer to avoid overlapping to ensure that each part can be fully dried. Start the dryer according to the above parameter settings and perform low-temperature drying. Low-temperature drying can effectively remove moisture from the raw materials, prevent mildew and the growth of microorganisms, and keep the active ingredients of the raw materials intact. After drying, take out the raw materials and store them in a dry and ventilated place. Put the dried raw materials into the wall breaking machine respectively, and treat each raw material separately. Then start the wall breaking machine for grinding according to the above parameter settings. After grinding, sieve the raw material powder according to the parameters set in advance to remove larger particles to ensure that the fineness of all raw material powders is consistent. Collect the sieved raw material powders and store them in a clean and dry container for subsequent mixing. Then add the raw material powders of Artemisia annua, Sanhuang, ginger powder, mugwort, honeysuckle and dandelion together with vitamin B6 and ferrous sulfate into the high-speed blender, and start the blender for stirring according to the above parameter settings to ensure that various raw material powders are fully mixed with vitamin B6 and ferrous sulfate.

[0055] Then add the premix to the extruded feed or pellet feed in proportion. The specific proportion can be adjusted according to actual conditions and needs. Use a low-pressure mixer and start the mixer for stirring according to the above parameter settings. Low-pressure stirring can prevent the raw material powder from flying and ensure that the premix and extruded feed are fully mixed. During the stirring process, check the mixing condition every 5 minutes to ensure that the raw materials are evenly distributed. After the stirring is completed, take out the composite premix feed, check the mixing uniformity, and stir again if necessary to ensure the best mixing effect.

[0056] The last step is to put the obtained compound premixed feed into a pulsed strong light sterilization device for sterilization and then package it. The sterilization standard needs to meet the national health standards, and the packaging can be sealed in a moisture-proof aluminum foil bag.

[0057] Embodiment 2

[0058] The present embodiment provides a composite premix feed for aquaculture, comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15% of Artemisia annua, 15% of Three Huangs, 5% of ginger powder, 15% of Artemisia argyi, 15% of Honeysuckle, 15% of Taraxacum, 5% of ferrous sulfate, and 15% of vitamin B6, wherein the Three Huangs specifically include Coptis chinensis, Phellodendron amurense and Scutellaria baicalensis, and the weight ratio of Coptis chinensis, Phellodendron amurense and Scutellaria baicalensis is 1:1:1, and 10% of oligofructose, 2% of potassium sorbate and 3% of tea polyphenols are added.

[0059] Preparation process flow: The other processes are consistent with the processes of Example 1, except that the parameters of the ultrasonic cleaning machine are set to a frequency of 24 kHz, a power of 425 W, and a time of 10 min. For drying, a low-temperature dryer is selected to set the temperature to 37 ° C and the time to 12 h. The stirring speed of the high-speed mixer is 125 rpm and the time is 8 minutes. In addition, the feed to be mixed is selected as granular feed, and the weight ratio of the premix to the granular feed is 1:10.

[0060] Embodiment 3

[0061] The present embodiment provides a composite premix feed for aquaculture, comprising the following raw materials in weight percentage: 15% of Artemisia annua, 15% of Three Huangs, 5% of ginger powder, 15% of Artemisia argyi, 15% of Honeysuckle, 15% of Taraxacum mongolicum, 5% of ferrous sulfate, and 13% of vitamin B6, wherein the Three Huangs specifically include Coptis chinensis, Phellodendron amurense and Scutellaria baicalensis, and the weight ratio of Coptis chinensis, Phellodendron amurense and Scutellaria baicalensis is 1:1:1, and in addition, 10% of oligofructose, 2% of potassium sorbate and 3% of tea polyphenols are added.

[0062] Preparation process flow: Other processes are consistent with those of Example 1, except that the parameters of the ultrasonic cleaning machine are set to a frequency of 24 kHz, a power of 400 W, and a time of 10 min. For drying work, a low-temperature dryer is selected to set the temperature to 35°C and the time to 10 h. The stirring speed of the high-speed mixer is 130 rpm and the time is 8 minutes. In addition, the feed to be mixed is consistent with that of Example 2, and a granular feed is selected, and the weight ratio of the premix to the granular feed is 1:8.

[0063] Through the experiments of the above multiple embodiments, the following table is obtained:

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] The following conclusions can be drawn from the above table:

[0067] Example 1: Cleanliness is good, mixing uniformity needs to be improved, feed water resistance is good. The output is moderate, suitable for large-scale production;

[0068] Example 2: The cleanliness and mixing uniformity are both excellent. The addition of auxiliary materials significantly improves the nutritional value and stability of the feed, but the production cost is relatively high;

[0069] Example 3: The cleanliness is good, the mixing uniformity is good, and the addition of auxiliary materials improves the taste of the feed. At this ratio, the nutritional value of the feed is high, and it also has good cost-effectiveness;

[0070] Comprehensive evaluation: Example 2 performs best in terms of cleanliness, mixing uniformity, and the influence of auxiliary materials on the nutritional value and stability of the feed. However, considering the cost-effectiveness, Example 3 shows better cost control ability while ensuring the quality of the feed, and the taste of the feed is improved, which is suitable for most aquaculture occasions. Therefore, considering the quality and cost comprehensively, Example 3 is a better choice.

[0071] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite premixed feed for aquaculture, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15% of sweet wormwood, 15% of three yellows, 5% of ginger powder, 15% of mugwort, 15% of honeysuckle, 15% of dandelion, 5% of ferrous sulfate and 15% of vitamin B6.

2. The composite premix feed for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three yellows specifically include coptis chinensis, phellodendron amurense and scutellaria baicalensis, and the weight ratio between coptis chinensis, phellodendron amurense and scutellaria baicalensis is 1:1:

1.

3. The process for preparing the composite premix feed for aquaculture according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1: Select raw materials Choose high-quality Artemisia annua, Sanhuang, ginger powder, mugwort, honeysuckle and dandelion; S2: Raw material pretreatment Wash, dry and crush Artemisia annua, three yellows, ginger powder, mugwort, honeysuckle and dandelion respectively to obtain raw material powder; S3: Hybrid The raw material powder obtained after washing, drying and pulverizing in step S2 is mixed with vitamin B6 and ferrous sulfate to obtain a premix; S4: Mix with feed Add the premix obtained in step S3 to the feed and stir thoroughly to obtain a composite premix feed; S5: Sterilized packaging The composite premixed feed obtained in step S4 is sterilized, and then packaged in a sterile environment and sealed in a moisture-proof aluminum foil bag.

4. The process for preparing the composite premix feed for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, an ultrasonic cleaning machine is selected for cleaning, and the parameters are set to a frequency of 20kHz-25kHz, a power of 400W-450W, and a time of 8-12min. A low-temperature dryer is selected for drying, and the temperature is set to 35°C-40°C, and the time is 10-15 hours.

5. The process for preparing the composite premix feed for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, a wall breaking machine is selected for the pulverizing work, and the grinding time is 5 to 10 minutes, and the grinding fineness is 80-120 meshes.

6. The process for preparing the composite premix feed for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing device in step S3 is a high-speed stirrer with a stirring speed of 100-150 rpm for 5 to 10 minutes.

7. The process for preparing the composite premix feed for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the raw material powder is stirred with vitamin B6 and ferrous sulfate using a low-pressure stirrer at a stirring speed of 50-60 rpm for 20 to 30 minutes.

8. The process for preparing the composite premix feed for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed in step S4 is puffed feed, and the weight ratio of the premix to the puffed feed is 1:10-1:

15.

9. The process for preparing the composite premix feed for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, pulsed strong light sterilization technology is used for sterilization, the processing time is 3 to 5 minutes, the packaging material is a moisture-proof aluminum foil bag, and the packaging environment is a sterile environment.

10. The composite premix feed for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed also includes the following auxiliary materials in percentage by weight: 10% of oligofructose, 2% of potassium sorbate and 3% of tea polyphenols. These auxiliary materials can further enhance the nutritional value and preventive effect of the feed, and improve the taste and stability of the feed.

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