Lathe machining positioning clamp

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of clamps, in particular to a lathe machining positioning clamp which comprises a chuck base, a solid cover plate and movable clamping jaws, the chuck base and the solid cover plate are coaxially arranged and detachably connected, the multiple movable clamping jaws are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction with the solid cover plate as the circle center, and the movable clamping jaws are slidably connected with the chuck base. The sliding directions of the multiple movable clamping jaws intersect with the axis direction of the middle solid cover plate. The workpiece comprises a special-shaped part and a neatening part, a plurality of supporting pieces are arranged on the surface of the middle solid cover plate, and the supporting pieces are used for supporting the special-shaped part and jacking up the whole workpiece. Compared with a traditional method, according to the technical scheme, the limiting claw is arranged at the end of the movable clamping claw, and the outer edge outline of the limiting claw is matched with the shape of the normalizing part, so that higher positioning precision and better stability and adaptability can be achieved when a special-shaped workpiece is limited, workpiece deformation can be remarkably reduced, the machining precision and efficiency are improved, and the machining cost is reduced. The production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fixtures, and in particular to a lathe machining positioning fixture. Background Art

[0002] The three-jaw chuck is a widely used fixing fixture, which is mainly composed of a chuck body, movable jaws and a jaw driving mechanism. It has the advantages of simple structure and easy operation.

[0003] The patent document with patent announcement number: CN220659268U discloses a fixing fixture for a CNC lathe, including a chuck seat, a sliding jaw assembly, a slide seat, a first slider, a guide groove, a slide groove, a first mounting hole, a second mounting hole, a screw, a connecting piece, a second slider, a fixing seat, a receiving groove, a spring, a limit groove, a clamping block, a jaw head, a limit block, a through groove and a scale; the sliding jaw assembly of the utility model is designed with a detachable jaw head and a fine-adjustable fixing seat, the jaw head can be directly replaced after wear, and by replacing different types of jaw heads, the three-jaw chuck can clamp different types of parts, thereby expanding the scope of use, the jaw head is limited by a limit block and a clamping block, can be stably installed on the fixing seat, and the clamping block uses a spring to achieve automatic clamping, which has the advantage of easy disassembly and assembly; the designed fixing seat uses screws to achieve position fine-tuning, so that it can be suitable for different types of jaw heads, and can also reduce centering errors.

[0004] Although the above scheme expands the scope of use of the three-jaw chuck, it is still insufficient in terms of machining accuracy, especially for some special-shaped workpieces. Currently, for automobile engine parts, the accuracy of many dimensions is required to be as high as 0.015mm, which requires the deformation of the workpiece to be very small during the machining process. However, the ordinary three-jaw clamp has a small positioning contact surface, and it is difficult to ensure that the parts are not deformed by only three-point positioning, thus failing to meet the processing requirements of high-precision lathes. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a lathe machining positioning fixture, which solves the problem of insufficient precision and large deformation of workpieces when machining special workpieces on current high-precision lathes.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A lathe machining positioning fixture, used for limiting and clamping a workpiece, comprises a chuck seat, a solid cover plate and movable jaws, wherein the chuck seat and the solid cover plate are coaxially arranged and detachably connected, a plurality of movable jaws are circumferentially spaced with the solid cover plate as the center, the movable jaws are slidably connected to the chuck seat, and the sliding directions of the plurality of movable jaws intersect with the axial direction of the solid cover plate;

[0008] The workpiece includes a special-shaped portion and a regular portion, and a plurality of support members are arranged on the surface of the solid cover plate, and the support members are used to support the special-shaped portion and lift up the workpiece as a whole;

[0009] A limiting claw is arranged at the end of the movable clamping claw, and the outer edge contour of the limiting claw matches the shape of the regular part. After being acted upon by the driving force, the movable clamping claw drives the limiting claw to abut against the regular part until the workpiece is limited and fixed.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the support members are detachably connected to the solid cover plate, a surface of the solid cover plate is provided with a strip groove extending toward its axis, and the support members slide along the strip groove to adjust the spacing between adjacent support members.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the support member includes a gasket, a movable block and a boss arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and both sides of the gasket and the movable block are provided with installation grooves for inserting screws, and the position of the installation groove matches the position of the strip groove.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, a channel for gas delivery is formed inside the convex column, the top of the convex column is chamfered, and a nozzle connected to the channel is opened at the top of the convex column.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, a step groove is provided at the end of the movable claw, and the limiting claw is detachably mounted at the step groove by a locking bolt.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, a sliding groove is provided on the surface of the step groove, the sliding groove is an arc-shaped strip groove, a continuous limiting groove is provided on the top of the inner wall of the sliding groove along the extending direction of the sliding groove, and a plurality of threaded holes are provided at intervals at the bottom of the sliding groove;

[0015] The locking bolt passes through the limiting claw, a bolt head is arranged on the top of the locking bolt, a threaded portion is arranged on the bottom of the locking bolt, the threaded portion is threadedly connected with the threaded hole, a limiting slide is also slidably sleeved between the locking bolt corresponding to the bolt head and the threaded portion, and the limiting slide moves back and forth in the limiting groove.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the height of the threaded portion is smaller than the distance between the limiting groove and the threaded hole.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the outer diameter of the threaded portion is greater than the inner diameter of the limiting slide.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, an avoidance gap is formed on the outer edge contour of the limiting claw corresponding to the supporting member.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the chuck seat is detachably connected to the lathe spindle via an adapter sleeve on the back of the chuck seat.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0021] Compared with the traditional method, the technical solution provides a limiting claw at the end of the movable claw, and the outer edge contour of the limiting claw matches the shape of the regular part, so that it can have higher positioning accuracy, better stability and adaptability when limiting special-shaped workpieces, can significantly reduce workpiece deformation, improve processing accuracy and efficiency, and reduce production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 is a stereoscopic view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a side view of a workpiece in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional view of a workpiece in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional view of a solid cover plate and a support member in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional view of a support member in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional view of a movable claw in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional view of a limiting claw in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 is a three-dimensional view of a sliding slot in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a sliding groove in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional view of a locking bolt in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. chuck seat; 2. solid cover plate; 21. strip groove; 3. movable claw; 31. step groove; 32. limiting hole; 33. sliding groove; 34. limiting groove; 35. threaded hole; 4. limiting claw; 5. workpiece; 51. middle edge; 52. frustum; 53. boss; 54. connecting hole; 6. support member; 61. gasket; 62. movable block; 63. mounting groove; 64. boss; 7. locking bolt; 71. bolt head; 72. threaded portion; 73. limiting slide. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, a lathe processing positioning fixture is used for limiting and clamping a workpiece 5, including a chuck seat 1, a solid cover plate 2 and a movable jaw 3. The chuck seat 1 and the solid cover plate 2 are coaxially arranged and detachably connected. A plurality of movable jaws 3 are circumferentially spaced with the solid cover plate 2 as the center. The movable jaws 3 are slidably connected to the chuck seat 1, and the sliding directions of the plurality of movable jaws 3 intersect with the axial direction of the solid cover plate 2; the workpiece 5 includes a special-shaped portion and a regular portion, and a plurality of support members 6 are arranged on the surface of the solid cover plate 2, and the support members 6 are used to support the special-shaped portion and lift the workpiece 5 as a whole; a limiting claw 4 is arranged at the end of the movable claw 3, and the outer edge contour of the limiting claw 4 matches the shape of the regular portion. After being acted upon by a driving force, the movable jaw 3 drives the limiting claw 4 to abut against the regular portion until the workpiece 5 is limited and fixed.

[0036] According to the above technical solution, when limiting the position of the workpiece 5, the workpiece 5 is placed in the middle position of the solid cover plate 2. At this time, the special-shaped part of the workpiece 5 contacts the multiple support members 6 and is lifted up as a whole. At this time, the regular part of the workpiece 5 is exposed and can be accurately limited and clamped; then the movable claws 3 are driven to move, and the multiple movable claws 3 move toward the workpiece 5 until the multiple limiting claws 4 are engaged with the regular part of the workpiece 5 from different directions, thereby pressing the workpiece 5 located in the middle position of the solid cover plate 2.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the workpiece 5 is an irregular structure, the middle position of the workpiece 5 is the middle edge 51, the middle edge 51 extends and protrudes outward, and the two sides of the workpiece 5 corresponding to the middle edge 51 are respectively a frustum portion 52 and a boss portion 53, wherein the frustum portion 52 is a special-shaped portion, and there is no position for stable clamping, and since the frustum portion 52 is the bottom, it cannot be directly placed on a horizontal plane for fixing, and the boss portion 53 belongs to the position to be processed, and the boss portion 53 needs to be exposed as completely as possible to facilitate machine tool processing, so only the middle edge 51 can be limited.

[0038] The above scheme is further refined, such as Figure 3 As shown, the outer edge of the middle side 51 needs to be machined with a connecting hole 54, so it is necessary to ensure that there is no obstruction at the corresponding position. The frustum portion 52 can only be supported by multiple support members 6 to avoid the connecting hole 54. In addition, it is also necessary to process threads on the edge of the boss portion 53 and process the interior of the boss portion 53. Therefore, when limiting the workpiece 5, the position of the limit clamp must be reliable and carefully considered.

[0039] It should be noted that the sliding direction of the movable clamping claw 3 intersects with the axial direction of the solid cover plate 2. This design allows the movable clamping claw 3 and the limiting claw 4 to distribute the clamping force more evenly when clamping the workpiece 5, reducing the deformation of the workpiece 5 caused by uneven force. At the same time, the outer edge contour of the limiting claw 4 matches the regular shape of the workpiece 5, ensuring the accuracy and stability during clamping.

[0040] The present solution proposes that multiple movable claws 3 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction with the solid cover plate 2 as the center, thereby increasing the contact area and positioning points with the workpiece 5, thereby improving the positioning accuracy and processing stability of the workpiece 5. In addition, since the workpiece 5 has a special-shaped portion, multiple support members 6 are arranged on the surface of the solid cover plate 2 to support the special-shaped portion and lift up the workpiece 5 as a whole. This design enables the fixture to be applicable to workpieces 5 with irregular shapes, thereby improving the versatility and adaptability of the fixture.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the support member 6 is detachably connected to the solid cover plate 2. The surface of the solid cover plate 2 is provided with a strip groove 21 extending toward its axis. The support member 6 slides along the strip groove 21 to adjust the distance between adjacent support members 6, so as to adapt to supporting workpieces 5 of different shapes and specifications.

[0042] It should be noted that the detachable connection design between the chuck seat 1 and the solid cover plate 2 makes it easy to adjust and replace the support members 6 and movable jaws 3 of different specifications or types to meet the processing requirements of workpieces 5 of different sizes and shapes. This flexibility improves the utilization rate and processing efficiency of the fixture.

[0043] The above scheme is further refined, such as Figure 5As shown, the support member 6 includes a gasket 61, a movable block 62 and a protruding column 64 arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The thickness of the gasket 61 can be selected according to the height of the workpiece 5. For example, a gasket 61 of a suitable height is selected so that after the workpiece 5 is supported, the middle edge 51 and the position of the limiting claw 4 just correspond. Both sides of the gasket 61 and the movable block 62 are provided with mounting grooves 63 for screw insertion. The position of the mounting groove 63 matches the position of the strip groove 21. When the support member 6 is moved to a suitable position as a whole, the bottom of the screw can be tightly abutted against the strip groove 21 by tightening the screw, so that the support member 6 is fixed at a certain position of the strip groove 21.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, the top of the boss 64 is chamfered so that the contact area is minimized when the boss 64 contacts the workpiece 5 , and multi-point support is used to ensure stability to avoid affecting the lathe processing of the workpiece 5 .

[0045] The above scheme is further refined. A channel for gas delivery is formed inside the boss 64. A nozzle 65 connected to the channel is provided at the top of the boss 64. After the workpiece 5 is processed, there is a possibility that the workpiece 5 cannot be separated from the boss 64 due to the stress during limiting. Therefore, after the processing is completed, gas can be delivered to the channel through a gas supply device, such as an air pump. The gas is pressurized and ejected through the nozzle 65 with a narrow diameter, which generates a thrust on the workpiece 5, which is beneficial to the removal of the workpiece 5.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, a step groove 31 is provided at the end of the movable clamping claw 3, a limiting hole 32 is provided at the step groove 31, and a through hole is also provided through the limiting claw 4. When the size of the workpiece 5 to be processed is unique, a screw can be used to penetrate the through hole and be inserted into the limiting hole 32, thereby fixing the limiting claw 4 at the step groove 31.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10As shown, when the size of the workpiece 5 to be processed is not unique, it is necessary to flexibly adjust the position of the limit claw 4 so as to adapt to the limit of workpieces 5 of different specifications. Specifically, a sliding groove 33 is provided on the surface of the step groove 31, and the sliding groove 33 is an arc-shaped strip groove. The top of the inner wall of the sliding groove 33 is provided with a continuous limit groove 34 along the extension direction of the sliding groove 33, and the bottom of the sliding groove 33 is provided with a plurality of threaded holes 35 at intervals, and the limit claw 4 is detachably installed at the step groove 31 through a locking bolt 7; the locking bolt 7 passes through the limit claw 4, and the top of the locking bolt 7 is provided with a bolt head 71, and the bottom of the locking bolt 7 is provided with a threaded portion 72, and the threaded portion 72 is threadedly connected with the threaded hole 35. A limit slide 73 is also slidably sleeved between the corresponding bolt head 71 and the threaded portion 72 of the locking bolt 7, and the limit slide 73 moves back and forth in the limit groove 34.

[0048] According to the above technical solution, when the position of the limit claw 4 needs to be adjusted, the locking bolt 7 is turned and pulled upward to disengage the threaded portion 72 from the threaded hole 35. At this time, the threaded portion 72 is located in the space between the limit groove 34 and the threaded hole 35 in the sliding groove 33. The locking bolt 7 can move along the sliding groove 33 as a whole to adjust the position and angle of the limit claw 4. Due to the constraint of the limit slide 73, the locking bolt 7 will not disengage from the sliding groove 33, which is more convenient to use and avoids the problem of the locking bolt 7 falling off. When the position of the locking bolt 7 is adjusted, the locking bolt 7 is turned downward to make the threaded portion 72 threadedly connected with the threaded hole 35 at the corresponding position, thereby locking and fixing the limit claw 4, which is more convenient and quick to adjust.

[0049] To further refine the above solution, the height of the threaded portion 72 is smaller than the distance between the limiting groove 34 and the threaded hole 35 . In this case, the locking bolt 7 can move relatively smoothly in the sliding groove 33 .

[0050] To further refine the above solution, the outer diameter of the threaded portion 72 is larger than the inner diameter of the limiting slide 73 , so as to prevent the threaded portion 72 from slipping out of the inner hole of the limiting slide 73 .

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, an avoidance gap is formed at the outer edge contour of the limiting claw 4 corresponding to the support member 6, and the avoidance gap can make the outer edge contour of the limiting claw 4 contact the regular part of the workpiece 5 more completely, thereby ensuring the reliability of limiting the workpiece 5.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, the chuck seat 1 is detachably connected to the lathe spindle via the adapter sleeve on the back thereof, so that the chuck seat 1 can be replaced quickly when it is necessary.

[0053] Through the above design, the fixture of this scheme can more effectively limit the movement and deformation of the workpiece 5, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of lathe processing, especially in the processing of automobile engine parts with dimensional accuracy requirements as high as 0.015mm. This fixture can significantly reduce the scrap rate and rework rate and reduce production costs.

[0054] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0055] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lathe machining positioning fixture, used for limiting and clamping a workpiece (5), comprising a chuck seat (1), a solid cover plate (2) and a movable clamping claw (3), characterized in that: The chuck seat (1) and the solid cover plate (2) are coaxially arranged and detachably connected. The plurality of movable claws (3) are circumferentially spaced with the solid cover plate (2) as the center. The movable claws (3) are slidably connected to the chuck seat (1). The sliding directions of the plurality of movable claws (3) all intersect with the axial direction of the solid cover plate (2). The workpiece (5) comprises a special-shaped portion and a regular portion, and a plurality of support members (6) are arranged on the surface of the solid cover plate (2), and the support members (6) are used to support the special-shaped portion and lift up the workpiece (5) as a whole; A limiting claw (4) is provided at the end of the movable clamping claw (3), and the outer edge contour of the limiting claw (4) matches the shape of the regular part. When the movable clamping claw (3) is acted upon by a driving force, it drives the limiting claw (4) to abut against the regular part until the workpiece (5) is limited and fixed.

2. A lathe machining positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support member (6) is detachably connected to the solid cover plate (2); a strip groove (21) extending toward the axis of the solid cover plate (2) is provided on the surface of the solid cover plate (2); and the support member (6) slides along the strip groove (21) to adjust the spacing between adjacent support members (6).

3. A lathe machining positioning fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support member (6) comprises a gasket (61), a movable block (62) and a convex column (64) which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top. Both sides of the gasket (61) and the movable block (62) are provided with mounting grooves (63) for screw insertion, and the position of the mounting groove (63) matches the position of the strip groove (21).

4. A lathe machining positioning fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that: A channel for gas delivery is formed inside the convex column (64), the top of the convex column (64) is chamfered, and a nozzle (65) communicating with the channel is provided at the top of the convex column (64).

5. The lathe machining positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the movable clamping claw (3) is provided with a step groove (31), and the limiting claw (4) is detachably mounted on the step groove (31) via a locking bolt (7).

6. A lathe machining positioning fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the step groove (31) is provided with a sliding groove (33), the sliding groove (33) is an arc-shaped strip groove, the top of the inner wall of the sliding groove (33) is provided with a continuous limiting groove (34) along the extension direction of the sliding groove (33), and the bottom of the sliding groove (33) is provided with a plurality of threaded holes (35) at intervals; The locking bolt (7) passes through the limiting claw (4); a bolt head (71) is arranged at the top of the locking bolt (7); a threaded portion (72) is arranged at the bottom of the locking bolt (7); the threaded portion (72) is threadedly connected to the threaded hole (35); a limiting slide (73) is also slidably sleeved between the locking bolt (7) and the threaded portion (72); and the limiting slide (73) moves back and forth in the limiting groove (34).

7. A lathe machining positioning fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that: The height of the threaded portion (72) is smaller than the distance between the limiting groove (34) and the threaded hole (35).

8. The lathe machining positioning fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the threaded portion (72) is greater than the inner diameter of the limiting sliding plate (73).

9. The lathe machining positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: An avoidance notch is formed at the outer edge contour of the limiting claw (4) corresponding to the supporting member (6).

10. The lathe machining positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chuck seat (1) is detachably connected to the lathe spindle via an adapter sleeve on its back.

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