Method and equipment for rotational separation machining of gear ring

Abstract

The invention provides a gear ring rotational separation machining method and equipment. The equipment comprises a workbench, a workpiece sliding table, a tool sliding table, a workpiece main shaft assembly and a tool main shaft assembly. The workpiece sliding table and the tool sliding table are installed on the workbench, the workpiece sliding table can move transversely, and the tool sliding table can move longitudinally. The workpiece main shaft assembly is installed on the workpiece sliding table, and the cutter main shaft assembly is installed on the cutter sliding table. The workpiece main shaft assembly is used for being installed on a workpiece body, and the tool main shaft assembly is used for installing a tool body. The machining precision is improved, and the structural organization of a workpiece is not damaged; and workpieces are simply and conveniently machined, blades are easy to replace, stability is high, and machining efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of mechanical processing, and in particular relates to a method and equipment for rotational processing of a gear ring. Background Art

[0002] In the processing technology of reverse cone, the most common method in China is the meshing extrusion method of extrusion wheel and gear sleeve (only roughly controlled by time relay). The backlog depth of the extruded teeth is difficult to be consistent, the precision of the extruded internal spline is low, and the accumulation of the pitch is large. Some gear sleeves increase the M value cross-rod moment requirement after extrusion at the extruded reverse cone to prevent gear drop after gear engagement, which further increases the manufacturing difficulty. In addition, the stress of the processed gear sleeve is generated due to the extrusion process, and the stress is released during the carburizing, quenching and tempering process of heat treatment, and the precision of the internal spline is damaged. Now the reverse cone is processed by cutting, which can eliminate the above factors affecting the precision. In the reverse cone processing, there must be a special extrusion gear. Due to the different parameters of the internal spline of the gear sleeve, the types of special extrusion wheels increase accordingly. Extrusion gears with different moduli, pressure angles, displacement coefficients, tooth top circles, tooth root circles, tooth groove width (tooth thickness), reverse cone angles, and reverse cone lengths must be complete, and the extrusion gears have high precision and high manufacturing costs. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a method and equipment for gear ring rotation processing, which improves processing accuracy and does not damage the structural organization of the workpiece; and the processing of the workpiece is simple and convenient, the blade is easy to replace, the stability is strong, and the processing efficiency is high.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows: Gear ring rotation processing equipment, including a worktable, a workpiece slide, a tool slide, a workpiece spindle assembly and a tool spindle assembly; The workpiece slide and the tool slide are installed on the workbench, the workpiece slide can realize lateral movement, and the tool slide can realize longitudinal movement; The workpiece spindle assembly is mounted on the workpiece slide, and the tool spindle assembly is mounted on the tool slide; The workpiece spindle assembly is used to be mounted on a workpiece body, and the tool spindle assembly is used to mount a tool body.

[0005] Furthermore, the workpiece slide comprises a No. 1 slide seat, a No. 1 lead screw and a No. 1 motor; The first lead screw and the first motor are installed on the first slide seat, and the first lead screw is connected to the output section of the first motor; The workpiece spindle assembly includes a workpiece base, a workpiece rotating shaft and a workpiece chuck; the workpiece base is threadedly connected to a lead screw, the workpiece rotating shaft is mounted to the workpiece base, and the workpiece chuck is connected to the output end of the workpiece rotating shaft; The workpiece chuck is used to clamp the workpiece body.

[0006] Furthermore, the tool slide comprises a No. 2 slide seat, a No. 2 lead screw and a No. 2 motor; the No. 2 lead screw and the No. 2 motor are mounted on the No. 2 slide seat, and the No. 2 lead screw is connected to the output section of the No. 2 motor; The tool spindle assembly includes a tool base, a tool shaft and a tool chuck. The tool base is threadedly connected to the second lead screw, the tool shaft is installed to the tool base, and the tool chuck is connected to the output end of the tool shaft. The tool chuck is used to clamp the tool body.

[0007] A gear ring rotation processing method, comprising the following steps: S1, machine tool preheating, S2, equipment startup and workpiece preparation; S3, fast positioning and detection; S4, cutting process; S5, processing is completed and reset; S6. Confirmation of processing shape and interpolation position; Furthermore, in step S1, the machine tool is preheated in an automatic operation mode; the operation time is 10 to 20 minutes; the spindle is 1000 rpm to 2000 rpm; the workpiece slide and the tool slide move on the maximum stroke, but the speed is not the maximum; In step S2, after starting the hydraulic clamping system, the gear sleeve workpiece is accurately placed in a full-outer-holding fixture; the workpiece is ensured to be stable, and is locked by a hydraulic device to prevent displacement or loosening during subsequent processing.

[0008] Further, in step S3, the start button is pressed, the tool spindle slide starts to move rapidly, the feed speed is set to 200 mm / min, and it quickly reaches the set position; at the same time, the workpiece spindle slide also moves rapidly to the tooth detection position at the same feed speed; the tooth detection switch is used for detection to accurately find the processing position of the workpiece; at this time, if an abnormal workpiece position is detected, the system will automatically alarm and stop running; after completing the position detection, the workpiece spindle slide will quickly return to a safe position to ensure the accuracy of subsequent processing.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S4, the tool spindle slide will quickly move to the cutting position of the gear sleeve and accurately locate at the position determined by the tooth detection switch; at this time, the workpiece spindle starts to rotate forward at a speed of 2000rpm, and the tool spindle rotates reversely at a speed of 5500rpm. The two spindles operate synchronously to achieve efficient cutting; the cutting process adopts reverse cone cutting to achieve the required tapered processing effect; the tool spindle slide will perform continuous feed cutting at this stage to ensure the uniformity and accuracy of processing to meet the workpiece design requirements.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S5, after the processing is completed, the spindle of the equipment stops running to ensure that all moving parts are in a stationary state; then the workpiece spindle and the tool spindle will quickly return to the initial position, fully releasing the hydraulically locked workpiece to ensure that it can be safely removed after the processing is completed to avoid damage or deformation; the system will display the processing completion status, prompting the operator to proceed with the next round of workpiece replacement or processing.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S6, the processed shape is reconfirmed by a three-coordinate measuring machine to ensure that all dimensions and tolerance indicators meet the standards; in addition, the processed gear sleeve workpiece will undergo surface treatment to ensure its smoothness and wear resistance, thereby improving the service life and work efficiency of the entire product.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the method and device for gear ring rotation processing of the present invention have the following advantages: (1) The method and equipment for rotational machining of a gear ring of the present invention can achieve more precise cutting control through the synchronous operation of the tool spindle and the workpiece spindle, thereby improving the machining accuracy; the cutting machining method of the present application is conducive to the recovery of deformation generated by the machine tool process system during the machining process, and is also conducive to the recovery of the rigid deformation of the workpiece, thereby improving the surface quality of the machined curved surface.

[0013] (2) In the method and apparatus for rotational machining of a gear ring of the present invention, the tool and the workpiece rotate simultaneously. The synchronous rotation can ensure precise control during the machining process, thereby improving the machining accuracy and reducing the vibration and noise caused by the gear transmission.

[0014] (3) In the method and equipment for rotational machining of the gear ring of the present invention, the cutting heat generated in the contact area between the tool and the workpiece is not easy to release during the cutting process, which can easily cause thermal deformation of the workpiece and the machine tool. However, in the cutting method of the present application, during the process of tool retraction, the cutting heat is facilitated to be carried away by the surrounding medium air, which accelerates the release of cutting heat and thus reduces thermal deformation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the equipment for the rotational processing of the gear ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Description of reference numerals: 1. Workbench; 2. Workpiece slide; 3. Tool slide; 4. Workpiece spindle assembly; 5. Tool spindle assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0018] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and the like are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", and the like may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0020] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0021] The equipment for gear ring rotation processing includes a worktable 1, a workpiece slide 2, a tool slide 3, a workpiece spindle assembly 4 and a tool spindle assembly 5; The workpiece slide 2 and the tool slide 3 are installed on the workbench 1, the workpiece slide 2 can realize lateral movement, and the tool slide 3 can realize longitudinal movement; The workpiece spindle assembly 4 is mounted on the workpiece slide 2, and the tool spindle assembly 5 is mounted on the tool slide 3; The workpiece spindle assembly 4 is used to be mounted on a workpiece body, and the tool spindle assembly 5 is used to mount a tool body.

[0022] Preferably, the workpiece slide 2 comprises a No. 1 slide seat, a No. 1 lead screw and a No. 1 motor; The first lead screw and the first motor are installed on the first slide seat, and the first lead screw is connected to the output section of the first motor; The workpiece spindle assembly 4 includes a workpiece base, a workpiece rotating shaft and a workpiece chuck; the workpiece base is threadedly connected to the first lead screw, the workpiece rotating shaft is mounted to the workpiece base, and the workpiece chuck is connected to the output end of the workpiece rotating shaft; The workpiece chuck is used to clamp the workpiece body.

[0023] Preferably, the tool slide 3 comprises a No. 2 slide seat, a No. 2 lead screw and a No. 2 motor; the No. 2 lead screw and the No. 2 motor are mounted on the No. 2 slide seat, and the No. 2 lead screw is connected to the output section of the No. 2 motor; The tool spindle assembly 5 includes a tool base, a tool shaft and a tool chuck. The tool base is threadedly connected to the second lead screw, the tool shaft is installed to the tool base, and the tool chuck is connected to the output end of the tool shaft. The tool chuck is used to clamp the tool body.

[0024] A gear ring rotation processing method, comprising the following steps: S1, machine tool preheating, S2, equipment startup and workpiece preparation; S3, fast positioning and detection; S4, cutting process; S5, processing is completed and reset; S6. Confirmation of processing shape and interpolation position; Preferably, in step S1, the machine tool is preheated in an automatic operation mode; the operation time is 10 to 20 minutes; the spindle is 1000 rpm to 2000 rpm; the workpiece slide 2 and the tool slide 3 move on the maximum stroke, but the speed is not the maximum; In step S2, after starting the hydraulic clamping system, the gear sleeve workpiece is accurately placed in a full-outer-holding fixture; the workpiece is ensured to be stable, and is locked by a hydraulic device to prevent displacement or loosening during subsequent processing.

[0025] Preferably, in step S3, the start button is pressed, the tool spindle slide starts to move rapidly, the feed speed is set to 200 mm / min, and it quickly reaches the set position; at the same time, the workpiece spindle slide also moves rapidly to the tooth detection position at the same feed speed; the tooth detection switch is used for detection to accurately find the processing position of the workpiece; at this time, if an abnormal workpiece position is detected, the system will automatically alarm and stop running; after completing the position detection, the workpiece spindle slide will quickly return to a safe position to ensure the accuracy of subsequent processing.

[0026] Preferably, in step S4, the tool spindle slide will move quickly to the cutting position of the gear sleeve and be accurately positioned at the position determined by the tooth detection switch; at this time, the workpiece spindle starts to rotate forward at a speed of 2000rpm, and the tool spindle rotates reversely at a speed of 5500rpm, and the two spindles operate synchronously to achieve efficient cutting; the cutting process adopts inverted cone cutting to achieve the required tapered processing effect; the tool spindle slide will perform continuous feed cutting at this stage to ensure the uniformity and accuracy of processing to meet the workpiece design requirements.

[0027] The workpiece spindle is used at a relatively low speed to solve the characteristics of the workpiece material itself, ensuring that the tool can effectively remove the material during cutting, avoiding excessive cutting due to excessive speed, causing material damage or deformation; the higher speed of the tool spindle increases the cutting frequency when the tool contacts the workpiece, which can cut faster, increase the cutting volume per unit time, remove waste more effectively, and improve processing efficiency; By setting the speed of the workpiece and the tool spindle to different ratios, the distribution of shear force can be optimized, making the crushing and deformation of the material more uniform during the cutting process, thereby reducing the roughness of the machined surface and improving the finish of the final workpiece; Higher tool spindle speed can reduce the time of contact with the workpiece, which also means that the tool generates less friction and heat during the cutting process, thereby reducing tool wear. This not only increases the service life of the tool, but also reduces the frequency of downtime for tool change; back taper processing has high requirements for surface quality, and higher tool speed helps to produce a smoother and more uniform taper, which is crucial for assembly accuracy and subsequent processing.

[0028] The embodiment is described using two different combinations of processing parameters: Combination A (slow speed tool) Workpiece spindle: 2000rpm; Tool spindle: 3000rpm; Cutting depth: 0.5mm; Cutting volume per minute: 2cm³ / min; Surface roughness: Ra1.5μm Tool life: 50 pieces; Combination B (optimized combination) Workpiece spindle: 2000rpm; Tool spindle: 5500rpm; Cutting depth: 0.5mm; Cutting volume per minute: 4cm³ / min; Surface roughness: Ra0.8μm Tool life: 70 pieces; In summary, through comparison, it can be concluded that when using combination B (workpiece spindle 2000rpm, tool spindle 5500rpm), although the cutting depth is the same, the increase in tool speed greatly increases the cutting volume per minute and reduces the surface roughness. In addition, the tool life is also significantly extended. Such comparative data fully proves that choosing the right speed can bring significant processing advantages.

[0029] Preferably, in step S5, after the processing is completed, the spindle of the equipment stops running to ensure that all moving parts are in a stationary state; then the workpiece spindle and the tool spindle will quickly return to the initial position, fully releasing the hydraulically locked workpiece to ensure that it can be safely removed after the processing is completed to avoid damage or deformation; the system will display the processing completion status, prompting the operator to proceed with the next round of workpiece replacement or processing.

[0030] Preferably, in step S6, the processed shape is reconfirmed by a three-coordinate measuring machine to ensure that all dimensions and tolerance indicators meet the standards; in addition, the processed gear sleeve workpiece will undergo surface treatment to ensure its smoothness and wear resistance, thereby improving the service life and work efficiency of the entire product.

[0031] In the back taper processing, the reasonable combination of workpiece spindle and tool spindle speed can not only improve production efficiency, but also improve processing quality and extend tool life. This design takes into account material properties, cutting forces and process requirements to ensure an efficient and high-quality processing process.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Equipment for gear ring rotation processing, characterized by: It includes a worktable, a workpiece slide, a tool slide, a workpiece spindle assembly and a tool spindle assembly; The workpiece slide and the tool slide are installed on the workbench, the workpiece slide can realize lateral movement, and the tool slide can realize longitudinal movement; The workpiece spindle assembly is mounted on the workpiece slide, and the tool spindle assembly is mounted on the tool slide; The workpiece spindle assembly is used to be mounted on a workpiece body, and the tool spindle assembly is used to mount a tool body.

2. The equipment for gear ring rotation processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workpiece slide comprises a No. 1 slide seat, a No. 1 lead screw and a No. 1 motor; The first lead screw and the first motor are installed on the first slide seat, and the first lead screw is connected to the output section of the first motor; The workpiece spindle assembly includes a workpiece base, a workpiece rotating shaft and a workpiece chuck; the workpiece base is threadedly connected to a lead screw, the workpiece rotating shaft is mounted to the workpiece base, and the workpiece chuck is connected to the output end of the workpiece rotating shaft; The workpiece chuck is used to clamp the workpiece body.

3. The equipment for gear ring rotation processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool slide comprises a No. 2 slide seat, a No. 2 lead screw and a No. 2 motor; the No. 2 lead screw and the No. 2 motor are mounted on the No. 2 slide seat, and the No. 2 lead screw is connected to the output section of the No. 2 motor; The tool spindle assembly includes a tool base, a tool shaft and a tool chuck. The tool base is threadedly connected to the second lead screw, the tool shaft is installed to the tool base, and the tool chuck is connected to the output end of the tool shaft. The tool chuck is used to clamp the tool body.

4. A gear ring rotation processing method, using the gear ring rotation processing equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, machine tool preheating, S2, equipment startup and workpiece preparation; S3, fast positioning and detection; S4, cutting process; S5, processing is completed and reset; S6. Confirmation of processing shape and interpolation position.

5. A gear ring rotation processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S1, the machine tool is preheated in an automatic operation mode; the operation time is 10 to 20 minutes; the spindle is 1000 rpm to 2000 rpm; the workpiece slide and the tool slide move on the maximum stroke, but the speed is not the maximum; In step S2, after the hydraulic clamping system is started, the gear sleeve workpiece is accurately placed in a full-outer-holding fixture; Ensure that the workpiece is stable and locked by hydraulic device to prevent it from shifting or loosening during subsequent processing.

6. A gear ring rotation processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the start button is pressed, the tool spindle slide starts to move rapidly, the feed speed is set to 200mm / min, and it quickly reaches the set position; at the same time, the workpiece spindle slide also moves rapidly to the tooth detection position at the same feed speed; the tooth detection switch is used for detection to accurately find the processing position of the workpiece; at this time, if an abnormal workpiece position is detected, the system will automatically alarm and stop running; after completing the position detection, the workpiece spindle slide will quickly return to a safe position to ensure the accuracy of subsequent processing.

7. A gear ring rotation processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S4, the tool spindle slide will quickly move to the cutting position of the gear sleeve and accurately locate at the position determined by the tooth detection switch; at this time, the workpiece spindle starts to rotate forward at a speed of 2000rpm, and the tool spindle rotates in the opposite direction at a speed of 5500rpm. The two spindles operate synchronously to achieve efficient cutting; the cutting process adopts reverse cone cutting to achieve the required tapered processing effect; the tool spindle slide will perform continuous feed cutting at this stage to ensure the uniformity and accuracy of processing to meet the workpiece design requirements.

8. A gear ring rotation processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S5, after the processing is completed, the spindle of the equipment stops running to ensure that all moving parts are in a stationary state; then the workpiece spindle and the tool spindle will quickly return to the initial position, fully releasing the hydraulically locked workpiece to ensure that it can be safely removed after the processing is completed to avoid damage or deformation; the system will display the processing completion status, prompting the operator to proceed with the next round of workpiece replacement or processing.

9. A gear ring rotation processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S6, the processed shape is reconfirmed by a three-coordinate measuring machine to ensure that all dimensions and tolerance indicators meet the standards; in addition, the processed gear sleeve workpiece will undergo surface treatment to ensure its smoothness and wear resistance, thereby improving the service life and work efficiency of the entire product.

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