GTAW and laser coaxial powder feeding composite aluminum alloy welding device and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a GTAW and laser coaxial powder feeding composite aluminum alloy welding device and a using method thereof. A three-axis movement unit of the welding device is provided with a welding gun unit, a laser unit and a powder feeding unit. The three-axis movement unit is used for driving the welding gun unit, the laser unit and the powder feeding unit to move, the welding gun unit is used for achieving the welding function, the laser unit is used for emitting laser, and the powder feeding unit is used for providing powder needed in the welding process. According to the device, the GTAW and laser hybrid welding function can be achieved through high-precision motion control of the three-axis motion unit, meanwhile, trace alloy elements can be added into a GTAW aluminum alloy welding seam through the powder feeding unit, the problems that powder is difficult to add into the GTAW aluminum alloy welding seam, the structure is thick and large, and the mechanical property is insufficient are solved, and compared with the prior art, the GTAW and laser hybrid welding device has the advantage that the production efficiency is improved. The laser reflectivity is lower, the powder is more convenient to add into a molten pool, and the microstructure of a welding seam is refined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of welding, and in particular relates to a GTAW and laser coaxial powder feeding composite aluminum alloy welding device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) is a non-melting gas shielded welding method that uses the arc between the tungsten electrode and the workpiece to melt the metal and form a weld. The welding current and welding voltage can be adjusted independently, which is convenient for precise control of welding heat input. In addition, the welding heat source adjustment and the wire feeding do not interfere with each other, and the relative ratio of the base metal melting amount and the wire filling amount can be adjusted within a certain range.

[0003] GTAW and laser hybrid welding of aluminum alloys has the advantages of improving welding efficiency, improving weld quality, and reducing material reflection. The combination of the arc's fast filling speed and the laser's high energy density can greatly improve welding efficiency. Due to the synergistic effect between the laser and the arc, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the weld can be improved, thereby improving the weld quality. The preheating effect of the arc can weaken the aluminum alloy's reflection of the laser, reduce laser energy loss, and make the welding process more efficient. The expansion of the heat source range of hybrid welding and the addition of welding wire provide a larger process window for metallurgical property optimization.

[0004] Adding trace elements to the weld can improve the strength of the weld. Tiny metal powders can fill the gaps in the weld and increase the density and strength of the welded joint. At the same time, the alloying elements in the solder micrometal can form a solid solution with the base material to improve the strength and hardness of the weld. There is little research in China on adding trace elements to the weld of arc and laser hybrid welding. Combining the advantages of arc and laser, while improving welding efficiency, adding trace elements to the weld is of great significance to the quality of the weld.

[0005] However, the existing traditional single welding method has many welding defects such as pores, cracks and undercuts, low welding efficiency, poor adaptability, and a larger welding heat affected zone. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a GTAW and laser coaxial powder feeding composite aluminum alloy welding device and a use method thereof.

[0007] The specific technical solution for achieving the purpose of the present invention is:

[0008] A GTAW and laser coaxial powder feeding composite aluminum alloy welding device, comprising a three-axis motion unit, a welding gun unit, a laser unit and a powder feeding unit;

[0009] A welding gun unit, a laser unit and a powder feeding unit are respectively arranged on the three-axis motion unit; the three-axis motion unit is used to drive the welding gun unit, the laser unit and the powder feeding unit to move respectively, the welding gun unit is used to realize the welding function, the laser unit is used to emit laser, and the powder feeding unit is used to provide the powder material required in the welding process.

[0010] Further, the welding gun unit includes a welding gun fixture, a GTAW welding gun, a cross slide, a fixture connecting plate, a cross slide mounting plate, a T-shaped connecting plate, a slide, and an aluminum profile;

[0011] The aluminum profile is fixedly connected to the cantilever beam of the three-axis motion unit, a slide is arranged on the aluminum profile, and the cross slide mounting plate is connected to the slider on the slide through a T-shaped connecting plate;

[0012] A cross slide is arranged on the cross slide installation plate, a fixture connecting plate is arranged on the cross slide, a welding gun fixture is arranged on the fixture connecting plate, and the welding gun fixture is fixedly connected to the GTAW welding gun.

[0013] Furthermore, the welding gun unit also includes a wire feeding nozzle and a wire feeding nozzle fixture;

[0014] The wire feeding nozzle is connected with a welding gun fixture through a wire feeding nozzle fixture.

[0015] Furthermore, the powder delivery unit includes a pneumatic powder bin and a powder delivery pipe;

[0016] The pneumatic powder bin is arranged on the cantilever beam of the three-axis motion unit, and the pneumatic powder bin is connected to the powder delivery pipe.

[0017] Further, the laser unit includes a laser, and the laser is arranged on a cantilever beam of the three-axis motion unit;

[0018] The laser is also connected to the pneumatic powder bin via a powder delivery pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, the pneumatic powder bin and the laser are both supplied with gas from an inert gas cylinder.

[0020] Furthermore, the pneumatic powder bin improves the performance of the welding material by conveying powder during the welding process;

[0021] The powder is a single or multiple mixed powders, and the particle size of the powder is between 90 and 300 meshes.

[0022] Furthermore, trace alloy elements are added to the powder.

[0023] Furthermore, the displacement accuracy of the three-axis motion unit is ±0.01mm; the speed adjustment range is 0-1200mm / s, the adjustment accuracy is 0.01mm / s, the strokes in the X, Y and Z directions are all 1000mm, and the three axes are all equipped with limit switches.

[0024] The present invention also provides a method for using the above device, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: remove the oxide film on the surface of the welding plate, and fix the cleaned welding plate with a pressing plate;

[0026] Step 2: Adjust the three-axis motion unit so that the bottom of the laser is 15 mm away from the surface of the welding plate, and adjust the cross slide so that the height of the tungsten electrode of the GTAW welding gun is 10 mm away from the surface of the welding plate;

[0027] Step 3: Adjust the cross slide to make the GTAW welding gun and the laser 5 mm apart, and adjust the angles of the laser and the GTAW welding gun so that the arc and the laser spot intersect on the welding plate;

[0028] Step 4: Adjust the three-axis motion unit and move the laser so that the laser spot is 50 mm away from the edge of the welding plate;

[0029] Step 5, open the argon gas bottle to supply gas to the GTAW welding gun and the pneumatic powder bin, connect the powder feeder to supply powder to the powder bin 9, and set the powder feeding parameters as needed;

[0030] Step 6: Adjust the shielding gas flow rate of the GTAW welding gun as needed to completely fill the working area with shielding gas, press the powder feeding switch to deliver powder to the working area;

[0031] Step 7. Set the motion path of the three-axis motion unit, that is, the welding path. When the GTAW welding gun moves to the edge of the welding plate, press the GTAW welding gun switch, turn on the laser working switch, and start welding;

[0032] Step 8. When the GTAW welding gun moves to the edge of the other side of the welding plate, turn off the GTAW welding gun switch and the laser working switch;

[0033] Step 9. After the welding of the welding plate is completed, turn off the powder feeder and continue to supply gas to the pneumatic powder bin. After the pneumatic powder bin has cleaned up the residual powder, close the argon gas bottle valve, turn off the welding power supply, the three-axis motion unit and the laser power supply to complete the welding work.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The device of the present invention can realize the composite welding function of GTAW and laser through the high-precision motion control of the three-axis motion unit. At the same time, the powder feeding bin can realize the addition of trace alloy elements in the GTAW aluminum alloy weld, solving the problems of difficult powder addition, coarse structure and insufficient mechanical properties in the GTAW aluminum alloy weld. Compared with the prior art, the laser reflectivity is lower, the powder is more convenient to add to the molten pool, and the weld microstructure is refined;

[0036] The GTAW and laser coaxial powder feeding composite aluminum alloy welding device designed by the present invention can effectively solve the problems of high reflectivity, coarse weld structure and insufficient mechanical properties of existing aluminum alloy laser welding. It can effectively improve the mechanical properties of the weld while improving the aluminum alloy welding efficiency, and ultimately realize the service life of the equipment during service.

[0037] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation modes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the GTAW and laser coaxial powder feeding composite aluminum alloy welding device of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the GTAW welding gun and the wire feeding nozzle of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Example

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] As shown in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "a", "an", "an kind" and / or "the" do not refer to the singular and may also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "include" and "comprise" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements that have been clearly identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or device may also include other steps or elements.

[0043] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so that once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0044] Combination Figure 1 , a GTAW and laser coaxial powder feeding composite aluminum alloy welding device, comprising a three-axis motion unit 15, a welding gun unit, a laser unit and a powder feeding unit;

[0045] The three-axis motion unit 15 is respectively provided with a welding gun unit, a laser unit and a powder feeding unit; the three-axis motion unit 15 is used to drive the welding gun unit, the laser unit and the powder feeding unit to move respectively, the welding gun unit is used to realize the welding function, the laser unit is used to emit laser, and the powder feeding unit is used to provide the powder material required in the welding process.

[0046] The welding gun unit includes a welding gun fixture 1, a GTAW welding gun 2, a cross slide 3, a fixture connecting plate 4, a cross slide mounting plate 5, a T-shaped connecting plate 6, a slide 7, and an aluminum profile 8;

[0047] The aluminum profile 8 is fixedly connected to the cantilever beam of the three-axis motion unit 15, a slide 7 is arranged on the aluminum profile 8, and a cross slide mounting plate 5 is connected to a slider on the slide 7 through a T-shaped connecting plate 6;

[0048] A cross slide 3 is arranged on the cross slide mounting plate 5 , a fixture connecting plate 4 is arranged on the cross slide 3 , a welding gun fixture 1 is arranged on the fixture connecting plate 4 , and the welding gun fixture 1 is fixedly connected to the GTAW welding gun 2 .

[0049] When the GTAW welding gun 2 needs to be moved, the position of the GTAW welding gun 2 is roughly adjusted by adjusting the three-axis motion unit 15, and then the position of the GTAW welding gun 2 is finely adjusted by the slide 7 and the cross slide 3.

[0050] Combination Figure 2 , the welding gun unit also includes a wire feeding nozzle 13 and a wire feeding nozzle fixture 14;

[0051] The wire feeding nozzle 13 is connected to the welding gun fixture 1 through the wire feeding nozzle fixture 14, and the wire feeding of the GTAW welding gun 2 during the welding process is achieved through the wire feeding nozzle 13.

[0052] The powder delivery unit includes a pneumatic powder bin 9 and a powder delivery pipe 10;

[0053] The pneumatic powder bin 9 is arranged on the cantilever beam of the three-axis motion unit 15 , and the pneumatic powder bin 9 is connected to the powder delivery pipe 10 .

[0054] The laser unit includes a laser 11, and the laser 11 is arranged on a cantilever beam of a three-axis motion unit 15;

[0055] The laser 11 is also connected to the pneumatic powder bin 9 via a powder delivery pipe 10 .

[0056] That is, the position of the laser 11 is adjusted by the three-axis motion unit 15, so that during the welding process, the arc and the laser spot intersect on the welding plate 12, and the powder is also transported to the molten pool during the welding process through the pneumatic powder bin 9 and the powder feeding pipe 10, and the powder and the molten welding wire enter the molten pool together to improve the performance of the welding material; wherein the powder is a single or multiple mixed powders, the particle size of the powder is between 90 and 300 meshes, and trace alloy elements can be added to the powder to further improve the performance of the welding material;

[0057] In addition, in this embodiment, the pneumatic powder bin 9 and the laser 11 are both supplied with gas from an argon gas bottle or other inert gases.

[0058] The displacement accuracy of the three-axis motion unit 15 is ±0.01mm; the speed adjustment range is 0-1200mm / s, the adjustment accuracy is 0.01mm / s, the strokes in the X, Y and Z directions are all 1000mm, and the three axes are all equipped with limit switches.

[0059] In this embodiment, the travel of the slide 7 is 240 mm, the travel of the cross slide 3 in both directions is 150 mm, and the displacement accuracy of the cross slide 3 and the slide 7 is ±0.01 mm. The laser 11 can rotate around the cantilever beam, and the rotation angle range is ±45°. The laser wavelength of the laser 11 is 1070 nm.

[0060] The present invention also provides a method for using the above device, comprising the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Use an angle grinder and sandpaper to remove the oxide film on the surface of the welding plate 12, and fix the cleaned welding plate 12 on the working platform through a pressing plate;

[0062] Step 2, adjust the three-axis motion unit 15 so that the bottom end of the laser 11 is 15 mm away from the surface of the welding plate 12, and adjust the cross slide 3 so that the tungsten pole height of the GTAW welding gun 2 is 10 mm away from the surface of the welding plate 12;

[0063] Step 3, adjust the cross slide 3 so that the GTAW welding gun 2 and the laser 11 are 5 mm apart, and adjust the angles of the laser 11 and the GTAW welding gun 2 so that the arc and the laser spot intersect on the welding plate 12;

[0064] Step 4, adjust the three-axis motion unit 15 and move the laser 11 so that the laser spot of the laser 11 is 50 mm away from the edge of the welding plate 12;

[0065] Step 5, open the argon gas bottle to supply gas to the GTAW welding gun 2 and the pneumatic powder bin 9, connect the powder feeder to supply powder to the powder bin 9, and set the powder feeding parameters as needed;

[0066] Step 6: Turn on the gas detection switch of the welding power source, adjust the shielding gas flow of the GTAW welding gun 2 as needed, so that the working area is completely filled with shielding gas, and press the powder feeding switch to deliver powder to the working area;

[0067] Step 7, setting the motion path of the three-axis motion unit 15, that is, the welding path, when the GTAW welding gun 2 moves to the edge of the welding plate 12, pressing the GTAW welding gun 2 switch, turning on the laser 11 working switch, and starting the welding work;

[0068] Step 8, when the GTAW welding gun 2 moves to the edge of the other side of the welding plate 12, turn off the GTAW welding gun 2 switch and the laser 11 working switch;

[0069] Step 9: After the welding of the welding plate 12 is completed, turn off the powder feeder and continue to supply gas to the pneumatic powder bin 9. After the pneumatic powder bin 9 has cleaned up the residual powder, close the argon gas bottle valve, turn off the welding power supply, the three-axis motion unit 15 and the power supply of the laser 11 to complete the welding work.

[0070] The GTAW and laser coaxial powder feeding composite aluminum alloy welding device and the use method of the present invention have made certain progress in process optimization, welding quality assessment, intelligent technology application and technological progress, making it perform better in the application of aerospace, automobile manufacturing, shipbuilding and other fields, and have important engineering guiding significance for promoting technological progress and lightweight design in these fields.

[0071] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A GTAW and laser coaxial powder feeding composite aluminum alloy welding device, characterized in that: It includes a three-axis motion unit (15), a welding gun unit, a laser unit and a powder feeding unit; A welding gun unit, a laser unit and a powder delivery unit are respectively arranged on the three-axis motion unit (15); the three-axis motion unit (15) is used to drive the welding gun unit, the laser unit and the powder delivery unit to move respectively; the welding gun unit is used to realize a welding function, the laser unit is used to emit a laser, and the powder delivery unit is used to provide powder material required in the welding process.

2. The GTAW and laser coaxial powder feeding composite aluminum alloy welding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The welding gun unit comprises a welding gun fixture (1), a GTAW welding gun (2), a cross slide (3), a fixture connecting plate (4), a cross slide mounting plate (5), a T-shaped connecting plate (6), a slide (7), and an aluminum profile (8); The aluminum profile (8) is fixedly connected to the cantilever beam of the three-axis motion unit (15), a slide table (7) is arranged on the aluminum profile (8), and the cross slide table mounting plate (5) is connected to the slider on the slide table (7) through a T-shaped connecting plate (6); A cross slide (3) is arranged on the cross slide mounting plate (5), a fixture connecting plate (4) is arranged on the cross slide (3), a welding gun fixture (1) is arranged on the fixture connecting plate (4), and the welding gun fixture (1) is fixedly connected to the GTAW welding gun (2).

3. The GTAW and laser coaxial powder feeding composite aluminum alloy welding device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The welding gun unit also includes a wire feeding nozzle (13) and a wire feeding nozzle fixture (14); The wire feeding nozzle (13) is connected to the welding gun clamp (1) via a wire feeding nozzle clamp (14).

4. The GTAW and laser coaxial powder feeding composite aluminum alloy welding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The powder delivery unit comprises a pneumatic powder bin (9) and a powder delivery pipe (10); The pneumatic powder bin (9) is arranged on the cantilever beam of the three-axis motion unit (15), and the pneumatic powder bin (9) is connected to the powder delivery pipe (10).

5. The GTAW and laser coaxial powder feeding composite aluminum alloy welding device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The laser unit comprises a laser (11), and the laser (11) is arranged on a cantilever beam of a three-axis motion unit (15); The laser (11) is also connected to the pneumatic powder bin (9) via a powder delivery pipe (10).

6. The GTAW and laser coaxial powder feeding composite aluminum alloy welding device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The pneumatic powder bin (9) and the laser (11) are both supplied with gas from an inert gas cylinder.

7. The GTAW and laser coaxial powder feeding composite aluminum alloy welding device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The pneumatic powder bin (9) improves the performance of the welding material by conveying powder during the welding process; The powder is a single or multiple mixed powders, and the particle size of the powder is between 90 and 300 meshes.

8. The GTAW and laser coaxial powder feeding composite aluminum alloy welding device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Trace alloy elements are added to the powder.

9. The GTAW and laser coaxial powder feeding composite aluminum alloy welding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The displacement accuracy of the three-axis motion unit (15) is ±0.01 mm; the speed adjustment range is 0-1200 mm / s, the adjustment accuracy is 0.01 mm / s, the travel in the three directions of X, Y and Z are all 1000 mm, and the three axes are all provided with limit switches.

10. The method for using the device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: remove the oxide film on the surface of the welding plate, and fix the cleaned welding plate with a pressing plate; Step 2, adjust the three-axis motion unit (15) so that the bottom end of the laser (11) is 15 mm away from the surface of the welding plate, and adjust the cross slide (3) so that the tungsten electrode height of the GTAW welding gun (2) is 10 mm away from the surface of the welding plate; Step 3, adjust the cross slide (3) so that the GTAW welding gun (2) and the laser (11) are 5 mm apart, and adjust the angles of the laser (11) and the GTAW welding gun (2) so that the arc and the laser spot intersect on the welding plate; Step 4, adjust the three-axis motion unit (15) and move the laser (11) so that the laser spot of the laser (11) is 50 mm away from the edge of the welding plate; Step 5, open the argon gas bottle to supply gas to the GTAW welding gun (2) and the pneumatic powder bin (9), connect the powder feeder to supply powder to the powder bin (9), and set the powder feeding parameters as needed; Step 6: Adjust the shielding gas flow rate of the GTAW welding gun (2) as needed to completely fill the working area with shielding gas, and press the powder feeding switch to feed powder material into the working area; Step 7, setting the motion path of the three-axis motion unit (15), i.e., the welding path, when the GTAW welding gun (2) moves to the edge of the welding plate, pressing the GTAW welding gun (2) switch, turning on the laser (11) working switch, and starting the welding work; Step 8: When the GTAW welding gun (2) moves to the edge of the other side of the welding plate, turn off the GTAW welding gun (2) switch and the laser (11) working switch; Step 9: After the welding of the welding plate is completed, the powder feeder is turned off and the air supply to the pneumatic powder bin (9) is continued. After the pneumatic powder bin (9) has been cleaned of the residual powder, the valve of the argon gas bottle is closed, and the welding power supply, the three-axis motion unit (15) and the power supply of the laser (11) are turned off to complete the welding work.

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