3D structure and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of shells, and discloses a 3D structure and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: providing a base material layer, and arranging a decorative layer on the base material layer to form a base material decorative film; a release film is provided, one side or two sides of the base material decorative film is / are coated with a liquid coating, the release surface of the release film covers the liquid coating, rolling or air pressing is carried out, an integral membrane is formed, the integral membrane is provided with an effective area and an ineffective area, and the ineffective area is located on the periphery of the effective area; the invalid area is cured, so that the liquid coating located in the invalid area is cured, and the liquid coating located in the effective area is kept in a liquid state; putting the whole membrane with the solidified ineffective area into a first mold, carrying out heating, pressurizing, stretching and forming on the effective area, and taking out the formed whole membrane; the molded integral membrane is cured, the release film is peeled off after curing, the thickness of the cured liquid coating is uniform, and liquid accumulation is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shells, and in particular to a 3D structure and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are mainly two ways to process the functional layer on the surface of traditional 3D structures. One is to process the material with the functional layer first, and then stretch it into shape. This process can be applied when the stretching fixation is small and the product structure is simple. However, when the product structure is complex and the stretching curvature is large, the functional layer will crack and break during stretching. The second is to form the material first, and then apply or spray the functional layer. When the 3D structure is more complex and the curvature is larger, the spray coating method will cause liquid accumulation at the corners of the complex structure during spray coating. The spray coating method cannot completely spray in place when dealing with complex structures, resulting in inconsistent thickness of the functional coating, resulting in local functions not meeting the product requirements. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a 3D stereoscopic structure and a manufacturing method thereof, aiming to solve the technical problems of cracking of the functional layer, accumulation of liquid and uneven film thickness of the functional layer of the existing 3D stereoscopic structure.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a 3D structure, the manufacturing method comprising:

[0005] Providing a substrate layer, and arranging a decorative layer on the substrate layer to form a substrate decorative film;

[0006] Providing a release film, coating a layer of liquid coating on one side or both sides of the base decorative film, covering the release surface of the release film on the liquid coating, and rolling or air pressing to form an integral film, wherein the integral film has an effective area and an ineffective area, and the ineffective area is located at the peripheral area of ​​the effective area;

[0007] Curing the ineffective area so that the liquid coating in the ineffective area is cured and the liquid coating in the effective area remains in liquid state;

[0008] Putting the solidified whole diaphragm in the invalid area into a first mold, heating, pressurizing and stretching the effective area, and taking out the formed whole diaphragm;

[0009] The formed integral film is cured, and the release film is peeled off after curing.

[0010] Further, in one embodiment, the step of providing a release film, coating a layer of liquid coating on one side or both sides of the substrate decorative film, covering the release surface of the release film on the liquid coating, and rolling or air pressing to form an integral film is formed in three steps, including:

[0011] Provide release film;

[0012] Applying a layer of liquid coating on one side or both sides of the substrate decorative film by screen printing, scraping, pouring, dipping or rolling, wherein the liquid coating is one of a hardening coating, a skin-feel coating or an antibacterial coating;

[0013] The release surface of the release film is covered on the side of the liquid coating away from the substrate decorative film, and the film is rolled by a rolling device or placed in a vacuum container for air pressure, the air is exhausted and the liquid coating is evenly distributed between the substrate decorative film and the release film to form the overall film sheet.

[0014] Further, in one embodiment, the step of curing the ineffective area so that the liquid coating in the ineffective area is cured and the liquid coating in the effective area remains in liquid state is formed in two steps, including:

[0015] placing the integral diaphragm into a second mold;

[0016] The effective area is shielded by a shielding object, and the ineffective area is cured by ultraviolet light irradiation or baking, so that the liquid coating in the ineffective area is cured, and the liquid coating in the effective area remains in liquid state, wherein the ultraviolet light wavelength is 340-400nm, and the irradiation energy is 200mj / cm 2 -20000mj / cm 2 The irradiation time is 1-30 seconds, the baking temperature is 50℃-120℃, and the baking time is 3min-90min.

[0017] Further, in one embodiment, the step of placing the integral diaphragm after curing the ineffective area into a first mold, heating and pressurizing the effective area for stretching, and taking out the formed integral diaphragm is formed in two steps, including:

[0018] Putting the whole diaphragm after curing the invalid area into a first mold, heating and baking the effective area, so that the whole diaphragm is softened to a state where it can be stretched and shaped;

[0019] The desired shape is pressed out by a concave-convex mold or extruded by high-pressure gas, a liquid capsule, a silicone head, etc. to obtain a formed integral diaphragm, and the formed integral diaphragm is taken out.

[0020] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the step of curing the formed integral film and peeling off the release film after curing is formed in two steps, and further includes:

[0021] The formed integral film is cured by ultraviolet light irradiation or baking, wherein the ultraviolet light wavelength is 340-400nm and the irradiation energy is 200mj / cm 2 -20000mj / cm 2 , the baking temperature is 50℃-120℃, and the baking time is 3min-120min;

[0022] The formed and cured integral film is taken out, and the release film is peeled off.

[0023] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the step of setting a decorative layer on the substrate layer to form a substrate decorative film includes: setting a decorative layer on the substrate layer by a silk screen printing process, a UV transfer optical texture process, an electroplating process, a color printing process, a four-color color printing process, a texture rubbing process, a pad printing process, a water transfer process, a laminating process, or a hot stamping process to form a substrate decorative film.

[0024] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the material of the substrate layer is a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material.

[0025] Furthermore, in one embodiment, after curing the formed integral film and peeling off the release film after curing, the process also includes cutting off the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting according to a preset drawing.

[0026] Furthermore, in one embodiment, after the position of the invalid area of ​​the 3D stereoscopic structure is cut off by a numerically controlled lathe (CNC), punching or laser according to a preset drawing, the cut 3D stereoscopic structure is placed in an injection molding machine for IMD in-mold molding.

[0027] Furthermore, in one embodiment, after the formed integral diaphragm is solidified, the process further includes cutting off the position of the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting according to a preset drawing.

[0028] Furthermore, in one embodiment, after the position of the invalid area of ​​the 3D stereoscopic structure is cut off by a numerically controlled lathe (CNC), punching or laser according to a preset drawing, the cut 3D stereoscopic structure is placed in an injection molding machine for IMD in-mold molding.

[0029] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the release surface of the release film may be a glossy surface, a matte surface, or a textured surface with structural features.

[0030] The present invention also provides a 3D stereoscopic structure, which is manufactured using the manufacturing method described in item.

[0031] In the technical solution provided by the present invention, a decorative layer is provided on one surface of a substrate layer to form a substrate decorative film, and at the same time, the 3D structure is made more gorgeous, and then a liquid coating is evenly applied on the middle of the release surface of the release film and the surface of either side of the substrate decorative film to form an overall film, or the liquid coating is evenly applied on the middle of the release surface of the release film and the surfaces on both sides of the substrate decorative film to form an overall film, and the invalid areas around the edges of the overall film are cured, and the liquid coating in the effective area in the middle of the overall film is kept in a liquid state. On the one hand, after the liquid coating on the edge of the overall film is cured, This can ensure that the liquid coating in the middle will not be lost during the processing and transportation process, as well as during the heating, baking and pressurizing and stretching processes, resulting in the problem of air appearing in the middle of the entire diaphragm; on the other hand, because the liquid coating in the middle is in liquid state, when deformation is generated by pressurizing and stretching, the liquid coating can flow arbitrarily with the shape of the mold, ensuring that each corner of the surface of the 3D structure can be evenly covered with a layer of liquid coating. After the liquid coating is completely cured, a 3D structure with a surface evenly covered with liquid coating can be obtained, avoiding cracking of the functional layer, accumulation of liquid or uneven film thickness of the functional layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] One or more embodiments are exemplarily described by corresponding drawings, which do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements, and the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations unless otherwise stated.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for manufacturing a 3D structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the effective area and ineffective area of ​​the overall diaphragm in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of coating a liquid coating on the surface of a decorative layer of a substrate decorative film in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of coating a liquid coating on the surface of a substrate layer of a substrate decorative film in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of coating a liquid coating on the surfaces of a decorative layer and a substrate layer of a substrate decorative film in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 is a schematic flow chart of a second embodiment of a method for manufacturing a 3D structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure after injection molding of the 3D structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 is a schematic flow chart of a third embodiment of a method for manufacturing a 3D structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a fourth embodiment of a method for manufacturing a 3D structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.10 is a schematic flow chart of a fifth embodiment of a method for manufacturing a 3D structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.11 It is a schematic flow chart of a sixth embodiment of the method for manufacturing a 3D structure in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on another element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. When an element is described as "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to another element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right", "inside", "outside" and similar expressions used in this specification are only for illustrative purposes. In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, unless otherwise specified, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features; the meaning of "multiple" is two or more. The term "include" and any variation thereof means non-exclusive inclusion, and one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, units, components and / or combinations thereof may be present or added.

[0045] In addition, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection between two components. All technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as those generally understood by technicians in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0046] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0047] The 3D structure of the present invention is a shell structure, which is applied to electronic products, household appliances or automobiles. The electronic products include but are not limited to watches, smart phones, telephones, computers, game consoles, headphones and other wearable devices, projectors or mobile communication products. The household appliances include but are not limited to televisions, radios, refrigerators, cold drink machines, air conditioners, speakers, video recorders, cameras, electric ovens, induction cookers, rice cookers, electric irons, washing machines or dryers. That is, the 3D structure of the present invention can be the shell of a watch, the shell of a smart phone, the shell of a phone, the shell of a computer, the shell of a game console, the shell of wearable devices such as headphones, the shell of a projector, the shell of a mobile communication product, the shell of a television, the shell of a radio, the shell of a refrigerator, the shell of a cold drink machine, the shell of an air conditioner, the shell of a speaker, the shell of a video recorder, the shell of a camera, the shell of an electric oven, the shell of an induction cooker, the shell of an electric rice cooker, the shell of an electric iron, the shell of a washing machine, the shell of a dryer or the shell of a car, etc.

[0048] For ease of understanding, the specific process of the embodiment of the present invention is described below. Figure 1 A first embodiment of a method for manufacturing a 3D structure in an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0049] S1, providing a substrate layer, and arranging a decorative layer on the substrate layer to form a substrate decorative film;

[0050] In this step, a sheet-like substrate layer material with stretchable shape is prepared to obtain a substrate layer. The material of the substrate layer is a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material. Thermoplastic materials or thermosetting materials are all materials that can be deformed by heating and pressurizing. Specifically, the thermoplastic material can be polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), nylon (Nylon), polycarbonate (PC), polyurethane (PU), polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon, PTFE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), epoxy board, resin board or a fiber composite material with thermoplasticity and thermosetting properties, or one of the above-described A thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material formed by a composite of multiple materials described above, and then a decorative layer is arranged on the substrate layer on a sheet-like substrate layer material by screen printing, UV transfer optical texture technology, electroplating technology, color printing technology, four-color color printing technology, texture rubbing technology, pad printing technology, water transfer technology, laminating technology, and hot stamping technology. The processing order of these ten processes can also be adjusted arbitrarily according to actual product requirements, and two or more decorative layers can be arranged by any two or more processes, or a decorative layer can be arranged by any one of these ten processes. The decorative layer includes but is not limited to a color layer, a pattern layer, a texture layer, a combination of a color layer and a pattern layer, a combination of a color layer and a texture layer, or a combination of a pattern layer and a texture layer.

[0051] Through this step, a variety of different colors or patterns can be set to make the 3D structure more gorgeous, and the decorative layer is set in the middle position, and the decorative layer is not in direct contact with the outside world, so that the decorative layer can remain colorless and faded for a long time, thereby extending the service life of the 3D structure.

[0052] S2, providing a release film, coating a layer of liquid coating on one side or both sides of the base decorative film, covering the release surface of the release film on the liquid coating, and rolling or air pressing to form an integral film, wherein the integral film has an effective area and an ineffective area, and the ineffective area is located at the peripheral area of ​​the effective area;

[0053] In this step, first, a sheet of release material with high stretchability is prepared to obtain a release film; when the surface of the 3D structure has effect requirements, a material with atomization, gloss or texture with structural characteristics can be selected according to the design requirements of the 3D structure, so that the release surface of the release film can be atomization surface, glossy surface or texture surface with structural characteristics; when the release surface of the release film has good release force with the liquid coating, the next process can be carried out directly. When the release surface of the release film has poor release force with the liquid coating, an additional release coating treatment is required on the release surface of the release film. The release coating can be an Anti-fingerprint coating on the release surface, or a layer of release UV (ultraviolet) glue is applied on the release surface.

[0054] Then, a layer of liquid coating is applied on any one surface or both surfaces of the substrate decorative film, and then the prepared sheet-like release material is covered on the liquid coating, and then rolling or air pressing is performed on the sheet-like substrate layer material through a rolling device, which not only makes the liquid coating evenly distributed between the substrate layer material and the release material, but also can exhaust gas to avoid bubbles between the liquid coating and the substrate layer material and the release material after curing, resulting in uneven surface and affecting the appearance of the 3D structure. After rolling, the liquid coating bonds the substrate layer material and the release material together to form an integral film 100, such as Figure 2 As shown, the rectangle with the center of the whole diaphragm 100 as the center is the effective area 101, or the circle with the center of the whole diaphragm as the center is the effective area 101, and the area located outside the rectangular effective area 101 is the invalid area 102, and the invalid area 102 is the four edges of the whole diaphragm 100.

[0055] There are two cases where a layer of liquid coating 106 is coated on any side of the substrate decorative film 105, such as Figure 3 One method shown is to coat a layer of liquid coating 106 on the surface of the decorative layer 104 of the substrate decorative film 105; Figure 4 Another method shown is to coat a layer of liquid coating 106 on the surface of the substrate layer 103 of the substrate decoration film 105 .

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, a layer of liquid coating 106 is coated on both sides of the substrate decorative film 105. Specifically, a layer of liquid coating is coated on the surface of the decorative layer 104 of the substrate decorative film 105 and on the surface of the substrate layer 103 of the substrate decorative film 105 at the same time. At this time, two prepared sheet release materials need to be covered on the liquid coating 106 respectively.

[0057] S3, curing the ineffective area, so that the liquid coating in the ineffective area is cured, and the liquid coating in the effective area remains in liquid state;

[0058] In this step, the whole membrane is placed in the mold, and the effective area is covered with a covering to avoid solidification of the liquid coating in the effective area, so that the liquid coating can remain in liquid state, which is conducive to subsequent stretching and molding. After covering the effective area, the invalid area is cured by ultraviolet light irradiation or heating and baking. After the liquid coating in the invalid area is cured, on the one hand, the liquid coating in the effective area is blocked, which can avoid the problem of glue loss in the effective area during processing and handling, heating and baking, and pressurizing and stretching, resulting in air in the middle of the membrane; on the other hand, because the liquid coating in the effective area is in liquid state, when deformation occurs during pressurizing and stretching, the liquid coating can flow arbitrarily with the shape of the mold, ensuring that each corner of the surface of the 3D structure can be evenly covered with a layer of liquid coating, thereby improving the hardness and wear resistance of the 3D structure.

[0059] S4, placing the whole diaphragm after solidification of the ineffective area into a first mold, heating, pressurizing and stretching the effective area, and taking out the formed whole diaphragm;

[0060] In this step, the first mold can be a molding device. The solidified integral diaphragm is placed in the molding device to heat and soften the effective area, and then the shape is pressed out through a concave-convex mold or the desired shape is extruded through high-pressure gas, liquid capsule, silicone head, etc., and the molded integral diaphragm is taken out.

[0061] S5, curing the formed integral film, and peeling off the release film after curing.

[0062] In this step, the formed integral film is placed in a mold for UV curing or baking curing, and after curing, the release film is peeled off to obtain a 3D structure.

[0063] In this embodiment, a decorative layer is provided on one surface of the substrate layer to make the 3D structure more gorgeous, and then the liquid coating is evenly coated on the middle of the release surface of the release film and the surface of either side of the substrate decorative film to form an overall film, or the liquid coating is evenly coated on the release surface of the release film and the middle of the surfaces on both sides of the substrate decorative film to form an overall film, and the ineffective areas around the edges of the overall film are cured, and the liquid coating in the effective area in the middle of the overall film is kept in a liquid state. On the one hand, after the liquid coating on the edge of the overall film is cured, the liquid coating in the middle can be During the processing and handling process, as well as the heating, baking and pressurizing and stretching process, the liquid coating will not be lost, resulting in the problem of air in the middle of the entire diaphragm; on the other hand, because the liquid coating in the middle is in liquid state, when deformation is generated by pressurizing and stretching, the liquid coating can flow arbitrarily with the shape of the mold, ensuring that every corner of the surface of the 3D structure can be evenly covered with a layer of liquid coating. After the liquid coating is completely cured, a 3D structure with a surface evenly covered with liquid coating can be obtained, avoiding cracking of the functional layer, accumulation of liquid or uneven film thickness of the functional layer.

[0064] See also Figure 6 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention also discloses a second embodiment of a method for manufacturing a 3D structure. In the embodiment, step S1 includes:

[0065] S10, providing a decorative layer on the substrate layer by screen printing, UV transfer optical texture, electroplating, color printing, four-color color printing, texture rubbing, pad printing, water transfer, laminating, or hot stamping to form a substrate decorative film;

[0066] In this step, (1) a decorative layer is formed by a silk screen printing process, and the specific steps are as follows: use a flat screen printer to print ink on the substrate layer (the diluent ratio used here is 10-20%, and the curing agent ratio is 5-12%); each silk screen printing needs to be baked at a temperature of 60-80 degrees Celsius for 10-30 minutes to allow the silk screen ink to be completely cured at high temperature, so that the adhesion between the ink and the substrate layer is guaranteed.

[0067] (2) The decorative layer is formed by UV transfer optical texture process. The specific steps are as follows: pour UV glue on the mold with texture, put the substrate layer on it, use a roller press to evenly apply a layer of UV glue on the entire surface of the UV texture, and then use an LED ultraviolet lamp with a main spectrum of 340m-400nm to adjust the energy range to: 200mj / cm 2 -20000mj / cm 2 , expose it, and after curing for 3 seconds, tear up the substrate layer to transfer the UV glue texture to the substrate layer, where the main component of the UV glue is acrylate.

[0068] (3) Forming a decorative layer through an electroplating process, the specific steps are: using a coating device to deposit on the texture surface by evaporation or sputtering in a vacuum environment, thereby obtaining a coating layer that protects the texture effect and color brightness.

[0069] (4) The decorative layer is formed by a color printing process. The specific steps are as follows: a high-precision color printer is used to print a pre-designed pattern on the substrate layer at a suitable resolution. After printing, a specific curing device is used to cure the printed pattern to ensure the color fastness and durability of the pattern.

[0070] (5) The decorative layer is formed by a four-color printing process. The specific steps are as follows: Use a four-color printing machine to accurately print the color ink on the substrate layer in sequence. Each color printing needs to be strictly calibrated and adjusted to ensure that the final color effect meets the design requirements. After printing, a drying process is performed to fully dry and solidify the ink.

[0071] (6) The decorative layer is formed by a texture rubbing process. The specific steps are as follows: a template with a unique texture is selected and the surface is evenly coated with rubbing glue. Then, the substrate layer is evenly covered on the template and appropriate pressure is applied to make the glue fully contact the substrate layer. After the glue dries, the substrate layer is carefully peeled off from the template. At this time, the texture on the template is rubbed onto the substrate layer.

[0072] (7) The decorative layer is formed by pad printing. The specific steps are as follows: first, the pattern is engraved on the pad printing steel plate, and then the pad printing rubber head is dipped in ink to transfer the pattern on the steel plate to the substrate layer. During the pad printing process, the pressure and speed of the rubber head must be controlled to ensure the clarity and integrity of the pattern.

[0073] (8) The decorative layer is formed by a water transfer process, and the specific steps are as follows: first, the water transfer film with the pattern printed on it is immersed in water to separate the pattern on the film from the film. Then, the substrate layer is placed in water to make the pattern adhere to the substrate layer. Finally, the pattern is firmly attached to the substrate layer by drying or other methods.

[0074] (9) Forming a decorative layer through a bonding process, the specific steps are: preparing decorative materials and bonding adhesive, aligning the decorative materials coated with bonding adhesive with the substrate layer, and using bonding equipment to apply a certain pressure and temperature to make the decorative materials and the substrate layer tightly bonded together.

[0075] (10) The decorative layer is formed by a hot stamping process. The specific steps are as follows: placing a hot stamping film on the substrate layer, using hot stamping equipment to heat and apply pressure to transfer the metal foil or pigment on the hot stamping film to the substrate layer, forming a shiny decorative effect.

[0076] The steps of S2 include:

[0077] S11: providing a release film;

[0078] In this step, a sheet of release material with high stretchability is prepared to obtain a release film. The material of the release film can be one of PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PET (polyethylene terephthalate plastic), PC (polycarbonate), or a thermoplastic material or thermosetting material composited from PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PET (polyethylene terephthalate plastic) or PC (polycarbonate); when the surface of the 3D structure has effect requirements, a material with atomization, brightness or texture can be selected according to the design requirements of the 3D structure, so that the release surface of the release film can be an atomized surface, a glossy surface or a textured surface; when the release surface of the release film has a good release force with the liquid coating, the following can be directly performed. In a process, when the release force between the release surface of the release film and the liquid coating is poor, an additional release coating treatment is required on the release surface of the release film. The release coating can be electroplated AF (the full name of AF in English is Anti-fingerprint, which means anti-fingerprint in Chinese) on the release surface, or a layer of release UV (ultraviolet) glue is coated on the release surface; specifically, the specific operation of electroplating AF is to perform AF anti-fingerprint treatment on the release film, wherein the AF anti-fingerprint treatment is mainly based on vacuum coating machine coating, and a weak alkaline cleaning agent or solvent is used to remove oil, moisture and other stains on the surface of the release film, and AF liquid is plated on the release film to form a release coating, so that the release coating and the liquid coating are easily separated.

[0079] S12: Applying a layer of liquid coating on one side or both sides of the substrate decorative film by means of screen printing, blade coating, flow coating, dip coating or roll coating.

[0080] In this step, the substrate layer provided with the decorative layer is placed on the work surface, and the liquid coating is screen-printed on the surface of one or both sides of the substrate decorative film by screen printing process, or the liquid coating is applied on the surface of one or both sides of the substrate decorative film by scraping, shower coating, dipping or rolling.

[0081] Among them, the liquid coating is one or more of hardened wear-resistant coating, skin-feel coating, antibacterial coating, antistatic coating, waterproof and moisture-proof coating, thermal insulation coating, chemical corrosion-resistant coating, self-cleaning coating, fluorescent coating, electromagnetic shielding coating, protective coating, insulating coating, and decorative coating.

[0082] When the liquid coating is a hardened coating, the material of the hardened coating may be epoxy resin glue or UV glue, and the main component of the UV glue is acrylate, so that the 3D structure of the present application has high hardness and high wear resistance.

[0083] When the liquid coating is a skin-feel coating, the main components of the material of the skin-feel coating are prepolymer, active monomer, photoinitiator, leveling agent, defoamer, adhesion promoter and special additives. For example, the prepolymer can be a polyurethane acrylate prepolymer, which forms a macromolecular network during the curing process and provides the basic properties of the skin-feel coating, such as hardness, flexibility and adhesion; the active monomer can be a common acrylate monomer, such as trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), etc., which participate in the polymerization reaction and regulate The viscosity and curing speed of the glue are reduced, and the performance after curing is affected; the photoinitiator can be 1173, 184, etc., which generates free radicals under ultraviolet light to initiate the polymerization reaction of prepolymers and monomers; the leveling agent is used to improve the leveling performance of the glue during the coating process and reduce surface defects; the defoaming agent is used to prevent the generation of bubbles during stirring and coating; the adhesion promoter enhances the bonding force between the glue and the substrate; the special additive can be nanoparticles or microspheres, which give the glue surface a delicate and soft touch and achieve a skin-feeling effect, so that the 3D stereoscopic structure of the present application has a skin-feeling effect.

[0084] When the liquid coating is an antibacterial coating, the antibacterial coating can be an antibacterial coating containing copper ions, nanosilver particles or antibacterial nanometal oxides; the antibacterial coating containing copper ions can effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella ersini, Colitis and Listeria monocytogenes; illustratively, PET is hydroxylated and carboxylated, the surface of the nanosilver is modified with mercaptoethylamine, and then the carboxyl group is activated using 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), and finally the modified nanosilver is added with magnetic stirring to allow the nanosilver to be chemically bonded to the surface of PET to form a functional layer with antibacterial effect; the antibacterial nanometal oxide can be coated on the surface of the substrate by spraying, scraping, rotating or extruding, and after baking and curing, a nanocoating with antibacterial, mildew-proof and formaldehyde-decomposing functions is formed, so that the 3D structure of the present application has an antibacterial effect.

[0085] When the liquid coating is an antistatic coating, a conductive layer is formed on the plastic surface, so that the static electricity on the surface of the plastic product can be quickly transferred to the ground or other grounded objects, thereby avoiding the accumulation and discharge of static electricity, preventing static electricity from damaging internal electronic components, reducing dust absorption, and reducing the risk of fire or explosion caused by static sparks.

[0086] When the liquid coating is a waterproof and moisture-proof coating, the coating is usually a hydrophobic material that can form a dense waterproof film on the plastic surface to prevent water penetration and absorption. It can protect the electronic components and mechanical parts inside the 3D structure from water erosion, extend the service life of the product, and improve the reliability of the product.

[0087] When the liquid coating is a heat-insulating coating, the coating contains a substance with low thermal conductivity, which can reduce the transfer of heat. The heat-insulating coating can effectively reduce the temperature of the product surface, protect users from burns, and also reduce the aging and deformation of internal components caused by high temperature, thereby maintaining the stable performance of the product.

[0088] When the liquid coating is a chemical corrosion-resistant coating, the coating is composed of materials that are resistant to acid, alkali, organic solvents and other chemical substances, and can form a protective film on the plastic surface to prevent the chemical substances from corroding and damaging the plastic.

[0089] When the liquid coating is a self-cleaning coating, the surface has a special microstructure and chemical composition, which allows water droplets or other liquids to form balls on the coating surface and roll off easily, while taking away dust and stains on the surface, thereby achieving the function of automatic cleaning. The frequency and cost of manual cleaning are reduced, and the appearance of the 3D structure is kept clean and beautiful.

[0090] When the liquid coating is a fluorescent coating, the coating can fluoresce and produce a bright luminous effect when exposed to ultraviolet light or other specific wavelengths of light. The coating can be used for decoration, identification and safety warnings to increase the visual appeal and functionality of 3D structures. For example, at night or in low-light environments, fluorescent coatings can make products easier to find and improve safety.

[0091] When the liquid coating is an electromagnetic shielding coating, the coating contains conductive or magnetic materials that can absorb or reflect electromagnetic waves, thereby reducing the interference of electromagnetic radiation on electronic components inside the 3D structure, and preventing the electromagnetic radiation generated by the product itself from affecting the surrounding environment and other equipment.

[0092] When the liquid coating is a protective coating, the protective coating is usually composed of wear-resistant, scratch-resistant, and impact-resistant materials. It can form a solid protective layer on the surface of the 3D structure to effectively resist external physical damage. For example, in some application scenarios that may be subject to collision and friction, the protective coating can protect the integrity and appearance quality of the product and extend its service life.

[0093] When the liquid coating is an insulating coating, the insulating coating is composed of materials with good insulating properties, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, silicone rubber, etc. It can form an insulating film on the surface of the 3D structure to prevent the conduction of current and avoid the risk of electric shock. In some applications involving electrical equipment or electronic components, the insulating coating can ensure the safe operation of the product and protect the personal safety of the user.

[0094] When the liquid coating is a decorative coating, the decorative coating can be a coating of various colors, patterns or textures. Its main function is to give the 3D structure a beautiful appearance and meet the personalized needs of different users. The decorative coating can be applied to the substrate layer by spraying, printing, laminating, etc., adding an artistic and fashionable feel to the product.

[0095] The functional layer of the present application is not limited to a hardened coating, a skin-feel coating, an antibacterial coating, an antistatic coating, a waterproof and moisture-proof coating, a heat-insulating coating, a chemical corrosion-resistant coating, a self-cleaning coating, a fluorescent coating, an electromagnetic shielding coating, a protective coating, an insulating coating or a decorative coating, and can also be a coating with other functions.

[0096] S13: Cover the release surface of the release film on the side of the liquid coating away from the substrate decorative film, roll it through a rolling device or put it into a vacuum container for air pressure, exhaust the air and make the liquid coating evenly distributed between the substrate decorative film and the release film to form the overall film.

[0097] In this step, the release surface of the release film is covered on the liquid coating, and the release film and the substrate decorative film are rolled together by rolling, wherein the rolling pressure range is: 0.1mpa / cm 2 -0.6mpa / cm 2 The hardness range of the roller rod is: Shore 30-Shore 85, and the thickness range of the liquid coating is: 0.008mm-0.2mm). After rolling by the roller rod, an integral film with the liquid coating evenly coated on the release film and the substrate layer is obtained.

[0098] Optionally, the release surface of the release film is covered on the liquid coating, and after the base decorative film is covered with the release film, it is placed in a vacuum container, wherein the pressure range of the vacuum container is: 0.2-1 MPa, the temperature is 20-70 degrees Celsius, and the time is 5-90 minutes. After vacuum pressure, an integral film with the liquid coating evenly coated between the release film and the base layer is obtained.

[0099] The steps of S3 include:

[0100] S14: placing the integral diaphragm into a second mold;

[0101] S15: shielding the effective area with a shielding object, and curing the ineffective area with ultraviolet light or baking, so that the liquid coating in the ineffective area is cured, and the liquid coating in the effective area remains in liquid state, wherein the ultraviolet light wavelength is 340-400nm, and the irradiation energy is 200mj / cm 2 -20000mj / cm 2The irradiation time is 1-30 seconds, the baking temperature is 50℃-120℃, and the baking time is 3min-90min.

[0102] In this step, the third mold can be a UV mercury lamp or an oven. When the third mold is a UV mercury lamp, the entire film is placed on an exposure platform, a black shading paper is used to block UV ultraviolet rays in the effective area, and the remaining ineffective area is irradiated with UV to solidify the liquid coating in the ineffective area into a solid state. The liquid coating in the effective area that is not irradiated remains in a liquid state, wherein an LED ultraviolet curing device is used to cure the glue, and the energy range of the ultraviolet band of 340nm-400nm is adjusted to: 200mj / cm 2 -20000mj / cm 2 Irradiate for 1-30 seconds to obtain an overall membrane in which the liquid coating in the effective area of ​​the material is liquid and the liquid coating in the invalid area is solid, ensuring that the liquid coating in the effective area that needs to be stretched is completely enclosed in the middle of the overall membrane to avoid bubbles and glue shortage caused by glue loss from the edge during heating and stretching.

[0103] Alternatively, when the third mold is an oven, the entire diaphragm is placed on the operating table, and an IR (infrared) heating device is used. The baking temperature range of the IR (infrared) heating device is adjusted to: 50°C-120°C, and the baking time is 3min-90min. The effective area is shielded with a fixture to prevent the liquid coating in the effective area from being cured after being heated. The liquid coating in the invalid area is initially cured after high-temperature baking to obtain an entire diaphragm in which the liquid coating in the effective area of ​​the material is liquid and the liquid coating in the invalid area is solid. Ensure that the liquid coating in the effective area that needs to be stretched is completely enclosed in the middle of the entire diaphragm to avoid bubbles and glue shortages caused by the loss of the liquid coating from the edge during heating and stretching.

[0104] The steps of S4 include:

[0105] S16: placing the whole diaphragm after solidification of the ineffective area into a first mold, and heating and pressurizing the effective area to bake the whole diaphragm so that the whole diaphragm is softened and can be stretched and shaped;

[0106] In this step, the first mold can be a molding device, which is heated to 110°C-140°C, and then the solidified integral diaphragm is placed on the surface of the molding device. After the upper and lower molds are closed, the IR baking tray temperature is set to 320°C-420°C for baking, so that the integral diaphragm is softened to a state where it can be stretched and shaped. The baking time of the IR (infrared) heating device is set to 25S-50S.

[0107] S17: Pressing out the desired shape through a concave-convex mold or extruding the desired shape through high-pressure gas, a liquid capsule, a silicone head, etc. to obtain a formed integral diaphragm, and taking out the formed integral diaphragm.

[0108] In this step, after the solidified integral diaphragm is baked and softened, it is closed by means of a concave and convex mold and extruded through the membrane cavity parting surface. The pressure range is: 0.7mpa-1.5mpa, and the pressure holding time is: 3S-10S. Finally, the mold is opened to take out the formed integral diaphragm.

[0109] Optionally, after the solidified integral diaphragm is baked and softened, it is blown into the desired shape with high-pressure gas, the pressure range is: 0.7mpa-1.5mpa, the pressure holding time is: 3s-10s, and finally the pressure inside the mold cavity is released, the mold is opened, and the formed integral diaphragm is taken out.

[0110] Optionally, after the solidified integral diaphragm is baked and softened, the liquid capsule is injected with liquid, and the liquid capsule is pushed by the liquid to press out the desired shape. The pressure range is: 0.7mpa-1.5mpa, and the pressure holding time is: 3S-10S. Finally, the pressure inside the mold cavity is released, the mold is opened, and the formed integral diaphragm is taken out.

[0111] Optionally, after the solidified integral diaphragm is baked and softened, it is squeezed out into the desired shape with a silicone head, the pressure range is: 0.7mpa-1.5mpa, the pressure holding time is: 3S-10S, and finally the pressure inside the mold cavity is released, the mold is opened, and the formed integral diaphragm is taken out.

[0112] The steps of S5 include:

[0113] S18: curing the formed integral film by ultraviolet irradiation or baking, wherein the ultraviolet light wavelength is 340-400nm and the irradiation energy is 200mj / cm 2 -20000mj / cm 2 , the baking temperature is 50℃-120℃, and the baking time is 3min-120min;

[0114] In this step, the formed integral film is placed in a third mold for UV irradiation curing or baking curing, wherein the third mold can be a UV mercury lamp or an oven. When the third mold is a UV mercury lamp, the formed integral film is placed on an exposure platform and irradiated with a UV mercury lamp, wherein the ultraviolet light wavelength is 340-400nm, and the UV mercury lamp energy is set to 200mj / cm 2 -20000mj / cm 2, so that the liquid coating between the release film and the substrate layer is completely cured. When the third mold is an oven, the formed integral film is placed in the oven for baking and curing, wherein the oven temperature setting range is: 50℃-120℃, and the baking time is 3min-120min, so that the liquid coating between the release film and the substrate layer is completely cured.

[0115] S19: taking out the formed and cured integral film and peeling off the release film.

[0116] In this step, the formed and cured overall film is taken out, and then the release film is peeled off from the overall film, so that the 3D structure of the present application has any one of the effects of high hardness, high wear resistance, antibacterial and skin feel.

[0117] After step S5, the following steps are also included:

[0118] S20: Cutting off the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser according to the preset drawing.

[0119] In this step, the redundant parts of the 3D structure are cut off by CNC lathe, punching or laser according to the preset drawing. This step can be performed or not according to actual needs. For example, when the preset shape can be directly formed, cutting is no longer required. If some structures are more complicated and it is difficult to directly form the preset shape, the redundant parts can be cut off later through this step.

[0120] S21: placing the cut 3D structure into an injection molding machine for IMD injection molding.

[0121] In this step, it is decided whether to put the cut 3D structure into the injection molding machine for IMD injection molding according to the actual situation. Figure 7 As shown, the 3D structure after injection molding comprises, from top to bottom, a liquid coating 106, a substrate layer 103, a decorative layer 104 (comprising a UV texture layer 107, a PVD electroplating layer 108 and a silk-screen ink layer 109 in sequence) and an injection molding layer 200.

[0122] Specifically, the mold-closing injection molding process is to close the front mold and the back mold of the injection molding machine, inject the molten injection plastic into the mold cavity, and the injection plastic combines with the decorative layer of the 3D structure under the action of pressure and temperature to form an injection plastic layer, so that the 3D structure and the plastic form a whole; the pressure-holding cooling process is to maintain a certain pressure after the injection molding is completed, so that the plastic fully fills the mold cavity, and cools at the same time to solidify the plastic. The cooling method can be water cooling, air cooling, etc. Among them, the injection molding plastic can be general plastics (polyethylene (PE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), general-purpose polystyrene (GPPS), high-impact polystyrene (HIPS)), engineering plastics (polyamide (PA, commonly known as nylon), polycarbonate (PC), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyphenylene ether (PPO)), thermoplastic elastomers (thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV)) or special plastics (polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, commonly known as Teflon)).

[0123] In IMD molding, the 3D structure plays the following important roles:

[0124] 1. The main structure that forms the 3D structure

[0125] During the IMD process, the plastic is heated and melted before being injected into the mold cavity. It quickly fills the mold and cools and solidifies to form the main structure of the 3D structure. This main structure provides the necessary strength, rigidity and stability for the 3D structure, ensuring that the 3D structure can withstand external forces and pressures under various use conditions and meet the functional requirements of the product in actual applications.

[0126] 2. Injection molding is firmly combined with 3D structure

[0127] When the plastic rice is injected into the mold cavity, it will come into close contact with the 3D structure placed in the mold in advance. Under the action of high temperature and pressure, the plastic rice and the decorative layer of the 3D structure fuse together, thus achieving a firm combination of the two. This combination allows the pattern, color and decorative effect on the 3D structure to be firmly attached to the surface of the 3D structure, and is not easy to fall off or wear, giving the product a beautiful appearance and unique decorative effect.

[0128] 3. Give 3D structure specific properties

[0129] Different types of injection molding plastics have different physical, chemical and mechanical properties. By choosing the right injection molding plastic, you can give your product specific properties, such as heat resistance, cold resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, flame retardancy, conductivity, etc. For example, in some products that need to be used in high temperature environments, you can choose injection molding plastics with good heat resistance; in some products that need to prevent static electricity accumulation, you can choose injection molding plastics with conductive properties.

[0130] Alternatively, after curing the formed integral membrane in step S5, the method further comprises:

[0131] 1) According to the preset drawing, the position of the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure is cut off by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting;

[0132] 2) Putting the cut 3D structure into an injection molding machine for IMD injection molding.

[0133] In this step, the redundant parts of the 3D structure can be cut off by CNC lathe, punching or laser according to the preset drawing. The cutting process can be performed or not according to actual needs. For example, when the preset shape can be formed directly, cutting is no longer required. If some structures are more complicated and it is difficult to form the preset shape directly, the redundant parts can be cut off through this cutting process later, and then the release film can be peeled off. At the same time, it can also be decided whether to perform the injection molding process according to the actual situation. If the injection molding process is performed, cutting and injection molding are performed in sequence and then the release film is peeled off.

[0134] In this embodiment, the cut 3D structure is placed in an injection molding machine for IMD injection molding. Injection molding provides a main structure for the 3D structure, further improving the strength, rigidity and stability of the 3D structure, ensuring that the 3D structure can withstand external forces and pressures under various conditions of use, and meeting the functional requirements of the 3D structure in practical applications; on the other hand, the injection molding is firmly combined with the 3D structure, and this combination enables the pattern, color and decorative effect on the 3D structure to be firmly attached to the surface of the product, not easy to fall off or wear, giving the 3D structure a beautiful appearance and unique decorative effect; on the other hand, it gives the 3D structure specific properties, because different types of injection molding have different physical, chemical and mechanical properties. By selecting the appropriate injection molding, specific properties can be given to the product, such as heat resistance, cold resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, flame retardancy, conductivity, etc.

[0135] In this embodiment, a decorative layer is provided on one surface of the substrate layer to make the 3D structure more gorgeous, and then the liquid coating is evenly coated on the middle of the release surface of the release film and the surface of either side of the substrate decorative film to form an overall film, or the liquid coating is evenly coated on the release surface of the release film and the middle of the surfaces on both sides of the substrate decorative film to form an overall film, and the ineffective areas around the edges of the overall film are cured, and the liquid coating in the effective area in the middle of the overall film is kept in a liquid state. On the one hand, after the liquid coating on the edge of the overall film is cured, the liquid coating in the middle can be During the processing and handling process, as well as the heating, baking and pressurizing and stretching process, the liquid coating will not be lost, resulting in the problem of air in the middle of the entire diaphragm; on the other hand, because the liquid coating in the middle is in liquid state, when deformation is generated by pressurizing and stretching, the liquid coating can flow arbitrarily with the shape of the mold, ensuring that every corner of the surface of the 3D structure can be evenly covered with a layer of liquid coating. After the liquid coating is completely cured, a 3D structure with a surface evenly covered with liquid coating can be obtained, avoiding cracking of the functional layer, accumulation of liquid or uneven film thickness of the functional layer.

[0136] For a better understanding, four implementation methods of the processing technology corresponding to the specific materials of the substrate layer, the specific materials of the liquid coating layer, and the release film are listed below:

[0137] See also Figure 8 As shown, when the material of the substrate layer is a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material composited with polymethyl methacrylate and polycarbonate, the material of the liquid coating is UV ultraviolet glue, the material of the release film is polyvinyl chloride, and its release surface is a smooth surface, it is a third embodiment, which includes the following steps:

[0138] S30: providing a substrate layer formed by compounding polycarbonate (PC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).

[0139] In this step, a sheet-like substrate layer material with stretchable shape is prepared, wherein the substrate layer is formed by pressing a polycarbonate (PC) board and a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) board. PMMA has a certain hardness, and PC has good tensile ductility. When they are compounded together, the substrate layer has both a certain hardness for easy support and stretchable ductility for easy molding.

[0140] S31: transferring the texture to the PC surface of the substrate layer through a UV texture mold to obtain a substrate layer with a texture;

[0141] In this step, pour UV glue on the mold with texture, put the substrate layer on it, and use a roller press to evenly apply a layer of UV glue on the entire surface of the UV texture. When using the LED UV lamp, adjust the energy range of the main spectrum of 340nm-400m to: 200mj / cm 2 -20000mj / cm 2 , and then expose it. After curing for 3 seconds, the substrate layer is torn up to transfer the UV glue texture to the substrate layer. The main component of UV glue is acrylate.

[0142] S32: using a vacuum coating device to perform coating on the textured surface of the textured substrate layer to obtain a substrate layer having a coating layer;

[0143] In this step, a coating device is used to deposit on the texture surface by evaporation or sputtering in a vacuum environment, thereby obtaining a coating layer that protects the texture effect and color brightness.

[0144] S33: Coloring the coating layer of the substrate layer having the coating layer with printing ink by screen printing to obtain a color protection layer.

[0145] In this step, a flat screen printer is used to screen print ink on the coating layer of the substrate layer having the coating layer (the diluent ratio used here is 10-20%, and the curing agent ratio is 5-12%); each screen printing needs to be baked at a temperature of 60-80 degrees Celsius for 10-30 minutes to allow the screen-printed ink to be completely cured at high temperature, so that the adhesion between the ink and the coating layer is guaranteed, while protecting the coating layer from oxidation and damage.

[0146] S34: preparing a release film having a smooth surface and stretchability, wherein the material of the release film is polyvinyl chloride (PVC);

[0147] In this step, polyvinyl chloride has good tensile ductility and a low softening temperature, and is suitable for low-temperature softening deformation.

[0148] Optionally, when the release film has good release force with UV glue, the next process can be carried out directly. When the release film has poor release force with UV glue, an additional release coating treatment is required on one side of the release film. This coating can be electroplating AF on the release material, or coating a layer of release UV glue on the release material.

[0149] S35: UV ultraviolet glue is coated on the PMMA surface of the substrate layer having the color protection layer, and then the smooth surface of the release film is covered on the UV ultraviolet glue, followed by rolling or air pressure lamination to obtain an integral film sheet;

[0150] In this step, the substrate layer with the color protection layer is placed on the work surface, and the liquid coating is covered on the PMMA surface of the substrate layer with the color protection layer by screen printing or dispensing, and then the release surface of the release film is covered on the UV ultraviolet glue, and the substrate layer and the release film are rolled and laminated by rolling. The UV ultraviolet glue is a liquid coating, and the main component of the UV ultraviolet glue is acrylate. The rolling pressure range is: 0.1mpa / cm 2 -0.6mpa / cm 2 The hardness range of the roller rod is: Shaw 30-Shore 85, the thickness range of UV ultraviolet glue is: 0.008mm-0.2mm, and after rolling by the roller rod, an integral film with UV ultraviolet glue evenly coated on the release film and the substrate layer is obtained.

[0151] Optionally, the release surface of the release film is covered on the UV glue, and after the substrate layer is covered with the release film, it is placed in a vacuum container, wherein the pressure range of the vacuum container is: 0.2-1 MPa, the temperature is 20-70 degrees Celsius, and the time is 5-90 minutes. After vacuum pressure, an integral film with UV glue evenly coated on the release film and the substrate layer is obtained.

[0152] S36: curing the UV ultraviolet glue in the ineffective area of ​​the whole film by UV irradiation;

[0153] In this step, the whole film is placed on the exposure platform, the effective area is shielded from UV rays by a piece of black shading paper, and the remaining ineffective area is irradiated with UV rays to solidify the UV glue in the ineffective area into a solid state, while the UV glue in the effective area that is not irradiated remains in a liquid state. The LED UV curing device is used to cure the glue, and the energy range of the UV band of 340nm-400nm is adjusted to: 200mj / cm 2 -20000mj / cm 2 Irradiate for 1-30 seconds to obtain an integral membrane in which the UV glue in the effective area of ​​the material is liquid and the UV glue in the ineffective area is solid, ensuring that the UV glue in the effective area that needs to be stretched is completely enclosed in the middle of the integral membrane to avoid bubbles and glue shortage caused by the loss of UV glue from the edge during heating and stretching.

[0154] S37: placing the solidified integral membrane into a molding device for heating and pressurizing to obtain a molded integral membrane;

[0155] In this step, the molding equipment is heated to 110℃-140℃, and then the solidified integral diaphragm is placed on the surface of the molding equipment. After the upper and lower molds are closed, the IR baking tray temperature is set to 320℃-420℃ for baking, so that the integral diaphragm is softened to a state where it can be stretched and shaped. The baking time of the IR (infrared) heating equipment is set to 25S-50S. After the solidified integral diaphragm is baked and softened, the inside of the mold cavity is vacuum treated with a vacuum degree of -0.5mpa to -1mpa, and then the desired shape is blown out with high-pressure gas or pressed out with a concave mold and a convex mold. The pressure range is: 0.7mpa-1.5mpa, and the pressure holding time is: 3S-10S. Finally, the pressure inside the mold cavity is released, the mold is opened, and the formed integral diaphragm is taken out.

[0156] S38: placing the formed integral film on an exposure platform for UV light curing, and peeling off the release film;

[0157] In this step, the formed whole film is placed on the exposure platform and irradiated with a UV mercury lamp, wherein the energy of the UV mercury lamp is set to 800mj / cm 2 -2000mj / cm 2 , so that the UV ultraviolet glue between the release film and the substrate layer is completely cured, the hardness of the surface of the 3D structure is improved, and the surface of the 3D structure is made more wear-resistant, and then the release film is peeled off to obtain the 3D structure.

[0158] S39: Cutting off the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser according to the preset drawing.

[0159] In this step, the redundant parts of the 3D structure are cut off by CNC lathe, punching or laser according to the preset drawing. This step can be performed or not according to actual needs. For example, when the preset shape can be directly formed, cutting is no longer required. If some structures are more complicated and it is difficult to directly form the preset shape, the redundant parts can be cut off later through this step.

[0160] S391: placing the cut 3D structure into an injection molding machine for IMD injection molding.

[0161] In this step, it is decided whether to put the cut 3D structure into the injection molding machine for IMD injection molding according to the actual situation. Specifically, the mold closing injection molding process is to close the front mold and the back mold of the injection molding machine, and inject the molten injection plastic into the mold cavity. Under the action of pressure and temperature, the injection plastic combines with the decorative layer of the 3D structure to form a whole with the plastic; the pressure holding cooling process is to maintain a certain pressure after the injection molding is completed, so that the plastic fully fills the mold cavity, and cools at the same time to solidify the plastic. The cooling method can be water cooling, air cooling, etc. Among them, the injection molding plastic can be general plastics (polyethylene (PE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), general-purpose polystyrene (GPPS), high-impact polystyrene (HIPS)), engineering plastics (polyamide (PA, commonly known as nylon), polycarbonate (PC), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyphenylene ether (PPO)), thermoplastic elastomers (thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV)) or special plastics (polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, commonly known as Teflon)).

[0162] In IMD molding, the 3D structure plays the following important roles:

[0163] 1. The main structure that forms the 3D structure

[0164] During the IMD process, the plastic is heated and melted before being injected into the mold cavity. It quickly fills the mold and cools and solidifies to form the main structure of the 3D structure. This main structure provides the necessary strength, rigidity and stability for the 3D structure, ensuring that the 3D structure can withstand external forces and pressures under various use conditions and meet the functional requirements of the product in actual applications.

[0165] 2. Injection molding is firmly combined with 3D structure

[0166] When the plastic rice is injected into the mold cavity, it will come into close contact with the 3D structure placed in the mold in advance. Under the action of high temperature and pressure, the plastic rice and the decorative layer of the 3D structure fuse together, thus achieving a firm combination of the two. This combination allows the pattern, color and decorative effect on the 3D structure to be firmly attached to the surface of the 3D structure, and is not easy to fall off or wear, giving the product a beautiful appearance and unique decorative effect.

[0167] 3. Give 3D structure specific properties

[0168] Different types of injection molding plastics have different physical, chemical and mechanical properties. By choosing the right injection molding plastic, you can give your product specific properties, such as heat resistance, cold resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, flame retardancy, conductivity, etc. For example, in some products that need to be used in high temperature environments, you can choose injection molding plastics with good heat resistance; in some products that need to prevent static electricity accumulation, you can choose injection molding plastics with conductive properties.

[0169] Alternatively, after placing the formed integral film on an exposure platform for UV light curing in step S38, the method further includes:

[0170] 1) According to the preset drawing, the position of the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure is cut off by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting;

[0171] 2) Putting the cut 3D structure into an injection molding machine for IMD injection molding.

[0172] In this step, the redundant parts of the 3D structure can be cut off by CNC lathe, punching or laser according to the preset drawing. The cutting process can be performed or not according to actual needs. For example, when the preset shape can be formed directly, cutting is no longer required. If some structures are more complicated and it is difficult to form the preset shape directly, the redundant parts can be cut off through this cutting process later, and then the release film can be peeled off. At the same time, it can also be decided whether to perform the injection molding process according to the actual situation. If the injection molding process is performed, cutting and injection molding are performed in sequence and then the release film is peeled off.

[0173] In this embodiment, the cut 3D structure is placed in an injection molding machine for IMD injection molding. Injection molding provides a main structure for the 3D structure, further improving the strength, rigidity and stability of the 3D structure, ensuring that the 3D structure can withstand external forces and pressures under various conditions of use, and meeting the functional requirements of the 3D structure in practical applications; on the other hand, the injection molding is firmly combined with the 3D structure, and this combination enables the pattern, color and decorative effect on the 3D structure to be firmly attached to the surface of the product, not easy to fall off or wear, giving the 3D structure a beautiful appearance and unique decorative effect; on the other hand, it gives the 3D structure specific properties, because different types of injection molding have different physical, chemical and mechanical properties. By selecting the appropriate injection molding, specific properties can be given to the product, such as heat resistance, cold resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, flame retardancy, conductivity, etc.

[0174] See also Fig. 9As shown, when the material of the substrate layer is a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material composited with polymethyl methacrylate and polycarbonate, the material of the liquid coating is epoxy resin glue, the material of the release film is polyvinyl chloride, and the release surface is a smooth surface, it is a fourth embodiment, which includes the following steps:

[0175] S40: providing a substrate layer formed by compounding polycarbonate (PC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).

[0176] In this step, the description of the above step S40 refers to S30 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0177] S41: transferring the texture to the PC surface of the substrate layer through a UV texture mold to obtain a substrate layer with a texture;

[0178] In this step, the description of the above step S41 refers to S31 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0179] S42: using a vacuum coating device to perform coating on the textured surface of the textured substrate layer to obtain a substrate layer having a coating layer;

[0180] In this step, the description of the above step S42 refers to S32 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0181] S43: Coloring the coating layer of the substrate layer having the coating layer with printing ink by screen printing to obtain a color protection layer.

[0182] In this step, the description of the above step S43 refers to S33 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0183] S44: preparing a release film having a smooth surface and stretchability, wherein the material of the release film is polyvinyl chloride (PVC);

[0184] In this step, the description of the above step S44 refers to S34 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0185] S45: coating the PMMA surface of the substrate layer with the color protection layer with epoxy resin glue, and then covering the smooth surface of the release film on the epoxy resin glue, followed by rolling or air pressure lamination to obtain an integral film sheet;

[0186] In this step, the substrate layer with the color protection layer is placed on the work surface, and the liquid coating is covered on the PMMA surface of the substrate layer with the color protection layer by screen printing or dispensing. Then, the release surface of the release film is covered on the epoxy resin glue, and the substrate layer and the release film are rolled and laminated by rolling. The epoxy resin glue is a liquid coating, and the rolling pressure range is: 0.1mpa / cm 2 -0.6mpa / cm 2 The hardness range of the roller rod is: Shaw 30-Shaw 85, the thickness range of the epoxy resin glue is: 0.008mm-0.2mm, and after rolling with the roller rod, an integral film with the epoxy resin glue evenly coated on the release film and the substrate layer is obtained.

[0187] Optionally, the release surface of the release film is covered on the epoxy resin glue, and after the substrate layer is covered with the release film, it is placed in a vacuum container, wherein the pressure range of the vacuum container is: 0.2-1 MPa, the temperature is 20-70 degrees Celsius, and the time is 5-90 minutes. After vacuum pressure, an integral film with the epoxy resin glue evenly coated between the release film and the substrate layer is obtained.

[0188] S46: baking and curing the epoxy resin glue in the ineffective area of ​​the whole diaphragm;

[0189] In this step, the whole diaphragm is placed on the operating table, and an IR infrared heating device is used. The baking temperature range of the IR (infrared) heating device is adjusted to: 50℃-120℃, and the baking time is 3min-90min. The effective area is shielded with a fixture to prevent the epoxy resin glue in the effective area from being cured after being heated. The epoxy resin glue in the invalid area is initially cured after high-temperature baking to obtain an overall diaphragm in which the epoxy resin glue in the effective area of ​​the material is liquid and the epoxy resin glue in the invalid area is solid. Ensure that the epoxy resin glue in the effective area that needs to be stretched is completely enclosed in the middle of the whole diaphragm to avoid bubbles and glue shortage caused by the loss of epoxy resin glue from the edge during heating and stretching.

[0190] S47: placing the solidified integral membrane into a molding device for heating and pressurizing to obtain a molded integral membrane;

[0191] In this step, the description of the above step S47 refers to S37 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0192] S48: placing the formed integral film on an exposure platform for baking and curing, and peeling off the release film;

[0193] In this step, the formed integral film is placed in an oven for baking and curing, wherein the oven temperature setting range is: 50°C-120°C, and the baking time is 3min-120min, so that the epoxy resin glue located between the release film and the substrate layer can be completely cured, thereby improving the surface hardness of the 3D structure and making the surface of the 3D structure more wear-resistant.

[0194] S49: Cutting off the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser according to the preset drawing.

[0195] In this step, the description of the above step S49 refers to S39 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0196] S491: placing the cut 3D structure into an injection molding machine for IMD injection molding.

[0197] In this step, the description of the above step S491 refers to S391 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0198] After placing the formed integral film on the exposure platform for baking and curing in step S48, the method further includes:

[0199] 1) According to the preset drawing, the position of the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure is cut off by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting;

[0200] 2) Putting the cut 3D structure into an injection molding machine for IMD injection molding.

[0201] In this step, the redundant parts of the 3D structure can be cut off by CNC lathe, punching or laser according to the preset drawing. The cutting process can be performed or not according to actual needs. For example, when the preset shape can be formed directly, cutting is no longer required. If some structures are more complicated and it is difficult to form the preset shape directly, the redundant parts can be cut off through this cutting process later, and then the release film can be peeled off. At the same time, it can also be decided whether to perform the injection molding process according to the actual situation. If the injection molding process is performed, cutting and injection molding are performed in sequence and then the release film is peeled off.

[0202] In this embodiment, the cut 3D structure is placed in an injection molding machine for IMD injection molding. Injection molding provides a main structure for the 3D structure, further improving the strength, rigidity and stability of the 3D structure, ensuring that the 3D structure can withstand external forces and pressures under various conditions of use, and meeting the functional requirements of the 3D structure in practical applications; on the other hand, the injection molding is firmly combined with the 3D structure, and this combination enables the pattern, color and decorative effect on the 3D structure to be firmly attached to the surface of the product, not easy to fall off or wear, giving the 3D structure a beautiful appearance and unique decorative effect; on the other hand, it gives the 3D structure specific properties, because different types of injection molding have different physical, chemical and mechanical properties. By selecting the appropriate injection molding, specific properties can be given to the product, such as heat resistance, cold resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, flame retardancy, conductivity, etc.

[0203] See also Fig.10 As shown, when the material of the substrate layer is a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material composited with polymethyl methacrylate and polycarbonate, the material of the liquid coating is UV ultraviolet glue, the material of the release film is polyvinyl chloride, and its release surface is a smooth surface, and a release coating is additionally added on the smooth surface, it is a fifth embodiment, which includes the following steps:

[0204] S50: providing a substrate layer formed by compounding polycarbonate (PC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).

[0205] In this step, the description of the above step S50 refers to S30 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0206] S51: transferring the texture to the PC surface of the substrate layer through a UV texture mold to obtain a substrate layer with a texture;

[0207] In this step, the description of the above step S51 refers to S31 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0208] S52: using a vacuum coating device to perform coating on the textured surface of the textured substrate layer to obtain a substrate layer having a coating layer;

[0209] In this step, the description of the above step S52 refers to S32 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0210] S53: Coloring the coating layer of the substrate layer having the coating layer with printing ink by screen printing to obtain a color protection layer.

[0211] In this step, the description of the above step S53 refers to S33 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0212] S54: preparing a release film with a smooth surface and stretchability, and providing a release coating layer on the smooth surface, wherein the material of the release film is polyvinyl chloride (PVC);

[0213] In this step, the release film is subjected to AF anti-fingerprint treatment, wherein the AF anti-fingerprint treatment is mainly performed by vacuum coating machine coating, and a weak alkaline cleaning agent or solvent is used to remove oil, moisture and other stains on the surface of the release film, and AF solution is plated on the release film to form a release coating, so that the release coating and UV ultraviolet glue can be easily separated.

[0214] S55: UV glue is coated on the PMMA surface of the substrate layer with the color protection layer, and then the smooth surface of the release film is covered on the UV glue, followed by rolling or air pressure lamination to obtain an integral film sheet;

[0215] In this step, the description of the above step S55 refers to S35 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0216] S56: curing the UV ultraviolet glue in the ineffective area of ​​the whole film by UV irradiation;

[0217] In this step, the description of the above step S56 refers to S36 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0218] S57: placing the solidified integral membrane into a molding device for heating and pressurizing to obtain a molded integral membrane;

[0219] In this step, the description of the above step S57 refers to S37 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0220] S58: placing the formed integral film on an exposure platform for irradiation curing, and peeling off the release film;

[0221] In this step, the description of the above step S58 refers to S38 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0222] S59: Cutting off the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser according to the preset drawing.

[0223] In this step, the description of the above step S59 refers to S39 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0224] S591: placing the cut 3D structure into an injection molding machine for IMD injection molding.

[0225] In this step, the description of the above step S591 refers to S391 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0226] After placing the formed integral film on the exposure platform for baking and curing in step S58, the method further includes:

[0227] 1) According to the preset drawing, the position of the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure is cut off by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting;

[0228] 2) Putting the cut 3D structure into an injection molding machine for IMD injection molding.

[0229] In this step, the redundant parts of the 3D structure can be cut off by CNC lathe, punching or laser according to the preset drawing. The cutting process can be performed or not according to actual needs. For example, when the preset shape can be formed directly, cutting is no longer required. If some structures are more complicated and it is difficult to form the preset shape directly, the redundant parts can be cut off through this cutting process later, and then the release film can be peeled off. At the same time, it can also be decided whether to perform the injection molding process according to the actual situation. If the injection molding process is performed, cutting and injection molding are performed in sequence and then the release film is peeled off.

[0230] In this embodiment, the cut 3D structure is placed in an injection molding machine for IMD injection molding. Injection molding provides a main structure for the 3D structure, further improving the strength, rigidity and stability of the 3D structure, ensuring that the 3D structure can withstand external forces and pressures under various conditions of use, and meeting the functional requirements of the 3D structure in practical applications; on the other hand, the injection molding is firmly combined with the 3D structure, and this combination enables the pattern, color and decorative effect on the 3D structure to be firmly attached to the surface of the product, not easy to fall off or wear, giving the 3D structure a beautiful appearance and unique decorative effect; on the other hand, it gives the 3D structure specific properties, because different types of injection molding have different physical, chemical and mechanical properties. By selecting the appropriate injection molding, specific properties can be given to the product, such as heat resistance, cold resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, flame retardancy, conductivity, etc.

[0231] See also Fig.11 As shown, when the material of the substrate layer is a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material composited with polymethyl methacrylate and polycarbonate, the material of the liquid coating is UV ultraviolet glue, the material of the release film is polyvinyl chloride, and the release surface is matte, it is a sixth embodiment, which includes the following steps:

[0232] S60: providing a substrate layer formed by compounding polycarbonate (PC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).

[0233] In this step, the description of the above step S60 refers to S30 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0234] S61: transferring the texture to the PC surface of the substrate layer through a UV texture mold to obtain a substrate layer with a texture;

[0235] In this step, the description of the above step S61 refers to S31 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0236] S62: using a vacuum coating device to perform coating on the textured surface of the textured substrate layer to obtain a substrate layer having a coating layer;

[0237] In this step, the description of the above step S62 refers to S32 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0238] S63: Coloring the coating layer of the substrate layer having the coating layer with printing ink by screen printing to obtain a color protection layer.

[0239] In this step, the description of the above step S63 refers to S33 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0240] S64: preparing a release film having a matte surface and being stretchable, wherein the material of the release film is polyvinyl chloride (PVC);

[0241] In this step, because the release surface of the release material has a matte texture, after all processes are completed and the release film is torn off, the surface of the cured UV glue will replicate the same matte effect based on the matte texture of the release film.

[0242] S65: UV ultraviolet glue is coated on the PMMA surface of the substrate layer with the color protection layer, and then the smooth surface of the release film is covered on the UV ultraviolet glue, followed by rolling or air pressure lamination to obtain an integral film sheet;

[0243] In this step, the description of the above step S65 refers to S35 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0244] S66: curing the UV ultraviolet glue in the ineffective area of ​​the whole film by UV irradiation;

[0245] In this step, the description of the above step S66 refers to S36 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0246] S67: placing the solidified integral membrane into a molding device for heating and pressurizing to obtain a molded integral membrane;

[0247] In this step, the description of the above step S67 refers to S37 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0248] S68: placing the formed integral film on an exposure platform for UV light curing, and peeling off the release film;

[0249] In this step, the description of the above step S68 refers to S38 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0250] S69: Cutting off the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser according to the preset drawing.

[0251] In this step, the description of the above step S69 refers to S39 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0252] S691: placing the cut 3D structure into an injection molding machine for IMD injection molding.

[0253] In this step, the description of the above step S691 refers to S391 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0254] After placing the formed integral film on an exposure platform for UV light curing in step S68, the method further includes:

[0255] 1) According to the preset drawing, the position of the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure is cut off by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting;

[0256] 2) Putting the cut 3D structure into an injection molding machine for IMD injection molding.

[0257] In this step, the redundant parts of the 3D structure can be cut off by CNC lathe, punching or laser according to the preset drawing. The cutting process can be performed or not according to actual needs. For example, when the preset shape can be formed directly, cutting is no longer required. If some structures are more complicated and it is difficult to form the preset shape directly, the redundant parts can be cut off through this cutting process later, and then the release film can be peeled off. At the same time, it can also be decided whether to perform the injection molding process according to the actual situation. If the injection molding process is performed, cutting and injection molding are performed in sequence and then the release film is peeled off.

[0258] In this embodiment, the cut 3D structure is placed in an injection molding machine for IMD injection molding. Injection molding provides a main structure for the 3D structure, further improving the strength, rigidity and stability of the 3D structure, ensuring that the 3D structure can withstand external forces and pressures under various conditions of use, and meeting the functional requirements of the 3D structure in practical applications; on the other hand, the injection molding is firmly combined with the 3D structure, and this combination enables the pattern, color and decorative effect on the 3D structure to be firmly attached to the surface of the product, not easy to fall off or wear, giving the 3D structure a beautiful appearance and unique decorative effect; on the other hand, it gives the 3D structure specific properties, because different types of injection molding have different physical, chemical and mechanical properties. By selecting the appropriate injection molding, specific properties can be given to the product, such as heat resistance, cold resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, flame retardancy, conductivity, etc.

[0259] A 3D stereoscopic structure is also disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. The 3D stereoscopic structure is made by the manufacturing method of any of the above embodiments. The 3D stereoscopic structure has any one of the effects of high hardness, high wear resistance, antibacterial and skin feel, and the film thickness of the functional layer is uniform.

[0260] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Under the concept of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may also be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other changes in different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a 3D structure, characterized in that: The manufacturing method comprises: Providing a substrate layer, and arranging a decorative layer on the substrate layer to form a substrate decorative film; Providing a release film, coating a layer of liquid coating on one side or both sides of the base decorative film, covering the release surface of the release film on the liquid coating, and rolling or air pressing to form an integral film, wherein the integral film has an effective area and an ineffective area, and the ineffective area is located at the peripheral area of ​​the effective area; Curing the ineffective area so that the liquid coating in the ineffective area is cured and the liquid coating in the effective area remains in liquid state; Putting the solidified whole diaphragm in the invalid area into a first mold, heating, pressurizing and stretching the effective area, and taking out the formed whole diaphragm; The formed integral film is cured, and the release film is peeled off after curing.

2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of providing a release film, coating a layer of liquid coating on one side or both sides of the substrate decorative film, covering the release surface of the release film on the liquid coating, and rolling or air pressing to form an integral film is formed in three steps, including: Provide release film; Applying a layer of liquid coating on one side or both sides of the substrate decorative film by screen printing, blade coating, flow coating, dip coating or roll coating; The release surface of the release film is covered on the side of the liquid coating away from the substrate decorative film, and the film is rolled by a rolling device or placed in a vacuum container for air pressure, the air is exhausted and the liquid coating is evenly distributed between the substrate decorative film and the release film to form the overall film sheet.

3. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of curing the ineffective area so that the liquid coating in the ineffective area is cured and the liquid coating in the effective area remains in liquid state is formed in two steps, including: placing the integral diaphragm into a second mold; The effective area is shielded by a shielding object, and the ineffective area is cured by ultraviolet light irradiation or baking, so that the liquid coating in the ineffective area is cured, and the liquid coating in the effective area remains in liquid state, wherein the ultraviolet light wavelength is 340-400nm, and the irradiation energy is 200mj / cm 2 -20000mj / cm 2 The irradiation time is 1-30 seconds, the baking temperature is 50℃-120℃, and the baking time is 3min-90min.

4. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of placing the whole diaphragm after curing the invalid area into the first mold, heating, pressurizing and stretching the effective area, and taking out the formed whole diaphragm are formed in two steps, including: Putting the whole diaphragm after curing the invalid area into a first mold, heating and baking the effective area, so that the whole diaphragm is softened to a state where it can be stretched and shaped; The desired shape is pressed out by a concave-convex mold or extruded by high-pressure gas, a liquid capsule, a silicone head, etc. to obtain a formed integral diaphragm, and the formed integral diaphragm is taken out.

5. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of curing the formed integral film and peeling off the release film after curing is formed in two steps, and further includes: The formed integral film is cured by ultraviolet light irradiation or baking, wherein the ultraviolet light wavelength is 340-400nm and the irradiation energy is 200mj / cm 2 -20000mj / cm 2 , the baking temperature is 50℃-120℃, and the baking time is 3min-120min; The formed and cured integral film is taken out, and the release film is peeled off.

6. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of arranging a decorative layer on the substrate layer to form a substrate decorative film includes: arranging a decorative layer on the substrate layer by silk screen printing, UV transfer optical texture process, electroplating process, color printing process, four-color color printing process, texture rubbing process, pad printing process, water transfer process, laminating process, and hot stamping process to form a substrate decorative film.

7. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the substrate layer is a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material.

8. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After curing the formed integral film and peeling off the release film after curing, the method further includes cutting off the position of the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting according to a preset drawing.

9. The manufacturing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: After the position of the invalid area of ​​the 3D stereoscopic structure is cut off by a numerically controlled lathe (CNC), punching or laser according to the preset drawing, the cut 3D stereoscopic structure is placed in an injection molding machine for IMD injection molding.

10. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the formed integral diaphragm is solidified, the position of the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure is cut off by CNC lathe, punching or laser according to the preset drawing.

11. The manufacturing method according to claim 10, characterized in that: After the position of the invalid area of ​​the 3D stereoscopic structure is cut off by a numerically controlled lathe (CNC), punching or laser according to the preset drawing, the cut 3D stereoscopic structure is placed in an injection molding machine for IMD injection molding.

12. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The release surface of the release film may be a glossy surface, a matte surface, or a textured surface with structural features.

13. A 3D structure, characterized in that: The 3D structure is manufactured by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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