Electric nozzle based on electromagnet switch

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric nozzle based on an electromagnet switch, which comprises an electric nozzle, the electric nozzle comprises a non-magnetic conductive part and a magnetic conductive part fixedly connected with the non-magnetic conductive part, and the outer surface of the magnetic conductive part is wound with a plurality of alternating current electromagnetic coils; two symmetrically-arranged L-shaped iron pieces are fixedly connected to the magnetic conduction part, an electric actuator is fixedly connected to one L-shaped iron piece, and the electric actuator is movably connected with a nozzle cover through a connecting rod. The nozzle cover is driven by the electric actuator to open and close the electric nozzle. Whether the nozzle cover and the electric nozzle are completely closed or not is judged by detecting the magnitude of current in the alternating-current electromagnetic coil. According to the electric nozzle, the electric nozzle has a feedback function and has a certain adjustment allowance, the nozzle can be automatically opened and closed, and the use convenience of the nozzle capable of being automatically opened and closed can be greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automatic control equipment, and in particular to an electric nozzle based on an electromagnet switch. Background Art

[0002] In ventilation systems, nozzles are often used in air volume test devices and are one of the most important components of nozzle-type air flow test devices. Nozzle-type air flow test devices consist of three parts: variable frequency fan section, air volume metering chamber section, and auxiliary pipelines. The number and size of nozzles are installed in the air volume metering chamber according to design requirements. According to different air volume demand ranges, a combination of nozzles of different sizes is reasonably selected. The nozzles that are needed are opened, and the nozzles that are not used are closed. The air flow is calculated based on the selected nozzle combination.

[0003] Traditional nozzles are generally opened or closed manually, and operators are required to enter the air volume metering chamber to operate. However, due to the small design of the air volume metering chamber entrance and the narrow space in the chamber, it is very inconvenient for personnel to operate. In the process of replacing the nozzle combination, not only the experimental time is wasted, but also there is a safety problem of personnel bumping. In addition to the above manual nozzle replacement method, there is also a common electric nozzle, which solves the problems caused by manual nozzle replacement and consists of a mounting bracket, an electric actuator, a connecting rod and a nozzle cover. However, the electric actuator of the electric nozzle can only control the connecting rod to drive the nozzle cover to rotate a certain angle. After reaching the set angle, the electric actuator stops working and cannot determine whether the nozzle is completely closed. The connecting rod is fixedly connected to the nozzle cover, and the angle between the connecting rod and the nozzle cover cannot be changed. This will cause two results. One is that the nozzle is not tightly closed, resulting in air volume leakage, making the measured air volume inaccurate; the other is that the nozzle is completely sealed and cannot continue to close, but because the electric actuator has not reached the preset angle, the motor will continue to work, causing the motor to burn out or the electric actuator to be damaged. Likewise, in the nozzles with automatic switching functions based on pneumatic cylinders, there is also a lack of suitable feedback function, resulting in problems such as poor sealing of the nozzles. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric nozzle based on an electromagnet switch, with a feedback function and an automatic switch nozzle with a certain adjustment margin, which can greatly improve the convenience of using the automatic switch nozzle. In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other advantages according to the present invention, an electric nozzle based on an electromagnet switch is provided, comprising:

[0005] An electric nozzle, the electric nozzle comprising a non-magnetic conductive part, the non-magnetic conductive part can be made of 316L stainless steel and a magnetic conductive part fixed to the non-magnetic conductive part, the magnetic conductive part can be made of iron, and a plurality of turns of AC electromagnetic coil are wound on the outer surface of the magnetic conductive part;

[0006] Two symmetrically arranged L-shaped iron pieces are fixedly connected to the magnetic conductive part, one of which is fixedly connected to an electric actuator, which is movably connected to the nozzle cover through a connecting rod; the electric actuator includes an adjustable position feedback switch, and when the electric actuator reaches this position, the feedback switch can send a circuit on-off signal

[0007] The nozzle cover opens and closes the electric nozzle under the drive of the electric actuator;

[0008] The AC electromagnetic coil comprises two leads. The magnitude of the current in the AC electromagnetic coil can be obtained by detecting the current on the leads, and the current is used to determine whether the nozzle cover and the electric nozzle (100) are completely closed.

[0009] Preferably, the nozzle cover includes a nozzle cover plate, a sealing cotton is fixedly connected to the end face of the nozzle cover plate close to the magnetic conductive part, a groove is provided on the end face of the nozzle cover plate away from the magnetic conductive part, a thread is provided on the inner wall of the groove, a ring is connected to the thread in the groove, a mounting cover is clamped on the ring, a connecting column with a ball is fixed to the mounting cover, and a spring is placed in the groove.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the connecting rod is a T-shaped structure, and the other end of the connecting rod is provided with a circular hole, and the circular hole is movably connected to a connecting column with a round ball.

[0011] Preferably, a mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the L-shaped iron piece, the mounting bracket is an L-shaped hollow shell structure, and a rectangular notch is provided on the mounting bracket, and the rectangular notch is used to place the T-shaped structure of the connecting rod.

[0012] Preferably, metal blocks are symmetrically fixed to the nozzle cover plate, and the metal blocks correspond to the L-shaped iron pieces one by one.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the nozzle is opened and closed by an electric actuator and a control device, and the nozzle cover is completely sealed by a current sensor in an AC electromagnetic coil. When it is detected that it is not completely sealed, an alarm signal is issued. When the position deviation is too large, the electric actuator can usually perform position feedback adjustment. The spring in the nozzle cover provides a certain amount of elastic activity during the compression of the nozzle cover and the nozzle. With this elastic activity, the adjustment of the actuator position feedback switch has a certain margin. As long as the position feedback point of the actuator is adjusted to a certain range, the cover can be pressed by the control circuit. By adding springs and AC electromagnetic coils, the requirements of the automatic nozzle on the position feedback accuracy of the electric actuator can be reduced, and the electric actuator can be effectively prevented from being damaged due to continuous operation, or the actuator stops working before the cover is pressed, and the current of the AC electromagnetic coil can be used to check whether the nozzle cover is completely sealed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electric nozzle based on an electromagnet switch according to the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a nozzle body of an electric nozzle based on an electromagnet switch according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the mounting bracket of the electric nozzle based on the electromagnet switch and the magnetic conductive part of the nozzle body according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection of the connecting rod and the nozzle cover of the electric nozzle based on the electromagnet switch according to the present invention at different angles;

[0018] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the connection between the rod, electric actuator and mounting bracket of the electric nozzle based on the electromagnet switch according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a nozzle cover of an electric nozzle based on an electromagnet switch according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 A curve diagram showing the relationship between the AC electromagnetic coil current and the nozzle cover plate gap of the electric nozzle based on the electromagnetic switch according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 8 The figure is an electrical control circuit diagram of an electric nozzle based on an electromagnet switch according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Reference Figure 1-8 , an electric nozzle based on an electromagnet switch, comprising: an electric nozzle 100, the electric nozzle 100 comprising a non-magnetic conductive portion and a magnetic conductive portion 12 fixedly connected to the non-magnetic conductive portion 11, and a plurality of turns of an AC electromagnetic coil 20 are wound on the outer surface of the magnetic conductive portion 12;

[0024] Two symmetrically arranged L-shaped iron pieces are fixedly connected to the magnetic conductive part 12, and an electric actuator 40 is fixedly connected to one of the L-shaped iron pieces, and the electric actuator 40 is movably connected to the nozzle cover 60 via a connecting rod 50;

[0025] The nozzle cover 60 opens and closes the electric nozzle 100 under the drive of the electric actuator 40;

[0026] By detecting the current in the AC electromagnetic coil 20, it is determined whether the nozzle cover 60 is completely closed with the electric nozzle 100. The electric nozzle 100 opens and closes the nozzle cover 60 through the electric actuator 40. When the electric actuator 40 rotates the nozzle cover 60 to a position close to the electric nozzle 100, the AC electromagnetic coil 20 is powered on, the AC electromagnet generates magnetism, the L-shaped iron piece generates magnetism, and the nozzle cover 60 is adsorbed at the mouth of the electric nozzle 100. The sealing of the nozzle cover 60 and the electric nozzle 100 is ensured by the pressing force of the electric actuator 40 and the magnetic adsorption force of the AC electromagnetic coil 20, so as to achieve the effect of closing the electric nozzle 100.

[0027] When the nozzle cover 60 and the electric nozzle 100 are not completely sealed, the magnetic resistance of the magnetic path formed by the AC electromagnetic coil 20 increases, which will cause the current in the AC electromagnetic coil 20 to increase. This electric nozzle based on the electromagnet switch feeds back to the external controller according to the current passing through the AC electromagnetic coil to determine whether the electric nozzle 100 is in a completely closed state.

[0028] The current in the AC electromagnetic coil 20 is related to the size of the electric nozzle 100, the nozzle magnetic resistance, and the nozzle cover 60 magnetic resistance. Test calibration is required, and the calibration method is detailed in the embodiment. If the current size of the AC electromagnetic coil 20 is the current size required when the electric nozzle 100 is fully closed, the electric nozzle 100 is fully closed; if the current size passing through the AC electromagnetic coil 20 is greater than the current size required when the electric nozzle 100 is fully closed, the electric nozzle 100 is in an incompletely closed state. Through this feedback system of the current size in the AC electromagnetic coil 20, accurate perception of the closing of the electric nozzle 100 is achieved. This innovation not only improves the efficiency of experimental operation, but also improves the reliability of the large control of the electric nozzle 100.

[0029] The AC electromagnetic coil 20 is equipped with a current sensor 21. The current of the current sensor 21 is used to feedback whether the nozzle cover 60 is well sealed. The relationship between the current in the AC electromagnetic coil 20 and the gap distance between the nozzle cover 60 and the electric nozzle 100 is shown in the attached Figure 7 .

[0030] Furthermore, the nozzle cover 60 includes a nozzle cover plate 61, a sealing cotton 65 is fixedly connected to the end face of the nozzle cover plate 61 close to the magnetic conductive part 12, a groove 51 is provided on the end face of the nozzle cover plate 61 away from the magnetic conductive part 12, a thread is provided on the inner wall of the groove 51, a ring 63 is connected to the inner thread of the groove 51, a mounting cover 62 is clamped on the ring 63, a connecting column with a ball is fixedly connected to the mounting cover 62, and a spring 64 is placed in the groove 51. Metal blocks are symmetrically fixed to the nozzle cover plate 61, and the metal blocks correspond to the L-shaped iron parts one by one. In the process of contact between the nozzle cover 60 and the electric nozzle 100, the spring 64 provides a certain amount of compressibility, and the cover plate can be pressed by the control circuit as long as the position feedback point of the actuator is adjusted to a certain range. By adding a spring and an AC electromagnetic coil, the requirements of the automatic nozzle for the position feedback accuracy of the electric actuator 40 can be reduced, which can effectively prevent the electric actuator 40 from being damaged due to continuous operation, or the actuator 40 from stopping working before the cover plate is pressed tightly, thereby failing to completely close the nozzle. The current of the AC electromagnetic coil can also be used to check whether the nozzle cover plate is completely sealed.

[0031] Furthermore, one end of the connecting rod 50 is a T-shaped structure, and the other end of the connecting rod 50 is provided with a round hole, which is movably connected to the connecting column with a round ball. The connecting rod 50 and the nozzle cover 60 are connected by a movable universal joint, so that the nozzle cover 60 and the electric nozzle 100 are better sealed and there is an adjustment margin. Before use, the angle of the nozzle cover 60 is adjusted so that it can completely match the outlet plane of the electric nozzle 100 when closed. After adjustment, the adjusting screw 52 is tightened so that the angle between the nozzle cover 60 and the connecting rod 50 does not change.

[0032] Furthermore, a mounting bracket 30 is fixedly connected to the L-shaped iron piece, and the mounting bracket 30 is an L-shaped hollow shell structure, and a rectangular notch is provided on the mounting bracket 30, and the rectangular notch is used to place the T-shaped structure of the connecting rod 50. The mounting bracket 30 is provided with a plurality of screw holes 32, and the positions of the screw holes 32 match the mounting screw holes of the electric actuator 40, and the electric actuator 40 is fixed by screws. The mounting bracket 30 is made of a non-magnetic material such as 316L stainless steel.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] The number of turns of the AC electromagnetic coil 20 is between 4500 and 5500, and the throat diameter of the nozzle body is 50 mm.

[0035] The electric actuator 40 provides 3 control lines and 3 position feedback lines. The 3 control lines include a forward control line, a reverse control line and a neutral line. The 3 position feedback lines include a forward position line, a reverse position line and a position feedback neutral line.

[0036] When there is a 24V voltage on the forward control line, the electric actuator 40 rotates forward, and when it rotates to the position, the forward control line is connected to the position feedback neutral line.

[0037] When there is a 24V voltage on the reverse control line, the electric actuator 40 reverses, and when it rotates to the position, the reverse position line is connected with the position feedback neutral line.

[0038] The position feedback function of the electric actuator 40 can be used for angle adjustment, that is, position feedback is performed when the actuator is rotated by 90°, or position feedback is performed when the actuator is rotated by 88°. The adjustment range is about 5°.

[0039] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the electric nozzle 100 is used to be installed in an air volume metering air chamber, and the air volume is calculated according to the automatic nozzle size and the nozzle pressure difference.

[0040] The electric nozzle 100 includes a nozzle body 10 , a coil 20 , a mounting bracket 30 , an electric actuator 40 , a connecting rod 50 , and a nozzle cover 60 .

[0041] The nozzle body 10 consists of a non-magnetic portion 11 and a magnetic portion 12. The non-magnetic portion 11 is a circular channel that tapers in an arc shape, and the magnetic portion 12 is a circular channel of equal diameter with the same diameter as the tapered end. The non-magnetic portion 11 and the magnetic portion 12 are connected by a screw hole 13, and two iron blocks are evenly distributed around the outer wall of the magnetic portion 12 and fixed at the same end, one of which is used to fix the mounting bracket 30.

[0042] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the mounting bracket and the magnetic conductive part of the nozzle body in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4Schematic diagram of connecting the connecting rod and the nozzle cover plate at different angles in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the connecting rod, the electric actuator and the mounting bracket in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the mounting bracket 30 is made of non-magnetic material, with right angles at both ends, a rectangular notch 31 at one end, and four screw holes 32 on the side of the end, the screw holes 32 are used to fix the electric actuator 40, and two screw holes 32 on both sides of the other end match the screw holes 13 on an iron block on the magnetic portion 12, and are used to connect the magnetic portion 12 and the mounting bracket 30.

[0044] The electric actuator 40 is installed on the mounting portion 30, and the connecting rod 50 is T-shaped. One end of the T-head is driven to rotate by the electric actuator 40, and the other end of the T-head is fixed through the rectangular notch 31 on the mounting portion 30. There is a semicircular groove 51 at the tail of the connecting rod, which is movably connected to the two-thirds sphere of the ring 63 of the nozzle cover 60.

[0045] like Figure 6 As shown, the nozzle cover 60 is made of an iron-silicon alloy plate with good magnetic conductivity, and is cylindrical in shape as a whole, with two protrusions on both sides symmetrically around the periphery, and is tightly adsorbed with the L-shaped iron piece on the magnetic conductive part 12 when the electric nozzle 100 is closed. The nozzle cover 60 consists of three parts and a spring 64; the nozzle cover plate 61 is a circular plate with a sealing cotton 65 attached to the bottom, a groove for installing the spring 64 on the upper side and a certain thickness, and a thread on the inner wall of the groove; the upper side of the mounting cover 62 has a two-thirds sphere and a cylinder of a fixed length that are movably connected to the connecting rod 50, and the lower side is a large thin circular plate stuck in the ring 63, which is connected to the inner thread of the groove of the nozzle cover plate 61 by the ring 63, and the sealing cotton 65 prevents air leakage.

[0046] like Figure 7 As shown, the ordinate is the current passing through the AC electromagnetic coil 20, and the abscissa is the gap of the nozzle cover 60. The gap of the nozzle cover 60 increases with the increase of the current in the AC electromagnetic coil 20. The relationship between the two is only applicable to AC current. This relationship does not exist for DC current, and this relationship is related to the number of turns of the AC electromagnetic coil, the diameter of the AC electromagnetic coil and the magnetic conductive material. The specific relationship needs to be measured through experiments. Figure 7 The data are measured under specific experimental conditions.

[0047] The thickness of the sealing cotton in this embodiment is 0.6 mm. When the AC electromagnetic coil 20 is powered on and the nozzle cover 60 is closed, if the current in the AC electromagnetic coil 20 is not greater than 90 mA, it means that the electric nozzle 100 is completely closed. If the current in the AC electromagnetic coil 20 is greater than 90 mA, it means that the nozzle cover 60 is not completely sealed for some reason.

[0048] Figure 8 This is the electrical schematic diagram of the programmable logic controller for controlling the nozzle switch in the embodiment. This solution can be used to control the switch of the automatic nozzle.

[0049] According to the electric nozzle 100 based on the electromagnet switch provided in this embodiment, when the electric nozzle 100 is turned on: the 24V voltage is connected to the forward line and the neutral line of the electric actuator 40, and the power of the AC electromagnetic coil 20 is disconnected. The electric actuator 40 is forward-transmitted, and after detecting the forward transmission in place signal of the position feedback, the voltage on the forward line and the neutral line is disconnected, and the electric actuator 40 stops working.

[0050] When the electric nozzle 100 is turned off: the 24V voltage is connected to the reversing line and the neutral line of the electric actuator 40, and the power of the AC electromagnetic coil 20 is turned on. The electric actuator 40 reverses, and after detecting the position feedback reverse transmission in place signal, the voltage on the reversing line and the neutral line is disconnected, and the electric actuator 40 stops working.

[0051] If the nozzle cover 60 has not been rotated to be fully closed due to the position deviation, the magnetic attraction of the AC electromagnetic coil 20 can attract the nozzle cover 60 and stretch the spring 64. The current of the AC electromagnetic coil 20 is used to check whether the cover is fully closed. If the current of the AC electromagnetic coil 20 is not greater than 90mA, the electric nozzle 100 is in a fully closed state; if the current of the AC electromagnetic coil 20 is greater than 90mA, the electric nozzle 100 is not fully closed and an alarm signal is issued.

[0052] If the voltage on the reversal line and the neutral line is not disconnected before the position feedback is detected and the electric actuator 40 does not stop working, the position deviation causes the nozzle cover 60 to be closed with the electric nozzle 100, and the electric actuator 40 continues to rotate, then the spring 64 is compressed at this time, so that the seal between the nozzle cover 60 and the electric nozzle 100 is tighter, and the current passing through the AC coil 20 is not more than 90mA.

[0053] If the position deviation is too large at this time, the electric actuator 40 performs position feedback adjustment until the electric nozzle 100 is adjusted to be in a fully closed state.

[0054] According to the electric nozzle 100 based on the electromagnet switch provided in this embodiment, the design of the AC electromagnetic coil 20 can, on the one hand, avoid the situation where the electric actuator 40 has stopped but the electric nozzle 100 has not rotated to be completely sealed due to position deviation. At this time, the magnetic attraction of the electromagnetic coil 20 can attract the nozzle cover 60 and stretch the spring 64, and the adsorption of the AC coil 20 when there is no position deviation makes the electric nozzle 100 more sealed. On the other hand, the current of the AC electromagnetic coil 20 can be used to detect whether the nozzle cover 60 is completely sealed.

[0055] The design of the spring 64 in the nozzle cover 60 provides a certain amount of compression when the nozzle cover 60 is compressed with the electric nozzle 100, thereby effectively preventing the electric actuator 40 from being damaged due to continuous operation without reaching the set angle.

[0056] In general, the design of the AC electromagnetic coil 20 and the design of the spring 64 inside the nozzle cover 60 can reduce the requirements of the electric nozzle 100 for the position feedback accuracy of the electric actuator 40, and can check whether the nozzle cover 60 is completely closed through the current of the AC electromagnetic coil 20, which makes the control of the opening and closing state of the electric nozzle 100 more precise.

[0057] The number of devices and processing scales described here are used to simplify the description of the present invention, and the application, modification and variation of the present invention will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

[0058] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and implementation modes. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. An electric nozzle based on an electromagnet switch, characterized in that: include: An electric nozzle (100), the electric nozzle (100) comprising a non-magnetic conductive portion and a magnetic conductive portion (12) fixedly connected to the non-magnetic conductive portion (11), wherein a plurality of turns of an AC electromagnetic coil (20) are wound around the outer surface of the magnetic conductive portion (12); Two symmetrically arranged L-shaped iron pieces are fixedly connected to the magnetic conductive part (12), one of the L-shaped iron pieces is fixedly connected to an electric actuator (40), the electric actuator (40) is movably connected to a nozzle cover (60) via a connecting rod (50), and the electric actuator (40) includes an adjustable position feedback switch, and when the electric actuator reaches this position, the feedback switch can send a circuit on / off signal The nozzle cover (60) opens and closes the electric nozzle (100) under the drive of the electric actuator (40); The AC electromagnetic coil comprises two leads. The magnitude of the current in the AC electromagnetic coil (20) can be obtained by detecting the current on the leads. The current is used to determine whether the nozzle cover (60) and the electric nozzle (100) are completely closed.

2. An electric nozzle based on an electromagnet switch as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle cover (60) comprises a nozzle cover plate (61), a sealing cotton (65) is fixedly connected to the end surface of the nozzle cover plate (61) close to the magnetic conductive part (12), a groove (51) is provided on the end surface of the nozzle cover plate (61) away from the magnetic conductive part (12), a thread is provided on the inner wall of the groove (51), a ring (63) is connected to the inner thread of the groove (51), a mounting cover (62) is clamped on the ring (63), a connecting column with a ball is fixedly connected to the mounting cover (62), and a spring (64) is placed in the groove (51).

3. An electric nozzle based on an electromagnet switch as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the connecting rod (50) is a T-shaped structure, and the other end of the connecting rod (50) is provided with a round hole, and the round hole is movably connected to a connecting column with a round ball.

4. An electric nozzle based on an electromagnet switch as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A mounting bracket (30) is fixedly connected to the L-shaped iron piece. The mounting bracket (30) is an L-shaped hollow shell structure, and a rectangular notch is provided on the mounting bracket (30). The rectangular notch is used to place the T-shaped structure of the connecting rod (50).

5. The electric nozzle based on the electromagnet switch as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: Metal blocks are symmetrically fixed to the nozzle cover plate (61), and the metal blocks correspond to the L-shaped iron pieces one by one.

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