Drought-resistant afforestation method for sand land in growth season of pyrus betulaefolia light matrix container seedling culture and application

Abstract

The invention provides a sand drought-resistant afforestation method for pyrus betulaefolia light-substrate container seedling growing season and application of the sand drought-resistant afforestation method. Belongs to the technical field of drought-resistant afforestation. In the drought-resistant afforestation process, afforestation is conducted on pyrus betulaefolia in the growing season through light-substrate long and thin cup seedlings, the ratio of the diameter to the height of a seedling raising container is (4-6): (13-20), light-substrate seedling raising is conducted through the container with the proportion, the guiding effect on root systems of the seedlings is achieved, the root systems are promoted to downwards grow and extend, meanwhile, the root systems can severely grasp the substrate, and the survival rate of the seedlings is increased. Root clusters are formed, and lateral root damage is reduced; the seedlings are directly transplanted without being separated from the containers in the transplanting process, damage to root systems is avoided, meanwhile, the seedlings with the matrix clusters and the containers have good water-retaining property, and by combining with the afforestation method, the afforestation survival rate is remarkably increased, the main roots are long after afforestation is conducted for one year, and the afforestation quality is remarkably improved. The invention further provides application of the drought-resistant afforestation method in sand land transformation and drought-resistant afforestation, and technical support is provided for sand land drought-resistant afforestation transformation in China.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drought-resistant afforestation, and more particularly to a drought-resistant afforestation method for sandy land in the growing season of Pyrus betulaeformis seedlings in a light-substrate container and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As we all know, arid sandy areas have little precipitation, large soil particles, and poor water retention capacity. Rainfall is very easy to infiltrate and lose, resulting in soil moisture deficit and dry and barren soil. Soil moisture deficit is the main factor restricting the growth of young forests, often leading to low afforestation survival rate, slow tree growth, reduced natural regeneration capacity of forest stands, and low benefits of economic forests.

[0003] According to the information, the sand afforestation technologies promoted in various places in recent years, such as the large fish scale pit sand afforestation technology and the sand afforestation film covering technology, are all simple repairs of the sand to facilitate the interception or retention of rainfall, but the operation is complicated and the afforestation effect is not obvious. In addition, in the selection of seedlings, two-year-old seedlings are usually selected. Due to unreasonable operation during transplantation, the roots are usually damaged, the seedling growth period is too long, and based on the severe drought and water shortage environment, the water demand of seedlings cannot be met. The seedlings will die due to rapid water loss. Even if the seedlings can survive in the early stage, the sand is extremely barren, and there is no timely nutrition supplement during the growth period of the young trees, resulting in poor growth and low preservation rate.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a sandy land afforestation method that improves the survival rate and preservation rate is a technical problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for drought-resistant afforestation in sandy land during the growing season of Pyrus betulaeformis in a light-substrate container for seedling cultivation and its application. Seedlings are placed in a light-substrate slender cup container for cultivating upright roots, and healthy seedlings of the current year are selected as afforestation seedlings. The method can promote the downward growth of roots in the seedling stage, promote the elongation of the main root, and at the same time, the lateral roots grow by grasping the substrate to form a root ball entwined by the main root and the lateral roots. The seedlings are directly transplanted without being removed from the cup during the transplanting process. In combination with the afforestation method, the afforestation survival rate, the main root length and the preservation rate one year after planting are significantly improved.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] The method for drought-resistant afforestation of Pyrus betulaeformis seedlings in light substrate containers during the growing season on sandy land comprises the following steps:

[0008] (1) Land preparation for afforestation: remove weeds, level the land and dig horizontal ditches one year before afforestation;

[0009] (2) Seedling cultivation: Place the seeds of the seedlings in a light substrate elongated cup container for cultivation, and select seedlings with strong taproots, current year growth, and robust seedlings for later use;

[0010] (3) Afforestation: Afforestation is carried out from September to May of the following year. If water conservancy conditions permit, the afforestation land should be irrigated with water 3-4 days before afforestation; if water conservancy conditions do not permit, the light substrate container seedlings should be slowly soaked in water 1-2 days before afforestation; when planting, a planting pit is dug, straw powder, nutrient soil and 0.5% ammonium sulfate solution are filled into the planting pit, water is added, and the mixture is stirred evenly until it becomes a slurry. The pre-treated seedlings with containers are inserted into the slurry, covered with soil, compacted, and irrigated, and afforestation is completed;

[0011] (4) Post-afforestation management.

[0012] Preferably, the horizontal groove in step (1) has a depth of 20-30 cm and a width of 30-40 cm.

[0013] Preferably, in step (2), the ratio of the diameter to the height of the elongated cup container is 4-6:13-20; and the light matrix comprises peat, perlite, vermiculite, low-salt coconut bran and carbonized rice husk in a weight ratio of 1-2:1-2:2-3:2-4:3-6.

[0014] Preferably, the seedlings in step (2) are soaked in water one day before afforestation.

[0015] Preferably, the planting pit in step (3) has a diameter of 20-30 cm and a depth of 30-40 cm according to the growth requirements of different plants; the filling amount of the straw powder is 3-4 cm; the filling amount of the nutrient soil is 10-12 cm; and the addition amount of ammonium sulfate is 3-5% of the total weight of the nutrient soil.

[0016] Preferably, the nutrient soil in step (3) comprises pine needles, carbonized agricultural and forestry waste, fermented feces and a water retaining agent in a weight ratio of 1-2:5-6:1-2:0.5-1.

[0017] Preferably, the seedlings in step (3) are planted at a row spacing of 0.75-1.5 m×2-4 m.

[0018] Preferably, the post-afforestation management in step (4) is as follows: timely supporting seedlings, adding soil, covering, watering, and pruning; and simultaneously carrying out disease and insect pest protection.

[0019] Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of the above-mentioned method for drought-resistant afforestation in sandy land during the growing season of Pyrus betulaeformis seedlings in light substrate containers, wherein the application is any one of the following:

[0020] A: Application in sandy land reconstruction;

[0021] B: Application in drought-resistant afforestation.

[0022] It can be seen from the above technical solution that compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] In the process of drought-resistant afforestation, the present invention selects light-substrate slender cup seedlings for afforestation in the growing season, the ratio of the diameter to the height of the seedling raising container is 4-6:13-20, and the light-substrate seedling raising is carried out using the container with the above ratio, which has a guiding effect on the root system of the seedlings, promotes the root system to grow and elongate downward, and reduces the lateral roots; during the transplanting process, the container does not need to be removed for direct transplanting, thereby avoiding damage to the root system; at the same time, the seedlings with the substrate mass and the container have good water retention, which, combined with the afforestation method of the present invention, significantly improves the afforestation survival rate and preservation rate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] The method for drought-resistant afforestation of Pyrus betulaeformis seedlings in light substrate containers during the growing season on sandy land comprises the following steps:

[0027] (1) Land preparation for afforestation: remove weeds, level the land one year before afforestation, and dig horizontal trenches with a depth of 30 cm and a width of 30 cm;

[0028] (2) Cultivation of seedlings: Pyrus betulus seeds were placed in a slender cup container with a diameter of 5 cm and a height of 15 cm, and a light matrix prepared by mixing peat, perlite, vermiculite, low-salt coconut bran and carbonized rice husk in a weight ratio of 1:1:2:2:3 was added to cultivate Pyrus betulus; seedlings of the current year with strong seedlings were selected, and the seedlings were not removed from the cup, and were directly irrigated with water one day before afforestation and set aside;

[0029] (3) Afforestation: Afforestation is carried out from September to May of the following year. Three days before afforestation, the afforestation land is irrigated with sufficient water. When planting, a planting pit with a diameter of 30 cm and a depth of 30 cm is dug according to a row spacing of 0.75-1.5 m×2-4 m. Straw powder, nutrient soil and a 0.5% ammonium sulfate solution are filled into the planting pit. The filling amount of straw powder is 3 cm; the filling amount of nutrient soil is 10 cm; the amount of ammonium sulfate added is 5% of the total weight of the nutrient soil. Water is added and stirred evenly until it becomes a slurry. The pre-treated seedling belt container is inserted into the slurry, covered with soil, compacted, irrigated, and afforestation is completed. The nutrient soil includes pine needles, carbonized agricultural and forestry waste, fermented feces and water retaining agent in a weight ratio of 1:5:1:0.5;

[0030] (4) Post-afforestation management: timely support seedlings, add soil, cover and water; at the same time, carry out disease and insect pest prevention.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] The method for drought-resistant afforestation of Pyrus betulaeformis seedlings in light substrate containers during the growing season on sandy land comprises the following steps:

[0033] (1) Land preparation for afforestation: remove weeds, level the land one year before afforestation, and dig horizontal trenches with a depth of 30 cm and a width of 35 cm;

[0034] (2) Cultivation of seedlings: Pyrus betulus seeds were placed in a slender cup container with a diameter of 5 cm and a height of 15 cm, and a light matrix prepared by mixing peat, perlite, vermiculite, low-salt coconut bran and carbonized rice husk in a weight ratio of 2:2:3:4:6 was added to cultivate Pyrus betulus; seedlings of the current year with strong seedlings were selected, and the seedlings were not removed from the cup, and were directly irrigated with sufficient water one day before afforestation and set aside;

[0035] (3) Afforestation: Afforestation is carried out from September to May of the following year. Four days before afforestation, the afforestation land is irrigated with sufficient water. When planting, a planting pit with a diameter of 20 cm and a depth of 30 cm is dug according to a row spacing of 0.75-1.5 m×2-4 m. Straw powder, nutrient soil and a 0.5% ammonium sulfate solution are filled into the planting pit. The filling amount of straw powder is 4 cm; the filling amount of nutrient soil is 12 cm; the amount of ammonium sulfate added is 4% of the total weight of the nutrient soil filled; water is added and stirred evenly until it becomes a muddy state, and the pre-treated seedling belt container is inserted into the mud, covered with soil, compacted, irrigated, and afforestation is completed; the nutrient soil includes pine needles, carbonized agricultural and forestry waste, fermented feces and water retaining agent in a weight ratio of 2:6:2:1;

[0036] (4) Post-afforestation management: timely support seedlings, add soil, cover, water, and prune; at the same time, carry out disease and pest prevention.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] The method for drought-resistant afforestation of Pyrus betulaeformis seedlings in light substrate containers during the growing season on sandy land comprises the following steps:

[0039] (1) Land preparation for afforestation: remove weeds, level the land one year before afforestation, and dig horizontal trenches with a depth of 20 cm and a width of 30 cm;

[0040] (2) Cultivation of seedlings: Pyrus betulus seeds were placed in a slender cup container with a diameter of 5.5 cm and a height of 20 cm, and a light matrix prepared by mixing peat, perlite, vermiculite, low-salt coconut bran and carbonized rice husk in a weight ratio of 1:2:2:4:5 was added to cultivate Pyrus betulus; seedlings of the current year with strong seedlings were selected, and the seedlings were not removed from the cup, and were directly irrigated with water one day before afforestation and set aside;

[0041] (3) Afforestation: Afforestation is carried out from September to May of the following year. Four days before afforestation, the afforestation land is irrigated with sufficient water. When planting, a planting pit with a diameter of 30 cm and a depth of 40 cm is dug according to a row spacing of 0.75-1.5 m×2-4 m. Straw powder, nutrient soil and a 0.5% ammonium sulfate solution are filled into the planting pit. The filling amount of straw powder is 4 cm; the filling amount of nutrient soil is 11 cm; the amount of ammonium sulfate added is 3% of the total weight of the nutrient soil filled; water is added and stirred evenly until it becomes a muddy state, and the pre-treated seedling belt container is inserted into the mud, covered with soil, compacted, irrigated, and afforestation is completed; the nutrient soil includes pine needles, carbonized agricultural and forestry waste, fermented feces and water retaining agent in a weight ratio of 1:5:2:1;

[0042] (4) Post-afforestation management: timely support seedlings, add soil, cover, water, and prune; at the same time, carry out disease and pest prevention.

[0043] Comparative Example 1

[0044] The method for drought-resistant afforestation of Pyrus betulaeformis seedlings in light substrate containers during the growing season on sandy land comprises the following steps:

[0045] (1) Same as Example 1;

[0046] (2) Seedling cultivation: Pyrus betulaeformis seeds were placed in a container with a diameter of 5 cm and a height of 8 cm, and a light matrix prepared by mixing peat, perlite, vermiculite, low-salt coconut bran and carbonized rice husk in a weight ratio of 1:1:2:2:3 was added to cultivate the seedlings; the seedlings of the current year with strong seedlings were selected, and the seedlings were fully watered one day before afforestation and kept aside;

[0047] (3) Same as Example 1;

[0048] (4) Same as Example 1.

[0049] Comparative Example 2

[0050] The method for drought-resistant afforestation of Pyrus betulaeformis seedlings in light substrate containers during the growing season on sandy land comprises the following steps:

[0051] (1) Same as Example 1;

[0052] (2) Seedling cultivation: Plant the seeds of Pyrus betulaeformis in a nursery field to cultivate the seedlings; select the bare-root seedlings of the current year with strong seedlings, irrigate them with water directly one day before afforestation, and set them aside;

[0053] (3) Afforestation: Afforestation is carried out from September to May of the following year. Three days before afforestation, the afforestation land is irrigated with sufficient water. When planting, a planting pit with a diameter of 30 cm and a depth of 30 cm is dug according to a row spacing of 0.75-1.5 m×2-4 m. Straw powder, nutrient soil and a 0.5% ammonium sulfate solution are filled into the planting pit. The filling amount of straw powder is 3 cm; the filling amount of nutrient soil is 10 cm; the amount of ammonium sulfate added is 5% of the total weight of the nutrient soil filled; water is added and stirred evenly until it becomes a muddy state, and the seedlings with bare roots are inserted into the mud, covered with soil, compacted, and irrigated, and the afforestation is completed; the nutrient soil includes pine needles, carbonized agricultural and forestry waste, fermented feces and water retaining agent in a weight ratio of 1:5:1:0.5;

[0054] (4) Same as Example 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 3

[0056] The method for drought-resistant afforestation of Pyrus betulaeformis seedlings in light substrate containers during the growing season on sandy land comprises the following steps:

[0057] (1) Same as Example 1;

[0058] (2) Same as Example 1;

[0059] (3) Afforestation: Afforestation is carried out from September to May of the following year. Three days before afforestation, the afforestation land should be irrigated with sufficient water. When planting, a planting pit with a diameter of 30 cm and a depth of 30 cm is dug according to the row spacing of 0.75-1.5 m × 2-4 m. The pre-treated seedlings with containers are inserted into the planting pits, covered with soil, compacted, and irrigated. Afforestation is completed;

[0060] (4) Same as Example 1.

[0061] Comparative Example 4

[0062] The method for drought-resistant afforestation of Pyrus betulaeformis seedlings in light substrate containers during the growing season on sandy land comprises the following steps:

[0063] (1) Same as Example 1;

[0064] (2) Same as Example 1;

[0065] (3) Afforestation: Afforestation is carried out from September to May of the following year. Three days before afforestation, the afforestation land is irrigated with sufficient water. When planting, a planting pit with a diameter of 30 cm and a depth of 30 cm is dug according to the row spacing of 0.75-1.5 m × 2-4 m. The pre-treated seedlings are placed in the container and covered with nutrient soil. After compaction and irrigation, afforestation is completed. The nutrient soil includes pine needles, carbonized agricultural and forestry waste, fermented feces and water retaining agent in a weight ratio of 1:5:1:0.5;

[0066] (4) Same as Example 1.

[0067] Comparative Example 5

[0068] The method for drought-resistant afforestation of Pyrus betulaeformis seedlings in light substrate containers during the growing season on sandy land comprises the following steps:

[0069] (1) Same as Example 1;

[0070] (2) Seedling cultivation: Place seeds of Pyrus betulaeformis in a slender cup container with a diameter of 5 cm and a height of 15 cm and add regular soil to cultivate the seedlings; select seedlings grown in the current year with strong seedlings, do not remove from the cup, and directly irrigate with sufficient water one day before afforestation for use;

[0071] (3) Same as Example 1;

[0072] (4) Same as Example 1.

[0073] The survival rate of the seedlings in the year of planting, the preservation rate of the seedlings one year after planting, and the taproot length one year after afforestation of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were measured, and the experimental results are shown in Table 1:

[0074] Table 1 Planting effects of different embodiments and comparative examples

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0078] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for drought-resistant afforestation in sandy land during the growing season of Pyrus betulaeformis seedling raising in light substrate containers, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Land preparation for afforestation: remove weeds, level the land and dig horizontal ditches one year before afforestation; (2) Seedling cultivation: Place the seeds of the seedlings in a light substrate elongated cup container for cultivation, and select seedlings with strong taproots, current year growth, and robust seedlings for later use; (3) Afforestation: Afforestation is carried out from September to May of the following year. If water conservancy conditions permit, the afforestation land should be irrigated with water 3-4 days before afforestation; if water conservancy conditions do not permit, the light substrate container seedlings should be slowly soaked in water 1-2 days before afforestation; when planting, a planting pit is dug, straw powder, nutrient soil and 0.5% ammonium sulfate solution are filled into the planting pit, water is added, and the mixture is stirred evenly until it becomes a slurry. The pre-treated seedlings with containers are inserted into the slurry, covered with soil, compacted, and irrigated, and afforestation is completed; (4) Post-afforestation management.

2. The method for drought-resistant afforestation in sandy land of Pyrus betulaeformis light substrate container seedling raising in growing season according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal groove of step (1) has a depth of 20-30 cm and a width of 30-40 cm.

3. The method for drought-resistant afforestation in sandy land of Pyrus betulaeformis light matrix container seedling raising in growing season according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the ratio of the diameter to the height of the elongated cup container is 4-6:13-20; the light matrix comprises peat, perlite, vermiculite, low-salt coconut bran and carbonized rice husk in a weight ratio of 1-2:1-2:2-3:2-4:3-6.

4. The method for drought-resistant afforestation in sandy land of Pyrus betulaeformis light substrate container seedling raising in growing season according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seedlings in step (2) are soaked in water one day before afforestation.

5. The method for drought-resistant afforestation in sandy land of Pyrus betulaeformis light substrate container seedling raising in growing season according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), the planting pit has a diameter of 20-30 cm and a depth of 30-40 cm according to the growth requirements of different plants; the filling amount of the straw powder is 3-4 cm; the filling amount of the nutrient soil is 10-12 cm; and the addition amount of ammonium sulfate is 3-5% of the total weight of the nutrient soil.

6. The method for drought-resistant afforestation in sandy land of Pyrus betulaeformis light substrate container seedling raising in growing season according to claim 5, characterized in that, The nutrient soil in step (3) comprises pine needles, carbonized agricultural and forestry waste, fermented feces and a water retaining agent in a weight ratio of 1-2:5-6:1-2:0.5-1.

7. The method for drought-resistant afforestation in sandy land in the growing season of Pyrus betulaeformis light substrate container seedling raising according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seedlings described in step (3) are planted at a row spacing of 0.75-1.5m×2-4m.

8. The method for drought-resistant afforestation in sandy land in the growing season of Pyrus betulaeformis light substrate container seedling raising according to claim 1, characterized in that, The post-afforestation management in step (4) is as follows: timely support of seedlings, soiling, mulching, watering, and pruning; and pest and disease prevention.

9. The application of the method for drought-resistant afforestation in sandy land in the growing season of Pyrus betulaeformis seedling raising in light substrate container according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The application is any of the following: A: Application in sandy land reconstruction; B: Application in drought-resistant afforestation.

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