Application of D-sodium gluconate in prevention and treatment of vegetable aphids and green prevention and treatment method

Abstract

The invention provides application of D-sodium gluconate in prevention and treatment of vegetable aphids and a green prevention and treatment method of the vegetable aphids, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural pest prevention and treatment. According to the method, a D-sodium gluconate solution with the concentration of 400 [mu] M or 1000 [mu] M is sprayed for green control of vegetable aphids. The method does not cause pollution and damage to the environment, aphids can be prevented and controlled to a certain extent, and economic losses are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural pest control, in particular to application of sodium D-gluconate in controlling vegetable aphids and a green control method for vegetable aphids. Background Art

[0002] Cotton aphids are a general term for the superfamily Aphidoidea of ​​the order Hemiptera. They are a type of herbivorous insects. They mainly live in vegetable seedlings, tender leaves, stems and the back of leaves near the ground as adults and nymphs. They use their mouth needles to penetrate plant tissues to absorb phloem sap and spread viruses at the same time. They are one of the plant pests that seriously harm plant production. Because they effectively spread many destructive viral pathogens, they cause extensive damage to crop production. More than 40% of plant viruses rely on aphids to spread and infect plants. At present, the main control measures for aphids are spraying pesticides. The use of pesticides has caused considerable harm to the soil and plants, and aphids have also developed varying degrees of drug resistance. Therefore, protecting the environment while resisting pests has become the key to current research.

[0003] Sodium gluconate is a widely used sodium salt of organic acid, also known as sodium D-gluconate or sodium pentahydroxyhexanoate. It is a white or light yellow crystalline powder with excellent water solubility and can be well dissolved in water. In addition, sodium gluconate also has good thermal stability, with a melting point above 206°C. At the same time, sodium gluconate also exists in the cucumber pentose phosphate pathway. Sodium gluconate can be used as a chelating agent in the soil to increase the solubility and availability of certain trace elements in the soil, which helps plants to more fully utilize nutrients in the soil and improve growth rate and quality. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the shortcomings of the prior art in preventing and controlling aphids, in a first aspect, the present invention provides the use of sodium D-gluconate in preventing and controlling vegetable aphids, which will not cause pollution and damage to the environment, can prevent and control aphids to a certain extent, and reduce economic losses.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The invention discloses an application of sodium D-gluconate in preventing and controlling vegetable aphids, wherein the spraying concentration of the sodium D-gluconate is 400 μM or 1000 μM.

[0007] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a green control method for vegetable aphids, comprising spraying a sodium D-gluconate solution having a concentration of 400 μM or 1000 μM.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0009] The application of sodium D-gluconate in preventing and controlling vegetable aphids and the green prevention and control method of vegetable aphids provided by the invention will not cause pollution and damage to the environment, can prevent and control aphids to a certain extent, and reduce economic losses.

[0010] The invention does not need to increase the concentration according to the growth cycle of aphids, and the application process can be completed by spraying during the growth period, which has the characteristics of convenience, speed and high efficiency. The sodium D-gluconate used is low in price and low in dosage.

[0011] The invention not only solves the problem of soil pollution caused by large-scale use of pesticides and aphid resistance, but also has the characteristics of low price and easy solubility in water, which is also conducive to being put into field production. The invention has the value of reducing environmental pollution and economic costs, and also has important application value in solving the problem of aphid pests in production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 This is a diagram of a 2-hour non-selective colonization experiment of cucumber plants in Example 1;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a detailed picture of the leaves of the cucumber plant in the 2-hour non-selective colonization experiment of Example 1 (the red dots are the locations of aphids);

[0014] Figure 3 This is a 10-day simplified life table experimental diagram of cucumber plants in Example 1;

[0015] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the apparatus before the 10-day simple life table experiment of cucumber plants in Example 1;

[0016] Figure 5 This is a simplified life table experimental diagram of a watermelon plant for 10 days in Example 1;

[0017] Figure 6 This is a simplified life table of watermelon plants for 10 days in Example 1, showing the plant just after inoculation (the red dots are the locations of aphids);

[0018] Figure 7 This is the simplified 10-day life chart of the watermelon plant in Example 1, showing the plant 10 days after inoculation with insects (the red dots are the locations of aphids). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The invention provides application of sodium D-gluconate in preventing and controlling vegetable aphids. The spraying concentration of the sodium D-gluconate is 400 μM or 1000 μM.

[0020] The invention also provides a green control method for vegetable aphids, which comprises spraying a sodium D-gluconate solution with a concentration of 400 μM or 1000 μM.

[0021] Among them, in the application of sodium D-gluconate in preventing and controlling vegetable aphids and the green prevention method of vegetable aphids, the vegetables are preferably cucumbers and watermelons, the aphids are preferably cotton aphids, and the sodium D-gluconate is preferably derived from the cucumber pentose phosphate pathway.

[0022] Among them, the pentose phosphate pathway is a metabolic pathway carried out in the cytoplasm, which mainly produces NADPH (reduced coenzyme II) to provide reducing power for various synthetic reactions of the cell. In this process, glucose-6-phosphate is oxidized and decarboxylated to produce ribulose-5-phosphate and NADPH under the catalysis of 6-phosphoglucose dehydrogenase. This step is one of the key reactions in the pentose phosphate pathway, which provides the necessary reducing power and energy for subsequent reactions.

[0023] Next, the production of sodium gluconate is mainly achieved through fermentation, using glucose oxidase secreted by Aspergillus niger to oxidize and dehydrogenate glucose to obtain gluconic acid. In this process, glucose is oxidized to gluconic acid and NADPH is generated at the same time. By controlling the appropriate pH value and adding an appropriate amount of sodium hydroxide solution, gluconic acid can be further neutralized to sodium gluconate (sodium D-gluconate).

[0024] Sodium D-gluconate is non-toxic, soluble in water, stable in nature, inexpensive and used in low dosage. Therefore, this biological control method will not pollute or damage the environment, and can control aphids to a certain extent, reducing economic losses.

[0025] In the green control method of vegetable aphids, it is preferred to spray during the vegetable growth period, and more preferably to spray after the vegetable seedlings have grown two cotyledons.

[0026] Based on the effects of sodium D-gluconate on promoting plant growth and environmental protection, the present invention conducts spraying and insect inoculation experiments on sodium D-gluconate, proving that a certain concentration of sodium D-gluconate plays an important role in cucumber insect resistance, including the experimental steps of spraying sodium D-gluconate on cucumber leaves to prevent and control aphids, which are specifically as follows:

[0027] Method for screening suitable concentration of sodium D-gluconate;

[0028] Method for spraying cucumber plants with sodium D-gluconate solution;

[0029] Methods for evaluating and identifying the aphid resistance of cucumber plants JY30 sprayed with different concentrations of sodium D-gluconate;

[0030] Method for verifying the aphid resistance of sodium D-gluconate using watermelon hybrids;

[0031] The full-grained cucumber JY30 seeds and watermelon hybrid seeds were placed on a moist paper towel in a culture dish, germinated in a constant temperature incubator at 28°C, and after germination, they were moved to culture pots to cultivate seedlings, which were then placed in an artificial climate incubator for cultivation.

[0032] When the seedlings have two cotyledons, select the healthy and strong seedlings, 8 plants for each concentration, a total of 48 plants. Each 8 plants are placed in an insect-proof net and sprayed with sodium D-gluconate at the same time every day. Each plant is sprayed twice, and the spraying concentration gradient is 0μM, 300μM, 400μM, 600μM, 800μM, and 1000μM respectively; spray for 5 days, and when the cucumber variety JY30 grows to two leaves and one heart, the experiment can be carried out;

[0033] Method for evaluating and identifying the aphid resistance of cucumber material JY30 sprayed with sodium D-gluconate.

[0034] (1) 2-hour non-selective colonization experiment

[0035] Install the experimental setup:

[0036] Seal the isolation net to one end of the isolation cover that has been connected to the aphids, and cover the isolation cover that has been connected to the aphids on the two true leaves of the cucumber seedlings, so that the true leaves of the cucumber are directly above the aphids without touching the aphids, and then insert the movable isolation plug on the petiole of the cucumber true leaf, and then seal the other end of the isolation cover.

[0037] Inoculate and observe and record the number of aphids:

[0038] After the cucumber aphids were starved for 2 hours, the active cucumber aphids in the culture dish were selected with a brush and carefully placed on the inner wall of the isolation cover. In this experiment, 10 cucumber aphids were placed in each isolation cover. After 2 hours of inoculation, the number of aphids on the true leaves of cucumber was observed and recorded.

[0039] (2) 10-day simple life table experiment

[0040] The plants were transplanted into the root control pot KGP-1 (upper bottom diameter 15cm, lower bottom diameter 10.6cm, height 15cm), and transparent plastic was cut into a circle and placed on the base of the plant stem to prevent aphids from crawling into the soil and affecting the experimental results. Ten 2nd-instar wingless aphids were inoculated on the same position of the leaves of each plant, and finally the isolation net was placed on the plant, and the statistics were counted after 10 days.

[0041] like Figure 1-4As shown (P value indicates the level of significant difference, P<0.05 indicates significant difference), after 2 hours of non-selective settlement experiment and 10 days of simple life table experiment evaluation and identification, the number of aphids of cucumber variety JY30 sprayed with 400μM and 1000μM sodium D-gluconate decreased significantly compared with other concentrations. Therefore, spraying 400μM and 1000μM sodium D-gluconate can effectively control cucumber aphids.

[0042] Method for verifying the aphid resistance of sodium D-gluconate using watermelon hybrids.

[0043] The watermelon hybrid seeds with full grains were placed in a centrifuge tube, warm water was added, and the seeds were soaked for 4 hours. Then, the seeds were placed on a moist paper towel in a culture dish and germinated in a constant temperature incubator at 28°C. After germination, the seeds were moved to a culture pot to cultivate seedlings, and the seedlings were placed in an artificial climate incubator for cultivation.

[0044] When the seedlings have two cotyledons and one true leaf, select the healthy and strong seedlings, 10 plants for each concentration, a total of 30 plants. Inoculate 10 2nd-instar wingless aphids at the same position on the leaves of each plant, and finally put the isolation net on the plant, and count the data after 10 days. At the same time, spray 0μM, 400μM and 1000μM sodium D-gluconate every day.

[0045] like Figure 5-7 As shown (P value indicates the level of significant difference, P<0.05 indicates significant difference), after 10 days of simple life table experiment evaluation and identification, the number of aphids in watermelon hybrids sprayed with 1000μM sodium D-gluconate decreased significantly compared with other concentrations. Therefore, spraying 1000μM sodium D-gluconate can effectively prevent and control watermelon aphids.

Claims

1. The application of sodium D-gluconate in preventing and controlling vegetable aphids is characterized in that: The spraying concentration of the sodium D-gluconate is 400 μM or 1000 μM.

2. The use of sodium D-gluconate in controlling aphids according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vegetable is cucumber.

3. The use of sodium D-gluconate in controlling aphids according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aphid is cotton aphid.

4. The use of sodium D-gluconate in controlling aphids according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The sodium D-gluconate is derived from the cucumber pentose phosphate pathway.

5. A green control method for vegetable aphids, characterized in that: A sodium D-gluconate solution with a concentration of 400 μM or 1000 μM was sprayed.

6. A green control method for vegetable aphids according to claim 6, characterized in that: Spray after the vegetable seedlings have two cotyledons.

7. A green control method for vegetable aphids according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vegetable is cucumber.

8. The green control method for vegetable aphids according to claim 5, characterized in that: The aphid is cotton aphid.

9. A green control method for vegetable aphids according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that: The sodium D-gluconate in the sodium D-gluconate solution comes from the cucumber pentose phosphate pathway.

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