Self-adaptive wrapping profiling extrusion deep-grain walnut shell breaking machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive wrapping profiling extrusion deep-grain walnut shell breaking machine which comprises a shell, a feeding hopper, a rack, a positioning conveying device, a shell breaking device, a power device, a locking device, a material collecting groove and a discharging hopper. The rack comprises a pair of L-shaped supports and a frame installed between the L-shaped supports, and the sheet metal parts are fixed to the periphery of the frame to form a shell. The whole machine is compact in structure and small in occupied space, the quantity of walnuts fed into the positioning conveying device can be adjusted during shell breaking processing, matching of the feeding quantity and the output quantity is achieved, and the working efficiency of the machine is improved; the self-adaptive clamp can adapt to different types of walnuts with different appearance characteristics, so that self-adaptive profiling wrapping in a real sense is realized; the contour cam is matched with the self-adaptive clamp to work, the self-adaptive clamp can quickly complete or release self-locking according to the extrusion requirement, and the requirement for high-speed operation of a machine is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to an adaptive wrapping, profiling, extruding, deep-grained walnut shelling machine. Background Art

[0002] The main varieties of deep-grained walnuts in Yunnan include Yangbi, Santai, Xixiang, etc. There are significant differences in appearance between these varieties of walnuts, and compared with other walnut varieties planted on a large scale, they have more typical characteristics, such as deep grain, small gap between shell and kernel, thicker shell, etc., which puts higher requirements on the shelling process. At present, there are relatively few types of machines specifically for deep-grained walnut shelling on the market, especially machines that can be put into large-scale use and achieve better shelling effects, which are still relatively scarce. How to adapt to the differences between different deep-grained walnut varieties and use suitable and efficient shelling machines to process Yunnan deep-grained walnuts to improve key indicators such as whole kernel rate and high-kernel rate, thereby enhancing the economic value of deep-grained walnuts, is gradually becoming the key to promoting the development of the deep-grained walnut industry.

[0003] The mainstream of existing walnut shelling machines uses an extrusion method to crack the walnut shells and extract the kernels. Under the premise of not damaging the walnut kernels, the extrusion head is used to squeeze the walnuts in one direction or two directions, so that the walnut shells are broken as much as possible, and the shells and kernels are less likely to stick together, which is convenient for subsequent processing. In actual use, the shelling effect of walnut shelling machines is poor. The main reasons can be summarized as follows: (1) The walnut positioning effect is poor, and it is impossible to achieve shelling by extrusion in a specified direction; (2) The extrusion head cannot adapt to the differences in the shapes and sizes of walnuts, and is still a single-point or multi-point extrusion. For example: Patent No. ZL202320851921.3, named "Low-loss walnut shelling machine", uses a porous chain plate for feeding, evenly and accurately controls the walnuts to fall into the guide cone, so as to clamp and crack the walnuts. When clamping and cracking the shells, the crushing force is controllable, and a flat shell-breaking splint is used, and the squeezing direction of the walnuts is random; Patent No. ZL202210810089.2, named "A drop-hammer walnut shelling machine with adjustable shell-breaking force", detects the cracks in the walnut shell by setting a high-speed camera, a drop-hammer mechanism and a control unit, so as to adjust the height of the drop-hammer according to the different shell-breaking forces required for different cracks, so that each walnut can obtain the corresponding shell-breaking force, so as to achieve complete shell-breaking while ensuring that the kernel is as intact as possible, and the shell-breaking force is calculated according to the shell crack image. It is not suitable for the shelling of different varieties of deep-grained walnuts. In general, the existing single walnut shelling machine cannot meet the needs of shelling multiple varieties of deep-grained walnuts. The key to extrusion shelling lies in the positioning of the walnuts and the adaptive profiling of the appearance characteristics of different varieties of walnuts. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adaptive wrapping, profiling and extruding deep-grained walnut shelling machine for Yunnan deep-grained walnuts, which can break the walnut shell as much as possible while ensuring the integrity of the walnut kernel, thereby improving the efficiency of the walnut shelling process.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is: an adaptive wrapping profiling extrusion deep-grained walnut shelling machine, including a shell, a feed hopper, a frame, a positioning and conveying device, a shelling device, a power device, a locking device, a collection trough and a discharge hopper; the frame includes a pair of L-shaped brackets and a frame installed between the pair of L-shaped brackets, and sheet metal parts are fixed around the frame to form a shell;

[0006] The feed hopper is embedded in the front part of the frame, the positioning and conveying device is arranged inside the frame and the conveying port of the positioning and conveying device is located directly below the discharge port of the feed hopper, both ends of the shell breaking device are fixed to the outer shell through circular plates, the power device is installed at the bottom of the frame and is transmission-connected to the shell breaking device, the locking device half-wraps the shell breaking device and is concentrically arranged and both ends of the locking device are respectively fixed to the circular plates on both sides of the outer shell, the aggregate trough is located inside the frame and the upper end is fixed on the locking device, and the discharge hopper is fixed below the frame and is located directly below the lower end of the aggregate trough.

[0007] Furthermore, the shell breaking device includes a cam push rod, a cylindrical cam, a left bracket disk, a left adaptive clamp, a left fixed disk, a right fixed disk, a right adaptive clamp, a right bracket disk and a main shaft, the cylindrical cam, the left bracket disk, the left fixed disk, the right fixed disk and the right bracket disk are arranged on the main shaft from left to right, the two ends of the main shaft are respectively fixed on the mounting seats of the circular plates on both sides of the shell, and the transmission active sprocket is located between the left fixed disk and the right fixed disk; the left bracket disk is connected to the left fixed disk through the left adaptive clamp, and the right fixed disk is connected to the right bracket disk through the right adaptive clamp; the push rod end of the cam push rod passes through the through hole of the left bracket disk and is connected to the left adaptive clamp, and the cam roller of the cam push rod fits in the groove of the cylindrical cam; the number of cam push rods is the same as the number of left adaptive clamps and is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0008] Furthermore, the left adaptive clamp includes a locking cam roller, a clamp housing, a telescopic spring, a limit hole plate, a pin, a locking push rod, a limit rectangular plate and a return spring, and the two ends of the locking cam roller are connected to the upper ends of the two locking push rods through nuts;

[0009] One end of the telescopic spring is fixed on the limiting orifice plate, the other end of the telescopic spring is connected to one end of the pin, the other end of the pin passes through the through hole of the end plate of the fixture housing, the open end of the fixture housing is docked and fixed with the limiting orifice plate, and the telescopic spring is limited between the limiting orifice plate and the pin.

[0010] Furthermore, the pin is composed of a plurality of pin unit arrays, the telescopic spring is composed of a plurality of telescopic spring unit arrays, the pin units and the telescopic spring units are the same in number and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and a gap is left between every two adjacent pin units; the cross section of the locking part of the pin is a regular hexagon composed of all the pin unit arrays,

[0011] A single pin unit comprises an inner pin and an outer pin, wherein the outer pin comprises a regular hexagonal body section and a cylindrical body section, and the cylindrical body section is closed by a ball head; one end of the inner pin is inserted into the regular hexagonal body section of the outer pin, and the other end is inserted into the telescopic spring.

[0012] Furthermore, the lower end of the locking push rod is serrated and contacts the side of the regular hexagonal body segment of the outer needle. The locking push rod passes through the limited rectangular plate and the return spring in sequence from bottom to top, and the limited rectangular plate is fixed on the fixture housing.

[0013] Furthermore, the positioning and conveying device comprises a transverse brush roller, a longitudinal brush roller, an aluminum block, a transmission chain, a transmission driven sprocket and a transmission active sprocket, the transmission driven sprocket is fixed to a mounting seat on the side of the shell through a shaft, the transmission active sprocket is sleeved on the main shaft of the shell breaking device to realize linkage, the motor end of the transverse brush roller and the electrode end of the longitudinal brush roller are both installed on the feed hopper, and the axis of the transverse brush roller is perpendicular to the plane where the positioning and conveying device is located, and the axis of the longitudinal brush roller is parallel to the plane where the positioning and conveying device is located; a cavity for accommodating a walnut is formed between two adjacent aluminum blocks;

[0014] The aluminum block includes a fixed block, a rotating block and an adjusting spring. The fixed block is interference-fitted with the inner and outer chain links and plates of the transmission chain through a pin shaft. The rotating block is hinged on the fixed block. One end of the adjusting spring is fixed on the cylindrical protrusion of the fixed block, and the other end is fixed on the cylindrical protrusion of the rotating block, so as to realize the elastic connection between the fixed block and the rotating block.

[0015] Furthermore, the locking device includes an outer profile cam, a support plate, a feed trough connecting piece, a fixed shaft rod and fixing bolts, and the outer surface of the outwardly expanded cam is connected to the support plate; a through hole is opened on the support plate, and there are two fixed shaft rods, both of which pass through the through hole of the support plate, and the two ends of each fixed shaft rod are respectively fixed to the two circular plates by fixing bolts, so that the axial and circumferential positions of the locking device are fixed; the feed trough connecting piece is embedded in the notch part on the outer profile cam.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner side of the aggregate trough connecting piece is higher than the inner surface of the outer profile cam, the width of the aggregate trough connecting piece corresponds to the notch portion of the outer profile cam, the aggregate trough connecting piece is fixed on the outer profile cam, and the inner circle diameter of the aggregate trough connecting piece is slightly larger than the gap distance between the left fixed plate and the right fixed plate, thereby partially enclosing the gap between the left fixed plate and the right fixed plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the inner surface of the outer profile cam includes two sections of inclined surfaces at the beginning and the end and five sections of curved surfaces between the two sections of inclined surfaces, and the inclined surfaces and the curved surfaces are smoothly connected.

[0018] Furthermore, the power device includes a driven sprocket, a tensioning sprocket, a transmission chain, a driving sprocket, a reducer and an electric motor. The driven sprocket is fixed on the left support plate in the shell breaking device. The shell breaking device is an integral body that rotates around the axis. The transmission driving sprocket in the positioning and conveying device is fixed coaxially with the shell breaking device; the tensioning sprocket is fixed to the bearing seat of the outer shell through an axle rod, and the driving sprocket located on the transmission chain to tension the transmission chain is fixed on the output shaft of the reducer to transmit power from the reducer output shaft to the shell breaking device; the electric motor is connected to the reducer, and the reducer reduces the speed and increases the torque of the power output by the electric motor.

[0019] The reducer slows down and increases the torque of the power output by the motor, and changes the direction of the power, making the transmission of the power unit more efficient and the structure more compact; under the premise of ensuring that the left-side adaptive clamp driven by the cam push rod does not interfere with the aluminum block, the shelling device and the positioning and conveying device can achieve high-speed linkage, which guarantees the productivity of the walnut shelling machine to a certain extent.

[0020] By adopting the above technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the whole machine of the present invention has a compact structure and occupies a small space. During the shelling process, the amount of walnuts fed into the positioning and conveying device can be adjusted, so that the feeding amount and the output amount are matched, and the working efficiency of the machine is improved; the adaptive clamp can adapt to different varieties of walnuts with different appearance characteristics, and realizes truly adaptive contour packaging; the outer profile cam works in coordination with the adaptive clamp, and the adaptive clamp can quickly complete or release self-locking according to the extrusion requirements, meeting the requirements of high-speed operation of the machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the self-adaptive wrapping, profiling, extruding and deep-grained walnut shelling machine of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure after removing the outer shell;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of the positioning conveying device;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the aluminum block;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The structural diagram of the middle shell breaking device;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The structural diagram of the adaptive fixture on the left side of the middle;

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the structure without the fixture housing;

[0029] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of a single pin unit;

[0030] Fig. 9 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle locking push rod;

[0031] Fig.10 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the middle pin;

[0032] Fig.11 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle locking device;

[0033] Fig.12 for Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the inner surface of the middle and outer expansion cam;

[0034] Fig.13 for Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the stroke and rotation angle of the inner surface of the middle and outer expansion cam;

[0035] Fig.14 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the power unit;

[0036] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the shell breaking process of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure, 1 is a shell, 11 is a cover plate, 12 is a circular plate, 2 is a feed hopper, 21 is a movable baffle, 22 is an adjusting bolt, 3 is a frame, 4 is a positioning conveying device, 41 is a horizontal brush roller, 42 is a longitudinal brush roller, 43 is an aluminum block, 431 is a fixed block, 432 is a pin, 433 is an adjustment spring, 434 is a rotating block, 44 is a transmission chain, 45 is a transmission driven sprocket, 46 is a transmission driving sprocket, 47 is a cavity, 5 is a shell breaking device, 51 is a cam push rod, 52 is a cylindrical cam, 53 is a left bracket plate, 54 is a left adaptive clamp, 541 is a locking cam roller, 542 is a clamp housing, 543 is a telescopic spring, 5 44—limiting hole plate, 545—pin, 545-1 inner needle, 545-2 outer needle, 546—locking push rod, 547—limiting rectangular plate, 548—reset spring, 55—left fixed plate, 56—right fixed plate, 57—right adaptive clamp, 58—right bracket plate, 59—spindle, 6—power unit, 61—driven sprocket, 62—tensioning sprocket, 63—transmission chain, 64—driving sprocket, 65—reducer, 66—motor, 7—locking device, 71—outer profile cam, 72—support plate, 73—aggregate trough connector, 74—fixed shaft rod, 75—fixing bolt, 76—notch, 8—aggregate trough, 9—discharge hopper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] like Figure 1 , 2 The self-adaptive wrapping profiling extrusion deep-grained walnut shelling machine shown in the figure comprises a shell 1, a feed hopper 2, a frame 3, a positioning and conveying device 4, a shelling device 5, a power device 6, a locking device 7, a collecting trough 8 and a discharge hopper 9. The frame 3 comprises a pair of L-shaped brackets 32 and a frame 31 installed between the pair of L-shaped brackets 32, and sheet metal parts are fixed around the frame 31 to form the shell 1; the L-shaped bracket 32 ​​serves as a bearing body to improve the overall stability of the machine; casters are fixed at the bottom of the frame 3 to enhance the mobility of the whole machine; a handle is fixed in the middle of the frame 3 to realize the convenient movement of the machine.

[0040] The feed hopper 2 is embedded in the front part of the frame 31, the positioning and conveying device 4 is arranged inside the frame 31 and the conveying port of the positioning and conveying device 4 is located directly below the discharge port of the feed hopper 2, both ends of the shell breaking device 5 are fixed to the outer shell 1 through circular plates 12, the power device 6 is installed at the bottom of the frame 31 and is transmission-connected with the shell breaking device 5, the locking device 7 half-wraps the shell breaking device 5 and is concentrically arranged and both ends of the locking device 7 are respectively fixed to the circular plates 12 on both sides of the outer shell 1, the aggregate trough 8 is located inside the frame 31 and the upper end is fixed to the locking device 7, the discharge hopper 9 is fixed below the frame 31 and is located directly below the lower end of the aggregate trough 8, the cover plate 11 is installed on the top of the outer shell 1 through an axis, and the cover plate 11 rotates around the axis to facilitate maintenance of the machine. The positioning and conveying device 4 positions the walnuts and transports the walnuts to the shell breaking device 5 linked thereto. After the extrusion and shell breaking, the shell and kernel mixture is collected by the collecting trough 8 and discharged to the discharge hopper 9 under the action of gravity. Under the action of the discharge hopper 9, the mixture is output within a specified range to facilitate subsequent collection.

[0041] The feed hopper 2 includes a movable baffle 21 and an adjusting bolt 22 located at the outlet. The movable baffle 21 is fixed by tightening the adjusting bolt 22, and the movable baffle 21 is released by rotating the adjusting bolt 22. The feed amount of the feed hopper 2 is adjusted by adjusting the height of the movable baffle 21 to achieve matching of the feed amount and the output amount, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the machine.

[0042] like Figure 3 , 4 The positioning and conveying device 4 shown includes a transverse brush roller 41, a longitudinal brush roller 42, an aluminum block 43, a fixed block 431, a pin 432, an adjustment spring 433, a rotating block 434, a transmission chain 44, a transmission driven sprocket 45 and a transmission active sprocket 46. The transmission driven sprocket 45 is fixed to a mounting seat on the side of the shell 1 through a shaft, and the transmission active sprocket 46 is sleeved on the main shaft 59 of the shell breaking device 5 to achieve linkage. The pin 432 in the aluminum block 43 and the inner and outer chain links and chain plates of the transmission chain 44 adopt an interference fit (the aluminum block 43 can rotate slightly with the pin as the axis in the plane where the positioning and conveying device 4 is located). The motor end and the electrode end of the longitudinal brush roller 42 are both installed on the feed hopper 2, and the axis of the transverse brush roller 41 is perpendicular to the plane where the positioning and conveying device 4 is located, and the axis of the longitudinal brush roller 42 is parallel to the plane where the positioning and conveying device 4 is located; a cavity 47 for accommodating a walnut is formed between two adjacent aluminum blocks 43, and the initial spacing between two adjacent aluminum blocks 43 is determined according to the angular direction and transverse dimensions of the walnut to ensure that only one walnut is filled in the gap between each adjacent aluminum block 43 at this spacing, and the thickness of a single aluminum block 3 is determined according to the longitudinal dimension of the walnut to ensure that the longitudinal axis of a single walnut filled at this thickness is perpendicular to the plane where the positioning and conveying device 4 is located.

[0043] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 4The aluminum block 43 shown includes a fixed block 431, a rotating block 434 and an adjusting spring 433. The fixed block 431 is interference fit with the inner and outer chain links and plates of the transmission chain 44 through a pin 432. The rotating block 434 is hinged on the fixed block 431. One end of the adjusting spring 433 is fixed on the cylindrical protrusion of the fixed block 431, and the other end is fixed on the cylindrical protrusion of the rotating block 434, thereby realizing an elastic connection between the fixed block 431 and the rotating block 434.

[0044] The positioning conveying device 4 rotates clockwise, the transverse brush roller 41 rotates clockwise, and the longitudinal brush roller 42 rotates counterclockwise. When the size of the walnuts filled in the cavity is abnormal, that is, the size of the walnuts is large, the walnuts cannot completely enter the cavity 47. Under the extrusion and push of the transverse brush roller 41, the adjustment spring 433 is compressed, and the rotating block 434 rotates counterclockwise around the axis, and the walnuts are smoothly filled into the cavity 47; when the number of walnuts filled in the cavity 47 is abnormal, that is, the number of walnuts filled per unit interval is greater than one, the transverse brush roller 41 will block the abnormally filled walnuts in the plumb direction, so that they fall into the cavity 47 near the feed hopper end, or When there is no cavity 47 to be filled, the abnormally filled walnuts will roll back into the walnut pile, and the longitudinal brush roller 42 will block the abnormally filled walnuts in the horizontal direction, causing them to roll into the walnut pile; when the walnuts filled in the cavity 47 have an abnormal posture, the bristles of the rotating transverse brush roller 41 and the bristles of the longitudinal brush roller 42 brush the abnormally postured walnuts from the horizontal and plumb directions respectively, so that the posture of the walnuts can be adjusted, and finally the walnuts enter the subsequent shelling device with an ideal posture, and the conveying and positioning functions of the conveying and positioning device 4 can be realized; if the position of the walnut is normal, the bristles of the transverse brush roller 41 and the bristles of the longitudinal brush roller 42 do not contact the walnuts.

[0045] like Figure 5As shown, the shell breaking device 5 includes a cam push rod 51, a cylindrical cam 52, a left support plate 53, a left adaptive clamp 54, a left fixed plate 55, a right fixed plate 56, a right adaptive clamp 57, a right support plate 58 and a main shaft 59. The cylindrical cam 52, the left support plate 53, the left fixed plate 55, the right fixed plate 56 and the right support plate 58 are arranged on the main shaft 59 from left to right. The two ends of the main shaft 59 are respectively fixed on the mounting seats of the circular plates 12 on both sides of the shell 1, and the transmission driving sprocket 46 is located between the left fixed plate 55 and the right fixed plate 56 (that is, the transmission chain 44 is transmitted between the left fixed plate 55 and the right fixed plate 56). The left support plate 53 is connected to the left fixed plate 55 through the left adaptive clamp 54, and the right fixed plate 56 is connected to the right support plate 58 through the right adaptive clamp 57; the push rod end of the cam push rod 51 passes through the through hole of the left support plate 53 and is connected to the left adaptive clamp 54, and the cam roller of the cam push rod 51 fits in the groove of the cylindrical cam 52, and the cylindrical cam 52 and the cam push rod 51 work together to realize the process of push-hold-push-retract-reset within one rotation cycle; the number of cam push rods 51 is the same as the number of left adaptive clamps 54 and is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0046] like Figures 6 to 10 As shown, the left adaptive clamp 54 includes a locking cam roller 541, a clamp housing 542, a telescopic spring 543, a limiting hole plate 544, a pin 545, a locking push rod 546, a limiting rectangular plate 547 and a return spring 548, and the two ends of the locking cam roller 541 are connected to the upper ends of the two locking push rods 546 through nuts.

[0047] One end of the telescopic spring 543 is fixed on the limiting orifice plate 544, and the other end of the telescopic spring 543 is connected to one end of the pin 545. The other end of the pin 545 passes through the through hole of the end plate of the clamp housing 542. The open end of the clamp housing 542 is fixed to the limiting orifice plate 544. The clamp housing 542 acts as a bracket, so that the pin 545 can only be telescoped in the extrusion direction; the telescopic spring 543 is restricted between the limiting orifice plate 544 and the pin 545. When the pin 545 is squeezed, the pin 545 moves backward, the telescopic spring 543 is compressed, and the pin 545 passes through the limiting orifice plate 544. The limiting orifice plate 544 causes the pin 545 to telescope in the axial direction. When the extrusion force on the pin 545 disappears, the pin 545 returns to its initial position under the action of the telescopic spring 543.

[0048] The pin 545 is composed of a plurality of pin unit arrays, and the telescopic spring 543 is also composed of a plurality of telescopic spring unit arrays. The number of pin units is the same as that of telescopic spring units and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. Figure 8The single pin unit shown includes an inner needle 545-1 and an outer needle 545-2, the outer needle 545-2 includes a regular hexagonal section and a cylindrical section, and the cylindrical section is closed with a ball head; one end of the inner needle 545-1 is inserted into the regular hexagonal section of the outer needle 545-2, and the other end is inserted into the telescopic spring 543, thereby limiting the unidirectional displacement of the inner needle 545-1.

[0049] There is a gap between each two adjacent pin units. When the side is not subjected to external forces, there is no friction interference between the adjacent pin units, and the pin units are not slightly deformed. Each pin unit remains in the initial axial position, and there is no force transmission between the adjacent pin units. When subjected to a force perpendicular to the plane where the pin cross section is located, each pin unit can independently achieve contraction corresponding to the force. After the force perpendicular to the plane where the pin 545 cross section is located disappears, each contracted pin unit can return to its initial position under the action of the telescopic spring 543. When the side of the pin 545 is subjected to external forces, there is a gap between the adjacent pin units. Friction interference occurs, and the pin units are slightly deformed. Some pin units will deviate from the initial axial position. There is force transmission between adjacent pin units, and under the wrapping of the fixture housing 542, the lateral external force is converted into the friction force of interaction between adjacent pin units. At this time, the left adaptive fixture 54 realizes friction self-locking; when subjected to a force perpendicular to the plane where the cross section of the pin 545 is located, within the maximum load that the adaptive fixture can withstand, the friction force between adjacent pin units makes it impossible for each pin unit to shrink independently, and the position and shape of the pin unit do not change with the change of the force perpendicular to the plane where the cross section of the pin 545 is located.

[0050] The lower end of the locking push rod 546 contacts the side of the regular hexagonal body segment of the outer needle 545-2, and the locking push rod 546 passes through the limiting rectangular plate 547 and the return spring 548 from bottom to top in sequence. The limiting rectangular plate 547 is fixed on the clamp housing 542 and its position does not change during the operation of the clamp; when the locking cam roller 541 is subjected to pressure, the locking push rod 546 moves downward under the action of the pressure, and the locking push rod 546 converts the pressure exerted on the locking cam roller 541 into a vertical The thrust on the side of the pin, under the action of the thrust, the left adaptive clamp 54 realizes self-locking; if the pressure on the locking cam roller 541 disappears, the thrust perpendicular to the side of the pin also disappears, and the self-locking of the left adaptive clamp 54 is released. At this time, the locking push rod 546 returns to the initial position under the action of the reset spring 548, and the lower end of the locking push rod 546 only contacts the side of the regular hexagonal body segment of the outer needle 545-2, and the self-locking of the left adaptive clamp 54 is released.

[0051] The cross section of the locking part of the pin is a regular hexagon composed of all the pin unit arrays; the lower end of the locking push rod 546 is serrated and matches the side of the regular hexagonal body segment of the outer pin 545-2; when the pin 545 is locked, the adaptive clamp can withstand a larger load; the adjacent sides of the regular hexagonal segments of any two adjacent pin units overlap to prevent the debris in the shell-kernel mixture from entering the inside of the clamp during the shell-breaking and kernel-taking process, thereby reducing the occurrence of adaptive clamp failures. When the clamp is subjected to a locking force, the regular hexagonal segments contact each other in surface contact when internal deformation occurs, which can increase the contact area between the pin units in the locked state. However, pins with all circular cross sections are subject to a locking force, and are in line contact or point contact, and the contact area is smaller than the surface contact area. The lower end of the locking push rod 546 is serrated, which increases the contact area between the locking push rod 546 and the pin 545, and the tooth tip is inserted between two adjacent pins of the pin 545. In the locked state, the two adjacent tooth tips have a clamping effect on the single pin of the pin 545, making the relative static relationship between the lower end of the locking push rod 546 and the side of the pin 545 more stable.

[0052] The right adaptive clamp 57 has the same structure and principle as the left adaptive clamp 54 , which will not be described in detail here.

[0053] like Fig.11 , 12 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 13 , the locking device 7 includes an outer cam 71, a support plate 72, a feed trough connector 73, a fixed shaft rod 74 and a fixing bolt 75. The outer surface of the outwardly expanded cam 71 is connected to the support plate 72. A through hole is opened on the support plate 72. There are two fixed shaft rods 74, both of which pass through the through hole of the support plate 72. Both ends of each fixed shaft rod 74 are fixed to the two circular plates 12 by fixing bolts 75, so that the axial and circumferential positions of the locking device 7 are fixed. The feed trough connector 73 is embedded in the notch 76 on the outer cam 71.

[0054] The inner side of the collecting trough connector 73 is higher than the inner surface of the outer profile cam 71, and the width of the collecting trough connector 73 corresponds to the notch 76 of the outer profile cam 71. The collecting trough connector 73 is fixed on the outer profile cam 71, and the inner diameter of the collecting trough connector 73 is slightly larger than the gap distance between the left fixed disk 55 and the right fixed disk 56, so as to partially surround the gap between the left fixed disk 55 and the right fixed disk 56. During the shell breaking process, the shell kernel mixture after being squeezed moves in the middle of the gap between the left fixed disk 55 and the right fixed disk 56, and the collecting trough connector 73 is located in the outer circle of the gap, so as to prevent the shell kernel mixture from splashing into other parts of the shell breaking device 5, causing abnormal operation and damage of the machine.

[0055] Under the premise of not interfering with the left adaptive clamp 54, the left fixed plate 55, the right fixed plate 56 and the right adaptive clamp 57 in the shell breaking device 5, it is necessary to ensure that the shell-kernel mixture splashed after being squeezed is blocked to prevent the shell-kernel mixture from splashing into other parts of the shell breaking device 5, thereby preventing the machine from operating abnormally and being damaged.

[0056] The locking device 7 cooperates with the left adaptive clamp 54 and the right adaptive clamp 57. The locking cam roller 541 of the adaptive clamp rolls on the inner surface of the outer profile cam 71 in the locking device 7. Fig.12 The inner surface of the outer profile cam 71 shown includes two inclined surfaces at the beginning and the end and five curved surfaces between the two inclined surfaces. The inclined surfaces and the curved surfaces are smoothly connected. When passing through area ①, the locking device 7 has no effect on the locking push rod 546, the stroke of the outer profile cam 71 is -16mm~0mm, and the rotation angle is 25°; when passing through area ②, the locking device 7 has no effect on the locking push rod 546, the stroke of the outer profile cam 71 remains 0mm, and the rotation angle is 49°; when passing through area ③, the radial driving force of the locking device 7 is transmitted to the locking push rod 546 by the locking cam roller 541, the stroke of the outer profile cam 71 is 0mm~3mm, and the rotation angle is 10°; when passing through area ④, the radial driving force of the locking device 7 on the locking cam roller 541 is The radial driving force of the locking device 7 on the locking cam roller 541 gradually disappears when passing through area ⑤, the stroke of the outer cam 71 is 3mm to 0mm, and the angle of rotation is 11°; when passing through area ⑥, the locking device 7 has no effect on the locking push rod 546, the stroke of the outer cam 71 is maintained at 0mm, and the angle of rotation is 45°; when passing through area ⑦, the locking device 7 has no effect on the locking push rod 546, the stroke of the outer cam 71 is 0mm to -16mm, and the angle of rotation is 11°;

[0057] The shell breaking device 5 rotates under the drive of the power device 6. When the locking cam roller 541 rolls over different inclined surfaces and curved surfaces, the locking push rod 546 obtains intermittent circumferential force under the action of the locking cam roller 541. In particular, when the locking cam roller 541 rolls over area ①, the locking cam roller 541 is not subjected to force. Area ① guides the locking cam roller 541 to prevent the locking cam roller 541 from violently colliding with the outer profile cam 71 under the high-speed rotation of the shell breaking device 5, thereby causing damage to the components. When the locking cam roller 541 rolls over area ②, the outer profile cam 71 of the locking cam roller 541 is When the locking cam roller 541 rolls over the base circle of the wheel 71, the locking cam roller 541 is not subjected to force or is subjected to very small pressure. The pressure is transmitted to the side of the pin 545 through the locking push rod 546, and the pin 545 will not self-lock; when the locking cam roller 541 rolls over area ③, area ③ corresponds to the push angle of the outer profile cam 71. At this time, the locking cam roller 541 is subjected to pressure, and the pressure is transmitted to the side of 545 through the locking push rod 546, the reset spring 548 is compressed, and the pin 545 self-locks; when the locking cam roller 541 rolls over area ④, area ④ corresponds to the far repose angle of the outer profile cam 71, and the locking cam roller 541 is continuously subjected to pressure , the force transmitted to the side of the pin 545 through the locking push rod 546 is in a continuous state, the return spring 548 remains in a compressed state, and the pin 545 continues to self-lock; when the locking cam roller 541 rolls over area ⑤, area ⑤ corresponds to the return angle of the outer profile cam 71, at this time, the pressure on the locking cam roller 541 continues to decrease, and the force on the side of the pin 545 also continues to decrease, the compression of the return spring 548 gradually decreases, the self-locking of the pin 545 is gradually released, and finally the self-locking phenomenon disappears; when the locking cam roller 541 rolls over area ⑥, area ⑥ corresponds to the near-rest angle of the outer profile cam 71, at this time the outer profile of the locking cam roller 541 When the locking cam roller 541 rolls over the base circle of the cam 71, the locking cam roller 541 is not subjected to force or is subjected to very small pressure, and the pressure is transmitted to the side of the pin 545 through the locking push rod 546, and the reset spring 548 returns to the initial position, and the pin 545 will not self-lock; when the locking cam roller 541 rolls over area ⑦, the locking cam roller 541 is not subjected to force, and area ⑦ guides and buffers the locking cam roller 541; the locking cam roller 541 completely rolls over the seven areas on the inner surface of the outward-expanding cam 71, and the effects obtained by the adaptive clamp are: not self-locking - not self-locking - start self-locking - maintain self-locking - release self-locking - not self-locking - not self-locking.

[0058] In view of the different appearance characteristics of Yangbi and Santai walnuts, the main varieties of deep-grained walnuts in Yunnan, and different from the traditional extrusion heads with fixed shapes or concave internal patterns, the pins 545 can be in the second stage, when the clamp has no self-locking phenomenon. Under the push of the cam push rod 51, each pin 545 that comes into contact with the walnut can achieve corresponding contraction according to the shape of the contact. After entering the third stage, the adaptive clamp is in a self-locking state, thereby wrapping the walnut and completing the profiling of the walnut. In theory, the smaller the diameter of the pin unit, the more pin units work within the unit wrapping area, and the closer they fit the irregular surface of the walnut. The push of the cam push rod 51 can achieve truly adaptive wrapping and profiling extrusion.

[0059] like Fig.13 The power device 6 shown includes a driven sprocket 61, a tensioning sprocket 62, a transmission chain 63, a driving sprocket 64, a reducer 65 and a motor 66. The driven sprocket 61 is fixed on the left support plate 53 in the shell breaking device 5. The shell breaking device 5 is an integral body that rotates around the axis. The transmission driving sprocket 46 in the positioning and conveying device 4 is fixed coaxially with the shell breaking device 5, so that the transmission driving sprocket 46 in the positioning and conveying device 4 can be synchronously rotated with the shell breaking device 5. The power is transmitted to the shell breaking device 5 by the driven sprocket 61, and the shell breaking device 5 rotates and drives the positioning and conveying device 4 to rotate. The tensioning sprocket 62 is fixed to the bearing seat of the outer shell 1 through a shaft rod, and the driving sprocket 64 located on the transmission chain to tension the transmission chain 63 is fixed to the output shaft of the reducer 65, so that the power is transmitted from the output shaft of the reducer 65 to the shell breaking device 5; the motor 66 is connected to the reducer 65, and the reducer 65 reduces the speed and increases the torque of the power output by the motor 66, and changes the direction of the power, so that the transmission of the power device 6 is more efficient and the structure is more compact.

[0060] Specifically, the collecting trough 8 is located inside the whole machine, with the upper end connected to the collecting trough connecting piece 73 of the locking device 7, and the lower end corresponding to the position of the discharge hopper 9; under the action of the collecting trough 8, the shell-kernel mixture after shell breaking can be smoothly guided to the discharge hopper 9 under the action of gravity after leaving the shell breaking device 5 and the locking device 7, which is convenient for the subsequent collection and reprocessing of the shell-kernel mixture.

[0061] Specifically, Fig.15 The complete shell breaking workflow shown can be divided into six stages; in the first stage, the cylindrical cam 52 has no effect on the cam push rod 51, the cam push rod 51 and the left adaptive clamp 54 are in the initial position, the left adaptive clamp 54 and the right adaptive clamp 57 are both in an un-self-locking state, and the single walnut transported by the positioning and conveying device 4 is located between the left adaptive clamp 54 and the right adaptive clamp 57. In an ideal state, due to the action of the positioning and conveying device 4, the longitudinal axis of the transported walnut is parallel to the extrusion direction of the shell breaking device 4, and the shell breaking device 5 continues to rotate and enters the next stage.

[0062] In the second stage, the cylindrical cam 52 starts to act on the cam push rod 51, and the cam push rod 51 drives the left adaptive clamp 54 to move to the right, and the walnut is clamped between the left adaptive clamp 54 and the right adaptive clamp 57. The single walnut removal is completed, and the left adaptive clamp 54 and the right adaptive clamp 57 are both in the non-self-locking state, and the shell breaking device 5 continues to rotate and enters the next stage.

[0063] In the third stage, the cylindrical cam 52 continuously acts on the cam push rod 51, the positions of the cam push rod 51 and the left adaptive clamp 54 are maintained, the left adaptive clamp 54 and the right adaptive clamp 57 complete the adaptive contour wrapping of a single walnut, and the left adaptive clamp 54 and the right adaptive clamp 57 enter a self-locking state under the action of the locking device 7. At this time, the shape and compression stroke of the pin 545 remain unchanged, and the shell breaking device 5 continues to rotate and enters the next stage.

[0064] In the fourth stage, the cylindrical cam 52 continuously acts on the cam push rod 51, and the cam push rod 51 drives the left adaptive clamp 54 to continue to advance to the right. At this time, the left adaptive clamp 54 and the right adaptive clamp 57 in the self-locking state squeeze the walnut in the longitudinal direction. Under the action of the adaptive contour wrapping of the clamp, the extrusion and crushing of the walnut is different from the traditional single-point or multi-point extrusion. Under the premise of controlling the extrusion stroke, that is, controlling the second advancement distance of the push rod, the walnut is subjected to more intensive extrusion similar to the facing force. At this time, the crushing effect of the walnut will be greatly improved, and the whole kernel rate and high kernel rate of the shelling machine will be significantly improved. The shelling device 5 continues to rotate and enters the next stage.

[0065] In the fifth stage, the cylindrical cam 52 continuously acts on the cam push rod 51, and the cam push rod 51 drives the left adaptive clamp 54 to retreat to the left. The left adaptive clamp 54 and the right adaptive clamp 57 remain in a self-locking state under the action of the locking device 7. The shelling of a single walnut is completed, and the shelling device 5 continues to rotate to enter the next stage.

[0066] In the sixth stage, the cylindrical cam 52 continuously acts on the cam push rod 51, and the cam push rod 51 drives the left adaptive clamp to return to its initial position. Under the joint action of the locking device 7 and the reset spring 548, the self-locking state of the left adaptive clamp 54 and the right adaptive clamp 57 is released, and the pin 545 also returns to its initial state. The shelling device 5 continues to rotate, and the positioning and conveying device 4 leaves the shelling device 5 with the crushed walnuts. After the positioning and conveying device 4 is conveyed to the designated position, under the action of gravity, the crushed walnuts fall into the aggregate trough connector 73, then slide into the aggregate trough 8, and finally fall into the discharge hopper 9, and a complete working process of the whole machine is completed.

[0067] In order to further optimize the technical solution of the present invention, for the main cultivated varieties of Yunnan deep-grained walnuts, Yangbi and Santai walnuts, the selection and use of adaptive contour wrapping clamps are not limited to the single clamp mentioned in the article to explain the principle and use. Any similar clamps, extrusion heads and hammer heads with different shapes and sizes and different pin shapes should be included in the protection scope of this patent.

[0068] Working principle of the present invention:

[0069] Start the motor 66, the transverse brush roller 41 and the longitudinal brush roller 42. The motor 66 is connected to the reducer 65. The power output by the reducer 65 motor 66 is decelerated and torque-increased, and the power direction is changed. The power is transmitted to the driven sprocket by the driving sprocket 64 transmission chain. The driven sprocket 61 transmits the power to the shell breaking device 5. After the shell breaking device 5 rotates, it drives the positioning conveying device 4 to rotate. The deep-grained walnuts are put into the feed hopper 2. Under the action of gravity, the amount of walnuts entering the positioning conveying device 4 is adjusted by adjusting the height of the movable baffle 21. The positioning conveying device 4 rotates clockwise. The spacing between two adjacent aluminum blocks 43 is determined according to the angular direction and transverse size of the walnut to ensure that only one walnut is filled into the spacing between each adjacent aluminum block 43 at this spacing. The thickness of a single aluminum block 3 is determined according to the longitudinal size of the walnut to ensure that the longitudinal axis of a single walnut filled at this thickness is perpendicular to the plane where the positioning conveying device 4 is located; the transverse brush roller 41 rotates clockwise, and the longitudinal brush roller 4 2 is counterclockwise rotation. When the size of the walnuts filled in the cavity is abnormal, that is, the size of the walnuts is large, the walnuts cannot completely enter the cavity 47. Under the extrusion and push of the transverse brush roller 41, the adjustment spring 433 is compressed, and the rotating block 434 rotates counterclockwise around the pin 432, and the walnuts are smoothly filled into the cavity 47; when the number of walnuts filled in the cavity is abnormal, that is, the number of walnuts filled in a unit interval is greater than one, the transverse brush roller 41 will block the abnormally filled walnuts in the plumb direction, so that they fall into the cavity 47 near the feed hopper end, or when there is no cavity 47 to be filled, the abnormally filled walnuts will roll back into the walnut pile, and the longitudinal brush roller 42 will block the abnormally filled walnuts in the horizontal direction, so that they roll into the walnut pile; when the posture of the walnuts filled in the cavity 47 is abnormal, the bristles of the rotating transverse brush roller 41 and the bristles of the longitudinal brush roller 42 brush the abnormally filled walnuts from the horizontal and plumb directions respectively, and the posture of the walnuts is adjusted, and finally the walnuts enter the shelling device 5 with the longitudinal axis parallel to the extrusion direction.

[0070] The walnut shelling is completed under the joint cooperation of the shelling device 5, the locking device 7 and the positioning and conveying device 4. The whole shelling process can be divided into six stages. Through the design of the cylindrical cam 52 and the outer profile cam 71, the locking of the adaptive clamp and the advancement, retention and retraction of the push rod corresponding to different stages are completed. In the first stage, the cylindrical cam 52 has no effect on the cam push rod 51, the cam push rod 51 and the left adaptive clamp 54 are in the initial position, and the left adaptive clamp 54 and the right adaptive clamp 57 are both in the non-self-locking state. At this time, the single walnut conveyed by the positioning and conveying device 4 is located between the left adaptive clamp 54 and the right adaptive clamp 57. Under ideal conditions, , due to the action of the positioning and conveying device 4, the longitudinal axis of the conveyed walnut is parallel to the extrusion direction of the shell breaking device 4, and the shell breaking device 5 continues to rotate and enters the next stage; in the second stage, the cylindrical cam 52 starts to act on the cam push rod 51, and the cam push rod 51 drives the left adaptive clamp 54 to advance to the right, and the walnut is clamped between the left adaptive clamp 54 and the right adaptive clamp 57. The single walnut is taken out, and the left adaptive clamp 54 and the right adaptive clamp 57 are both in an un-self-locking state, and the shell breaking device 5 continues to rotate and enters the next stage; in the third stage, the cylindrical cam 52 continues to act on the cam push rod 51, and the position of the cam push rod 51 and the left adaptive clamp 54 is obtained. In order to maintain, the left adaptive clamp 54 and the right adaptive clamp 57 complete the adaptive profiling wrapping of a single walnut, and the left adaptive clamp 54 and the right adaptive clamp 57 enter a self-locking state under the action of the locking device 7. At this time, the shape and compression stroke of the pin 545 remain unchanged, and the shell breaking device 5 continues to rotate and enters the next stage; in the fourth stage, the cylindrical cam 52 continues to act on the cam push rod 51, and the cam push rod 51 drives the left adaptive clamp 54 to continue to advance to the right. At this time, the left adaptive clamp 54 and the right adaptive clamp 57 in the self-locking state squeeze the longitudinal axis direction of the walnut. Under the action of the adaptive profiling wrapping of the clamp, the extruded and crushed area of ​​the walnut is Different from the traditional single-point or multi-point extrusion, under the premise of controlling the extrusion stroke, that is, controlling the second section of the push rod's advancement distance, the walnut is subjected to a more intensive extrusion similar to a facing force, at this time the walnut crushing effect will be greatly improved, the whole kernel rate and high-kernel rate of the shell breaker will be significantly improved, and the shell breaking device 5 continues to rotate and enters the next stage; in the fifth stage, the cylindrical cam 52 continuously acts on the cam push rod 51, and the cam push rod 51 drives the left adaptive clamp 54 to retreat to the left, and the left adaptive clamp 54 and the right adaptive clamp 57 remain in a self-locking state under the action of the locking device 7, and the single walnut extrusion shelling is completed, and the shell breaking device 5 continues to rotate and enters the next stage;In the sixth stage, the cylindrical cam 52 continuously acts on the cam push rod 51, and the cam push rod 51 drives the left adaptive clamp to return to the initial position. Under the joint action of the locking device 7 and the reset spring 548, the self-locking state of the left adaptive clamp 54 and the right adaptive clamp 57 is released, and the pin 545 also returns to the initial state. The shell breaking device 5 continues to rotate, and the positioning conveying device 4 takes the broken walnuts away from the shell breaking device 5. After the positioning conveying device 4 is transported to the designated position, under the action of gravity, the broken walnuts fall into the collecting trough connector 73, then slide into the collecting trough 8, and finally fall into the discharge hopper 9, and a complete working process of the whole machine is completed. ;

[0071] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0072] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An adaptive wrapping, profiling, extruding, deep-grained walnut shelling machine, characterized by: The machine comprises a shell (1), a feed hopper (2), a frame (3), a positioning and conveying device (4), a shell breaking device (5), a power device (6), a locking device (7), a collecting trough (8) and a discharge hopper (9); the frame (3) comprises a pair of L-shaped brackets (32) and a frame (31) installed between the pair of L-shaped brackets (32); sheet metal parts are fixed around the frame (31) to form the shell (1); The feed hopper (2) is embedded in the front part of the frame (31); the positioning and conveying device (4) is arranged inside the frame (31) and the conveying port of the positioning and conveying device (4) is located directly below the discharge port of the feed hopper (2); both ends of the shell breaking device (5) are fixed to the outer shell (1) through a circular plate (12); the power device (6) is installed at the bottom of the frame (31) and is transmission-connected to the shell breaking device (5); the locking device (7) half-wraps the shell breaking device (5) and is arranged concentrically and both ends of the locking device (7) are respectively fixed to the circular plates (12) on both sides of the outer shell (1); the collecting trough (8) is located inside the frame (31) and the upper end is fixed to the locking device (7); and the discharge hopper (9) is fixed below the frame (31) and is located directly below the lower end of the collecting trough (8).

2. The self-adaptive wrapping, profiling, extruding and deep-grained walnut shelling machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shell breaking device (5) comprises a cam push rod (51), a cylindrical cam (52), a left support plate (53), a left adaptive clamp (54), a left fixed plate (55), a right fixed plate (56), a right adaptive clamp (57), a right support plate (58) and a main shaft (59). The cylindrical cam (52), the left support plate (53), the left fixed plate (55), the right fixed plate (56) and the right support plate (58) are arranged on the main shaft (59) from left to right in sequence. The two ends of the main shaft (59) are respectively fixed on the mounting seats of the circular plates (12) on both sides of the shell (1), and the transmission driving sprocket (46) is located between the left fixed plate (55) and the right fixed plate (56); the left support plate (53) is connected to the left fixed plate (55) through the left adaptive clamp (54), and the right fixed plate (56) is connected to the right support plate (58) through the right adaptive clamp (57); the push rod end of the cam push rod (51) passes through the through hole of the left support plate (53) and is connected to the left adaptive clamp (54), and the cam roller of the cam push rod (51) fits in the groove of the cylindrical cam (52); the number of the cam push rods (51) is the same as the number of the left adaptive clamps (54) and is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

3. The self-adaptive wrapping, profiling, extruding and deep-grained walnut shelling machine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The left self-adaptive clamp (54) comprises a locking cam roller (541), a clamp housing (542), a telescopic spring (543), a limiting hole plate (544), a pin (545), a locking push rod (546), a limiting rectangular plate (547) and a return spring (548); the two ends of the locking cam roller (541) are connected to the upper ends of the two locking push rods (546) through nuts; One end of the telescopic spring (543) is fixed on the limiting orifice plate (544), and the other end of the telescopic spring (543) is connected to one end of the pin (545). The other end of the pin (545) passes through the through hole of the end plate of the clamp housing (542). The open end of the clamp housing (542) is fixedly connected to the limiting orifice plate (544), and the telescopic spring (543) is limited between the limiting orifice plate (544) and the pin (545).

4. The self-adaptive wrapping, profiling, extruding and deep-grained walnut shelling machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The pin (545) is composed of a plurality of pin unit arrays, and the telescopic spring (543) is composed of a plurality of telescopic spring unit arrays. The pin units and the telescopic spring units are the same in number and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and a gap is left between every two adjacent pin units; the cross section of the locking portion of the pin (545) is a regular hexagon composed of all the pin unit arrays; A single pin unit comprises an inner pin (545-1) and an outer pin (545-2), wherein the outer pin (545-2) comprises a regular hexagonal body section and a cylindrical body section, and the cylindrical body section is closed by a ball head; one end of the inner pin (545-1) is inserted into the regular hexagonal body section of the outer pin (545-2), and the other end is inserted into the telescopic spring (543).

5. The self-adaptive wrapping, profiling, extruding and deep-grained walnut shelling machine according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The lower end of the locking push rod (546) is serrated and contacts the side of the regular hexagonal body segment of the outer needle (545-2). The locking push rod (546) passes through the limiting rectangular plate (547) and the return spring (548) from bottom to top in sequence. The limiting rectangular plate (547) is fixed on the clamp housing (542).

6. The self-adaptive wrapping, profiling, extruding and deep-grained walnut shelling machine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The positioning and conveying device (4) comprises a transverse brush roller (41), a longitudinal brush roller (42), an aluminum block (43), a transmission chain (44), a transmission driven sprocket (45) and a transmission driving sprocket (46); the transmission driven sprocket (45) is fixed to a mounting seat on the side of the shell (1) through a shaft rod; the transmission driving sprocket (46) is sleeved on the main shaft (59) of the shell breaking device (5) to achieve linkage; the motor end of the transverse brush roller (41) and the electrode end of the longitudinal brush roller (42) are both installed on the feed hopper (2); the axis of the transverse brush roller (41) is perpendicular to the plane where the positioning and conveying device (4) is located, and the axis of the longitudinal brush roller (42) is parallel to the plane where the positioning and conveying device (4) is located; a cavity (47) for accommodating a walnut is formed between two adjacent aluminum blocks (43); The aluminum block (43) comprises a fixed block (431), a rotating block (434) and an adjusting spring (433); the fixed block (431) is interference-fitted with inner and outer chain link plates of a transmission chain (44) via a pin shaft (432); the rotating block (434) is hinged on the fixed block (431); one end of the adjusting spring (433) is fixed on a cylindrical protrusion of the fixed block (431) and the other end is fixed on a cylindrical protrusion of the rotating block (434), thereby realizing elastic connection between the fixed block (431) and the rotating block (434).

7. The self-adaptive wrapping, profiling, extruding and deep-grained walnut shelling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking device (7) comprises an outer profile cam (71), a support plate (72), a material collecting trough connecting piece (73), a fixed shaft rod (74) and a fixing bolt (75); the outer surface of the outer profile cam (71) is connected to the support plate (72); a through hole is formed on the support plate (72); there are two fixed shaft rods (74), both of which pass through the through hole of the support plate (72); the two ends of each fixed shaft rod (74) are respectively fixed to the two circular plates (12) by fixing bolts (75), so that the locking device (7) is fixed in both axial and circumferential directions; the material collecting trough connecting piece (73) is embedded in the notch (76) on the outer profile cam (71).

8. The self-adaptive wrapping, profiling, extruding and deep-grained walnut shelling machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner side of the collecting trough connecting piece (73) is higher than the inner surface of the outer profile cam (71), the width of the collecting trough connecting piece (73) corresponds to the notch (76) of the outer profile cam (71), the collecting trough connecting piece (73) is fixed on the outer profile cam (71), the inner diameter of the collecting trough connecting piece (73) is slightly larger than the gap distance between the left fixed plate (55) and the right fixed plate (56), and the collecting trough connecting piece (73) partially surrounds the gap between the left fixed plate (55) and the right fixed plate (56).

9. The self-adaptive wrapping, profiling, extruding and deep-grained walnut shelling machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner surface of the outer profile cam (71) comprises two inclined surfaces at the beginning and the end and five curved surfaces between the two inclined surfaces. The inclined surfaces and the curved surfaces are smoothly connected.

10. The self-adaptive wrapping, profiling, extruding and deep-grained walnut shelling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power device (6) comprises a driven sprocket (61), a tensioning sprocket (62), a transmission chain (63), a driving sprocket (64), a reducer (65) and an electric motor (66). The driven sprocket (61) is fixed on a left support plate (53) in the shell breaking device (5). The shell breaking device (5) is a whole body that rotates around an axis. The transmission driving sprocket (46) in the positioning conveying device (4) is fixed coaxially with the shell breaking device (5); the tensioning sprocket (62) is fixed to a bearing seat of the housing (1) through a shaft rod; the driving sprocket (64) located in the transmission chain to tension the transmission chain (63) is fixed to the output shaft of the reducer (65), so that the power is transmitted from the output shaft of the reducer (65) to the shell breaking device (5); the electric motor (66) is connected to the reducer (65), and the reducer (65) reduces the speed and increases the torque of the power output by the electric motor (66).

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