Soil-rock separation intelligent control method based on gradually increased impact force and soil preparation equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of soil body crushing and soil-rock separation, in particular to a soil-rock separation intelligent control method based on gradually-increased impact force and soil preparation equipment, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, establishing a soil body crushing strength database based on early-stage experimental data; s2, acquiring a soil body type, and calling a crushing strength interval of the soil body type from the database; and S3, initial impact force and increasing step lengths of different soil body types are set according to the crushing strength interval, and the increasing step lengths are used for carrying out crushing treatment and soil-stone separation on the soil bodies. By utilizing the crushing strength difference between the soil body and the stone, the soil body is accurately crushed and the stone is separated through a step-by-step increasing impact force adjusting strategy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil crushing and soil-rock separation, and in particular to an intelligent control method for soil-rock separation based on gradually increasing impact force and soil preparation equipment. Background Art

[0002] The geological conditions of frozen soil in the Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor are complex. Before carrying out relevant engineering construction, detailed geological surveys and geotechnical tests are often required to clarify the soil properties at different depths in each region and provide a basis for engineering construction and design. When conducting relevant reshaped soil indoor experiments, the soil samples obtained by on-site drilling need to be dried and reshaped to prepare experimental soil samples. However, the drying and reshaping of the original soil requires manual soil smashing, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive and inefficient. In addition, since the dried soil samples are often mixed with soil and rocks, the traditional electric hydraulic soil smashing device has great strength, which can easily smash some stones and mix them with soil samples, change the original particle grading of the soil samples, and affect the accuracy of the experiment. This device can determine the energy required for crushing according to the on-site drilling sampling data and the soil properties, and determine the height of the soil crushing hammer. Since the strength of soil samples and stones is different, the height of the soil crushing hammer can be controlled to achieve soil sample smashing without smashing stones, so as to achieve soil and rock separation.

[0003] In the process of infrastructure construction, such as road construction and foundation treatment, it is usually necessary to crush the soil and separate the stones. In traditional construction methods, the separation of soil and stones usually relies on manual operation, which is inefficient and difficult to accurately control. Especially under complex geological conditions, the construction process is more time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0004] For example, a Chinese invention patent with announcement number CN113899630A proposes a method for evaluating multi-scale crushing parameters of hard rock in a dynamic and static external load temperature and pressure coupling environment. The method includes selecting hard rock corresponding to the real deep stratum, using a high-temperature heating and cooling treatment device, a new multi-field coupled rock dynamic mechanics testing device, and a digital image correlation method to characterize the multi-field stress environment of hard rock during the crushing process, and analyzing the influence of temperature parameters, mechanical dynamic loads and pre-static load parameters on the multi-scale crushing mechanics and energy dissipation characteristics of the rock itself. This evaluation method comprehensively considers the rock crushing mechanics analysis under various conditions such as alternating large temperature difference, dynamic and static external loads, and confining pressure environment, obtains the strength factors of different crushing modes, analyzes the evolution law of crushing strength and the response law of crushing energy consumption, and establishes the dynamic crushing criterion of hard rock under the coupling of large temperature difference alternating load-dynamic external load-pre-static load.

[0005] Although the prior art has proposed improvements to the crushing method, the crushing of soil mainly depends on its shear strength and compressive strength, while the compressive strength of stone is much higher than that of soil, so a method that can directly achieve soil-rock separation is needed. Therefore, when crushing soil, if the impact force can be accurately controlled so that it is greater than the crushing strength of the soil but less than the crushing strength of the stone, the soil can be crushed and the stone can be retained, thereby achieving the purpose of efficient soil-rock separation. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides an intelligent control method for soil-rock separation based on gradually increasing impact force and soil preparation equipment, which utilizes the difference in crushing strength between soil and stone and adopts a step-by-step increasing impact force adjustment strategy to accurately crush the soil and separate the stone.

[0007] In order to achieve the above objectives, the following technical solutions are proposed: A soil-rock separation intelligent control method based on gradually increasing impact force comprises the following steps: S1: Establish soil crushing strength database based on previous experimental data; S2: Acquire the soil type, and retrieve the crushing strength range of the soil type from the database; S3: setting the initial impact force and the incremental step length for different soil types according to the crushing strength range, wherein the incremental step length is used to crush the soil and separate the soil and rocks.

[0008] Preferably, the database includes soil type, crushing strength range, cohesion, internal friction angle, normal stress range corresponding to crushing strength, impact force normal stress range, and initial height of the breaker falling.

[0009] Preferably, the incremental step size is calculated according to the incremental series and the crushing strength interval, and is determined by the soil type and classification principle, and the classification principle includes: Set the initial incremental step size, and calculate whether the target strength can be reached within the expected number of steps according to the crushing strength range and the initial incremental step size. If it is insufficient, adjust the incremental step size, that is, divide the crushing strength range into N levels evenly, repeat crushing M times at each level, and if the crushing effect is not achieved, enter the next level crushing program until the target strength is reached. N and M are positive integers greater than 1.

[0010] Preferably, the increasing order is determined according to the crushing strength interval.

[0011] Preferably, step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31: Identify the current soil type, and set the initial drop height of the breaker and the corresponding initial impact force according to the lower limit of the crushing strength range; S32: Set the incremental step length, and crush the soil according to the initial impact force. Each impact force increases according to the incremental step length. If the soil cannot be crushed, increase the drop height of the breaker according to the incremental series of different soil types; gradually increase the impact force according to the incremental series of different soil types until it is detected that the soil is crushed but the stones remain intact.

[0012] Preferably, the step-by-step process is guided by the Mohr-Coulomb criterion.

[0013] Based on the same concept, a soil preparation device for soil-rock separation based on gradually increasing impact force is also proposed, including a processor and a soil crushing device; the processor and the soil crushing device obtain the incremental step lengths of different soil types according to any of the above-mentioned soil-rock separation intelligent control methods based on gradually increasing impact force.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the method of the present invention can utilize the difference in crushing strength between soil and stone, and can accurately crush the soil and separate the stone through a step-by-step increasing impact force adjustment strategy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a soil-rock separation and soil preparation equipment and its intelligent control method based on gradually increasing impact force in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with test examples and specific implementation methods. However, this should not be understood as the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0017] Example 1 An intelligent control method for soil-rock separation based on gradually increasing impact force and soil preparation equipment, the flow chart is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: S1: Establish soil crushing strength database based on previous experimental data; S2: Acquire the soil type, and retrieve the crushing strength range of the soil type from the database; S3: setting the initial impact force and the incremental step length for different soil types according to the crushing strength range, wherein the incremental step length is used to crush the soil and separate the soil and rocks.

[0018] As a specific embodiment, in order to achieve accurate crushing of different types of soil, the present invention first establishes a soil crushing strength database based on experimental data. The database contains the crushing strength range, shear strength, and other data of different types of soil (such as clay, sand, silty soil, etc.). t , Cohesion c, internal friction angle Φ and other key information. The database can be obtained through experimental measurement and updated regularly to adapt to soils under different geological conditions.

[0019] In long-term experiments and engineering practices, the crushing strength of different soil materials (such as clay, silt, sand, gravel, etc.) will vary within a certain range, which is mainly related to factors such as soil moisture content, density, and particle composition. In order to optimize the performance of crushing equipment, a database containing different soil properties and their corresponding crushing strength ranges can be established through preliminary experimental data.

[0020] Contents of the database: Soil type: such as clay, sandy soil, silty soil, etc.

[0021] Crushing strength range: Based on experimental data, for each soil material, record the reasonable range of its crushing strength. For example, the crushing strength of a certain clay may be between 200kPa and 300kPa.

[0022] Other material parameters: Cohesion c , internal friction angle Φ and other key physical parameters are used to determine the crushing conditions.

[0023] The establishment of this database can help the equipment automatically identify soil types and gradually adjust the impact force according to the crushing strength range of that type, thereby achieving step-by-step crushing.

[0024] How to create a database: The core of the database is to record the crushing characteristic parameters of different soil types. Through experiments or literature data collection, the crushing strength range, cohesion, internal friction angle and other characteristic parameters are set for each soil type, and these data are stored in a structured manner. The following are the main contents of the database: Soil Type: The name or category of soil (e.g. clay, sand, gravel, etc.).

[0025] Crushing strength range: The strength range (in kPa) required for soil to break when subjected to impact force.

[0026] Cohesion c : The bonding force between soil particles, used to calculate shear strength (unit: kPa).

[0027] Internal friction angle Φ: The internal friction coefficient of the soil, used to determine the soil's ability to resist shear failure.

[0028] Step length: In order to gradually increase the impact force, the incremental step length can be determined according to the soil type (the incremental step length refers to the incremental size of the crushing impact force, which is the unit of force N).

[0029] The database table is shown in Table 1. Table 1 Soil crushing strength database

[0030] Note: The normal stress range corresponding to the crushing strength is calculated based on the Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion theoretical formula. The formula is as follows: τ=c+σ·tan Φ in, t is the shear stress of the soil, c is the cohesion of the soil, s is the normal stress, and Φ is the internal friction angle of the soil.

[0031] In practical applications, the equipment adjusts the external normal stress s , gradually increase the impact force, and convert normal stress into shear stress to achieve soil crushing.

[0032] In the above table, each row represents a soil type and its characteristics. Based on these characteristics, the system can determine the initial impact height and the incremental step size. For example, for clay, since the normal stress corresponding to its crushing strength is high and the range is wide, the initial height is set high to ensure that sufficient impact force is achieved in fewer steps.

[0033] The above database is established by creating a CSV file. The specific method is as follows: import csv # Define a soil database, including soil types and their crushing strength ranges, cohesion and internal friction angles soil_database = [ {"soil_type": "clay", "cohesion": 20, "friction_angle": 25, "crushing_range_min": 200, "crushing_range_max": 500}, {"soil_type": "sandy_soil", "cohesion": 10, "friction_angle": 30, "crushing_range_min": 150, "crushing_range_max": 400}, {"soil_type": "gravel", "cohesion": 5, "friction_angle": 35, "crushing_range_min": 300, "crushing_range_max": 600}, {"soil_type": "loam", "cohesion": 15, "friction_angle": 28, "crushing_range_min": 100, "crushing_range_max": 300} ] # soil_type: Soil type. This field is used to identify the type of each soil, such as "clay", "sandy_soil", "gravel" and "loam".

[0034] # cohesion: Cohesion. This is the physical and chemical attraction between soil particles. The larger the value, the stronger the bond between soil particles. For example, clay has a cohesion of 20, the highest of all soil types, while gravel has the lowest cohesion of 5.

[0035] # friction_angle: Angle of internal friction. This is the angle between soil particles that resist shear forces due to friction. The larger the internal friction angle, the stronger the soil's ability to resist shear deformation. For example, gravel has an internal friction angle of 35 degrees, the highest of the four soils, indicating that it is the most difficult to be sheared.

[0036] # crushing_range_min and crushing_range_max: Crushing strength interval. These two parameters define the minimum and maximum pressure ranges at which soil particles begin to crush when subjected to pressure. This range is very important for understanding the behavior of soils when subjected to compaction or other mechanical actions. For example, the crushing strength interval of clay is 200 to 500, meaning that within this pressure range, clay particles may begin to crush.

[0037] # Define the function to export to CSV file defexport_to_csv(data, filename="soil_database.csv"): # Get the field name (column name) fieldnames = data[0].keys() # Open the file and write data with open(filename, mode="w", newline='') as file: writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames=fieldnames) # Write to the header writer.writeheader() # Write data for row in data: writer.writerow(row) print(f"Database exported to {filename} successfully.") # Export soil database to CSV file export_to_csv(soil_database) Furthermore, the equipment identifies the type of soil to be processed through sensors or manual input, and retrieves the crushing strength range of the soil from the database. The intelligent control system sets the initial impact force according to the crushing strength range, and achieves soil crushing through a step-by-step strategy.

[0038] The main process of the intelligent control system is as follows: Material identification: Identify the current soil type through sensor detection or manual input.

[0039] Set initial impact force: Set the initial drop height of the hammer according to the lower limit of crushing strength in the database h 0 and the corresponding initial impact force.

[0040] Gradually increase the impact force: If the first impact fails to break the soil, the equipment will automatically increase the falling height of the hammer step by step, gradually increasing the impact force until the soil is broken.

[0041] Intelligent feedback control: The equipment monitors the soil crushing in real time. When it detects that the soil is broken but the rocks remain intact, the equipment automatically stops increasing the impact force.

[0042] Soil-rock separation utilizes the difference in crushing strength between soil and stone. Specifically: 1. Gradually increase the crushing of soil: The equipment gradually increases the impact force according to the crushing strength range of the soil. When the crushing strength of the soil reaches the critical value, the soil is crushed.

[0043] 2. Retain stones: Since the crushing strength of stones is much higher than that of soil, the equipment will control the impact force to stop within the range of soil crushing without further increasing the crushing strength of stones. Therefore, the stones remain intact and the soil is crushed, achieving the purpose of separation.

[0044] 3. Adjust the crushing strength of different materials: The equipment can flexibly adjust the crushing parameters according to the actual geological conditions to adapt to the combination of different soil and stones.

[0045] 4. Intelligent feedback and control: When the device detects that the soil has been broken, it will stop increasing the impact force, thus realizing intelligent control. If the crushing strength is not reached, the device will continue to increase the falling height of the hammer or the impact energy until the soil is broken.

[0046] 5. Feedback mechanism: After the device detects that the soil is broken, it stops increasing the impact force and enters the next crushing cycle. If stones or materials with higher hardness are detected, the system will automatically adjust the impact force to avoid unnecessary crushing of the stones.

[0047] Specifically, the crushing strength of the soil will vary depending on its type (such as clay, sand, gravel, etc.). In order to achieve accurate step-by-step impact force control, a reasonable incremental level is set for different soil types based on the crushing strength range pre-recorded in the database. The following are the detailed steps: 1) Set the initial impact force By reading the soil type in the database, the system can obtain the lower limit of the crushing strength of the soil type and set the initial impact force according to the lower limit. h 0 is usually set low to ensure that the impact force does not exceed the required crushing threshold, thereby reducing the risk of stone damage.

[0048] 2) Setting the incremental step size According to the crushing strength range of the soil, the equipment determines the appropriate incremental steps. If the soil crushing strength range is wide, the equipment will select a smaller incremental step; conversely, if the range is narrow, a larger incremental step will be selected to achieve the target crushing strength within a smaller number of steps. Common incremental step settings are as follows: ① For soil types with low strength and narrow crushing range such as clay, set a smaller incremental step size, increasing by 2-3 cm each time. (Note: refers to the lifting height of the breaker) ② For soil types with higher strength and wide crushing range, such as gravel, set a larger incremental step size, increasing by 5-7 cm each time.

[0049] 3) Gradual and incremental implementation After the initial impact, the equipment detects the crushing effect in real time. If the soil has not reached the crushed state, the system gradually increases the impact height according to the set step length to adapt to the shear strength and compressive strength of the soil. The specific operation is as follows: ① Check whether the impact force reaches the lower limit of the crushing strength range.

[0050] ② If the soil has not been crushed, increase the impact force and repeat the test until the soil is detected to be broken.

[0051] ③ After each incremental impact force, the system records the height and impact force values, and compares them with the soil crushing strength range to ensure that the impact force gradually approaches the upper limit of soil crushing without exceeding the crushing threshold of stones.

[0052] 4) Incremental principle The device uses the Mohr-Coulomb criterion to guide the step-by-step process. The step-by-step height and corresponding impact force are calculated using the following formula: With each increase in height, the system increases the corresponding impact force F Smash it and check in real time whether the soil crushing strength range is reached.

[0053] 5) Example of increasing series process in intelligent control system ① The system reads the soil type, finds the crushing strength interval of that type, and sets the incremental step size according to the interval width. For example, a larger incremental step size (such as 7 cm) is set for a wide interval, and a smaller step size (such as 3 cm) is set for a narrow interval.

[0054] ② The system gradually increases the impact height from the initial height according to the set step length, and calculates the impact force corresponding to each height. The system will record the impact force value and compare it with the soil crushing strength range.

[0055] ③If the current impact force does not reach the crushing threshold of the soil, the system will continue to increase the impact height until the impact force reaches the crushing strength range and keeps the stone intact.

[0056] ④ Once the soil is broken, the system will stop increasing and output operation records, such as final height, impact force, etc.

[0057] ⑤ In this way, through the gradual increase of the impact force adjustment, the system can accurately control the crushing process, adapt to the characteristics of different soil types, and ensure the effective separation of soil and rocks.

[0058] As a specific embodiment, it is usually desired to achieve crushing within 20 impacts or less to improve equipment efficiency. According to the crushing strength range and the initial set step length, it is calculated whether the target strength can be achieved within the expected number of steps, and if it is insufficient, the step length is adjusted.

[0059] That is, the crushing intensity range is divided into 15 levels to determine the average step length. At the same time, each level is repeated 20 times. If the mass reduction of the soil-rock mixture is within 20% within 20 times, it is considered that the crushing effect has not been achieved and it is necessary to enter the next level of crushing procedure.

[0060] In the process of soil-rock separation, the equipment performs pounding and screening at the same time. The basis is as follows: Mechanical wear: The impact parts of the equipment will be subjected to greater stress in each operation, and frequent operation will accelerate the wear of the parts. If the number of operations is too many, the equipment needs to be maintained or replaced more frequently, increasing the operating cost. Therefore, by reducing the number of impacts, the service life of the equipment can be effectively extended.

[0061] Heat accumulation problem: Each impact will generate a certain amount of heat. If the number of consecutive impacts is too many, the components in the equipment may overheat, affecting normal operation and even causing safety hazards.

[0062] Empirical data: In the operating guides or actual applications of many soil crushing equipment, operators tend to complete the crushing operation within 10 to 20 impacts to avoid excessive wear and ensure efficient work. For example, the operating manuals of some construction machinery recommend split impacts to reduce equipment load, and within 20 impacts is a common practical reference.

[0063] Crushing efficiency: In actual engineering operations, 20 impacts are often considered a reasonable upper limit. This number can achieve the target crushing effect while maintaining equipment stability. Therefore, 20 times is used as an empirical upper limit standard.

[0064] Among them, the relationship between the impact force and the hammer height is as follows: The impact force of the hammer and its drop height h The impact force can be increased gradually by controlling the height of the hammer. F The smashing formula is:

[0065] in: m is the mass of the hammer, g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m / s²), h is the falling height of the hammer, Δ t It is the time when the speed of the hammer becomes 0 after it contacts the soil, simplified to 0.01s.

[0066] By gradually increasing h , the impact force can be gradually increased until the conditions for soil crushing are met.

[0067] F The smashing formula is based on the following: To calculate the impact force of a hammer dropped from different heights, you can use the principle of energy and momentum. Specifically, first calculate the speed of the hammer when it hits the ground, and then calculate the change in its momentum and the impact force. Here is the complete analysis and calculation process: 1. Calculate the speed when landing First, use the principle of converting gravitational potential energy into kinetic energy to calculate the speed of the hammer when it hits the ground. Ep It is completely converted into kinetic energy when it hits the ground E k : E p = mgh E k = mv 2 According to the law of conservation of energy: mgh = mv 2 in: m =3kg is the mass of the hammer, g =9.8 m / s 2 is the acceleration due to gravity, h is the height, v is the speed at landing, which can eliminate both sides of the equation m And solve v : v=

[0068] 2. Calculate the impact force Assume that the contact time between the hammer and the ground (impact time) is Δ t , impact force F It can be calculated using the momentum theorem: F =

[0069] where Δ p = mv﹣ 0= mv is the change in momentum (momentum after landing minus initial momentum).

[0070] For simplicity, assume that the hammer is at Δ t = Completely stop within 0.01s.

[0071] As a specific embodiment, assuming that the crushing strength of clay is 200-500 kPa, the maximum impact normal stress range is 386-1030 kPa. In order to fully crush the clay with the maximum strength, the impact normal stress range is set to 350-1050 kPa.

[0072] Assuming the mass of the breaker is 1 kg, according to the formula , the normal stress applied by the breaker can be calculated.

[0073] As a specific embodiment, the area A of the breaker surface is taken as the force bearing area, assuming A=10cm2 , according to the pressure calculation formula P = It can be seen that F The upper and lower limits are 350-1050 N respectively.

[0074] According to the grading principle, it is divided into 15 levels, namely 50N level 1, and the specific grading is as follows: 350,400,450,500,550,600,650,700,750,800,850,900,950,1000,1050. Depend on F The formula for smashing is that 350 N corresponds to an initial height of 61.25 cm. The required drop height for each level is calculated step by step to achieve step-by-step crushing.

[0075] According to the Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion, if the cohesion and internal friction angle of the soil are known, the normal stress corresponding to the unconfined crushing strength of the soil is σ=2c·cos Φ in, c is the cohesion of the soil, s is the normal stress corresponding to the unconfined crushing strength of the soil, and Φ is the internal friction angle of the soil.

[0076] As a specific embodiment, taking the soil samples taken from the Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor as an example, most of the mixed rock samples in the soil samples are weathered bedrock, so the weathered mudstone related data are taken here as an example of the implementation effect of the present invention.

[0077] Table 2 Soil crushing strength test data

[0078] Table 3 Stone crushing strength test data

[0079] It can be seen from Table 2 and Table 3 that the minimum crushing strength of the rock sample is much higher than the maximum crushing strength of the soil sample. Therefore, the method and equipment provided by the present invention can well achieve soil-rock separation.

[0080] The present invention realizes efficient operation of soil crushing and soil-rock separation through an intelligent control method of gradually increasing impact force. By establishing a soil crushing strength database and combining the Moore-Coulomb criterion, the equipment can accurately control the crushing process according to the difference in crushing strength between soil and stone, ensuring that the soil is crushed while the stone remains intact, greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of soil-rock separation.

[0081] By building a database of soil crushing strength and combining it with a gradually increasing impact force adjustment strategy, the equipment can achieve intelligent and precise soil crushing. In theory, through the crushing strength ranges of different soil types in the database, the equipment can automatically set and adjust the soil smashing strength so that the applied positive stress gradually increases until the critical value of soil crushing is reached, thereby achieving efficient soil-rock separation. This not only improves crushing efficiency, but also effectively reduces energy loss and equipment wear.

[0082] Finally, it should be noted that the embodiments described in detail above are only the best practices of the invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the invention. Equivalent replacement of the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments does not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and description of the invention.

Claims

1. A soil-rock separation intelligent control method based on gradually increasing impact force, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Establish soil crushing strength database based on previous experimental data; S2: Acquire the soil type, and retrieve the crushing strength range of the soil type from the database; S3: setting the initial impact force and the incremental step length for different soil types according to the crushing strength range, wherein the incremental step length is used to crush the soil and separate the soil and rocks.

2. The soil-rock separation intelligent control method based on gradually increasing impact force according to claim 1, characterized in that: The database includes soil type, crushing strength range, cohesion, internal friction angle, normal stress range corresponding to crushing strength, impact force normal stress range, initial height of breaker falling and incremental step length.

3. The soil-rock separation intelligent control method based on gradually increasing impact force as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The increment step length is calculated based on the increment series and the crushing intensity interval, and is determined by the soil type and classification principles. The classification principles include: Set the initial incremental step size, and calculate whether the target strength can be reached within the expected number of steps according to the crushing strength range and the initial incremental step size. If it is insufficient, adjust the incremental step size, that is, divide the crushing strength range into N levels evenly, repeat crushing M times at each level, and if the crushing effect is not achieved, enter the next level crushing program until the target strength is reached. N and M are positive integers greater than 1.

4. The soil-rock separation intelligent control method based on gradually increasing impact force as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The incremental level is determined according to the crushing strength interval.

5. The soil-rock separation intelligent control method based on gradually increasing impact force according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31: Identify the current soil type, and set the initial drop height of the breaker and the corresponding initial impact force according to the lower limit of the crushing strength range; S32: Set the incremental step length, and crush the soil according to the initial impact force. Each impact force increases according to the incremental step length. If the soil cannot be crushed, increase the drop height of the breaker according to the incremental series of different soil types; gradually increase the impact force according to the incremental series of different soil types until it is detected that the soil is crushed but the stones remain intact.

6. The soil-rock separation intelligent control method based on gradually increasing impact force according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of S3 is guided by the Mohr-Coulomb criterion.

7. A soil-rock separation and soil preparation equipment based on gradually increasing impact force, characterized in that: It comprises a processor and a soil crushing device; the processor and the soil crushing device obtain the incremental step length of different soil types according to the soil-rock separation intelligent control method based on gradually increasing impact force as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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