Process and apparatus for hobbing cutter manufacturing

Abstract

The invention discloses a rolling cutter manufacturing process and device, and belongs to the technical field of rolling cutters. The technology for manufacturing the hobbing cutter comprises the steps that S1, a cutter blank and cutter teeth are subjected to three-dimensional model input to a rotary lifting table, and a corresponding action path is generated; s2, a rotary lifting table and a cladding gun are started, and the rotary lifting table runs according to the action path generated in the S2; s2, a cladding gun carries out cladding and material adding on the position, inside the cutter tooth die, of the surface of the cutter blank, and cutter teeth are generated on the surface of the cutter blank, and S3, the surfaces of the cutter teeth formed in the S2 are ground; the device for manufacturing the hobbing cutter has the advantages that the manufacturing difficulty of the hobbing cutter is reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the hobbing cutter is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rolling cutters, in particular to a process and a device for manufacturing rolling cutters. Background Art

[0002] The rolling cutter is one of the core components of the pelletizer. It is mainly composed of a cutter body and cutter teeth. The cutter body is made of stainless steel and mainly plays a supporting and transmission role. The cutter teeth are evenly distributed on the surface of the cutter body in a micro-spiral shape and are made of special alloy materials. They are responsible for cutting. The cutter body and cutter teeth are combined into one by melting. The rolling cutter rotates at high speed when working. When the cut material passes through the rolling cutter, it is cut into particles by the high-speed rotating cutter teeth.

[0003] In the prior art, due to the harsh working conditions of the rolling cutter, a single material cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of rigidity, toughness, hardness, etc., so the cutter teeth and the cutter body are required to be fused with different types of alloys to form an integrated structure.

[0004] The teeth on the main working surface need to have high hardness, high wear resistance and long life. It is generally difficult to fuse alloy materials with such properties with the substrate, which can easily cause problems such as large stress, cracks, looseness and deformation. At the same time, it is difficult to effectively control the forming contour when such alloys are fused using conventional welding technology, so the groove contour needs to be processed in advance to limit it.

[0005] The fused blade tooth alloy has a high hardness. The hardness of the blade teeth with good performance is close to the hardness of common processing tools. It is difficult to process and requires the use of specially customized tools. It takes several times more man-hours than conventional processing to obtain the tooth profile. At the same time, due to the large-scale welding and fusion of the blade body and blade teeth in the early stage, a large amount of blade body and blade tooth materials are removed during processing. In order to prevent cracks and deformation, the requirements for personnel, technology, equipment, and testing during the processing are beyond the norm.

[0006] However, as a consumable part, the biggest difficulty in the manufacturing process of rolling cutters is to solve the contradiction between the benefits of high-hardness materials for improving tool performance and life, and the output ratio of high-hardness materials for subsequent forming and processing equipment, tools, processes, and personnel. In the case that conventional welding technology is difficult to reduce manufacturing costs and improve manufacturing efficiency, this application proposes a process and device for manufacturing rolling cutters. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that it is difficult to reduce the manufacturing cost of a rolling cutter by using conventional welding technology, and to propose a process and device for manufacturing a rolling cutter.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The process for manufacturing rolling cutters is as follows: S1. Carry out 3D modeling of the blade blank and blade teeth, input the 3D model into the rotary lifting platform, and generate the corresponding motion path; S2, start the rotary lifting platform and the cladding gun, and the rotary lifting platform runs according to the action path generated by S2; The cladding gun performs cladding and material addition on the position where the blade tooth mold is located inside and on the surface of the blade blank, and generates blade teeth on the surface of the blade blank; S3. Grind the tooth surface formed by S2.

[0009] Furthermore, in S2, the additive material is shaped by a cutter tooth die to obtain a cutter tooth having the same rough machining accuracy and surface quality.

[0010] Furthermore, in S2, the blade tooth mold and the blade blank move relative to each other along the growth direction of the blade teeth, and maintain sliding fit with the blade to continuously shape the blade teeth.

[0011] Furthermore, the action path of S1 includes a first path in which the rotary lifting platform moves simultaneously in the axial and circumferential directions of the blade blank according to the size of the blade teeth, and the action path also includes a second path in which the cladding gun moves back and forth in a horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the blade teeth from one end close to the blade blank to one end away from the blade blank.

[0012] A manufacturing device for a rolling cutter comprises a rotary lifting platform, through which a cutter blank is fixed; a baffle plate, through which the blade teeth are received; A knife tooth mold, through which the knife teeth are shaped; A cladding gun is used to form the cutter teeth by cladding between the rotary lifting platform, the baffle plate and the cutter tooth mold.

[0013] Furthermore, the baffle is located on one side of the rotary lifting platform and at the bottom of the blade teeth.

[0014] Furthermore, the knife tooth mold is located above the baffle, and one end of the knife tooth mold close to the rotary lifting platform is slidably fitted and connected to the circumferential side wall of the rotary lifting platform.

[0015] Furthermore, a knife groove having a cross section corresponding to the knife tooth is formed at one end of the knife tooth mold close to the rotary lifting platform, and the knife groove is a through groove opened at the top and the bottom.

[0016] Furthermore, a cooling structure is provided inside the knife tooth die.

[0017] Furthermore, the cooling structure includes a cooling cavity opened inside the blade tooth mold, and a refrigerant pipe connected to the cooling cavity.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a process and device for manufacturing a rolling cutter, which has the following beneficial effects: The present invention is used for the process of manufacturing a rolling cutter, in which a cladding additive is performed on a cutter blank to form cutter teeth, and the formed cutter teeth are shaped by a cutter tooth mold, thereby improving the dimensional accuracy of the formed cutter teeth. Compared with traditional 3D printing processing, the forming accuracy of the cutter teeth is significantly improved, and the later processing steps are reduced, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the rolling cutter.

[0019] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in part in the following description; and in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on an examination of the following; or, may be taught from the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement of part A; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-section effect of the middle blade tooth mold; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the rolling cutter structure in the prior art of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Blade blank; 2. Blade teeth; 201. Solidification zone; 202. Crystallization zone; 203. Melting zone; 3. Rotating lifting platform; 4. Baffle; 5. Blade tooth mold; 501. Blade groove; 6. Cladding gun; 7. Refrigerant pipe; 8. Cooling chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0023] Reference Figure 1-4 The present invention is used for the process of manufacturing a rolling cutter, and the steps are as follows: S1, three-dimensionally model the blade blank 1 and the blade teeth 2, input the three-dimensional model to the rotary lifting platform 3, generate a corresponding action path, and the rotary lifting platform 3 moves according to the action path to drive the blade blank 1 to perform corresponding actions; S2, start the rotary lifting platform 3 and the cladding gun 6 (the cladding gun is a cladding gun of a three-dimensional additive cladding processing center); The rotary lifting platform 3 drives the blade blank 1 to perform corresponding actions according to the action path generated by S2; The cladding gun 6 performs cladding and material addition on the inside of the blade tooth mold 5 and on the surface of the blade blank 1, generating blade teeth 2 on the surface of the blade blank 1. Since the cladding material itself is constrained by the shape of the blade tooth mold 5, the shape and size of the blade teeth 2 after forming correspond to the blade tooth mold 5, with higher precision.

[0024] Additive material composition: mainly composed of elements such as cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo) and iron (Fe).

[0025] The knife blank 1 is made of stainless steel.

[0026] S3, grinding the surface of the cutter tooth 2 formed by S2, specifically, performing contour grinding, edge grinding and other processing, so that the surface of the cutter tooth 2 meets the requirements of the finished product.

[0027] The corresponding The conventional process flow is: a. Processing cylindrical blade blanks; b. Processing longitudinal tooth grooves on the surface of cylindrical blade blank; c. Overlay the alloy material in the tooth groove until the groove is filled; d. Milling (rough milling) the blade blank to remove non-alloy materials and form a rough tooth surface; e. Carry out fine milling on the cutter teeth to meet the tooth profile requirements; f. The cutter teeth will be ground to further improve accuracy and surface roughness.

[0028] The 3D printing process is: A. Design a three-dimensional solid model of the blade blank 1 and the blade teeth 2; B. Slice the model and generate a corresponding scanning path from the cross-sectional data. The scanning path is input into a 3D printer, and the 3D printer prints the blade teeth 2 layer by layer on the surface of the blade blank 1; C. Rough turning and rough grinding are performed on the formed cutter teeth 2 to improve the surface accuracy of the cutter teeth 2; D. Finely grind the cutter tooth 2 to meet the finished product requirements.

[0029] Compared with the conventional process and 3D printing process mentioned above, this process reduces the following steps: ① Processing of the blade blank 1 in the conventional process; ② In the 3D printing process, the model is sliced ​​and the corresponding scanning path is generated from the cross-sectional data.

[0030] ③ Reduced rough turning and rough grinding.

[0031] This significantly reduces the time cost, labor cost, material cost, and equipment cost in the manufacturing process.

[0032] In S2 of this process, during the process of the cladding material changing from a molten state to a crystallized state and then to a solidified state, the blade tooth 2 is cooled at an accelerated speed to increase the forming speed of the blade tooth 2 and reduce the forming time.

[0033] The action path of S1 includes a first path in which the rotary lifting platform 3 moves simultaneously along the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the blade blank 1 according to the size of the blade teeth 2 .

[0034] Specifically, the rotary lifting platform 3 moves along the axial direction of the blade blank 1, so that the cladding material grows in the blade groove 501 along the axial direction of the blade blank 1 (the axial direction of the blade blank 1 is also the vertical direction of the blade tooth 2), and the rotary lifting platform 3 moves along the circumferential direction of the blade blank 1 (the circumferential direction of the blade blank 1 is also the lateral direction of the blade tooth 2), so that the cladding material grows in the blade groove 501 along the circumferential direction of the blade blank 1.

[0035] The action path also includes a second path in which the cladding gun 6 cyclically reciprocates from one end close to the blade blank 1 to the other end away from the blade blank 1 in the horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the blade tooth 2. Since the cladding material mainly forms a thin layer structure with a certain thickness under the first path, the cladding gun 6 reciprocates close to and away from the blade blank 1 during the action along the second path, so that the cladding material can protrude outward from the surface of the blade blank 1 to form the blade tooth 2.

[0036] A manufacturing device for a rolling cutter comprises a rotating lifting platform 3, a blade blank 1 is fixed by the rotating lifting platform 3, the blade blank 1 is a cylindrical stainless steel structure, the blade blank 1 is axially vertical, and drives the blade blank 1 to perform lifting motion in the up-and-down direction and rotating motion in the circumferential direction, so that the surface structure of the blade blank 1 moves in a spiral track; The baffle plate 4 receives the blade teeth 2 to support the uncrystallized additive material that is just beginning to be clad on the surface of the blade blank 1, thereby preventing the additive material from falling off; A knife tooth mold 5 is used to shape the knife teeth 2; In the 3D printing process, since both the substrate and the cladding material are in a molten state during the cladding process, even if the motion trajectory of the CNC system is error-free, the molten metal cannot form a completely consistent molten pool shape, resulting in the surface contour accuracy and roughness formed after cladding still not meeting the requirements for direct finishing. The excess of cladding material must be increased to ensure that the desired surface is finally obtained.

[0037] In this process, the shape of the molten material is constrained by a cutter tooth mold 5, which effectively controls the shape of the molten material and directly obtains a cutter tooth 2 equivalent to the rough machining accuracy and surface quality, which is several orders of magnitude higher than the 3D printing process, thereby omitting the subsequent rough machining process and directly performing fine machining, thereby reducing costs.

[0038] The cladding gun 6 is a cladding gun of a three-dimensional additive cladding processing center. The additive material is clad between the rotary lifting platform 3, the baffle 4, and the cutter tooth mold 5 through the cladding gun 6, and the cutter teeth 2 are formed after cooling.

[0039] The baffle 4 is located on one side of the rotary lifting platform 3 and at the bottom of the side wall of the blade teeth 2 and the blade blank 1. Specifically, during the processing, the blade blank 1 is on the rotary lifting platform 3, and the blade teeth 2 are located on the circumferential side wall of the blade blank 1. The baffle 4 is used to support the initial molten additive material so that the cladding material remains stable before being firmly connected to the blade blank 1.

[0040] The blade tooth mold 5 is located above the baffle 4, and one end of the blade tooth mold 5 close to the rotary lifting platform 3 is slidably fitted to the circumferential side wall of the rotary lifting platform 3. During the processing, as the blade blank 1 moves downward, the additive material used for the growth of the blade teeth 2 is accumulated upward, and the contact position between the blade tooth mold 5 and the blade blank 1 is constantly changing, and the two maintain a sliding fit along the growth direction of the blade teeth 2. The sliding connection between the blade tooth mold 5 and the blade blank 1 makes the growth trajectory of the blade teeth 2 on the surface of the blade blank 1 continuous, and the blade teeth 2 are continuously shaped by the blade tooth mold 5 until a single blade tooth 2 is completely formed.

[0041] A knife groove 501 having a cross section corresponding to the knife tooth 2 is formed at one end of the knife tooth mold 5 close to the rotary lifting platform 3 , and the knife groove 501 is a through groove opened up and down.

[0042] Specifically: 1) The blade blank 1 is vertically mounted on the rotating lifting platform 3, the blade tooth mold 5 is closely attached to the cylindrical surface of the blade blank 1, and the blade groove 501 and the blade blank 1 form a blade tooth-shaped space; The upper part of the tooth-shaped space is an inlet, and the lower part is an outlet. During processing, the cladding gun 6 clads the additive material from the inlet into the tooth-shaped space; The lower end surface of the blade blank 1 is flush with the lower end surface of the blade tooth mold 5, and a baffle 4 is installed at the outlet of the lower end of the blade tooth mold 5 to guide crystallization.

[0043] 2) The cladding gun 6 is started, and the cladding operation begins in the tooth-shaped space formed by the blade tooth mold 5 and the blade blank 1 to form a molten pool.

[0044] 3) After the molten pool is formed, the rotary lifting platform 3 drives the blade blank 1 to move downward and rotate.

[0045] 4) The movement of the blade blank 1 causes the molten pool to deepen in the tooth-shaped space. As the lower part of the molten pool gradually moves away from the heat source of the cladding gun 6, it gradually cools down, and the middle part begins to solidify and crystallize to form blade teeth; As the blade tooth mold 5 moves continuously relative to the blade blank 1, the molten pool also rises continuously, forming a continuous crystallization process until it reaches the upper end surface of the blade blank, and finally forms a complete blade tooth 2; Specifically, in this process, Figure 3 As shown, the blade 2 is divided from bottom to top into a solidification zone 201, a crystallization zone 202, and a melting zone 203; At the beginning of cladding, a tooth-shaped space with an opening at the top is formed between the baffle plate 4 and the knife groove 501, and the cladding gun 6 performs an additive operation from the top opening into the tooth-shaped space, accompanied by the lifting and rotating movement of the knife blank 1 (the baffle plate 4 and the knife blank 1 remain relatively stationary), and the movement of the cladding gun 6 away from the knife blank 1, so that the cladding gun 6 can spread the additive material all over the bottom of the tooth-shaped space, and at this time, the additive material in the molten state forms a molten zone 203; Then, as the blade blank 1 and the baffle 4 continue to descend, the additive material in the molten state gradually moves away from the cladding gun 6, and then crystallizes to form a crystallization zone 202, and finally solidifies to form a solidification zone 201; As the blade blank 1 and the baffle 4 continue to descend, in the blade tooth space, the solidification zone 201 located at the bottom of the blade groove 501 is supported, a crystallization zone 202 is formed above the solidification zone 201, and a melting zone 203 is formed above the crystallization zone, until the blade tooth 2 grows upward to be flush with the top of the blade blank 1.

[0046] 5) The tooth mold can be in the form of a single body, forming one tooth at a time, or multiple bodies distributed around the circumference, forming multiple teeth at a time.

[0047] A cooling structure for forced cooling can be provided inside the blade die 5, so as to achieve the effect of rapid crystallization and solidification of the cladding material through active cooling and heat dissipation.

[0048] Specifically, the cooling structure includes a cooling chamber 8 opened inside the blade tooth mold 5, and a refrigerant pipe 7 connected to the cooling chamber 8. There are two refrigerant pipes 7, and the two refrigerant pipes 7 are connected to the cooling chamber 8 from both ends of the cooling chamber 8. The cooling chamber 8 is located on the outside of the blade groove 501. Refrigerant is introduced into the cooling chamber 8 through the refrigerant pipe 7. The heat of the molten material is transferred to the refrigerant through the blade tooth mold 5 and is taken away by the refrigerant to achieve a cooling effect.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

[0050] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0051] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for manufacturing a rolling cutter, characterized in that: Here are the steps: S1, three-dimensionally modeling the blade blank (1) and the blade teeth (2), inputting the three-dimensional model into the rotary lifting platform (3), and generating a corresponding motion path; S2, starting the rotary lifting platform (3) and the cladding gun (6), and the rotary lifting platform (3) moves according to the motion path generated by S2; The cladding gun (6) performs cladding and material addition on a position located inside the blade tooth mold (5) and on the surface of the blade blank (1), thereby generating blade teeth (2) on the surface of the blade blank (1); S3, grinding the surface of the blade teeth (2) formed in S2.

2. The process for manufacturing a rolling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the additive material is shaped by a cutter tooth mold (5) to obtain a cutter tooth (2) having the same rough machining accuracy and surface quality.

3. The process for manufacturing a rolling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the blade tooth mold (5) and the blade blank (1) move relative to each other along the growth direction of the blade teeth (2), and maintain sliding contact with the blade blank (1), thereby continuously shaping the blade teeth (2).

4. The process for manufacturing a rolling cutter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The action path of S1 comprises a first path in which the rotary lifting platform (3) moves simultaneously in the axial and circumferential directions of the blade blank (1) according to the size of the blade teeth (2); The action path also includes a second path in which the cladding gun (6) cyclically reciprocates within the horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the blade teeth (2) from an end close to the blade blank (1) to an end away from the blade blank (1).

5. A manufacturing device for rolling cutters according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises a rotating lifting platform (3), through which the knife blank (1) is fixed; A baffle (4), through which the blade teeth (2) are received; A blade tooth mold (5), through which the blade teeth (2) are shaped; A cladding gun (6) is used to form the blade teeth (2) by cladding between the rotary lifting platform (3), the baffle plate (4) and the blade tooth mold (5).

6. The manufacturing device for rolling cutters according to claim 5, characterized in that: The baffle (4) is located on one side of the rotary lifting platform (3) and at the bottom of the blade teeth (2).

7. The device for manufacturing rolling cutters according to claim 5, characterized in that: The blade tooth mold (5) is located above the baffle (4), and one end of the blade tooth mold (5) close to the rotary lifting platform (3) is slidably fitted and connected to the circumferential side wall of the rotary lifting platform (3).

8. The device for manufacturing rolling cutters according to claim 6, characterized in that: A knife groove (501) having a cross section corresponding to the knife tooth (2) is formed on one end of the knife tooth mold (5) close to the rotary lifting platform (3); the knife groove (501) is a through groove opened at the top and the bottom.

9. The device for manufacturing rolling cutters according to claim 5, characterized in that: A cooling structure is provided inside the blade tooth die (5).

10. The device for manufacturing rolling cutters according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cooling structure comprises a cooling cavity (8) opened inside the blade tooth mold (5), and a refrigerant pipe (7) connected to the cooling cavity (8).

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