Underground self-generating permanent wireless pressure gauge

Abstract

The invention relates to an underground self-generating permanent wireless pressure gauge, which comprises a wireless communication short section, which comprises a wireless communication module, and the wireless communication module is used for data transmission; the power supply pup joint comprises a temperature difference power generation pup joint, a turbine power generation pup joint and a power supply management pup joint; a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a measurement control circuit are arranged in the measurement short section, and the measurement control circuit is connected to the wireless communication module, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor; the measurement control circuit is used for sending temperature data collected by the temperature sensor and pressure data collected by the pressure sensor to the ground through the wireless communication module. According to the wireless pressure gauge, the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor assembly and the micro generator are used for generating power to supply power to the electric device, the wireless pressure gauge can work for a long time, meanwhile, the wireless communication module is adopted for data transmission, a long cable does not need to be adopted, and better convenience and economical efficiency are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oilfield pressure measurement and control, and in particular to an underground self-generating permanent wireless pressure gauge. Background Art

[0002] In oil production, in order to understand the oil well environment and oil layer characteristics, the downhole environment and reservoir structure are often described by analyzing the downhole pressure data. It is of positive significance to use the pressure gauge to carry out dynamic production monitoring of oil wells, use the obtained pressure data to understand the formation parameters, verify the accuracy of dynamic analysis, and predict the production parameters such as oil well output and pressure. In this process, the longer the pressure measurement time, the more pressure collection points there are, and the more the data set can truly reflect the downhole pressure conditions. Therefore, under the requirement of completing the pressure measurement function, achieving long-term stable operation of the instrument is the future development direction.

[0003] The pressure gauges currently used are lowered into the well by steel wires and powered by batteries, so the instruments cannot work for a long time. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application provides an underground self-powered permanent wireless pressure gauge to solve the problem that the pressure gauge used in the existing oil field pressure measurement is powered by batteries, making the instrument unable to work permanently.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the inventor provides an underground self-generating permanent wireless pressure gauge, comprising:

[0006] A connector, the connector is used to connect the oil pipe;

[0007] A wireless communication short section, wherein the wireless communication short section includes a wireless communication module, and the wireless communication module is used for data transmission;

[0008] Power supply short section, the power supply short section includes a temperature difference power generation short section, a turbine power generation short section and a power supply management short section;

[0009] The thermoelectric power generation nipple comprises a thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component and a temperature difference generating device, the temperature difference generating device comprises a cold flow tube, the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component is arranged on the outer wall of the cold flow tube, the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component contacts the cold flow tube, and the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor contacts the external environment of the wireless pressure gauge;

[0010] The turbine power generation subsection comprises a turbine and a micro-generator, wherein the turbine is arranged in the cold flow pipe, and the turbine is transmission-connected to the micro-generator;

[0011] The power supply management short section includes a power management circuit, which is connected to the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component and the micro-generator, and is used to perform power management on the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component and the micro-generator;

[0012] A measuring nipple, wherein a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a measuring control circuit are arranged in the measuring nipple,

[0013] A temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is used to collect temperature data of the external environment of the wireless pressure gauge;

[0014] A pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is used to collect pressure data of the external environment of the wireless pressure gauge;

[0015] A measurement control circuit, wherein the measurement control circuit is connected to the wireless communication module, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor, and the measurement control circuit is used to send the temperature data collected by the temperature sensor and the pressure data collected by the pressure sensor to the ground through the wireless communication module;

[0016] A pressure inlet plug is used to connect the pressure environment with the pressure sensor.

[0017] In some embodiments, the cold flow pipe is inserted into the oil pipe through a connector sleeve.

[0018] In some embodiments, the cold flow pipe passes through the temperature difference power generation short section and the turbine power generation short section in sequence.

[0019] In some embodiments, the measurement control circuit is also used to disconnect the power supply of the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor through the power management circuit when entering the non-collection state during the collection task cycle, and start preheating at a preset time before entering the collection state.

[0020] In some embodiments, a battery is provided in the power management section, and the battery is connected to a power management circuit.

[0021] In some embodiments, the power management circuit includes:

[0022] An interleaved parallel Boost circuit, wherein the interleaved parallel Boost circuit is connected to a temperature difference power generation semiconductor component, and the interleaved parallel Boost circuit is used to boost and stabilize the output of the temperature difference power generation semiconductor component;

[0023] Buck-Boost step-up and step-down circuit, the Buck-Boost step-up and step-down circuit is used to step up and stabilize the output of the micro-generator

[0024] A bidirectional Buck-Boost circuit structure is connected to a battery and is used to control the discharge or charge of the battery.

[0025] In some embodiments, an adapter is also included, one end of which is connected to the power supply short section, and the other end of which is connected to the measurement short section.

[0026] In some embodiments, the measurement control circuit comprises:

[0027] A signal processing circuit, wherein a data terminal of the signal processing circuit is connected to a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor;

[0028] A signal sampling and acquisition circuit, wherein the signal sampling and acquisition circuit is connected to the signal processing circuit;

[0029] An analog-to-digital converter, wherein the analog-to-digital converter is connected to a signal sampling and acquisition circuit;

[0030] A microcontroller is connected to an analog-to-digital converter and a wireless communication module.

[0031] In some embodiments, the wireless communication module is an ultrasonic transmitter.

[0032] In some embodiments, the power management subsection includes:

[0033] A voltage conversion circuit, the voltage conversion circuit comprising:

[0034] A half-bridge DC-DC converter, wherein a voltage input terminal of the half-bridge DC-DC converter is connected to a power supply pipeline module;

[0035] A voltage feedback circuit, wherein a sampling end of the voltage feedback circuit is connected to an output end of a half-bridge DC-DC converter;

[0036] A current feedback circuit, wherein a sampling end of the current feedback circuit is connected to an output end of a half-bridge DC-DC converter;

[0037] An error amplifier, wherein a first input terminal of the error amplifier is connected to a reference voltage, and a second input terminal of the error amplifier is connected to a voltage feedback circuit;

[0038] An adder, wherein an input end of the adder is connected to an output end of the error amplifier and a current feedback circuit;

[0039] A comparator, wherein the comparator is connected to the adder;

[0040] A PFM / PWM controller, the PFM / PWM controller is connected to the comparator, and the PFM / PWM controller is used to output a PFM signal or a PWM signal according to the control information output by the comparator;

[0041] A half-bridge driving circuit, wherein a signal input end of the half-bridge driving circuit is connected to a PFM / PWM controller, and an output end of the half-bridge driving circuit is connected to a half-bridge DC-DC converter.

[0042] Different from the prior art, the above technical solution connects the wireless pressure gauge to the oil pipe through a connector. When the wireless pressure gauge detects the pressure of the oil well, the measurement control circuit collects the pressure data and temperature data of the oil well through the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, and then sends the collected pressure data and temperature data to the ground through the wireless communication module. The hot end of the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component is in contact with the external environment, and the cold end is in contact with the surface of the cold flow tube of the temperature difference generating device. Due to the temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end, the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component generates electricity, and the cold fluid in the cold flow tube also drives the turbine to rotate during the flow, thereby driving the micro-generator to generate electricity. The power management circuit can manage the power supply for electrical devices such as the wireless communication module and the measurement control circuit according to the power output of the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component and the power output of the micro-generator. By using the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component and the micro-generator to generate electricity and power the electrical devices, the wireless pressure gauge can work for a long time. At the same time, the wireless communication module is used for data transmission, and there is no need to use longer cables, which has better convenience and economy.

[0043] The above-mentioned records related to the invention content are only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to enable ordinary technicians in the field to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present application, and then implement it according to the text of the specification and the contents recorded in the drawings, and to make the above-mentioned purpose and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application easier to understand, the following is an explanation in combination with the specific implementation mode and drawings of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The drawings are only used to illustrate the principles, implementation methods, applications, characteristics and effects of the specific embodiments of the present application and other related contents, and shall not be considered as limitations of the present application.

[0045] In the drawings of the specification:

[0046] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of an underground self-generating permanent wireless pressure gauge according to a specific implementation method;

[0047] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a circuit principle of a power management circuit described in a specific implementation manner;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the power management circuit described in the specific implementation mode when the temperature difference power generation short section is powered alone;

[0049] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the power management circuit described in the specific implementation method when the temperature difference power generation short section, the turbine power generation short section and the battery are jointly powered

[0050] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a circuit principle when the power management circuit described in the specific implementation mode is used to jointly supply power to the temperature difference power generation short section and the turbine power generation short section and to charge the battery;

[0051] Figure 6 A timing diagram of a task collection cycle described in a specific implementation method;

[0052] Figure 7 A structural schematic diagram of the measurement control circuit described in the specific implementation method;

[0053] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a structure of a voltage conversion circuit described in a specific implementation manner;

[0054] Fig. 9 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a circuit principle of a pull-up resistor of a microcontroller described in a specific implementation manner.

[0055] The reference numerals in the above drawings are described as follows:

[0056] 1. Connector,

[0057] 2. Wireless communication short section,

[0058] 3. Temperature difference power generation short section,

[0059] 4. Thermoelectric power generation conductor assembly,

[0060] 5. Temperature difference generating device,

[0061] 6. Turbine generator short section,

[0062] 7. Turbine,

[0063] 8. Micro generators,

[0064] 9. Power supply management short section,

[0065] 10. Power management circuit,

[0066] 11. Battery,

[0067] 12. Adapter,

[0068] 13. Measurement control circuit,

[0069] 14. Temperature sensor,

[0070] 15. Pressure sensor,

[0071] 16. Inlet pressure plug,

[0072] 210. Interleaved parallel boost circuit,

[0073] 220, Buck-Boost step-up and step-down circuit,

[0074] 230. Bidirectional Buck-Boost circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] In order to explain in detail the possible application scenarios, technical principles, specific schemes that can be implemented, and the purposes and effects that can be achieved, the following is a detailed description of the specific embodiments listed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described herein are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0076] Reference to "embodiment" herein means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The term "embodiment" appearing in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it particularly limit its independence or association with other embodiments. In principle, in the present application, as long as there is no technical contradiction or conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way to form a corresponding implementable technical solution.

[0077] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms used in this document have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the use of relevant terms in this document is only for describing specific embodiments and is not intended to limit this application.

[0078] In the description of this application, the term "and / or" is an expression used to describe the logical relationship between objects, indicating that three relationships may exist, for example, A and / or B, which means: A exists, B exists, and A and B exist at the same time. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the objects before and after are in an "or" logical relationship.

[0079] In the present application, terms such as “first” and “second” are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship of quantity, priority or sequence between these entities or operations.

[0080] Without further limitations, in this application, the words "include", "comprises", "has" or other similar expressions used in the sentences are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. These expressions do not exclude the presence of additional elements in the process, method or product including the elements, so that the process, method or product including a series of elements may include not only those limited elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also include elements inherent to such process, method or product.

[0081] Similar to the understanding in the Examination Guidelines, in this application, expressions such as "greater than", "less than", "exceed" and the like are understood to exclude the number itself; expressions such as "above", "below", "within" and the like are understood to include the number itself. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means more than two (including two), and similar expressions related to "multiple" are also understood in this way, such as "multiple groups", "multiple times", etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited.

[0082] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, space-related expressions used, such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the specific embodiments or drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the specific embodiments of the present application or facilitating the reader's understanding, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or component must have a specific position, a specific orientation, or be constructed or operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0083] Unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms such as "install", "connect", "connect", "fix", "set", etc. used should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated setting; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For technicians in the technical field to which the present application belongs, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0084] See also Figure 1 This embodiment provides an underground self-generating permanent wireless pressure gauge, including:

[0085] A connector 1, wherein the connector 1 is used to connect an oil pipe;

[0086] A wireless communication subsection 2, wherein the wireless communication subsection 2 comprises a wireless communication module, and the wireless communication module is used for data transmission;

[0087] A power supply short section, wherein the power supply short section includes a temperature difference power generation short section 3, a turbine power generation short section 6 and a power supply management short section 9;

[0088] The thermoelectric power generation nipple 3 includes a thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component and a temperature difference generating device 5. The temperature difference generating device 5 includes a cold flow tube. The thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component is arranged on the outer wall of the cold flow tube. The cold end of the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component contacts the cold flow tube, and the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor contacts the external environment of the wireless pressure gauge.

[0089] The turbine power generation subsection 6 includes a turbine 7 and a micro-generator 8. The turbine 7 is arranged in the cold flow pipe, and the turbine 7 is transmission-connected to the micro-generator 8.

[0090] The power supply management short section 9 includes a power management circuit 10, which is connected to the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component and the micro-generator 8, and is used to perform power management on the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component and the micro-generator 8;

[0091] The measuring nipple is provided with a temperature sensor 14, a pressure sensor 15 and a measuring control circuit 13.

[0092] A temperature sensor 14, wherein the temperature sensor 14 is used to collect temperature data of the external environment of the wireless pressure gauge;

[0093] A pressure sensor 15, wherein the pressure sensor 15 is used to collect pressure data of the external environment of the wireless pressure gauge;

[0094] A measurement control circuit 13, wherein the measurement control circuit 13 is connected to the wireless communication module, the temperature sensor 14 and the pressure sensor 15, and the measurement control circuit 13 is used to send the temperature data collected by the temperature sensor 14 and the pressure data collected by the pressure sensor 15 to the ground through the wireless communication module;

[0095] The pressure inlet plug 16 is used to connect the pressure environment with the pressure sensor 15.

[0096] The wireless pressure gauge is connected to the oil pipe through the connector 1. When the wireless pressure gauge detects the pressure of the oil well, the measurement control circuit 13 collects the pressure data and temperature data of the oil well through the pressure sensor 15 and the temperature sensor 14, and then sends the collected pressure data and temperature data to the ground through the wireless communication module. The hot end of the temperature difference power generation semiconductor component is in contact with the external environment, and the cold end is in contact with the surface of the cold flow tube of the temperature difference generating device 5. Due to the temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end, the temperature difference power generation semiconductor component generates electricity, and the cold fluid in the cold flow tube also drives the turbine 7 to rotate during the flow process, and then drives the micro generator 8 to generate electricity. The power management circuit 10 can manage the power supply for the wireless communication module and the measurement control circuit 13 and other electrical devices according to the power output of the temperature difference power generation semiconductor component and the power output of the micro generator 8. By using the temperature difference power generation semiconductor component and the micro generator 8 to generate electricity and power the electrical devices, the wireless pressure gauge can work for a long time. At the same time, the wireless communication module is used for data transmission, and there is no need to use a long cable, which has better convenience and economy.

[0097] In some embodiments, the measuring part is composed of a temperature sensor 14 , a pressure sensor 15 , and a pressure inlet plug 16 .

[0098] The temperature sensor 14 generally uses a PT1000 platinum resistor, which has good long-term stability and temperature cycle performance, and has a large range, high precision, good linearity, and excellent interchangeability.

[0099] The pressure sensor 15 is generally made of a sapphire pressure gauge or a quartz pressure gauge, which has excellent stability and measurement accuracy. The fully packaged sensor has good vibration resistance, stable temperature characteristics, is easy to use, and is widely used.

[0100] The pressure inlet plug 16 connects the pressure environment and the pressure sensor 15 .

[0101] The pressure sensor 15 converts the ambient pressure into an electrical signal, and the temperature sensor 14 converts the ambient temperature into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the measurement control circuit 13. The measurement control circuit 13 calculates and processes the obtained pressure and temperature data, and after completion, controls the wireless communication part to send the measurement data to the ground.

[0102] In some embodiments, the temperature difference generating device 5 is implemented in various ways during the specific implementation process, wherein the high temperature part can directly utilize the underground high temperature environment; the low temperature part can utilize the cold fluid in the water injection process such as the water injection well, or can specifically inject cold liquid into the temperature difference power generation semiconductor component, which are all realistic and feasible measures. The use of vortex tubes as temperature difference generating devices 5 has received extensive attention and practical tests in recent years, and has achieved good results and has broad application prospects. The temperature difference generated by the temperature difference generating device 5 acts on the temperature difference power generation semiconductor component to generate a certain voltage and current (currently 1 to 5W power can be achieved), and then the battery and the charging short section are subjected to DC-DC voltage conversion, filtering, voltage stabilization and other processing, and supplied to the measurement control circuit 13, the temperature sensor 14 and the pressure sensor 15 and other electrical appliances for use. Among them, the cold flow pipe is set in the oil pipe through the connector 1. By setting the cold flow pipe in the oil pipe, the external environment is prevented from causing damage to the cold flow pipe, and the inconvenience caused by adding the cold flow pipe can be avoided.

[0103] In other embodiments, the temperature difference generating device 5 may also adopt a vortex tube, which separates the cold fluid and the hot fluid by generating a vortex in the high-speed fluid, and the cold fluid cools the cold end of the temperature difference power generation conductor component 4 through the cold flow tube, while the hot fluid is directly sent to the hot end of the temperature difference power generation conductor component 4.

[0104] In some embodiments, the cold flow pipe passes through the temperature difference power generation short section 3 and the turbine power generation short section 6 in sequence. The temperature difference generating device 5 in the temperature difference power generation short section 3 must involve a cold end fluid pipeline. After the refrigeration liquid circulating in the pipeline is used for temperature difference power generation, there is no obvious loss of mechanical energy except for the temperature rise. Therefore, the liquid can be used to drive the turbine in the turbine power generation short section 6 to provide rotational power for the micro generator 8. Therefore, the cold flow pipe of the temperature difference generating device 5 in the temperature difference power generation short section 3 should be partially connected to the turbine power generation short section 6, and then circulate out after driving the turbine to do work. The turbine power generation short section 6 rotates under the drive of the cold fluid to generate electrical energy (up to several watts to tens of watts), and then undergoes rectification, filtering, voltage stabilization and other processing through the power supply management short section 9, and supplies electrical appliances such as the measurement control circuit 13, the temperature sensor 14 and the pressure sensor 15 for use. By sequentially passing the cold flow pipe through the temperature difference power generation short section 3 and the turbine power generation short section 6, the cold flow pipe cools the cold end of the temperature difference power generation semiconductor assembly in the temperature difference power generation short section 3, and then drives the turbine in the turbine power generation short section 6, effectively utilizing the cooling effect of the cold fluid in the cold flow pipe. In other embodiments, the cold flow pipe may also first pass through the turbine power generation short section 6 and then enter the temperature difference power generation short section 3.

[0105] In some embodiments, the side wall of the turbine generator subsection 6 is provided with an opening, and one end of the cold flow pipe is connected to the opening. After driving the turbine to rotate, the cold flow pipe is directly discharged to the external environment from the side wall of the turbine generator subsection 6.

[0106] In some embodiments, the wireless communication module uses an ultrasonic transmitter, which is made of materials such as piezoelectric ceramics and is used to transmit sound waves to achieve communication between the instrument assembly and the ground equipment. Specifically, the measurement control circuit 13 encodes the measured data, and then drives the ultrasonic transmitter to emit sound waves, which are transmitted to the ground along the well wall; the ground sound wave receiver converts the received ultrasonic signal into an electrical signal, and completes subsequent operations such as decoding, thereby realizing remote wireless transmission of the pressure gauge measurement data.

[0107] In some embodiments, a battery 11 is provided in the power management short section 9, and the battery 11 is connected to the power management circuit 10. The battery 11 is provided in the power management short section 9, and the battery 11 is used as a backup power source, wherein the battery 11 can be charged through the temperature difference power generation semiconductor component and the micro generator 8.

[0108] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments, the power management circuit 10 includes:

[0109] An interleaved parallel Boost circuit 210, wherein the interleaved parallel Boost circuit 210 is connected to the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component, and the interleaved parallel Boost circuit 210 is used to boost and stabilize the output of the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component;

[0110] Buck-Boost step-up / step-down circuit 220, which is used to step up and stabilize the output of the micro-generator 8

[0111] The bidirectional Buck-Boost circuit 230 is connected to the battery 11 , and is used to control the discharge or charge of the battery 11 .

[0112] Since the performance of thermoelectric semiconductor components is easily affected by environmental factors, the output voltage fluctuates greatly. At the same time, due to the limited space of underground instruments, the installed thermoelectric semiconductor components are usually small, so the output voltage will not be too high. Therefore, it can be used Figure 2 The staggered parallel Boost circuit 210 shown in the figure boosts and stabilizes the output of the temperature difference battery, which can effectively reduce the output current ripple and improve the dynamic response performance.

[0113] The output voltage of the micro-generator 8 varies greatly with the change of the well fluid flow rate. Figure 2 The Buck-Boost step-up / step-down circuit 220 shown in the figure stabilizes the voltage output by the micro-generator 8 at a required value.

[0114] Figure 2 In the bidirectional Buck-Boost circuit 230 shown in FIG, when the switch tube S3 works normally and the switch tube S4 is always turned off, the inductor current flows through the diode D4, the circuit works in the Boost mode, the battery 11 discharges, and the electric energy is transferred from left to right; when the switch tube S4 works normally and the switch tube S3 is always turned off, the inductor current flows through the diode D3, the circuit works in the Buck mode, the battery 11 is charged, and the electric energy is transferred from right to left.

[0115] Under different load conditions and power generation conditions, in order to maintain the normal operation of the system, the power supply system needs to have different coordination methods. The power management circuit 10 connects the output ends of the temperature difference power generation short section 3 and the turbine power generation short section 6 to the battery 11. In addition to performing DC-DC voltage conversion, filtering, voltage stabilization and other processing on the electric energy generated by the temperature difference power generation short section 3 and the turbine power generation short section 6, the power management circuit 10 also has the function of power management and allocation. Specifically, when the instrument is working, the power management circuit 10 monitors the power supply power and quality of the three power sources of the temperature difference power generation short section 3, the turbine power generation short section 6 and the battery 11 in real time, and makes independent selections. The power management circuit 10 can achieve the following working modes by managing the power supply through the temperature difference power generation short section 3, the turbine power generation short section 6 and the battery 11:

[0116] 1) The temperature difference power generation short section 3 (3) is independently powered;

[0117] 2) The temperature difference power generation short section 3 (3) supplies power independently and charges the storage battery 11;

[0118] 3) The turbine generator subsection 6 (6) is independently powered;

[0119] 4) The turbine generator subsection 6 (6) is independently powered and charges the battery 11;

[0120] 5) The temperature difference power generation short section 3 (3) and the turbine power generation short section 6 (6) jointly supply power;

[0121] 6) The temperature difference power generation short section 3 (3) and the turbine power generation short section 6 (6) jointly supply power and charge the storage battery 11;

[0122] 7) The temperature difference power generation short section 3 (3) and the battery 11 jointly supply power;

[0123] 8) The turbine generator subsection 6 (6) and the battery 11 jointly supply power;

[0124] 9) The battery 11 is independently powered.

[0125] The battery 11 is not the main power source. The power generated by adding the temperature difference power generation short section 3 and the turbine power generation short section 6 can meet the power demand of the system under most working conditions. Combined with the low power consumption design of the electronic circuit, the battery 11 is not needed in most cases. In addition to using the battery 11 as a backup power source in case of system failure or in very rare cases, the power management circuit 10 mainly undertakes the above-mentioned power management function.

[0126] The following are examples of the three modes of temperature difference power generation semiconductor components: single power supply, joint power supply, and battery charging:

[0127] like Figure 3 As shown, the temperature difference power generation short section 3 performs independent power supply.

[0128] like Figure 4 As shown, the temperature difference power generation short section 3, the turbine power generation short section 6 and the battery 11 jointly supply power;

[0129] like Figure 5 As shown, the temperature difference power generation short section 3 and the turbine power generation short section 6 jointly supply power and charge the battery 11 .

[0130] In some embodiments, the measurement control circuit 13 is also used to disconnect the power supply of the pressure sensor 15 and the temperature sensor 14 through the power management circuit 10 when entering the non-collection state during the collection task cycle, and start preheating at a preset time before entering the collection state.

[0131] In order to further reduce the power consumption of the system, the various working modes of the measurement control circuit 13 are reasonably utilized, and the switching of the system circuit between the working, idle and waiting modes is the fundamental way to significantly reduce the overall power consumption of the system. The software program sets the MCU that controls the measurement circuit to be in a dormant state most of the time, and the control signal output by the clock circuit is triggered in different time periods. The MCU in the idle mode state can be put into the dormant mode by improving the control circuit, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing static power consumption.

[0132] Taking the software program design in the data acquisition stage as an example, when the system is in the non-acquisition state, the power supply of the acquisition module is turned off to make it enter the sleep state. When the acquisition module enters the working state from the sleep state, the power saving balance time point of the system entering the sleep mode and switching to the working mode must be obtained.

[0133] When the acquisition module is executing a periodic time window task, before the start time of a certain task cycle arrives, the acquisition module will enter the waiting stage. If the waiting time is too long, the acquisition module will be in a state of collecting useless data for a long time, wasting a lot of system power. To avoid this situation, the power supply of the acquisition module during the waiting stage can be turned off. However, when the acquisition module is restarted after a power outage, the constant temperature crystal oscillator used to resist the high temperature environment underground requires about 180 seconds of warm-up time from startup to temperature stabilization. During the warm-up stage, the constant temperature crystal oscillator will continue to consume power.

[0134] like Figure 6 As shown in the figure, t1 is the current time, t3 is the acquisition start time, and T1 is the remaining waiting time. If the data acquisition module is continuously powered and the analog-to-digital converter is put into sleep mode, the constant temperature crystal oscillator will continue to consume power in the time period T1. However, the scheme of shutting off the power supply of the acquisition module during the waiting phase is adopted. The power supply of the acquisition module is turned on 180 seconds before the task start time, and the analog-to-digital converter is placed in a low power consumption state during the waiting process, thereby greatly reducing the power consumption of the system.

[0135] In some embodiments, an adapter 12 is further included, one end of which is connected to the power supply short section, and the other end of which is connected to the measuring short section. The adapter 12 can be used to connect different functional parts in the same instrument, such as the power supply short section and the measuring short section, and can also be used for cascading between different instruments.

[0136] like Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the measurement control circuit 13 includes:

[0137] A signal processing circuit, wherein a data terminal of the signal processing circuit is connected to the temperature sensor 14 and the pressure sensor 15;

[0138] A signal sampling and acquisition circuit, wherein the signal sampling and acquisition circuit is connected to the signal processing circuit;

[0139] An analog-to-digital converter, wherein the analog-to-digital converter is connected to a signal sampling and acquisition circuit;

[0140] A microcontroller is connected to an analog-to-digital converter and a wireless communication module.

[0141] The measurement control circuit 13 mainly realizes the two functions of measurement and control. As shown in the figure, it includes signal processing circuit, signal sampling and acquisition circuit, analog-to-digital converter and microcontroller. The measurement circuit acquires temperature data and pressure data, which are first processed by the signal processing circuit, and then converted into digital signals by the analog-to-digital converter through the signal sampling and acquisition circuit. Then, the microcontroller controls the wireless communication short section 2 to send them to the ground in the prescribed format.

[0142] The longer the downhole pressure gauge works, the more pressure data points are collected continuously, and the more the data set can reflect the real situation of the downhole pressure. The pressure gauge involved has its own power supply, which uses the temperature difference and fluid flow in the well to generate electricity. Whether it is injecting cold liquid into the well or borrowing the injected liquid from the water injection well, it can maintain the energy demand of the pressure gauge for long-term use, thus ensuring the "permanent" operation of the pressure gauge in the well.

[0143] However, the wireless pressure gauge has a harsh working environment, and the cost of injecting liquid into the well is high. When the oil well reduces the production speed, the upward flow of well fluid will also be limited. Although a backup battery is installed in the system, its capacity is limited and it can only be used for emergency use in the event of a power generation system failure, and cannot be used as the main power supply. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to analyze the power consumption of different modules of the pressure gauge system and allocate a limited power consumption quota to each operating state, that is, a low-power design.

[0144] In complex electronic circuits, the system often requires multiple power supplies. It is more convenient and reliable to use traditional linear voltage regulation methods (voltage regulator tubes, three-terminal voltage regulators) or advanced LDO chips. However, the above voltage regulation methods or devices are very inefficient when the input-output voltage difference is large. This system uses advanced DC-DC power management technology, which not only has a voltage conversion efficiency of more than 95%, but also combines good input and output filtering and EMC design to achieve extremely low output ripple and noise. Figure 8 As shown, the voltage conversion circuit used includes:

[0145] A half-bridge DC-DC converter, wherein the voltage input end of the half-bridge DC-DC converter is connected to the power supply circuit module; wherein the half-bridge DC-DC converter is composed of switch tubes Mp and Mn, and the input end is connected to the output end of the staggered parallel Boost boost circuit, the Buck-Boost buck-boost circuit and the bidirectional Buck-Boost circuit;

[0146] A voltage feedback circuit, wherein a sampling end of the voltage feedback circuit is connected to an output end of a half-bridge DC-DC converter;

[0147] A current feedback circuit, wherein a sampling end of the current feedback circuit is connected to an output end of a half-bridge DC-DC converter;

[0148] An error amplifier, wherein a first input terminal of the error amplifier is connected to a reference voltage, and a second input terminal of the error amplifier is connected to a voltage feedback circuit;

[0149] An adder, wherein an input end of the adder is connected to an output end of the error amplifier and a current feedback circuit;

[0150] A comparator, wherein the comparator is connected to the adder;

[0151] A PFM / PWM controller, the PFM / PWM controller is connected to the comparator, and the PFM / PWM controller is used to output a PFM signal or a PWM signal according to the control information output by the comparator;

[0152] A half-bridge driving circuit, wherein a signal input end of the half-bridge driving circuit is connected to a PFM / PWM controller, and an output end of the half-bridge driving circuit is connected to a half-bridge DC-DC converter.

[0153] In actual application, the load changes in a wide range because each functional module has different operating states in different working modes. If a single control method is used, the efficiency is not high, and the stability of the system is also affected. The voltage conversion circuit uses a hybrid control method of pulse frequency modulation and pulse width modulation (PFM-PWM) to optimize power consumption, using PFM control at low loads and PWM control at high loads. In the hybrid control method, the system can automatically switch between the two control methods for high and low loads, thereby achieving the most optimized efficiency over the entire load range.

[0154] The switching between PFM and PWM is achieved by monitoring the output voltage and the inductor charging current. The voltage conversion circuit structure of the control mode switching system is as follows: Figure 8 As shown in the figure, it mainly includes an error amplifier, an adder, a comparator, two feedback circuits for voltage and current, a main control MCU and a half-bridge drive circuit. The two feedback loops are: an output voltage monitoring loop, through the feedback resistor R f1 and R f2 The other is the inductor charging current monitoring loop, which is realized by the feedback voltage at the output end. L This is achieved by detecting the output current. After the two feedback signals are added by the internal adder of the MCU, the resulting signal enters the built-in comparator to generate a control signal. When the load is low, the feedback voltage increases, and the output signal compared with the reference voltage through the error amplifier decreases. After being processed and judged by the MCU, it enters the PFM control mode, and the load is powered by the discharge of the external capacitor; if the load becomes larger, the output current becomes larger, and the output voltage becomes lower, the power supply circuit enters the PWM control state. Among them, in the voltage conversion circuit, Vi is the input end, Vo is the output end, the input end Vi of the voltage conversion circuit is connected to the output end VCC of the power supply pipeline module, and the output end Vo of the voltage conversion circuit is used to power the load, such as pressure sensors, temperature sensors, wireless communication modules, and measurement control circuits.

[0155] The control of each module in the circuit is mainly completed by the microcontroller (MCU), so it must be the main power-consuming device in the circuit.

[0156] Therefore, choosing a high temperature resistant and low power MCU chip is the primary task. For example, the PIC18 series MCU has been widely used in downhole oil instruments due to its excellent high temperature resistance and extremely low power consumption.

[0157] Secondly, the larger package and higher operating voltage of the MCU will also consume more power, so small package (such as QFN) and low voltage (3.3V) MCU should be given priority.

[0158] In addition, the crystal oscillator determines the operating frequency of the MCU. The higher the operating frequency of the MCU, the greater its power consumption. Therefore, reducing the crystal oscillator frequency as much as possible is effective in reducing the power consumption of the control circuit. In this system, the crystal oscillator is designed to be 1MHz to meet the use requirements.

[0159] The circuit low power optimization design also needs to consider the power reduction design at the interface. The following factors should be considered:

[0160] (1) Choose a reasonable pull-up resistor

[0161] by Fig. 9 As shown in the figure, for example, the pull-up resistor of the microcontroller should be selected with a large resistance as much as possible without affecting the operation of the circuit to avoid consuming too much power.

[0162] (2) Processing of floating pins of the chip

[0163] In low-power design, the unused floating pins of the CMOS chip are equivalent to open circuits, which have very large impedance values ​​and may cause the device pin states to change continuously, thus affecting the microcontroller's sleep state. Therefore, the unused pins should be connected to VCC.

[0164] (3) Reasonable driving current

[0165] Excessive driving current will increase unnecessary power consumption, so reasonable design of the driving current of the upper and lower chips is an effective way to reduce power consumption.

[0166] Finally, it should be noted that although the above embodiments have been described in the specification and drawings of this application, this does not limit the scope of patent protection of this application. All technical solutions generated by replacing or modifying equivalent structures or equivalent processes based on the essential concept of this application using the contents recorded in the specification and drawings of this application, as well as directly or indirectly implementing the technical solutions of the above embodiments in other related technical fields, are included in the scope of patent protection of this application.

Claims

1. An underground self-generating permanent wireless pressure gauge, characterized in that: include: A connector, the connector being used to connect an oil pipe; A wireless communication short section, wherein the wireless communication short section includes a wireless communication module, and the wireless communication module is used for data transmission; Power supply short section, the power supply short section includes a temperature difference power generation short section, a turbine power generation short section and a power supply management short section; The thermoelectric power generation nipple comprises a thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component and a temperature difference generating device, the temperature difference generating device comprises a cold flow tube, the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component is arranged on the outer wall of the cold flow tube, the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component contacts the cold flow tube, and the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor contacts the external environment of the wireless pressure gauge; The turbine power generation subsection comprises a turbine and a micro-generator, wherein the turbine is arranged in the cold flow pipe, and the turbine is transmission-connected to the micro-generator; The power supply management short section includes a power management circuit, which is connected to the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component and the micro-generator, and is used to perform power management on the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor component and the micro-generator; A measuring nipple, wherein a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a measuring control circuit are arranged in the measuring nipple, A temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is used to collect temperature data of the external environment of the wireless pressure gauge; A pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is used to collect pressure data of the external environment of the wireless pressure gauge; A measurement control circuit, wherein the measurement control circuit is connected to the wireless communication module, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor, and the measurement control circuit is used to send the temperature data collected by the temperature sensor and the pressure data collected by the pressure sensor to the ground through the wireless communication module; A pressure inlet plug is used to connect the pressure environment with the pressure sensor.

2. The underground self-generating permanent wireless pressure gauge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cold flow pipe passes through the connector sleeve and is arranged in the oil pipe.

3. The underground self-generating permanent wireless pressure gauge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cold flow pipe passes through the temperature difference power generation short section and the turbine power generation short section in sequence.

4. The underground self-generating permanent wireless pressure gauge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The measurement control circuit is also used to disconnect the power supply of the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor through the power management circuit when entering the non-collection state during the collection task cycle, and start preheating at a preset time before entering the collection state.

5. The underground self-generating permanent wireless pressure gauge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A battery is arranged in the power supply management short section, and the battery is connected to the power supply management circuit.

6. The underground self-generating permanent wireless pressure gauge according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The power management circuit comprises: An interleaved parallel Boost circuit, wherein the interleaved parallel Boost circuit is connected to a temperature difference power generation semiconductor component, and the interleaved parallel Boost circuit is used to boost and stabilize the output of the temperature difference power generation semiconductor component; Buck-Boost step-up and step-down circuit, the Buck-Boost step-up and step-down circuit is used to step up and stabilize the output of the micro-generator A bidirectional Buck-Boost circuit structure is connected to a battery and is used to control the discharge or charge of the battery.

7. The underground self-generating permanent wireless pressure gauge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes an adapter, one end of which is connected to the power supply short section, and the other end of which is connected to the measuring short section.

8. The underground self-generating permanent wireless pressure gauge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The measurement control circuit comprises: A signal processing circuit, wherein a data terminal of the signal processing circuit is connected to a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor; A signal sampling and acquisition circuit, wherein the signal sampling and acquisition circuit is connected to the signal processing circuit; An analog-to-digital converter, wherein the analog-to-digital converter is connected to a signal sampling and acquisition circuit; A microcontroller is connected to an analog-to-digital converter and a wireless communication module.

9. The underground self-generating permanent wireless pressure gauge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless communication module is an ultrasonic transmitter.

10. The underground self-generating permanent wireless pressure gauge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply management subsection includes: A voltage conversion circuit, the voltage conversion circuit comprising: A half-bridge DC-DC converter, wherein a voltage input terminal of the half-bridge DC-DC converter is connected to a power supply pipeline module; A voltage feedback circuit, wherein a sampling end of the voltage feedback circuit is connected to an output end of a half-bridge DC-DC converter; A current feedback circuit, wherein a sampling end of the current feedback circuit is connected to an output end of a half-bridge DC-DC converter; An error amplifier, wherein a first input terminal of the error amplifier is connected to a reference voltage, and a second input terminal of the error amplifier is connected to a voltage feedback circuit; An adder, wherein an input end of the adder is connected to an output end of the error amplifier and a current feedback circuit; A comparator, wherein the comparator is connected to the adder; A PFM / PWM controller, the PFM / PWM controller is connected to the comparator, and the PFM / PWM controller is used to output a PFM signal or a PWM signal according to the control information output by the comparator; A half-bridge driving circuit, wherein a signal input end of the half-bridge driving circuit is connected to a PFM / PWM controller, and an output end of the half-bridge driving circuit is connected to a half-bridge DC-DC converter.

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