Brake for tractor

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of brakes, and particularly relates to a tractor brake which comprises a brake body and a compensation mechanism connected with the brake body, the brake body comprises a shell and a piston, a plurality of through holes are formed in the shell, adjusting blocks are slidably connected in the through holes, the adjusting blocks are matched with the through holes through groove keys, and the compensation mechanism is arranged in the shell. One end of the adjusting block protrudes out of the end face of the shell and makes separable contact with one end face of the piston. The compensation mechanism comprises a first gear, a plurality of second gears are connected outside the first gear in a meshed mode, rotating shafts of the second gears are in threaded connection with the adjusting block, the first gear rotates to drive the second gears to rotate and the adjusting block to move along the through hole, and then the length, protruding out of the end face of the shell, of the adjusting block is changed. By arranging the compensation mechanism, distance compensation can be conducted on piston braking stroke increase caused by abrasion of the brake pad, and the problem of braking failure caused by abrasion of the brake pad is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of brakes, and in particular relates to a brake for a tractor. Background Art

[0002] As a provider of traction and driving power, tractors are widely used in agricultural and industrial production. During the driving process of the tractor, a braking device is needed to brake the tractor to ensure normal driving and avoid accidents. Therefore, brakes are an indispensable device in the tractor system.

[0003] The working principle of the brake is that the brake pad on the brake piston is in close contact with the brake disc. Under the action of friction, the kinetic energy of rotation can be effectively converted into heat energy, thereby achieving the braking effect. Due to the complex working environment and terrain conditions of the tractor, frequent braking is required. As the brake is used for an increasing period of time and frequency, the thickness of the brake pad gradually becomes thinner. In order to achieve a good friction braking effect, it is necessary to increase the amplitude of the foot braking to ensure the close fit between the brake pad and the brake disc, thereby ensuring its braking effect. However, when the wear of the brake pad exceeds a certain limit, even if the brake pedal is stepped on to the maximum extent, the brake pad and the brake disc cannot be kept in close contact. At this time, the brake cannot provide sufficient braking force, that is, the brake fails, which is very likely to cause serious traffic safety accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to design a brake that can compensate for the wear thickness of the friction pad to ensure normal braking effect, reduce the frequency of replacing brake pads, and reduce the cost of vehicle use. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a brake for a tractor to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: A brake for a tractor comprises a brake body and a compensation mechanism and a return mechanism connected to the brake body. The brake body comprises a shell and a piston slidably connected to the shell. A hydraulic chamber for containing hydraulic oil is provided between the shell and the piston. A plurality of through holes are provided on the shell. Adjustment blocks are slidably connected in the plurality of through holes. The adjustment blocks are matched with the through holes via slot keys. One end of the adjustment block protrudes from the end face of the shell and is in detachable contact with one end face of the piston.

[0006] The compensation mechanism includes a first gear, which is externally meshed with a plurality of second gears. The rotating shaft of the second gear is threadedly connected to the adjustment block. The rotation of the first gear drives the second gear and its rotating shaft to rotate, thereby causing the adjustment block to move along the through hole.

[0007] As a further improvement, the compensation mechanism also includes a base, which includes a horizontally arranged top plate, a bottom plate and a vertically arranged side plate. The top plate, the bottom plate and the side plates form a cavity. A worm wheel and a worm meshing with the worm wheel are provided in the cavity. The rotating shaft of the worm wheel is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the first gear. The bottom of the worm is rotatably connected to the bottom plate, the upper part of the worm is rotatably connected to the top plate, and the upper end surface of the worm protrudes from the outer surface of the top plate.

[0008] As a further improvement, the upper end of the worm is rotatably connected to a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is connected to a first hydraulic cylinder, the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hingedly connected to the connecting rod, and the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the top plate.

[0009] As a further improvement, the upper end of the worm is fixedly connected to a first ratchet, the first ratchet is located above the connecting rod, the middle part of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to a first pawl, and the other end of the first pawl cooperates with the teeth of the first ratchet.

[0010] As a further improvement, a first spring is connected to an end of the first pawl close to the rotating shaft and to an output end of the first hydraulic cylinder.

[0011] As a further improvement, a second ratchet and a second pawl cooperating with the second ratchet are provided above the first ratchet, the rotating shaft of the second ratchet is fixedly connected to the worm, the middle part of the second pawl is rotatably connected to the top plate through the rotating shaft, one end of the second pawl is abutted against the teeth of the second ratchet, a second hydraulic cylinder is provided on the top plate, the other end of the second pawl is rotatably connected to the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the second hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the top plate.

[0012] As a further improvement, a mounting hole is provided on the shell, and a return mechanism is installed in the mounting hole. The return mechanism includes a guide column, a stop block is provided on the outer sleeve of the guide column, the stop block is fixedly connected to the shell, one end of the guide column is threadedly connected to the piston, the other end of the guide column is fixedly connected to the first spring seat, and a second spring seat and a second spring are provided on the outer sliding sleeve of the guide column, one end of the second spring seat is abutted against the stop block, the other end of the second spring seat is abutted against the second spring, and the other end of the second spring is abutted against the first spring seat.

[0013] As a further improvement, an oil inlet is provided in the hydraulic chamber, and the hydraulic chamber is connected to the brake oil pump of the vehicle through the oil inlet.

[0014] As a further improvement, a sealing ring is installed on the side of the housing that is in sliding contact with the piston.

[0015] As a further improvement, a brake pad is fixedly mounted on the other end surface of the piston, a brake disc is spaced apart on the other side of the brake pad, and a limit block is detachably mounted on the brake disc.

[0016] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The tractor brake provided by the present invention can compensate for the increase in piston braking stroke caused by excessive wear of the brake pad by arranging a compensation mechanism, thereby avoiding insufficient braking caused by the wear of the brake pad.

[0017] By setting a return mechanism, the piston can quickly return to its original position after braking, avoiding high temperature and excessive wear of the brake pad due to incomplete separation of the brake pad and the brake disc and relative rotation between the two. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the adjustment block according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a compensation mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the first gear and the second gear in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a brake body according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a brake body according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a return mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of a brake disc and a limit block according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Wherein: 1-brake body, 101-housing, 102-piston, 103-oil inlet, 104-sealing ring, 105-brake pad, 106-hydraulic chamber, 2-compensation mechanism, 201-worm gear, 202-worm, 203-first gear, 204-second gear, 2041-rotating axis, 205-base, 2051-top plate, 2052-bottom plate, 2053-side plate, 206-connecting rod, 207-first hydraulic cylinder, 208-first ratchet, 209-first pawl, 210-first spring, 211-second ratchet, 212-second pawl, 213-second hydraulic cylinder, 214-adjusting block, 3-return mechanism, 301-guide column, 302-block, 303-first spring seat, 304-second spring seat, 305-second spring, 4-brake disc, 5-limiting block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below in combination with specific implementation methods and with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are only used for exemplary descriptions, and only show schematic diagrams rather than physical drawings, and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the accompanying drawings may be omitted.

[0021] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] like Figure 1-9 As shown, a brake for a tractor includes a brake body 1 and a compensation mechanism 2 and a return mechanism 3 connected to the brake body 1. The brake body 1 includes a shell 101 and a piston 102 slidably connected to the shell 101. A hydraulic chamber 106 for containing hydraulic oil is provided between the shell 101 and the piston 102. The shell 101 is provided with a plurality of through holes, and adjustment blocks 214 are slidably connected in the through holes. The adjustment block 214 cooperates with the through holes through a slot key. One end of the adjustment block 214 protrudes from the end face of the shell 101 and is in detachable contact with one end face of the piston 102.

[0023] The compensation mechanism 2 includes a first gear 203, which is externally meshed with a plurality of second gears 204. The rotating shaft 2041 of the second gear 204 is threadedly connected to the adjustment block 214. The first gear 203 rotates, driving the second gear 204 and its rotating shaft 2041 to rotate, and causing the adjustment block 214 to move along the through hole, thereby causing the length of the adjustment block 214 protruding from the end face of the shell 101 to change.

[0024] In this embodiment, the compensation mechanism 2 also includes a base 205, which includes a horizontally arranged top plate 2051, a bottom plate 2052 and a vertically arranged side plate 2053. The top plate 2051, the bottom plate 2052 and the side plate 2053 form a cavity, in which a worm wheel 201 and a worm 202 meshing with the worm wheel 201 are provided. The rotating shaft of the worm wheel 201 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the first gear 203, the bottom of the worm 202 is rotatably connected to the bottom plate 2052, the upper part of the worm 202 is rotatably connected to the top plate 2051, and the upper end surface of the worm 202 protrudes from the outer surface of the top plate 2051.

[0025] In this embodiment, the upper end of the worm 202 is rotatably connected to a connecting rod 206, the other end of the connecting rod 206 is connected to a first hydraulic cylinder 207, the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 207 is hingedly connected to the connecting rod 206, and the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder 207 is rotatably connected to the top plate 2051.

[0026] In this embodiment, the upper end of the worm 202 is fixedly connected to a first ratchet 208, and the first ratchet 208 is located above the connecting rod 206. The middle part of the connecting rod 206 is rotatably connected to a first pawl 209, and the other end of the first pawl 209 cooperates with the gear teeth of the first ratchet 208. Figure 3 As shown, the first hydraulic cylinder 207 extends to drive the connecting rod 206 to rotate counterclockwise around the connection point between the connecting rod 206 and the worm 202, thereby causing the first pawl 209 to drive the first ratchet wheel 208 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0027] In this embodiment, the end of the first pawl 209 close to the rotating shaft and the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 207 are connected to a first spring 210 , and the elastic force of the first spring 210 ensures that the first pawl 209 is always tightly against the teeth of the first ratchet wheel 208 .

[0028] In this embodiment, a second ratchet 211 and a second pawl 212 that cooperates with the second ratchet 211 are provided above the first ratchet 208. The rotating shaft of the second ratchet 211 is fixedly connected to the worm 202. The middle part of the second pawl 212 is rotatably connected to the top plate 2051 through the rotating shaft. One end of the second pawl 212 is abutted against the teeth of the second ratchet 211. A second hydraulic cylinder 213 is provided on the top plate 2051. The other end of the second pawl 212 is rotatably connected to the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 213, and the other end of the second hydraulic cylinder 213 is rotatably connected to the top plate 2051.

[0029] In this embodiment, a mounting hole is provided on the shell 101, and a return mechanism 3 is installed in the mounting hole. The return mechanism 3 includes a guide column 301, a stopper 302 is provided on the outer fixed sleeve of the guide column 301, and the stopper 302 is fixedly connected to the shell 101. One end of the guide column 301 is threadedly connected to the piston 102, and the other end of the guide column 301 is fixedly connected to a first spring seat 303. The outer sliding sleeve of the guide column 301 is provided with a second spring seat 304 and a second spring 305. One end of the second spring seat 304 is against the stopper 302, and the other end of the second spring seat 304 is against the second spring 305, and the other end of the second spring 305 is against the first spring seat 303.

[0030] In this embodiment, an oil inlet 103 is provided in the hydraulic chamber 106 , and the hydraulic chamber 106 is connected to the brake oil pump of the vehicle through the oil inlet 103 .

[0031] In this embodiment, a sealing ring 104 is installed on the side of the housing 101 that is in sliding contact with the piston 102 to enhance the sealing effect of the hydraulic chamber 106 .

[0032] In this embodiment, a brake pad 105 is fixedly mounted on the other end surface of the piston 102. The brake pad 105 is made of a wear-resistant material with a high friction coefficient. A brake disc 4 is arranged at the other side of the brake pad 105. A stop block 5 is detachably arranged on the end surface of the brake disc 4. Specifically, the stop block 5 can be made of a magnetic material. When in use, the stop block 5 is adsorbed on the surface of the brake disc 4 by magnetic force. After use, the stop block 5 can be easily removed. The thickness of the stop block 5 is equal to the standard braking stroke of the piston 102.

[0033] When the present embodiment is in use, after the driver steps on the brake pedal, the hydraulic oil in the brake oil pump enters the hydraulic chamber 106 from the oil inlet 103, the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 106 gradually increases and pushes the piston 102 and the brake pad 105 to move, the second spring 305 is gradually compressed, and when the brake pad 105 is in close contact with the brake disc 4 of the vehicle, the rotation speed of the wheel gradually decreases under the action of friction. After the driver releases the brake pedal, the hydraulic oil flows back from the hydraulic chamber 106, the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 106 decreases, the brake pad 105 is separated from the brake disc 4 and the braking ends. The return mechanism 3 can quickly separate the brake pad 105 from the brake disc 4, avoiding the situation where the brake pad 105 and the brake disc 4 are not completely separated, resulting in relative rotation between the two, thereby causing excessive wear and high temperature of the brake pad 105.

[0034] When the vehicle maintenance personnel confirms that the adjustment block 214 needs to be adjusted according to the vehicle mileage, the actual braking effect of the vehicle and the wear degree of the brake pad 105, they can enter the vehicle adjustment mode, and finally make the adjustment block 214 protrude from the end surface of the housing 101 longer to compensate for the thickness of the brake pad 105 wear. The specific operation is as follows: In the adjustment mode, if Figure 3 As shown, the second hydraulic cylinder 213 contracts, driving the second pawl 212 to rotate counterclockwise around the rotating shaft in the middle thereof, and the second pawl 212 is separated from the second ratchet wheel 211. The control system of the first hydraulic cylinder 207 can detect the distance that the driver steps on the brake pedal, and control the extension distance of the first hydraulic cylinder 207 according to the distance. The extension of the first hydraulic cylinder 207 drives the connecting rod 206 to rotate counterclockwise around the connection point between it and the worm 202, and then drives the first gear 203 and the second gear 204 to rotate through the worm wheel 201 and the worm 202, and the adjustment block 214 can slide outward along the through hole, thereby causing the initial position of the piston 102 and the brake pad 105 to shift a distance to one side of the brake disc 4. Fig. 9 As shown, in the adjustment mode, the stopper 5 is installed on the end face of the brake disc 4 close to the brake pad 105. When the adjustment block 214 pushes the piston 102 and the brake pad 105 to move until the brake pad 105 abuts against the surface of the stopper 5, it indicates that the adjustment block 214 has been adjusted to a suitable position, and the thickness of the worn brake pad 105 has been compensated. In specific use, since the worm wheel 201 and the worm 202 have reverse self-locking properties, the position of the adjustment block 214 can be prevented from retreating. After the adjustment is completed, the second hydraulic cylinder 213 extends, and the second pawl 212 cooperates with the corresponding gear teeth of the second ratchet 211 to prevent the first ratchet 208 from reversing.

[0035] The specific implementation of the present invention described above does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tractor brake, comprising a brake body and a compensation mechanism and a return mechanism connected to the brake body, wherein the brake body comprises a housing and a piston slidably connected to the housing, a hydraulic chamber for containing hydraulic oil is provided between the housing and the piston, and the invention is characterized in that: A plurality of through holes are provided on the end surface of the shell, and an adjusting block is slidably connected in each of the through holes. The adjusting block is matched with the through hole via a slot key, and one end of the adjusting block protrudes from the end surface of the shell and is in detachable contact with one end surface of the piston; The compensation mechanism includes a first gear, which is externally meshed with a plurality of second gears, and the rotating shaft of the second gear is threadedly connected to the adjustment block. The first gear rotates, driving the second gear and its rotating shaft to rotate, thereby causing the adjustment block to move along the through hole.

2. A tractor brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compensation mechanism also includes a base, which includes a horizontally arranged top plate, a bottom plate and a vertically arranged side plate, the top plate, the bottom plate and the side plate enclose a cavity, a worm wheel and a worm meshing with the worm wheel are provided in the cavity, the rotating shaft of the worm wheel is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the first gear, the bottom of the worm is rotatably connected to the bottom plate, the upper part of the worm is rotatably connected to the top plate, and the upper end surface of the worm protrudes from the outer surface of the top plate.

3. A tractor brake according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the worm is rotatably connected to a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is connected to a first hydraulic cylinder, the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hingedly connected to the connecting rod, and the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the top plate.

4. A tractor brake according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end of the worm is fixedly connected with a first ratchet, the first ratchet is located above the connecting rod, the middle part of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with a first pawl, and the other end of the first pawl matches with the gear teeth of the first ratchet.

5. A tractor brake according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the first pawl close to the rotating shaft is connected to the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder with a first spring.

6. A tractor brake according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second ratchet and a second pawl matched with the second ratchet are provided above the first ratchet, the rotating shaft of the second ratchet is fixedly connected to the worm, the middle part of the second pawl is rotatably connected to the top plate through the rotating shaft, one end of the second pawl is abutted against the gear teeth of the second ratchet, a second hydraulic cylinder is provided on the top plate, the other end of the second pawl is rotatably connected to the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the second hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the top plate.

7. A tractor brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is provided with a mounting hole, and a return mechanism is installed in the mounting hole. The return mechanism includes a guide column, a stopper is provided on the outer sleeve of the guide column, and the stopper is fixedly connected to the shell. One end of the guide column is threadedly connected to the piston, and the other end of the guide column is fixedly connected to a first spring seat. The outer sliding sleeve of the guide column is provided with a second spring seat and a second spring, one end of the second spring seat is against the stopper, the other end of the second spring seat is against the second spring, and the other end of the second spring is against the first spring seat.

8. A tractor brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oil inlet is arranged in the hydraulic chamber, and the hydraulic chamber is connected with the brake oil pump of the vehicle through the oil inlet.

9. A tractor brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring is installed on the side of the housing that is in sliding contact with the piston.

10. A tractor brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: A brake pad is fixedly mounted on the other end surface of the piston, a brake disc is spaced apart on the other side of the brake pad, and a limit block is detachably mounted on the brake disc.

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