Batch continuous composite smelting device for metal alloy

Abstract

The invention relates to a metal alloy batch continuous composite smelting device. The composite smelting device comprises a batch continuous sampling mechanism, an electric arc smelting chamber and an induction smelting chamber. The batch continuous sample injection mechanism main body comprises a tubular structure vertically arranged above the electric arc melting chamber, and the interior of the tubular structure is divided into a plurality of sealable sample chambers by a plurality of sample injection valves; an electric arc pen, an arcing end and a plurality of rotatable electric arc melting sample supports are arranged in the electric arc melting chamber; the induction melting chamber and the electric arc melting chamber are separated through a movable partition plate, an induction coil and a plurality of crucibles matched with the induction coil are arranged in the induction melting chamber, and the crucibles can be moved in or out of the induction coil. According to the metal alloy batch continuous composite smelting device, the purpose of batch continuous composite smelting of metal alloy raw materials is achieved through a simple structure, the vacuum electric arc smelting process and the vacuum induction smelting process are smoothly linked, and master alloys with the same components or different components can be continuously smelted in multiple batches.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal casting, and in particular relates to a metal alloy batch continuous composite smelting device. Background Art

[0002] Vacuum arc melting and vacuum induction melting are the main processing and preparation methods for metal alloy smelting at present.

[0003] Vacuum arc melting is the process of melting metal alloys by using electric energy to generate an arc between electrodes or between electrodes and the material being melted in a closed vacuum environment. Vacuum arc melting generally uses a DC power supply. The characteristics of arc melting are fast heating speed, high energy utilization rate, high heating efficiency, etc. It can also improve the uniformity and yield of products, and improve the microstructure and properties of the melted materials. However, the melting chamber of conventional arc melting can only melt a certain amount of master alloy samples, making it difficult to achieve batch continuous production.

[0004] Vacuum induction melting is to use the principle of electromagnetic induction to generate induced eddy current inside the metal material being smelted in a closed vacuum environment. The current releases heat to melt the metal. Many high-precision alloy materials and special steels are melted by vacuum induction melting. The advantages of this method include: it can smelt active elements such as aluminum, titanium, boron and zirconium, and is used in occasions where these active elements need to be added to improve the corrosion resistance, high-temperature creep performance, high magnetic permeability and other comprehensive properties of alloy materials; it is easier to remove nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dissolved in steel and alloys to a lower level; impurity elements (copper, zinc, lead, antimony, bismuth, tin and arsenic, etc.) with higher vapor pressure than the base metal at the melting temperature are removed by volatilization. However, the melting efficiency of vacuum induction melting is inconsistent for alloy raw materials of different compositions. If multiple raw materials are directly added, it is easy to cause uneven alloy composition.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention combines vacuum arc melting and vacuum induction melting, and improves the sampling mechanism to realize batch continuous sampling of a variety of different master alloy materials. The metal alloy material is first subjected to vacuum arc melting, and then to vacuum induction melting, to ensure that the master alloy materials with multiple components have uniform composition and good melting consistency when subjected to vacuum induction melting. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a metal alloy batch continuous composite melting device in view of the deficiencies existing in the prior art. The composite melting device combines the advantages of vacuum arc melting and vacuum induction melting, can realize batch continuous sampling of a variety of different master alloy materials, and fully melt the alloy materials.

[0007] The present invention provides a metal alloy batch continuous composite smelting device, the composite smelting device comprises a batch continuous sampling mechanism, an arc melting chamber and an induction melting chamber;

[0008] The main body of the batch continuous sampling mechanism comprises a tubular structure vertically arranged above the arc melting chamber, the interior of which is divided into a plurality of sealable sample chambers V0, V1, V2, ..., Vn by a plurality of sampling valves, where n≥2;

[0009] An arc pen, an arc starting end and a plurality of rotatable arc melting sample holders are provided in the arc melting chamber. The arc melting sample holders can be opened and closed downwards, and each arc melting sample holder can be rotated to the bottom of the sample chamber Vn to receive the raw materials put into the sample chamber Vn;

[0010] The induction melting chamber is separated from the arc melting chamber by a movable partition. An induction coil and a plurality of crucibles matched with the induction coil are arranged in the induction melting chamber, and the crucibles can be moved into or out of the induction coil.

[0011] According to the above scheme, the batch continuous sampling mechanism is provided with a sampling port cover plate at the top of the sample chamber V0 for injecting samples into the sample chamber V0.

[0012] According to the above scheme, the batch continuous sampling mechanism is provided with an air suction port and an air discharge port on the side of the sample chamber V0. The vacuum degree in the sample chamber V0 can be controlled by the air suction port and the air discharge port.

[0013] According to the above solution, a retractable crucible clamp is also provided in the arc melting chamber for moving the crucible into or out of the induction coil.

[0014] The present invention also includes a method for smelting metal alloys using the above-mentioned metal alloy batch continuous composite smelting device, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0015] 1) Opening the injection valves of the batch continuous injection mechanism from top to bottom in sequence, the raw materials to be smelted are placed in the sample chambers Vn, ..., V2, V1, and V0 in sequence from bottom to top, and the sample chambers are evacuated to ensure that each sample chamber is in a vacuum state;

[0016] 2) opening the injection valve at the bottom of the batch continuous injection mechanism, so that the raw material in the lowest sample chamber Vn falls into the arc melting sample tray below, and placing the raw material in a single sample chamber in an arc melting sample tray for arc melting as needed, and then rotating the arc melting sample tray, aligning another arc melting sample tray with the batch continuous injection mechanism, opening the injection valve at the bottom of the upper layer sample chamber, so that the raw material in the sample chamber falls into the arc melting sample tray for arc melting, and melting in sequence until the end, or placing the raw materials in multiple sample chambers in one arc melting sample tray for arc melting;

[0017] 3) After the arc melting is completed, the partition between the arc melting chamber and the induction melting chamber is opened, and the arc melting sample holder is opened downward to allow the master alloy in the arc melting sample holder to fall into the crucible below. According to needs, the master alloy in a single arc melting sample holder is dropped into a crucible for induction melting and then removed from the induction coil. The partition is opened, and another crucible is used to receive the master alloy in the upper arc melting sample holder and then moved into the induction coil for induction melting. The melting is performed in sequence until the end, or the master alloys in multiple arc melting sample holders are placed in one crucible for induction melting.

[0018] According to the above scheme, the specific steps of step 1) placing the raw materials to be smelted into the sample chambers Vn, ..., V2, V1, and V0 in sequence from bottom to top are as follows:

[0019] S1. First, vacuumize each sample chamber from bottom to top and close the injection valves from bottom to top in turn, then open the vent, deflate the sample chamber V0, open the injection port cover, load the raw material I to be smelted, close the injection port cover, close the vent, and vacuumize the sample chamber V0 through the suction port;

[0020] S2, open the injection valve T0, and the raw material I in the sample chamber V0 enters the sample chamber V1;

[0021] S3, close the injection valve T0, open the injection valve T1, and the raw material I in the sample chamber V1 enters V2;

[0022] S4, closing the injection valve of the previous layer and opening the injection valve of the next layer in sequence until the raw material I reaches the last level sample chamber Vn;

[0023] S5. Referring to steps S1 to S4, the raw materials I, II, III, ... to be smelted are placed into sample chambers Vn, ..., V2, V1, V0 from bottom to top in sequence.

[0024] The present invention transforms the sample feeding mechanism, the arc melting chamber and the induction melting chamber, so that the arc melting process can continuously melt multiple batches of master alloys with the same or different compositions, and the induction melting process can also obtain induction melting master alloys with different compositions and batches in different crucibles. After the arc melting, the samples of different batches of feed can be fed into the induction furnace cavity in batches for induction melting in batches or as a whole, thereby improving the efficiency of composite melting.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1) The metal alloy batch continuous composite melting device of the present invention achieves the effect of batch continuous composite melting of metal alloy raw materials with a relatively simple structure, and the vacuum arc melting and vacuum induction melting processes are smoothly connected. It can continuously melt multiple batches of master alloys with the same or different components and can be collected independently.

[0027] 2) The method for smelting metal alloys provided by the present invention has the advantages of high production efficiency in the smelting process and uniform composition of the obtained alloy material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a batch continuous composite smelting device for metal alloys according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arc melting sample holder working in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail using embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] A metal alloy batch continuous composite smelting device is used to smelt iron-nickel alloys with different components. The schematic diagram of its structure is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the composite melting device includes a batch continuous sampling mechanism, an arc melting chamber and an induction melting chamber.

[0033] The main body of the batch continuous sampling mechanism includes a tubular structure vertically arranged above the arc melting chamber, the interior of which is divided into three sealable sample chambers V0, V1, and V2 by multiple sampling valves. A sampling port cover is provided on the top of the sample chamber V0, and an exhaust port and an exhaust port are provided on the side of the sample chamber V0.

[0034] An arc pen, an arc starting end and three rotatable arc melting sample holders are provided in the arc melting chamber. The arc melting sample holders can be opened and closed downwards. Each arc melting sample holder can be rotated to the bottom of the sample chamber V2 to receive the raw materials put into the sample chamber V2.

[0035] The induction melting chamber is separated from the arc melting chamber by a movable partition. An induction coil and three spare crucibles matching the induction coil are arranged in the induction melting chamber, and each crucible can be moved in or out of the induction coil by a retractable crucible clamp.

[0036] The method for smelting metal alloys using the above-mentioned metal alloy batch continuous composite smelting device has the following specific steps:

[0037] 1) First, vacuum each sample chamber from bottom to top and close the injection valve from bottom to top in turn, then open the vent, deflate the sample chamber V0, open the injection cover, load the raw material I to be smelted (iron-nickel alloy, mass ratio Fe:Ni=5:1), close the injection cover, close the vent, vacuum the sample chamber V0 through the suction port, open the injection valve T0, the raw material I in the sample chamber V0 enters the sample chamber V1, close the injection valve T0, open the injection valve T1, the raw material I in the sample chamber V1 enters V2, refer to the above steps, put the raw material I to be smelted, raw material II (iron-nickel alloy, mass ratio Fe:Ni=4:1), raw material III (iron-nickel alloy, mass ratio Fe:Ni=3:1) into the sample chambers V2, V1, and V0 from bottom to top in turn, and evacuate the sample chambers to ensure that each sample chamber is in a vacuum state;

[0038] 2) opening the injection valve at the bottom of the batch continuous injection mechanism, allowing the raw material I in the bottom sample chamber V2 to fall into the first arc melting sample holder at the bottom, and starting the arc by touching the arc starting end with the arc pen to start the arc, and then starting the arc melting process. After the arc melting is completed, the arc melting sample holder is rotated, and the second arc melting sample holder is aligned with the batch continuous injection mechanism, and the injection valve at the bottom of the sample chamber V1 is opened, so that the raw material II in the sample chamber V1 falls into the second arc melting sample holder for arc melting, and the three raw materials are melted in sequence until the arc melting is completed, and master alloy I, master alloy II, and master alloy III are obtained in the three arc melting sample holders respectively;

[0039] 3) Open the partition between the arc melting chamber and the induction melting chamber, and open the first arc melting sample holder downwards. See the working diagram of the arc melting sample holder. Figure 2 , the mother alloy I in the first arc melting sample holder falls into the crucible 1 below, an induction coil is arranged outside the crucible 1, the partition is closed, and after induction melting, the crucible 1 is moved out of the induction coil by a retractable crucible clamp, the partition is opened, and the mother alloy II in the second arc melting sample holder above is received by another crucible 2 and then moved into the induction coil for induction melting, and the three mother alloys are melted in sequence until the induction melting of the three mother alloys is completed, and three iron-nickel alloys with different composition ratios are obtained, namely, iron-nickel alloy I (mass ratio Fe:Ni=5:1), iron-nickel alloy II (mass ratio Fe:Ni=4:1), and iron-nickel alloy III (mass ratio Fe:Ni=3:1).

[0040] The metal alloy batch continuous composite smelting device of the present embodiment realizes batch continuous smelting production of alloys of three different compositions and batches, thereby improving production efficiency.

Claims

1. A metal alloy batch continuous composite smelting device, characterized in that: The composite smelting device comprises a batch continuous sample feeding mechanism, an arc smelting chamber and an induction smelting chamber; The main body of the batch continuous sampling mechanism comprises a tubular structure vertically arranged above the arc melting chamber, the interior of which is divided into a plurality of sealable sample chambers V0, V1, V2, ..., Vn by a plurality of sampling valves, where n≥2; An arc pen, an arc starting end and a plurality of rotatable arc melting sample holders are provided in the arc melting chamber. The arc melting sample holders can be opened and closed downwards, and each arc melting sample holder can be rotated to the bottom of the sample chamber Vn to receive the raw materials put into the sample chamber Vn; The induction melting chamber is separated from the arc melting chamber by a movable partition. An induction coil and a plurality of crucibles matched with the induction coil are arranged in the induction melting chamber, and the crucibles can be moved into or out of the induction coil.

2. The metal alloy batch continuous composite smelting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The batch continuous sampling mechanism is provided with a sampling port cover plate at the top of the sample chamber V0 for sampling into the sample chamber V0.

3. The metal alloy batch continuous composite smelting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The batch continuous sampling mechanism is provided with an air suction port and an air discharge port on the side of the sample chamber V0.

4. The metal alloy batch continuous composite smelting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc melting chamber is also provided with a retractable crucible clamp for moving the crucible into or out of the induction coil.

5. A method for smelting metal alloys using the metal alloy batch continuous composite smelting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: 1) Opening the injection valves of the batch continuous injection mechanism from top to bottom in sequence, the raw materials to be smelted are placed in the sample chambers Vn, ..., V2, V1, and V0 in sequence from bottom to top, and the sample chambers are evacuated to ensure that each sample chamber is in a vacuum state; 2) opening the injection valve at the bottom of the batch continuous injection mechanism, so that the raw material in the lowest sample chamber Vn falls into the arc melting sample tray below, and placing the raw material in a single sample chamber in an arc melting sample tray for arc melting as needed, and then rotating the arc melting sample tray, aligning another arc melting sample tray with the batch continuous injection mechanism, opening the injection valve at the bottom of the upper layer sample chamber, so that the raw material in the sample chamber falls into the arc melting sample tray for arc melting, and melting in sequence until the end, or placing the raw materials in multiple sample chambers in one arc melting sample tray for arc melting; 3) After the arc melting is completed, the partition between the arc melting chamber and the induction melting chamber is opened, and the arc melting sample holder is opened downward to allow the master alloy in the arc melting sample holder to fall into the crucible below. According to needs, the master alloy in a single arc melting sample holder is dropped into a crucible for induction melting and then removed from the induction coil. The partition is opened, and another crucible is used to receive the master alloy in the upper arc melting sample holder and then moved into the induction coil for induction melting. The melting is performed in sequence until the end, or the master alloys in multiple arc melting sample holders are placed in one crucible for induction melting.

6. The method for melting a metal alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that: Step 1) The specific steps of placing the raw materials to be smelted into the sample chambers Vn, ..., V2, V1, and V0 in sequence from bottom to top are as follows: S1. First, vacuumize each sample chamber from bottom to top and close the injection valves from bottom to top in turn, then open the vent, deflate the sample chamber V0, open the injection port cover, load the raw material I to be smelted, close the injection port cover, close the vent, and vacuumize the sample chamber V0 through the suction port; S2, open the injection valve T0, and the raw material I in the sample chamber V0 enters the sample chamber V1; S3, close the injection valve T0, open the injection valve T1, and the raw material I in the sample chamber V1 enters V2; S4, closing the injection valve of the previous layer and opening the injection valve of the next layer in sequence until the raw material I reaches the last level sample chamber Vn; S5. Referring to steps S1 to S4, the raw materials I, II, III, ... to be smelted are placed into sample chambers Vn, ..., V2, V1, V0 from bottom to top in sequence.

7. The metal alloy prepared by the method for smelting metal alloy according to claim 5 or 6.

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