Multi-modal polarization snapshot imaging system and imaging method

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-mode polarization snapshot imaging system and method, and relates to the technical field of multi-spectral polarization imaging, and the imaging system comprises a polarization module which is used for carrying out the polarization separation of an original light beam, so as to form a plurality of polarized light beams in preset polarization directions and a plurality of non-polarized intensity light beams; the light filtering module is used for carrying out spectrum filtering treatment on the intensity light beam and the polarized light beam to form a corresponding intensity filtering light beam and a corresponding polarized filtering light beam; the lens module is used for respectively focusing the intensity filtering light beam and the polarization filtering light beam; and the sensor module is used for respectively imaging the focused intensity filtering light beam and the polarized filtering light beam to generate a multi-modal polarized image, and the multi-modal polarized image comprises a plurality of intensity images and a plurality of polarized images corresponding to the original light beam. The method has the advantages of flexible parameter configuration, mature and feasible process, high integration level and relatively low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of multi-spectral polarization imaging, and in particular to a multi-modal polarization snapshot imaging system and an imaging method. Background Art

[0002] Multispectral polarization imaging detection has the ability to detect multi-dimensional comprehensive information such as spectrum, polarization, intensity, geometry, and time. Multimodal multispectral polarization snapshot imaging technology has a wide range of applications in atmospheric remote sensing, forest vegetation remote sensing, artificial target identification, deep space terrestrial planet detection, stellar magnetic field detection, life science and biomedical research. With the development of remote sensing detection technology, intensity, spectrum, polarization, geometric information, etc. are detected simultaneously. High spatial resolution, miniaturization, and high integration are the development trends of polarization remote sensing detection.

[0003] According to the different working modes of polarization imaging, there are three types of multispectral polarization imagers: time modulation, space modulation, and spectral modulation. In the existing technology, multispectral polarization imagers have problems such as low spatial resolution, large size, heavy weight, and high cost, and cannot meet the higher requirements of payload performance and resources for aviation and deep space exploration. Therefore, there is room for improvement. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system and imaging method, which are used to solve the technical problems of low spatial resolution, large size, heavy weight and high cost of multispectral polarization imagers in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives and other related objectives, the present invention provides a multi-modal polarization snapshot imaging system, comprising:

[0006] A polarization module, used for performing polarization separation processing on the original light beam to form a plurality of polarized light beams with preset polarization directions and a plurality of non-polarized intensity light beams;

[0007] A filter module, used for performing spectral filtering on the intensity light beam and the polarization light beam to form corresponding intensity filtered light beam and polarization filtered light beam;

[0008] a lens module, used for focusing the intensity-filtered light beam and the polarization-filtered light beam respectively; and

[0009] The sensor module is used to image the focused intensity-filtered light beam and the polarization-filtered light beam respectively to generate a multimodal polarization image, wherein the multimodal polarization image includes a plurality of intensity images and a plurality of polarization images corresponding to the original light beam.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the polarization module includes:

[0011] a plurality of intensity channels, through which the original light beam is transformed into an intensity light beam, and the intensity light beam has the same intensity information as the original light beam; and

[0012] A plurality of polarizers, wherein the original light beam is incident on the polarizer to form a polarized light beam with a corresponding polarization direction.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the filter module includes:

[0014] a plurality of intensity filters, the intensity light beams being incident on the intensity filters to form corresponding intensity filtered light beams; and

[0015] A plurality of polarization filters, each of the polarized light beams is incident on the plurality of polarization filters respectively to form a corresponding polarization filtered light beam.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the number of the polarizers is m, the number of the polarization filters is n, and the multiple original light beams are incident on the m polarizers and n polarization filters in sequence to form m*n polarization filtered light beams with different polarization directions and bands.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the number of the intensity filters is p, and a plurality of the intensity light beams are incident on the p intensity filters to form p intensity filtered light beams of different wavelength bands.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the lens module comprises:

[0019] a plurality of lens groups, each lens group corresponding to one of the intensity-filtered light beams or one of the polarization-filtered light beams; and

[0020] A plurality of spacers are respectively arranged outside the optical channel of each lens group.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sensor module is a sensor array of multiple units, or a surface array sensor.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, the multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system further includes a solution processing module, which is used to perform radiation calibration processing on multiple intensity images of the multimodal polarization image to generate intensity information of the original light beam.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, the solution processing module is further used to calculate the Stokes parameter of each pixel in the multiple polarization images of the multi-modal polarization image to generate the polarization information of the original light beam.

[0024] The present invention also provides a multi-modal polarization snapshot imaging method, comprising:

[0025] Performing polarization separation processing on the original light beam to form a plurality of polarized light beams with preset polarization directions and a plurality of non-polarized intensity light beams;

[0026] Performing spectral filtering on the intensity light beam and the polarization light beam to form corresponding intensity-filtered light beam and polarization-filtered light beam;

[0027] focusing the intensity-filtered light beam and the polarization-filtered light beam respectively;

[0028] The focused intensity-filtered light beam and the polarization-filtered light beam are imaged respectively to generate a multimodal polarization image, wherein the multimodal polarization image includes a plurality of intensity images and a plurality of polarization images corresponding to the original light beam.

[0029] As described above, a multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system and imaging method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: the present invention has the advantages of flexible parameter configuration, mature and simple process, high integration and relatively low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a multi-modal polarization snapshot imaging system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a polarization module and a filter module provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of a lens module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing a multi-spectral polarization image provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 A flowchart of a multi-modal polarization snapshot imaging method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure:

[0036] 100, polarization module; 110, intensity channel; 120, polarizer; 121, first direction polarizer; 122, second direction polarizer; 123, third direction polarizer;

[0037] 200, filter module; 210, intensity filter; 220, polarization filter; 221, first band filter; 222, second band filter 223, third band filter;

[0038] 300, lens module; 310, lens group; 311, intensity band microlens; 312, polarization band microlens; 320, spacer;

[0039] 400. sensor module;

[0040] 500. Multimodal polarization image; 510. Polarization image; 520. Intensity image. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0042] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention, and thus the drawings only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0043] In the following description, numerous details are discussed to provide a more thorough explanation of the embodiments of the present invention. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented without these specific details. In other embodiments, well-known structures and devices are shown in the form of block diagrams rather than in detail to avoid making the embodiments of the present invention difficult to understand.

[0044] The present invention provides a multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system and imaging method, which relates to the field of multispectral polarization imaging technology, and can be specifically applied to solve the problems of low spatial resolution, large volume, large weight, high cost, great difficulty in installation and adjustment, and long development cycle in the prior art of multispectral polarization imaging. The present invention can meet the requirements of aviation, deep space exploration, etc. for higher load performance and resources. The following is a detailed description through specific embodiments.

[0045] See also Figure 1In one embodiment of the present invention, the multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system of the present invention may include a polarization module 100, a filter module 200, a lens module 300 and a sensor module 400 arranged in sequence along the propagation direction of the original light beam. Among them, the polarization module 100 can be used for polarization separation processing of the original light beam. Specifically, the polarization module 100 can filter out a light beam with a preset polarization direction from the original light beam, thereby forming a plurality of polarized light beams. At the same time, the polarization module 100 can also be used to allow the original light beam to pass directly without being affected by the polarizer, thereby forming an intensity light beam. The filter module 200 can be used to perform spectral filtering processing on the intensity light beam and the polarized light beam, thereby forming a corresponding plurality of intensity filtered light beams and a plurality of polarization filtered light beams. The lens module 300 can be used to focus the plurality of intensity filtered light beams and the plurality of polarization filtered light beams respectively. The sensor module 400 can be used to image the focused intensity filtered light beam and the polarization filtered light beam respectively, thereby forming a multimodal polarization image of the original light beam. In this embodiment, the multimodal polarization image includes an intensity image generated corresponding to the plurality of intensity filtered light beams, and a polarization image generated corresponding to the plurality of polarization filtered light beams.

[0046] See also Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, the polarization module 100 can be used to simultaneously analyze the intensity and polarization characteristics of the original light beam, so as to be applicable to applications such as remote sensing, biomedical imaging, and environmental monitoring that require fast and accurate imaging. For example, in remote sensing technology, the intensity information of light can help determine the reflectivity of the surface of an object, while the polarization information can provide additional information about the surface properties of the object (such as roughness, material type, etc.). In this embodiment, the polarization module 100 may include an intensity channel 110 and a plurality of polarizers 120. Among them, the intensity channel 110 may be a blank area, that is, no polarizer or other optical element is installed therein. When the original light beam passes through the intensity channel 110, it will not be subjected to any polarization processing, thereby retaining the original intensity information. The plurality of polarizers 120 have different polarization directions, which can be used to analyze the characteristics of the original light beam under different polarization states. In this embodiment, the original light beam is incident on a plurality of polarizers 120, and polarized light beams of corresponding polarization directions can be formed respectively. The polarizer 120 can use a high extinction ratio polarizer, and its extinction ratio (Extinction Ratio) must be greater than or equal to 200. It can be seen that when the original light beam passes through the polarizer, the light with undesired polarization direction is greatly weakened, while the light with desired polarization direction is attenuated as little as possible, which can be used to precisely control the polarization of light.

[0047] See also Figure 2In one embodiment of the present invention, the number of polarizers 120 can be set to three, which can be divided into a first direction polarizer 121, a second direction polarizer 122, and a third direction polarizer 123. After the original light beam passes through the first direction polarizer 121, the second direction polarizer 122, and the third direction polarizer 123, a vibration direction of θ 1 ,θ 2 ,θ 3 Linearly polarized light. In this embodiment, the above-mentioned three polarizers 120 can correspond to different polarization directions such as 0°, 60°, and 120°, respectively, so that the polarization information of the original light beam can be fully acquired. The shape of the polarizer 120 can be a 1*3 rectangular unit, and the first direction polarizer 121, the second direction polarizer 122, and the third direction polarizer 123 can be arranged in parallel in a horizontal direction to form a 3*3 square array. The shape of the intensity channel 110 can be an L-shaped array composed of 7 1*1 square unit channels, and the L-shaped array can be connected to the two sides of the above-mentioned 3*3 square array. It can be seen that the shape of the polarization module 100 can be a 4*4 square array. After the original light beam passes through the polarization module 100, 3 polarized light beams with different vibration directions and 7 light beams with the same intensity can be formed.

[0048] See also Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, the filter module 200 may include a plurality of intensity filters 210 and a plurality of polarization filters 220. Among them, the intensity filter 210 can be used to perform intensity spectral separation on the intensity light beam. Intensity spectral separation refers to the process of separating light according to its different wavelengths and measuring the light intensity at each wavelength. In this embodiment, after the intensity light beam is incident on the intensity filter 210, an intensity filtered light beam of the corresponding wavelength can be formed. The polarization filter 220 can be used to perform polarization spectral separation on the polarized light beam. Polarization spectral separation refers to the process of further separating polarized light according to its spectral components on the basis of separation according to the polarization state of light. In this embodiment, multiple polarized light beams can be incident on each polarization filter 220 to form corresponding polarization filtered light beams. In this embodiment, both the intensity filter 210 and the polarization filter 220 use narrow-band high out-of-band suppression filters. Narrowband high out-of-band rejection filters allow light within a very narrow wavelength range to pass, while light at other wavelengths is blocked or greatly attenuated. Therefore, they have high central wavelength selectivity and can accurately select the required spectral range.

[0049] See also Figure 2In one embodiment of the present invention, the number of polarization filters can be set to 3, which can be divided into a first band filter 221, a second band filter 222 and a third band filter 223, corresponding to the filter bands λ 1 ,λ 2 ,λ 3 . In this embodiment, the shape of the polarization filter can be a 3*1 rectangular unit, and the first band filter 210, the second band filter 220, and the third band filter 230 can be connected in parallel in the vertical direction to form a 3*3 square array. In this embodiment, according to the propagation direction of the polarized light beam, the array composed of multiple polarizers 120 can be vertically projected on the array composed of multiple polarization filters 220, and the array arrangement direction of the polarizers 120 is perpendicular to the array arrangement direction of the polarization filters 220. It can be seen that when the number of polarizers 120 is m and the number of polarization filters 220 is n, after multiple original light beams pass through m polarizers 120 and n polarization filters 220 in sequence, m*n polarization filter light beams can be formed, and each polarization filter light beam has a different polarization direction and band. For example, multiple original light beams pass through the first direction polarizer 120, the second direction polarizer 130, and the third direction polarizer 140 to form polarized light beams in three polarization directions. The polarized light beams in three polarization directions pass through the first band filter 221 , the second band filter 222 , and the third band filter 223 to form nine polarization filtered light beams.

[0050] See also Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present invention, when the number of intensity filters 210 is p, multiple intensity light beams are incident on the p intensity filters 210, and then p intensity filtered light beams of different wavelength bands can be formed. For example, the number of intensity filters 210 can be set to 7, corresponding to the filter wavelength bands λ 4 ,λ 5 ,λ 6 ,λ 7 ,λ 8 ,λ 9 ,λ 10 , multiple intensity light beams are incident on the seven intensity filters 210, and the intensity filtered light beams of the above-mentioned seven bands are generated accordingly. In this embodiment, the shape formed by the multiple intensity filters 210 is the same as the shape of the intensity channel 110. Therefore, according to the propagation direction of the intensity light beam, the array of the intensity channel 110 can be vertically projected on the array formed by the multiple intensity filters 210. After the original light beam passes through the intensity channel 110, an intensity light beam is formed, and the intensity light beam passes through the seven intensity filters 210, thereby forming seven intensity filtered light beams corresponding to different bands.

[0051] See also Figure 3In one embodiment of the present invention, the lens module 300 may include a plurality of lens groups 310 and a plurality of spacers 320. Among them, the lens group 310 can be divided into an intensity band microlens 311 and a polarization band microlens 312. The plurality of lens groups 310 may be located on the same plane. In this embodiment, the plurality of lens groups 310 may form a 4*4 square array. Each intensity band microlens 311 may focus an intensity filtered light beam, and each polarization band microlens 312 may focus a polarization filtered light beam. The plurality of spacers 320 may be respectively arranged on the outer side of the optical channel of each lens group 310, so as to isolate the optical channel of each lens group 310 and avoid optical cross-talk between the optical channels of each lens group 310. Optical cross-talk refers to the phenomenon that in a system, the optical signal emitted by one channel or component interferes with another channel or component. This phenomenon is usually undesirable because it will cause image quality degradation, signal distortion or other performance problems. The spacer 320 may be made of non-transparent materials such as stainless steel.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the polarization module 100 and the filter module 200 can be set to 0.5 mm, and the size of the lens group 310 can be set to 2.5 mm*2.5 mm. It can be seen that the sizes of the polarization module 100, the filter module 200, and the lens module 300 all meet the optical cold processing technology capabilities and have a suitable thickness-to-width ratio, which can reduce the influence of stray light.

[0053] See also Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, the sensor module 400 may be a sensor array of multiple units, or may be a surface array sensor such as CCD, CMOS, etc. In this embodiment, the original light beam first passes through the polarizer 120 and the intensity channel 110 of the polarization module 100, then passes through the polarization band filter 220 and the intensity band filter 210 of the filter module 200, and then is imaged onto the sensor module 400 by the intensity band microlens 311 and the polarization band microlens 312. The sensor module 40 takes a snapshot in the direction of the optical axis of the lens module 300, thereby generating a multi-modal polarization image of the original light beam.

[0054] See also Figure 4 In one embodiment of the present invention, the multimodal polarization image 510 is 16-channel image data, including 9 polarization images 510 and 7 intensity images 520. The multimodal polarization image contains the intensity information, polarization information, spectrum information and spatial information of the original light beam at the same time.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, the multi-modal polarization snapshot imaging system further includes a solution processing module. The solution processing module can be used to perform information solution processing on the multi-modal polarization image, thereby generating intensity information and polarization information of the original light beam.

[0056] In this embodiment, first, the solution processing module performs geometric matching processing on the captured multimodal polarization image to obtain 16 frames of two-dimensional image data of the original light beam. The geometric matching processing is used to correct the geometric deformation between images so that images from different perspectives can be aligned so that their corresponding pixels can be compared. In this embodiment, the DN value corresponding to the pixel coordinate (x, y) is expressed as DN x,y .

[0057] Then, by performing radiation calibration on multiple intensity images in the multimodal polarization image, the intensity information of the original light beam, i.e., the spectral radiation brightness value I k (k=4, 5,…, 10).

[0058] Next, the Stokes parameters of each pixel in the multiple polarization images are calculated. The Stokes parameters include I, Q, and U. Among them, I represents the total radiance (Total Intensity). Q represents the difference between the linear polarization components of the light in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. U represents the difference between the linear polarization components of the light in the 60° direction and the 120° direction. In this embodiment, the Stokes parameters of the pixel can satisfy the following formula:

[0059]

[0060] in, represents the radiance at position (x, y), band k, polarization channel i, and They represent the Stokes parameters Q and U at the same position and under the same conditions. k is used to distinguish the bands, k = 1, 2, 3. 1, 2, 3 represent the three polarization channels involved in the calculation, usually P1, P2, P3. (x, y) represents the corresponding pixel coordinates of the spatial position on the image plane of each channel. It is the background signal of the three channels of each band P1, P2, and P3. represents the absolute radiation responsivity of the k-band reference channel, Indicates the gain coefficient of the k-band reference channel. In this embodiment, P2 is selected as the reference channel in the combination of P1, P2, and P3.

[0061] Finally, the degree of polarization of each pixel is calculated based on the Stokes parameters Degree of Polarization The following formula can be satisfied:

[0062]

[0063] Furthermore, the polarization degree of each pixel is calculated and a polarization degree map showing the polarization degree distribution of the entire field of view is generated. The polarization degree map can reflect the polarization information of the original light beam. The polarization degree map can help researchers better understand the distribution of polarized light in the scene and is applicable to technical fields such as remote sensing, astronomical observation, and medical imaging.

[0064] It can be seen that the present invention integrates the intensity, polarization, and spectrum detection capabilities on a sensor surface, and uses a snapshot method to simultaneously obtain the intensity, polarization, spectrum, and geometric information of the original light beam. On the basis of retaining the advantages of the traditional aperture multi-spectral polarization detection technology such as high polarization extinction ratio, high spectral out-of-band suppression performance, and multiple bands, it solves the problems of large volume, weight, and power consumption of the traditional aperture multi-spectral polarization detection technology. The present invention does not require complex optical systems such as grating spectrometry for spectral modulation and rotating parts for time modulation, and has the advantages of simple system structure, small volume, high structural strength, and high reliability. It is particularly suitable for aerospace detection fields such as earth observation and planetary detection in remote sensing detection.

[0065] See also Figure 5 The present invention also provides a multi-modal polarization snapshot imaging method, which is applied to the multi-modal polarization snapshot imaging system described in any of the above embodiments. The multi-modal polarization snapshot imaging method may include the following steps:

[0066] Step S100, performing polarization separation processing on the original light beam to form a plurality of polarized light beams with preset polarization directions and a plurality of non-polarized intensity light beams;

[0067] Step S200, performing spectral filtering on the intensity light beam and the polarization light beam to form corresponding intensity filtered light beam and polarization filtered light beam;

[0068] Step S300, focusing the intensity-filtered light beam and the polarization-filtered light beam respectively;

[0069] Step S400: imaging the focused intensity-filtered light beam and the polarization-filtered light beam respectively to generate a multi-modal polarization image, wherein the multi-modal polarization image includes a plurality of intensity images and a plurality of polarization images corresponding to the original light beam.

[0070] In one embodiment of the present invention, when step S100 is executed, the original light beam is polarized and separated to form a plurality of polarized light beams with preset polarization directions and a plurality of non-polarized intensity light beams. Specifically, the original light beam is polarized and separated by the polarization module 100 to form a plurality of polarized light beams with preset polarization directions and a plurality of non-polarized intensity light beams. In this embodiment, the polarization module 100 may include an intensity channel 110 and a plurality of polarizers 120. Among them, the intensity channel 110 may be a blank area, that is, no polarizer or other optical element is installed therein. When the original light beam passes through the intensity channel 110, it will not be subjected to any polarization processing, thereby retaining the original intensity information. The plurality of polarizers 120 have different polarization directions, which can be used to analyze the characteristics of the original light beam under different polarization states. In this embodiment, the original light beam is incident on a plurality of polarizers 120, and polarized light beams with corresponding polarization directions can be formed respectively.

[0071] In one embodiment of the present invention, when step S200 is executed, the intensity light beam and the polarized light beam are spectrally filtered to form corresponding intensity-filtered light beams and polarization-filtered light beams. Specifically, the intensity light beam and the polarized light beam are spectrally filtered by the filter module 200 to form corresponding intensity-filtered light beams and polarization-filtered light beams. In this embodiment, the filter module 200 may include a plurality of intensity filters 210 and a plurality of polarization filters 220. Among them, the intensity filter 210 can be used to perform intensity spectral spectroscopy on the intensity light beam. After the intensity light beam is incident on the intensity filter 210, an intensity-filtered light beam of a corresponding wavelength can be formed. The polarization filter 220 can be used to perform polarization spectral spectroscopy on the polarized light beam. Multiple polarized light beams can be incident on each polarization filter 220 to form corresponding polarization-filtered light beams.

[0072] In one embodiment of the present invention, when step S300 is executed, the intensity-filtered light beam and the polarization-filtered light beam are focused respectively. Specifically, the intensity-filtered light beam and the polarization-filtered light beam are focused respectively by the lens module 300. In this embodiment, the lens module 300 may include a plurality of lens groups 310 and a plurality of spacers 320. Among them, the lens group 310 can be divided into an intensity band microlens 311 and a polarization band microlens 312. The plurality of lens groups 310 may be located on the same plane. In this embodiment, the plurality of lens groups 310 may form a 4*4 square array. Each intensity band microlens 311 may focus an intensity-filtered light beam, and each polarization band microlens 312 may focus a polarization-filtered light beam. The plurality of spacers 320 may be respectively arranged on the outside of the optical channel of each lens group 310, so as to isolate the optical channel of each lens group 310 and avoid optical crosstalk between the optical channels of each lens group 310.

[0073] In one embodiment of the present invention, when step S400 is executed, the focused intensity-filtered light beam and the polarization-filtered light beam are imaged respectively to generate a multimodal polarization image, and the multimodal polarization image includes a plurality of intensity images and a plurality of polarization images corresponding to the original light beam. Specifically, the focused intensity-filtered light beam and the polarization-filtered light beam are imaged respectively by the sensor module 400 to generate a multimodal polarization image. In this embodiment, the sensor module 400 may be a sensor array of multiple units, or may be a surface array sensor such as a CCD, a CMOS, etc. In this embodiment, the original light beam first passes through the polarizer 120 and the intensity channel 110 of the polarization module 100, and then passes through the polarization band filter 220 and the intensity band filter 210 of the filter module 200, and then is imaged onto the sensor module 400 by the intensity band microlens 311 and the polarization band microlens 312, and the sensor module 40 takes a snapshot in the direction of the optical axis of the lens module 300, thereby generating a multimodal polarization image of the original light beam.

[0074] In summary, the present invention discloses a multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system and imaging method, which can flexibly configure polarization detection direction, polarization detection band, intensity detection band, and microlens group, and has flexible parameter configuration and excellent application technology indicator matching ability. The present invention adopts independent microlens group design and surface array detection, which can achieve high spatial resolution and certain width detection capability, and solves the problem of small spatial resolution and small width of traditional aperture multi-spectral polarization detection technology. The present invention adopts microlens group produced by traditional optical processing technology, high extinction ratio polarizer, and narrow-band filter assembly with high out-of-band suppression of traditional technology. The process is relatively mature and simple, with high integration, relatively low cost, and high degree of realization, which solves the problem of large volume, large weight and high cost of traditional aperture multi-spectral polarization detection technology system. At the same time, the present invention can be configured with multiple bands and spectral ranges, which is suitable for remote sensing detection applications such as atmospheric aerosols. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings in the prior art and has a high industrial utilization value.

[0075] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-modal polarization snapshot imaging system, characterized in that: include: A polarization module, used for performing polarization separation processing on the original light beam to form a plurality of polarized light beams with preset polarization directions and a plurality of non-polarized intensity light beams; A filter module, used for performing spectral filtering on the intensity light beam and the polarization light beam to form corresponding intensity filtered light beam and polarization filtered light beam; A lens module, used for focusing the intensity-filtered light beam and the polarization-filtered light beam respectively; as well as The sensor module is used to image the focused intensity-filtered light beam and the polarization-filtered light beam respectively to generate a multimodal polarization image, wherein the multimodal polarization image includes a plurality of intensity images and a plurality of polarization images corresponding to the original light beam.

2. The multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polarization module comprises: a plurality of intensity channels, through which the original light beam is transformed into an intensity light beam, and the intensity light beam has the same intensity information as the original light beam; and A plurality of polarizers, wherein the original light beam is incident on the polarizer to form a polarized light beam with a corresponding polarization direction.

3. The multi-modal polarization snapshot imaging system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter module comprises: a plurality of intensity filters, the intensity light beams being incident on the intensity filters to form corresponding intensity filtered light beams; and A plurality of polarization filters, each of the polarized light beams is incident on the plurality of polarization filters respectively to form a corresponding polarization filtered light beam.

4. The multi-modal polarization snapshot imaging system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the polarizers is m, the number of the polarization filters is n, and the multiple original light beams are incident on the m polarizers and the n polarization filters in sequence to form m*n polarization filtered light beams with different polarization directions and bands.

5. The multi-modal polarization snapshot imaging system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the intensity filters is p, and the plurality of intensity light beams are incident on the p intensity filters to form p intensity filtered light beams of different wavelength bands.

6. The multi-modal polarization snapshot imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lens module comprises: a plurality of lens groups, each lens group corresponding to one of the intensity-filtered light beams or one of the polarization-filtered light beams; and A plurality of spacers are respectively arranged outside the optical channel of each lens group.

7. The multi-modal polarization snapshot imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor module is a sensor array of multiple units, or a surface array sensor.

8. The multi-modal polarization snapshot imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system further includes a solution processing module, which is used to perform radiation calibration processing on multiple intensity images of the multimodal polarization image to generate intensity information of the original light beam.

9. The multi-modal polarization snapshot imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solution processing module is also used to calculate the Stokes parameter of each pixel in the multiple polarization images of the multi-modal polarization image to generate the polarization information of the original light beam.

10. A multi-modal polarization snapshot imaging method, characterized in that: include: Performing polarization separation processing on the original light beam to form a plurality of polarized light beams with preset polarization directions and a plurality of non-polarized intensity light beams; Performing spectral filtering on the intensity light beam and the polarization light beam to form corresponding intensity-filtered light beam and polarization-filtered light beam; focusing the intensity-filtered light beam and the polarization-filtered light beam respectively; The focused intensity-filtered light beam and the polarization-filtered light beam are imaged respectively to generate a multimodal polarization image, wherein the multimodal polarization image includes a plurality of intensity images and a plurality of polarization images corresponding to the original light beam.

Images