Unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and analysis system applied to biodiversity evaluation

Abstract

The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and analysis system applied to biodiversity evaluation. The system comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle main body; the sampling analysis mechanism comprises a bracket arranged at the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle main body, and a sampling part and an analysis part are arranged in the bracket. A plurality of sampling bottles are supported by the rotary support frame, and the drainage pipe and the analysis part correspond to one sampling bottle, so that when the unmanned aerial vehicle main body samples through the sampling analysis mechanism, multiple sampling can be carried out, sampled water can be classified and stored through different sampling bottles, and water quality analysis work can be respectively carried out through the analysis part; and the biodiversity evaluation result accuracy and the working efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biodiversity assessment, and in particular to an unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and analysis system applied to biodiversity assessment. Background Art

[0002] Biodiversity is an important indicator of ecosystem health and stability, reflecting the richness and diversity of species in an ecosystem. With the intensification of human activities, biodiversity faces severe threats such as habitat loss, environmental pollution, and climate change. Effective biodiversity monitoring and assessment are essential for protecting the ecological environment and formulating conservation policies. However, traditional biodiversity assessment methods mainly rely on manual sampling and laboratory analysis, which are usually time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly, and their efficiency and accuracy are limited when faced with large areas or difficult-to-reach areas.

[0003] With the development of drone technology, drones are increasingly used in ecological monitoring, which can effectively reduce the intensity of manual labor and improve work efficiency. For example, a water sampling drone with a sampling confirmation function proposed in CN210774843U includes a water sampling drone body and a collection bottle, wherein the bottom end of the water sampling drone body is fixedly connected to a sampling confirmation device, one end of the sampling confirmation device is fixedly connected to a collection bottle, and one end of the water sampling drone body is fixedly connected to a fixing device;

[0004] Although the above-mentioned drones can be used for sampling, they still have the following defects: sampling can only be carried out once each time, and multiple sampling cannot be carried out, which affects the accuracy of biodiversity assessment results. Moreover, when the sampled samples need to be analyzed after sampling, the drone needs to be controlled to fly back to a designated location (such as a laboratory) for manual analysis to conduct biodiversity assessment. It is more troublesome to use and has low work efficiency. Therefore, we propose a drone sampling and analysis system for biodiversity assessment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a drone sampling and analysis system for biodiversity assessment to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A UAV sampling and analysis system for biodiversity assessment, comprising:

[0008] The drone body;

[0009] The sampling and analysis mechanism comprises a bracket arranged at the bottom of the drone body, wherein the bracket is provided with a sampling part and an analysis part; wherein,

[0010] The sampling part comprises a rotating support frame rotatably arranged in the bracket, a plurality of sampling bottles which are movably embedded in the top of the rotating support frame in an annular array and are hollow at the top, and a covering frame which is attached to the top of the plurality of sampling bottles and fixed in the bracket, wherein a through opening corresponding to and communicating with a sampling bottle is opened on the covering frame, a water pump is arranged on the top of the covering frame, a telescopic sampling tube passing through the center of the rotating support frame is arranged at the input end of the water pump, a drainage pipe is arranged at the output end of the water pump, and the other end of the drainage pipe passes through the covering frame and corresponds to a sampling bottle at a non-through opening; and,

[0011] The analysis part is arranged on the top of the covering frame and corresponds to the through opening, and is used for analyzing the water quality in the sampling bottle.

[0012] A further improvement is that the rotating support frame comprises:

[0013] A mounting frame, which is detachably arranged in the bracket;

[0014] A rotating disk is rotatably arranged in the mounting frame, and a plurality of grooves for accommodating sampling bottles are provided in a circular array on the top of the rotating disk; and

[0015] The driving member is arranged on the mounting frame, and its output end is drivingly connected with the rotating disk, and is used for driving the rotating disk to rotate a preset angle relative to the mounting frame.

[0016] A further improvement is that the analysis unit comprises:

[0017] A sleeve is connected to the bracket and corresponds to the through port, a hollow rod is movably inserted into the top of the sleeve, a main detection probe is provided at the bottom of the hollow rod, and the main detection probe is connected to the water quality analyzer on the inner wall of the bracket through a wire; and,

[0018] The second telescopic device is arranged at the top of the sleeve and one end of which is connected to the top of the hollow rod, and is used to drive the hollow rod to move up and down along the axis of the sleeve.

[0019] A further improvement is that the analysis unit further includes:

[0020] There are two sets of sealing plates for closing the opening. The sealing plates of the two sets are slidably arranged in the recesses opened on the top of the covering frame and fit with the sleeve. The two sets of sealing plates are provided with movable rods on the opposite sides. The movable rods are movable and penetrate the protrusions fixed in the recesses.

[0021] A connecting rod, one end of which is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the movable rod, and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the top of the hollow rod, and is used to drive the two sets of sealing plates to move away from each other to open the opening when the hollow rod moves downward; and

[0022] The elastic member is sleeved on the outer wall of the movable rod and is used for driving the two sets of sealing plates to reset when the hollow rod moves upward.

[0023] A further improvement is that the analysis unit further includes:

[0024] A cleaning liquid tank is arranged on the cover frame and is used to store cleaning liquid. A water pump 2 is arranged on the cleaning liquid tank. The input end of the water pump 2 is connected to the cleaning liquid tank through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the sleeve through a liquid spray pipe; and,

[0025] A water-induction pump three is arranged on the cleaning liquid tank, the output end of the water-induction pump three is connected with a micro-filter through a pipeline, the output end of the micro-filter is connected with the cleaning liquid tank, the input end of the water-induction pump three is connected with the inner cavities of two groups of sealing plates through pipelines respectively, and the top of the two groups of sealing plates and the positions on the inner side of the sleeve are provided with liquid inlet holes connected with the inner cavities of the sealing plates.

[0026] A further improvement is that the main detection probe is connected to the bottom end of the hollow rod via a snap fastener;

[0027] The analysis unit also includes:

[0028] A movable frame is horizontally movably inserted on the bracket, one end of the movable frame passes through the sleeve, and the other end is connected to the bracket through a telescopic device 3, one end of the movable frame located in the sleeve is provided with a movable opening for the main detection probe and the hollow rod to pass through, a receiving groove for accommodating the main detection probe is provided on the movable frame on one side of the movable opening, and a secondary detection probe with the same structure as the main detection probe is embedded on the movable frame on one side of the receiving groove; and,

[0029] The convex ring is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve and located above the movable frame. Its inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the hollow rod and smaller than the outer diameter of the main detection probe. It is used to drive the main detection probe to separate from the hollow rod when the hollow rod drives the main detection probe upward to a preset position.

[0030] A further improvement is that the fastener includes a clamping ring respectively arranged on the top of the main detection probe and the auxiliary detection probe, the inner wall of the clamping ring is integrated with a plurality of groups of arc-shaped elastic protrusions, the bottom end of the hollow rod is provided with an inserting ring for inserting the clamping ring, the outer wall of the inserting ring is provided with a groove for the elastic protrusion to enter, the bottom of the inserting ring is provided with a plurality of groups of plugs connected to the wires, and the top of the main detection probe and the auxiliary detection probe and located on the inner side of the clamping ring are provided with a plurality of groups of sockets for inserting the plugs.

[0031] A further improvement is that a collection component is also provided on the main body of the drone, and the collection component includes an image collection device, a sensor collection component, a wireless communication device and a controller.

[0032] A further improvement is that the movable end of the telescopic sampling tube is connected to a water diversion pump through a telescopic device.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1) The present invention supports multiple sampling bottles through a rotating support frame, and each of the drainage pipe and the analysis part corresponds to a sampling bottle, so that the drone body can perform multiple samplings when sampling through the sampling and analysis mechanism, and the sampled water bodies can be classified and stored through different sampling bottles and the water quality analysis work can be performed separately through the analysis part, thereby improving the accuracy of biodiversity assessment results and work efficiency;

[0035] 2) The present invention can detect and analyze the water sampled in the sampling bottle through the main detection probe in the analysis part, and the main detection probe can be cleaned after detection to keep the main detection probe clean, which will lead to deviations in the detection results. When the main detection probe is damaged and cannot be used, it can be replaced with an auxiliary detection probe for use, thereby avoiding long-term work stagnation and ensuring the continuity and stability of the detection and analysis work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sampling and analysis mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Structural cross-section view;

[0039] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure A;

[0040] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the local structure from another perspective.

[0041] In the figure: 100, drone body; 201, sampling and analysis mechanism; 202, bracket; 203, mounting frame; 204, driving member; 205, sampling bottle; 206, covering frame; 207, water pump 1; 208, drainage pipe; 209, telescopic sampling tube; 210, telescopic device 1; 211, sleeve; 212, hollow rod; 213, telescopic device 2; 214, water quality analyzer; 215, main detection probe Head; 216, snap-fit ​​part; 217, sealing plate; 218, movable rod; 219, connecting rod; 220, cleaning liquid tank; 221, water pump 2; 222, water pump 3; 223, movable frame; 224, telescopic device 3; 225, movable opening; 226, receiving groove; 227, auxiliary detection probe; 228, convex ring; 300, acquisition component; 301, image acquisition device; 302, sensor acquisition component; 303, wireless communication equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 2

[0045] A UAV sampling and analysis system for biodiversity assessment, comprising:

[0046] The drone body 100 is a conventional structure in the art and will not be described in detail herein;

[0047] The sampling and analysis mechanism 200 includes a bracket 201 disposed at the bottom of the drone body 100, and a sampling unit and an analysis unit are disposed in the bracket 201; wherein,

[0048] The sampling part includes a rotating support frame rotatably arranged in the support 201, a plurality of sampling bottles 205 movably embedded in the top of the rotating support frame in an annular array and having a hollow top, and a covering frame 206 fitted on the top of the plurality of sampling bottles 205 and fixed in the support 201. A wear-resistant sealing ring can be embedded in the top of the sampling bottle 205 to contact the covering frame 206 to ensure the sealing between the covering frame 206 and the sampling bottle 205, so that the water inside the sampling bottle 205 is not easy to seep out and the wear of the contact between the sampling bottle 205 and the covering frame 206 is reduced. The covering frame 206 is provided with a corresponding sampling bottle 205 and A water pump 207 is provided on the top of the cover frame 206, a telescopic sampling tube 209 passing through the center of the rotating support frame is provided at the input end of the water pump 207, a drain pipe 208 is provided at the output end of the water pump 207, and the other end of the drain pipe 208 passes through the cover frame 206 and corresponds to a sampling bottle 205 at the non-through-port. When in use, the drone body 100 is controlled to fly to a designated position in the water area, and the telescopic sampling tube 209 is extended into the water area. At the same time, the water pump 207 works to draw out the water and discharge it into the corresponding sampling bottle 205 through the drain pipe 208, so as to realize water sampling; and,

[0049] The analysis unit is arranged on the top of the cover frame 206 and corresponds to the through port, and is used to analyze the water quality in the sampling bottle 205. The water quality directly affects the survival and reproduction of aquatic organisms. By analyzing the water quality, the health of the ecosystem can be evaluated, and timely discover and take measures to protect the ecological balance.

[0050] Preferably, the rotating support frame of this embodiment includes:

[0051] The mounting frame 202 is detachably disposed in the bracket 201, for example, by a bolt connection method, so that the mounting frame 202 can be easily disassembled to handle the sampling bottle 205;

[0052] The rotating disk 203 is rotatably mounted in the mounting frame 202 via a bearing, and a plurality of grooves for accommodating the sampling bottles 205 are formed in a circular array on the top of the rotating disk 203; and

[0053] The driving member 204 is arranged on the mounting frame 202, and its output end is transmission-connected with the rotating disk 203, and is used to drive the rotating disk 203 to rotate a preset angle relative to the mounting frame 202. The driving member 204 is, for example, a servo motor and a reducer, and its output end can use a gear to cooperate with the teeth of the outer wall of the rotating disk 203 to drive the rotating disk 203 to rotate. Each time the rotating disk 203 rotates a preset angle, there is a sampling bottle 205 that corresponds to the opening, and a sampling bottle 205 that corresponds to the drain pipe 208.

[0054] Please see attached Figure 3 -Attached Figure 5

[0055] Preferably, the analysis unit of this embodiment includes:

[0056] The sleeve 211 is connected to the bracket 201 through a connecting frame and corresponds to the through port. The bottom of the sleeve 211 is hollow. A hollow rod 212 is movably inserted at the top of the sleeve 211. A main detection probe 215 is provided at the bottom of the hollow rod 212. The main detection probe 215 is, for example, a water quality sensor detection probe. The main detection probe 215 is connected to a water quality analyzer 214 on the inner wall of the bracket 201 through a wire. The main detection probe 215 is a water quality sensor detection probe. The water quality analyzer 214 belongs to conventional equipment in the field and is not described in detail here. The main detection probe 215 detects the water quality in the sampling bottle 205 and sends the detection data to the water quality analyzer 214 for analysis to obtain a water quality analysis result for biodiversity assessment; and,

[0057] The second telescopic device 213 is arranged at the top of the sleeve 211 and one end of which is connected to the top of the hollow rod 212. The second telescopic device 213 is, for example, an electric telescopic rod, which is used to drive the hollow rod 212 to move up and down along the axis of the sleeve 211, so that the main detection probe 215 enters the sampling bottle 205 or leaves the sampling bottle 205.

[0058] Preferably, the analysis unit of this embodiment further includes:

[0059] There are two sets of sealing plates 217 for closing the opening. Both sets of sealing plates 217 are slidably arranged in the recesses opened at the top of the cover frame 206 and fit with the sleeve 211. The two sets of sealing plates 217 form a sealing structure in the inner cavity of the sleeve 211. The two sets of sealing plates 217 are provided with movable rods 218 on the opposite sides of the two sets of sealing plates 217. The movable rods 218 are movable and penetrate the protrusions fixed in the recesses. The movable rods 218 guide the movement of the two sets of sealing plates 217.

[0060] The connecting rod 219 has one end rotatably connected to the outer wall of the movable rod 218 and the other end rotatably connected to the top of the hollow rod 212, and is used to drive the two sets of sealing plates 217 to move away from each other to open the opening when the hollow rod 212 moves downward, so that the main detection probe 215 enters the corresponding sampling bottle 205; and

[0061] An elastic member is sleeved on the outer wall of the movable rod 218, one end of the elastic member is connected to the outer end of the movable rod 218, and the other end is connected to the protrusion. The elastic member is such as a spring, and is used to drive the two sets of sealing plates 217 to reset when the hollow rod 212 moves upward;

[0062] A wear-resistant rubber ring in contact with the top of the sealing plate 217 may be embedded at the bottom of the sleeve 211 to improve the sealing performance of the connection between the sleeve 211 and the sealing plate 217 .

[0063] Preferably, the analysis unit of this embodiment further includes:

[0064] A cleaning liquid tank 220 is provided on the cover frame 206 for storing cleaning liquid. A water pump 221 is provided on the cleaning liquid tank 220. The input end of the water pump 221 is connected to the cleaning liquid tank 220 through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the sleeve 211 through a liquid spraying pipe. After the main detection probe 215 detects the water in a sampling bottle 205, the main detection probe 215 enters the sleeve 211 along with the hollow rod 212. The bottom end of the sleeve 211 is closed by a sealing plate 217. At this time, the water pump 221 is turned on to input the cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid tank 220 into the sleeve 211 through the liquid spraying pipe to clean the main detection probe 215, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the main detection probe 215 when it enters the next sampling bottle 205 for detection; and,

[0065] The water inlet pump 222 is arranged on the cleaning liquid tank 220. The output end of the water inlet pump 222 is connected to the micro filter through a pipeline. The micro filter belongs to conventional equipment in this field and is not described in detail here. The output end of the micro filter is connected to the cleaning liquid tank 220. The input end of the water inlet pump 222 is connected to the inner cavity of the two groups of sealing plates 217 through pipelines. The top of the two groups of sealing plates 217 and the position on the inner side of the sleeve 211 are provided with liquid inlet holes (not shown in the figure) connected to the inner cavity of the sealing plate 217. The cleaning liquid in the sleeve 211 can enter the inner cavity of the sealing plate 217 through the liquid inlet hole. By opening the water inlet pump 222, the cleaning liquid can be drawn out and filtered through the micro filter and then circulated to the cleaning liquid tank 220 for reuse, thereby reducing resource waste and facilitating subsequent detection and analysis work by the main detection probe 215.

[0066] Furthermore, a heating element, such as a heating plate, may be installed on the inner wall of the sleeve 211 to dry the main detection probe 215 cleaned by the cleaning liquid.

[0067] As a preference, the main detection probe 215 of this embodiment is connected to the bottom end of the hollow rod 212 via a snap fitting 216;

[0068] The Analytics Department also includes:

[0069] The movable frame 223 is horizontally movably inserted on the bracket 201. One end of the movable frame 223 passes through the sleeve 211, and the other end is connected to the bracket 201 through the telescopic device 224. The width of the movable frame 223 is smaller than the diameter of the sleeve 211. The telescopic device 224 is used to drive the movable frame 223 to move horizontally relative to the sleeve 211; one end of the movable frame 223 located in the sleeve 211 is provided with a movable opening 225 for the main detection probe 215 and the hollow rod 212 to pass through, and the movable opening 225 does not affect the main detection probe 215 moving with the hollow rod 212. 12 moves up and down and the cleaning liquid flows in the sleeve 211, a receiving groove 226 for receiving the main detection probe 215 is opened on the movable frame 223 on one side of the movable port 225, and the receiving groove 226 is used to receive the main detection probe 215 when the main detection probe 215 is separated from the hollow rod 212. A secondary detection probe 227 with the same structure as the main detection probe 215 is embedded on the movable frame 223 on one side of the receiving groove 226, which is used to be used when the main detection probe 215 is damaged and cannot be used, so as to ensure the stable progress of the detection and analysis work; and,

[0070] The convex ring 228 is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve 211 and is located above the movable frame 223. The inner diameter of the convex ring 228 is larger than the outer diameter of the hollow rod 212 and smaller than the outer diameter of the main detection probe 215. The convex ring 228 is used to drive the main detection probe 215 away from the hollow rod 212 when the hollow rod 212 drives the main detection probe 215 upward to a preset position. Specifically, when the main detection probe 215 needs to be replaced, the hollow rod 212 is driven to drive the main detection probe 215 upward through the telescopic device 213, and the movable frame 223 is driven to move through the telescopic device 3 224, so that the receiving groove 226 is in the sleeve 211. Under the obstruction of the convex ring 228, the main detection probe 215 is separated from the hollow rod 212 and falls into the receiving groove 226;

[0071] It should be noted that the depth of the receiving groove 226 is greater than the height of the main detection probe 215 and the auxiliary detection probe 227 so that the main detection probe 215 or the auxiliary detection probe 227 entering the receiving groove 226 can move out of the sleeve 211 along with the movable frame 223 .

[0072] Preferably, the buckle 216 of this embodiment includes a clamping ring respectively arranged at the top of the main detection probe 215 and the auxiliary detection probe 227, and the inner wall of the clamping ring is integrated with a plurality of groups of arc-shaped elastic protrusions, such as rubber and plastic, etc., and the bottom end of the hollow rod 212 is provided with a plug ring for inserting the clamping ring, the outer diameter of the plug ring is adapted to the inner diameter of the clamping ring, and the outer wall of the plug ring is provided with a groove for the elastic protrusion to enter, and the bottom of the plug ring is provided with a plurality of groups of plugs connected to the wire (the wire is the wire connected to the water quality analyzer 214), and the top of the main detection probe 215 and the auxiliary detection probe 227 and located on the inner side of the clamping ring are provided with a plurality of groups of sockets for inserting the plugs. After the sockets are inserted into the plugs, the water quality data detected by the main detection probe 215 / auxiliary detection probe 227 can be transmitted to the water quality analyzer 214 via the wire for processing. The plug and the socket belong to conventional structures in this field and are not described in detail here.

[0073] Preferably, the drone body 100 of this embodiment is also provided with a collection component 300, which includes an image collection device 301, a sensor collection component 302, a wireless communication device 303 and a controller. The image collection device 301 is, for example, a high-resolution camera, a multi-spectral camera, etc., and the sensor collection component 302 is, for example, an infrared sensor, etc. Richer ecological information can be obtained through the image collection device 301 and the sensor collection component 302, such as plant health status, water body distribution, etc., which is helpful for the accuracy of biodiversity assessment. The wireless communication device 303 is convenient for sending the collected data remotely to the ground control center for biodiversity assessment, and is also convenient for receiving control signals sent by the ground control center, so that the corresponding electrical equipment on the drone body 100 can work.

[0074] Preferably, the movable end of the telescopic sampling tube 209 of the present embodiment is connected to the water pump 207 through a telescopic device 210. The telescopic sampling tube 209 includes a fixed end connected to the input end of the water pump 207 and a movable end movably mounted on the outer wall of the fixed end. The telescopic device 210 is, for example, an electric telescopic rod. The movable end is driven to move relative to the fixed end by the telescopic device 210, thereby enabling water sampling at different depths.

[0075] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A drone sampling and analysis system for biodiversity assessment, characterized in that: include: UAV body (100); The sampling and analysis mechanism (200) comprises a bracket (201) arranged at the bottom of the drone body (100), wherein the bracket (201) is provided with a sampling unit and an analysis unit; wherein: The sampling part comprises a rotating support frame rotatably arranged in the support (201), a plurality of sampling bottles (205) movably embedded in the top of the rotating support frame in an annular array and having a hollow top, and a covering frame (206) fitted on the top of the plurality of sampling bottles (205) and fixed in the support (201), wherein the covering frame (206) is provided with a through opening corresponding to and communicating with a sampling bottle (205), a water pump (207) is provided on the top of the covering frame (206), a telescopic sampling tube (209) passing through the center of the rotating support frame is provided at the input end of the water pump (207), a drainage pipe (208) is provided at the output end of the water pump (207), and the other end of the drainage pipe (208) passes through the covering frame (206) and corresponds to a sampling bottle (205) at a non-through opening; and, The analysis unit is arranged on the top of the cover frame (206) and corresponds to the through opening, and is used to analyze the water quality of the water in the sampling bottle (205).

2. The unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating support frame comprises: A mounting frame (202) is detachably mounted in the bracket (201); A rotating disk (203) is rotatably disposed in the mounting frame (202), and a plurality of grooves for accommodating sampling bottles (205) are formed in a circular array on the top of the rotating disk (203); and The driving member (204) is arranged on the mounting frame (202), and its output end is drivingly connected to the rotating disk (203) for driving the rotating disk (203) to rotate at a preset angle relative to the mounting frame (202).

3. The unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analysis unit comprises: A sleeve (211) is connected to the bracket (201) and corresponds to the through port, a hollow rod (212) is movably inserted into the top of the sleeve (211), a main detection probe (215) is provided at the bottom of the hollow rod (212), and the main detection probe (215) is connected to a water quality analyzer (214) on the inner wall of the bracket (201) through a wire; and, The second telescopic device (213) is arranged at the top of the sleeve (211) and one end of which is connected to the top of the hollow rod (212) and is used to drive the hollow rod (212) to move up and down along the axis of the sleeve (211).

4. The unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and analysis system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The analysis unit also includes: There are two sets of sealing plates (217) for closing the opening. The two sets of sealing plates (217) are slidably arranged in the recesses opened at the top of the covering frame (206) and fit with the sleeve (211). The two sets of sealing plates (217) are provided with movable rods (218) on opposite sides. The movable rods (218) are movable and penetrate the protrusions fixed in the recesses. A connecting rod (219) having one end rotatably connected to the outer wall of the movable rod (218) and the other end rotatably connected to the top of the hollow rod (212) for driving the two sets of sealing plates (217) to move away from each other to open the opening when the hollow rod (212) moves downward; and The elastic member is sleeved on the outer wall of the movable rod (218) and is used to drive the two sets of sealing plates (217) to reset when the hollow rod (212) moves upward.

5. The unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and analysis system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The analysis unit also includes: A cleaning liquid tank (220) is disposed on the cover frame (206) and is used to store cleaning liquid. A second water pump (221) is disposed on the cleaning liquid tank (220). An input end of the second water pump (221) is connected to the cleaning liquid tank (220) through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the sleeve (211) through a liquid spray pipe; and A water inlet pump (222) is arranged on the cleaning liquid tank (220); the output end of the water inlet pump (222) is connected to a micro filter via a pipeline; the output end of the micro filter is connected to the cleaning liquid tank (220); the input end of the water inlet pump (222) is connected to the inner cavities of two groups of sealing plates (217) via pipelines; the tops of the two groups of sealing plates (217) and the positions on the inner side of the sleeve (211) are provided with liquid inlet holes connected to the inner cavities of the sealing plates (217).

6. The unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and analysis system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The main detection probe (215) is connected to the bottom end of the hollow rod (212) via a snap fitting (216); The analysis unit also includes: A movable frame (223) is horizontally movably inserted on the bracket (201); one end of the movable frame (223) passes through the sleeve (211), and the other end is connected to the bracket (201) through a telescopic device (224); one end of the movable frame (223) located in the sleeve (211) is provided with a movable opening (225) for the main detection probe (215) and the hollow rod (212) to pass through; a receiving groove (226) for receiving the main detection probe (215) is provided on the movable frame (223) on one side of the movable opening (225); and a secondary detection probe (227) having the same structure as the main detection probe (215) is embedded on the movable frame (223) on one side of the receiving groove (226); and, The convex ring (228) is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve (211) and is located above the movable frame (223). The inner diameter of the convex ring (228) is larger than the outer diameter of the hollow rod (212) and smaller than the outer diameter of the main detection probe (215). The convex ring (228) is used to drive the main detection probe (215) to separate from the hollow rod (212) when the hollow rod (212) drives the main detection probe (215) upward to a preset position.

7. The unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and analysis system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The snap fastener (216) comprises snap rings respectively arranged at the top of the main detection probe (215) and the auxiliary detection probe (227); the inner wall of the snap ring is integrally provided with a plurality of groups of arc-shaped elastic protrusions; the bottom end of the hollow rod (212) is provided with an insert ring for inserting the snap ring; the outer wall of the insert ring is provided with a groove for the elastic protrusion to enter; the bottom of the insert ring is provided with a plurality of groups of plugs connected to the wires; the top of the main detection probe (215) and the auxiliary detection probe (227) and located on the inner side of the snap ring are provided with a plurality of groups of sockets for inserting the plugs.

8. The unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and analysis system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The drone body (100) is also provided with a collection component (300), and the collection component (300) comprises an image collection device (301), a sensor collection component (302), a wireless communication device (303) and a controller.

9. The unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and analysis system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The movable end of the telescopic sampling tube (209) is connected to a water diversion pump (207) via a telescopic device (210).

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