Flowing water-containing formation fracture plugging simulation device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a flowing water-containing formation fracture plugging simulation device and method.The device comprises a flow channel module, a flow guide module and a fracture simulation module which are sequentially arranged in the water flow direction, flowing water firstly enters the flow channel module and is guided into the fracture simulation module through the flow guide module in the flow channel module, and the flowing water flows into the fracture simulation module through the flow guide module; after the crack simulation module is filled with the flowing water flow and the flowing water flow flows at the set flow speed and the flow speed is stable, plugging slurry is injected into the crack simulation module, so that the crack is plugged under the condition that the crack simulation module contains the flowing water. According to the device and the method, the leakage of the large-size aperture stratum under the condition of containing flowing water can be simulated, and the retention and plugging effects of the plugging slurry in a water-containing leakage channel can be visually analyzed and evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling tests, and in particular to a formation fracture plugging simulation device and method containing flowing water. Background Art

[0002] Loss of oil is one of the major problems in the oil drilling process and is a very common phenomenon in the drilling process. Loss of oil can lead to a decrease in the stability of the wellbore, affect the drilling speed, cause blowouts and even threaten the personal safety of operators, bring great trouble to oil and gas exploration and oil and gas field protection, greatly affect drilling operations and induce other underground complex situations. In severe cases, it can cause underground accidents such as wellbore collapse and drill bit sticking, making safe and efficient well completion face huge challenges.

[0003] There are many reasons for leakage, such as leakage in natural fractures and holes. The more serious one is the vicious leakage often encountered during the drilling process due to the development of caves, fractures and underground rivers. The leakage channels of vicious leakage are large and contain a large amount of active flowing water. Conventional plugging materials cannot efficiently stay in the fracture channels and effectively fill them, and cannot form an effective plugging body, resulting in a very large average single well loss. Some wells are forced to drill with clear water or move the well site, resulting in increased drilling costs.

[0004] Since the underground plugging process is not visible, in order to effectively improve the feasibility and plugging effect of the plugging process, on the basis of the study of leakage mechanism and leakage channel morphology, an indoor formation fracture plugging simulation device is used to simulate the leakage plugging process, so as to carry out plugging evaluation on the actual underground pore space, and then effectively evaluate the leakage characteristics, the effect of the plugging system and the plugging process, which can provide a scientific basis for the formulation and optimization of efficient plugging schemes.

[0005] Most of the existing formation fracture plugging simulation devices are based on the leakage volume and pressure-bearing effect of different evaluation objects passing through the leakage medium under a constant pressure difference. Common simulation media include filter paper, wire mesh, sand bed, gravel bed, steel ball bed, seam plate, orifice plate, etc., which can mainly realize the plugging simulation of leakage channels below 0.5 cm, but cannot simulate the leakage of large-size pores and fractures in the presence of flowing water. It is impossible to intuitively visualize and analyze and evaluate the retention and plugging effect of the plugging slurry in the water-containing leakage channel. For the malignant leakage containing a large amount of flowing water that is often encountered during drilling due to the development of caves, cracks and underground rivers, it is impossible to evaluate the corresponding leakage characteristics, the effect of the plugging system and the plugging process, and it is impossible to provide a scientific basis for the formulation and optimization of efficient plugging solutions for malignant formations containing flowing water.

[0006] Therefore, it is urgent to develop corresponding formation fracture plugging simulation devices to simulate the leakage process of large-size pores and fractures containing flowing water, explore the formation process of the plugging body, evaluate and optimize the plugging materials and systems, and provide guidance for the efficient management of malignant leakage formations containing flowing water. Summary of the invention

[0007] One purpose of the present invention is to propose a simulation device and method for plugging formation fractures containing flowing water, so as to simulate the leakage of large-size pores and fractures in the case of flowing water, realize intuitive and visual analysis and evaluate the retention and plugging effect of plugging slurry in the water-containing leakage channel, and for the vicious leakage containing a large amount of flowing water often encountered during the drilling process due to the development of caves, fractures and underground rivers, it is possible to evaluate the corresponding leakage characteristics, the effect of the plugging system and the plugging process, so as to provide a scientific basis for the formulation and optimization of efficient plugging schemes for the leakage of vicious formations containing flowing water.

[0008] According to the present invention, a formation fracture plugging simulation device containing flowing water is provided, comprising: a flow channel module, a diversion module and a fracture simulation module arranged in sequence along the water flow direction, the flowing water first enters the flow channel module, and is diverted to the fracture simulation module through the diversion module, when the flowing water fills the fracture simulation module and flows stably at a set flow rate, a plugging slurry is injected into the fracture simulation module to plug the fractures in the fracture simulation module simulating the presence of flowing water.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the crack simulation module includes a first crack plate and a second crack plate arranged opposite to each other, the first crack plate has a first surface opposite to the second crack plate, the second crack plate has a second surface opposite to the first crack plate, a crack channel is formed between the first surface and the second surface, and the flowing water is diverted to the crack channel via the diversion module.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the first surface and the second surface can be configured to have different crack surface types according to needs.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the first surface and the second surface can be respectively configured as one or more of a smooth crack surface, a rough crack surface and a wavy crack surface.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the first crack seam plate and the second crack seam plate are respectively made of one or more of rock plate, acrylic plate and cement plate.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, cushion blocks are provided between the second slit plate and the first slit plate at an end close to the flow guide module and an end away from the flow guide module.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the width of the crack channel between the first crack plate and the second crack plate is 1 to 15 cm.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the flow channel module is constructed in a rectangular shape, including a left baffle, a right baffle, a front baffle, a rear baffle and a bottom plate that are interconnected. A water inlet and a water outlet are respectively provided on the front baffle and the rear baffle. The flowing water enters the formation fracture plugging simulation device from the water inlet and flows out of the formation fracture plugging simulation device from the water outlet.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the formation fracture plugging simulation device also includes a water inlet pipeline connected to the water inlet, and the water inlet pipeline is provided with a valve and a flow meter, the valve is used to adjust the flow of the water inlet, and the flow meter is used to calculate the total amount of water entering the water inlet.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the guide module includes a plurality of guide plates placed perpendicular to the bottom plate, and each of the guide plates is arranged in parallel and spaced a certain distance apart.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the height of the guide plate is consistent with the maximum height of the flow channel module.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the flow channel module is provided with a water level line for measuring the water level difference.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the first crack seam plate is located above the second crack seam plate, and a grouting port cooperating with an injection metering pump is provided on the first crack seam plate for injecting plugging slurry into the crack channels.

[0021] The present invention also provides a method for simulating the plugging of fractures in a formation containing flowing water. The method is performed using the aforementioned device for simulating the plugging of fractures in a formation containing flowing water, and comprises the following steps:

[0022] S1. Fix the flow channel module, the flow guide module and the crack simulation module to the upper surface of the bottom plate in sequence along the water flow direction, wherein the multiple flow guide plates of the flow guide module are placed perpendicular to the bottom plate of the flow channel module, and each flow guide plate is arranged in parallel and spaced a certain distance apart, the first crack slit plate and the second crack slit plate are arranged opposite to each other up and down, the first surface of the first crack slit plate is opposite to the second surface of the second crack slit plate, and a crack channel is formed between the first surface and the second surface;

[0023] S2, opening the valve on the water inlet pipeline, the external flowing water enters the flow channel module through the water inlet on the front baffle plate, and is guided to the crack simulation module through multiple guide plates of the guide module;

[0024] S3. Inject plugging slurry into the fracture channel through a grouting pump from the grouting port opened on the first fracture plate to simulate the entire process of retention, filling and plugging of the plugging slurry in the fracture channel after the plugging slurry enters the fracture from the wellbore when the leakage layer of the formation actually contains flowing water, so as to analyze and evaluate the retention and plugging effect of the plugging slurry in the water-containing leakage channel.

[0025] The present invention comprises a flow channel module, a diversion module and a fracture simulation module which are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of the water flow. The flowing water first enters the flow channel module and is diverted to the fracture simulation module via the diversion module. When the flowing water fills the fracture simulation module and flows stably at a set flow rate, a plugging slurry is injected into the fracture simulation module to simulate the presence of flowing water in the fracture simulation module to plug the fractures, thereby simulating the leakage of large-size pores and fractures in the presence of flowing water. It can also simulate the situation in which the leakage layer of the formation actually contains flowing water, and after the plugging slurry enters the fracture from the wellbore, it is retained and filled in the fracture channel to The entire process of plugging can be analyzed visually and intuitively to evaluate the retention and plugging effect of the plugging slurry in the water-containing leakage channel. For the vicious leakage containing a large amount of flowing water often encountered during the drilling process due to the development of caves, cracks and underground rivers, the corresponding leakage characteristics, the effect of the plugging system and the plugging process can be evaluated, and a scientific basis can be provided for the formulation and optimization of efficient plugging plans for the leakage of vicious formations containing flowing water. The formation process of the plugging body in the fracture channel is explored in more depth, and the evaluation and optimization of the plugging materials and the corresponding material selection system are further improved to provide reliable guarantee for the control of vicious leakage in large-size pore formations.

[0026] The present invention comprises a first fracture slit plate and a second fracture slit plate which are arranged opposite to each other through a fracture simulation module, the first fracture slit plate has a first surface which is opposite to the second fracture slit plate, and the second fracture slit plate has a second surface which is opposite to the first fracture slit plate, a fracture channel is formed between the first surface and the second surface, and flowing water is guided to the fracture channel via a guide module, so that actual fractures can be simulated through the fracture channel between the first fracture slit plate and the second fracture slit plate, and the authenticity and reliability of the simulation experiment can be improved while simplifying the formation fracture plugging simulation device.

[0027] The present invention enables the first surface and the second surface to be respectively configured to have different crack surface types as needed, and can configure the first surface and the second surface to various crack types according to the types of actual cracks, thereby improving the authenticity and reliability of the simulation experiment, and obtaining more comprehensive experimental results.

[0028] In the present invention, the first crack seam plate and the second crack seam plate are respectively made of one or more of rock plates, acrylic plates, and cement plates. The first crack seam plates and the second crack seam plates made of different materials can simulate different types of strata, thereby improving the authenticity and reliability of the simulation experiment.

[0029] The flow channel module of the present invention is constructed into a rectangular shape and includes a left baffle, a right baffle, a front baffle, a rear baffle and a bottom plate which are connected to each other as an integral whole, wherein the front baffle and the rear baffle are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and the flowing water enters the formation fracture plugging simulation device of the present invention from the water inlet and flows out of the formation fracture plugging simulation device of the present invention from the water outlet, and after the flowing water enters the flow channel module through the water inlet on the front baffle, it can flow smoothly in the fluid channel surrounded by the left baffle, the right baffle and the bottom plate, thereby preventing the flowing water from splashing out of the flow channel module during the flow process.

[0030] The formation fracture plugging simulation device described in the present invention includes a water inlet pipeline connected to a water inlet, and a valve and a flow meter are arranged on the water inlet pipeline. The valve is used to adjust the flow of the water inlet, and the flow meter is used to calculate the total amount of water entering the water inlet. The flow of the water inlet can be adjusted by the valve, and then the flow rate of the flowing water in the formation fracture plugging simulation device can be adjusted, so as to simulate the entire process of retention, filling and plugging of the plugging slurry in the fracture channel after the plugging slurry enters the fracture from the wellbore when the formation leaking layer actually contains flowing water of different speeds. Therefore, the retention and plugging effect of the plugging slurry in the water-containing leakage channel can be intuitively analyzed and evaluated, and the evaluation and optimization of the plugging materials and the corresponding material selection system can be further improved, so as to provide reliable guarantee for the treatment of malignant leakage in large-size porous and fractured formations. The total amount of water inflow calculated by the flow meter is used to provide experimental data support.

[0031] The present invention has a first fracture seam plate located above a second fracture seam plate, and a grouting port cooperated with an injection metering pump is provided on the first fracture seam plate to inject plugging slurry into fracture channels. After the flowing water in the formation fracture plugging simulation device fills the fracture simulation module and flows stably at a set flow rate, the plugging slurry is injected into the fracture simulation module through the grouting port to plug the fracture when the fracture simulation module contains flowing water, thereby simulating the process of retention, filling and plugging in the fracture channel after the plugging slurry enters the fracture from the wellbore when the formation leaking layer actually contains flowing water. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 The overall structure of the formation fracture plugging simulation device containing flowing water according to the present invention is schematically shown;

[0033] Figure 2A side view schematically shows a simulation device for plugging formation fractures containing flowing water according to the present invention.

[0034] Illustrations: 100 - formation fracture plugging simulation device containing flowing water; 101 - flow channel module; 102 - diversion module; 103 - fracture simulation module; p - fracture channel; 1031 - first fracture seam plate; 1032 - second fracture seam plate; 1011 - water inlet; 1012 - water outlet; 1033 - grouting port; 104 - base; 105 - flow meter; 106 - water level line.

[0035] In the present application, all drawings are schematic drawings, which are only used to illustrate the principles of the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clear, the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the formation fracture plugging simulation device 100 containing flowing water of the present invention comprises: a flow channel module 101, a diversion module 102 and a fracture simulation module 103 arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the water flow, the flow channel module 101 is used to provide a flow channel for the flowing water in the formation fracture plugging simulation device 100, and the flowing water enters the formation fracture plugging simulation device 100 from the outside, first enters the flow channel module 101 and flows inside it. The diversion module 102 is used to guide the flowing water in the flow channel module 101, thereby changing the streamline of the flowing water, preventing the flowing water entering the formation fracture plugging simulation device 100 from generating vortices, and avoiding adverse effects on the experimental results. After the flowing water enters the flow channel module 101, it is diverted to the fracture simulation module 103 through the diversion module 102, and the flowing water fills the entire fracture simulation module 103 during the flow process in the fracture simulation module 103, thereby being able to simulate the real formation environment. The fracture simulation module 103 is used to simulate the fracture channel p, and the plugging slurry can enter the interior of the fracture simulation module 103 and plug the fracture channel p therein. When the flowing water fills the fracture simulation module 103 and flows stably at a set flow rate (less than 10 m / min), the plugging slurry is injected into the fracture simulation module 103 to plug the fracture when the fracture simulation module 103 contains flowing water, thereby simulating the process of the plugging slurry entering the fracture from the wellbore and then staying, filling and plugging in the fracture channel when the leaky layer of the formation actually contains flowing water.

[0038] The present invention comprises a flow channel module 101, a diversion module 102 and a fracture simulation module 103 which are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction. The flowing water first enters the flow channel module 101 and is diverted to the fracture simulation module 103 via the diversion module 102. When the flowing water flows into the fracture simulation module 103, a plugging slurry is injected into the fracture simulation module 103 to plug the fractures when the fracture simulation module 103 contains flowing water. Thus, the leakage of large-size pores and fractures in the presence of flowing water can be simulated. The sealing slurry can be injected into the fractures after entering the fractures from the wellbore when the leakage layer of the formation actually contains flowing water. The entire process of retention, filling and plugging can realize intuitive and visual analysis and evaluation of the retention and plugging effect of the plugging slurry in the water-containing leakage channel. For the vicious leakage containing a large amount of flowing water often encountered during the drilling process due to the development of caves, cracks and underground rivers, it can evaluate the corresponding leakage characteristics, the effect of the plugging system and the plugging process, and provide a scientific basis for the formulation and optimization of efficient plugging plans for vicious formations containing flowing water. It also explores the formation process of the plugging body in the fracture channel in more depth, further improves the evaluation and optimization of the plugging materials and the corresponding material selection system, and provides reliable guarantee for the management of vicious leakage in large-size pore formations.

[0039] In one or more embodiments, the fracture simulation module 103 includes a first fracture slit plate 1031 and a second fracture slit plate 1032 that are arranged opposite to each other. Optionally, the first fracture slit plate 1031 and the second fracture slit plate 1032 have the same size. The first fracture slit plate 1031 and the second fracture slit plate 1032 are both configured as a cuboid, the first fracture slit plate 1031 has a first surface opposite to the second fracture slit plate 1032, the second fracture slit plate 1032 has a second surface opposite to the first fracture slit plate 1031, and the space between the first surface and the second surface forms a fracture channel p. The flowing water in the formation fracture plugging simulation device 100 is diverted to the fracture simulation module 103 through the diversion module 102 and enters the fracture channel p between the first fracture slit plate 1031 and the second fracture slit plate 1032.

[0040] The present invention includes a first crack slit plate 1031 and a second crack slit plate 1032 which are arranged opposite to each other through a crack simulation module 103, the first crack slit plate 1031 has a first surface opposite to the second crack slit plate 1032 and the second crack slit plate 1032 has a second surface opposite to the first crack slit plate 1031, a crack channel p is formed between the first surface and the second surface, and flowing water is guided to the crack channel p via the diversion module 102. The actual crack can be simulated through the crack channel p between the first crack slit plate 1031 and the second crack slit plate 1032, and the authenticity and reliability of the simulation experiment can be improved while simplifying the formation crack plugging simulation device 100.

[0041] In one or more embodiments, the first surface and the second surface can be configured to have different fracture surface types as required.

[0042] The present invention enables the first surface and the second surface to be respectively configured to have different crack surface types as needed, and can configure the first surface and the second surface to various crack types according to the types of actual cracks, thereby improving the authenticity and reliability of the simulation experiment, and obtaining more comprehensive experimental results.

[0043] In one or more embodiments, the first surface and the second surface can be respectively constructed into one or more of a smooth fracture surface, a rough fracture surface and a wavy fracture surface, wherein the smooth fracture surface is used to simulate a smooth formation fracture channel, the rough fracture surface is used to simulate a rough formation fracture channel, and the wavy fracture surface is used to simulate a wavy-shaped formation fracture channel. It should be noted that the first surface can be constructed into one or more of a smooth fracture surface, a rough fracture surface and a wavy fracture surface, and the first surface can also be constructed into one or more of a smooth fracture surface, a rough fracture surface and a wavy fracture surface. The fracture surface type of the first surface can be the same as the fracture surface type of the second surface, and the fracture surface type of the first surface can also be different from the fracture surface type of the second surface.

[0044] The present invention can simulate various different structures of actual cracks by enabling the first surface and the second surface to be respectively constructed as one or more of a smooth crack surface, a rough crack surface and a wavy crack surface, thereby improving the authenticity and reliability of the simulation experiment and obtaining more comprehensive experimental results.

[0045] In one or more embodiments, the first crack plate 1031 and the second crack plate 1032 are respectively made of one or more of rock plate, acrylic plate, and cement plate. It should be noted that the first crack plate 1031 can be made of one or more of rock plate, acrylic plate, and cement plate, and the second crack plate 1032 can also be made of one or more of rock plate, acrylic plate, and cement plate.

[0046] In the present invention, the first crack plate 1031 and the second crack plate 1032 are respectively made of one or more of rock plates, acrylic plates, and cement plates. The first crack plate 1031 and the second crack plate 1032 made of different materials can simulate different types of strata, thereby improving the authenticity and reliability of the simulation experiment.

[0047] In one or more embodiments, pads (not shown) are provided between the second slit plate 1032 and the first slit plate 1031 at one end close to the guide module 102 and one end away from the guide module 102. Optionally, the pads are configured in a rectangular shape and have a certain height, and the height of the pads is the width of the slit channel p.

[0048] The present invention provides pads between the second slit plate 1032 and the first slit plate 1031 at both ends close to the flow guide module 102 and away from the flow guide module 102, so that the height of the pads can be adjusted according to experimental needs, and then the slit width of the slit channel p can be adjusted, thereby improving the authenticity and reliability of the simulation experiment and making the obtained experimental results more comprehensive.

[0049] In one or more embodiments, the width of the crack channel p between the first crack slit plate 1031 and the second crack slit plate 1032 is 1 to 15 cm. In experiments, the width of the crack channel p can be set to 10 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, 60 mm, 70 mm, 80 mm, 90 mm, 100 mm, 110 mm, 120 mm, 130 mm, 140 mm, and 150 mm as needed.

[0050] In one or more embodiments, the flow channel module 101 is constructed in a rectangular shape, including a left baffle, a right baffle, a front baffle, a rear baffle and a bottom plate that are connected to each other as a whole, wherein the front baffle and the rear baffle are respectively provided with a water inlet 1011 and a water outlet 1012, and the flowing water enters the formation fracture plugging simulation device 100 described in the present invention from the water inlet 1011 and flows out of the formation fracture plugging simulation device 100 described in the present invention from the water outlet 1012.

[0051] The present invention is constructed into a rectangular shape through the flow channel module 101 and includes a left baffle, a right baffle, a front baffle, a rear baffle and a bottom plate which are connected to each other as a whole, wherein the front baffle and the rear baffle are respectively provided with a water inlet 1011 and a water outlet 1012. The flowing water enters the formation fracture plugging simulation device 100 described in the present invention from the water inlet 1011 and flows out of the formation fracture plugging simulation device 100 described in the present invention from the water outlet 1012. After the flowing water enters the flow channel module 101 through the water inlet 1011 on the front baffle, it can flow smoothly in the fluid channel surrounded by the left baffle, the right baffle and the bottom plate, thereby preventing the flowing water from splashing out of the flow channel module 101 during the flow process.

[0052] In one or more embodiments, the flow channel module 101 is made of stainless steel.

[0053] In one or more embodiments, the formation fracture plugging simulation device 100 described in the present invention also includes a water inlet pipeline (not shown in the figure) connected to the water inlet 1011, and a valve (not shown in the figure) and a flow meter 105 are provided on the water inlet pipeline. The valve is used to adjust the flow of the water inlet 1011, and the flow meter 105 is used to calculate the total amount of water entering the water inlet 1011.

[0054] The formation fracture plugging simulation device 100 described in the present invention includes a water inlet pipeline connected to the water inlet 1011, and the water inlet pipeline is provided with a valve and a flow meter 105, the valve is used to adjust the flow of the water inlet 1011, and the flow meter 105 is used to calculate the total amount of water entering the water inlet 1011. The flow of the water inlet 1011 can be adjusted by the valve, and then the flow speed of the flowing water in the formation fracture plugging simulation device 100 can be adjusted, so that the entire process of retention, filling and plugging of the plugging slurry in the fracture channel after the plugging slurry enters the fracture from the wellbore when the formation leaking layer actually contains flowing water at different speeds can be simulated, so that the retention and plugging effect of the plugging slurry in the water-containing leakage channel can be intuitively analyzed and evaluated, and the evaluation and optimization of the plugging materials and the corresponding material selection system can be further improved, so as to provide reliable guarantee for the treatment of malignant leakage in large-size porous formations. The total amount of water inflow calculated by the flow meter 105 is used to provide experimental data support.

[0055] In one or more embodiments, the water outlet 1012 is connected to a water outlet pipeline, and the water in the formation fracture plugging simulation device 100 can be discharged through the water outlet pipeline.

[0056] In one or more embodiments, the guide module 101 includes a plurality of guide plates placed perpendicular to the bottom plate of the flow channel module 101 , and each guide plate is arranged in parallel and spaced a certain distance apart.

[0057] The present invention has a flow guide module 101 including a plurality of guide plates placed perpendicular to the bottom plate of the flow channel module 101, and each guide plate is arranged in parallel and spaced a certain distance apart, so that the flowing water in the flow channel module 101 can be guided to the fracture simulation module 103. When the flowing water flows through the guide plates arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the bottom plate, the streamline of the flowing water can be changed so that the streamline of the flowing water is a straight line, thereby preventing the flowing water entering the formation fracture plugging simulation device 100 from generating vortices and avoiding adverse effects on the experimental results.

[0058] In one or more embodiments, the height of the guide plate is consistent with the maximum height of the flow channel module 101 to prevent the flowing water from directly passing through the upper surface of the guide plate, thereby preventing the guide plate from failing to play a guiding role.

[0059] In one or more embodiments, the inner wall of the flow channel module 101 is provided with a water level line 106 for measuring the water level difference. Specifically, a water level line for measuring the water level difference is provided on the side surface of the right baffle of the flow channel module 101.

[0060] In the present invention, a water level line 106 for measuring the water level difference is provided on the inner wall of the flow channel module 101, so as to directly observe the change of the water level after the plugging slurry successfully plugs the crack.

[0061] In one or more embodiments, the first crack plate 1031 is located above the second crack plate 1032, and a grouting port 1033 cooperating with an injection metering pump is opened on the first crack plate 1031 for injecting plugging slurry into the crack channels p. Optionally, the direction in which the plugging slurry enters the crack channels p is perpendicular to the flow direction of the water flow.

[0062] The present invention has a first crack plate 1031 located above the second crack plate 1032, and a grouting port 1033 cooperating with an injection metering pump is provided on the first crack plate 1031 for injecting plugging slurry into the crack channels p. When flowing water in the formation crack plugging simulation device 100 flows into the crack simulation module 103, plugging slurry can be injected into the crack simulation module 103 through the grouting port 1033 to plug the cracks when the crack simulation module 103 contains flowing water, thereby simulating the process of retention, filling and plugging in the crack channel p after the plugging slurry enters the crack from the wellbore when the formation leaking layer actually contains flowing water.

[0063] In one or more embodiments, the formation fracture plugging simulation device 100 containing flowing water of the present invention further comprises a base 104, and the flow channel module 101, the flow guide module 102 and the fracture simulation module 103 are all fixed on the upper surface of the base 104, which is used to keep the flow channel module 101, the flow guide module 102 and the fracture simulation module 103 stable. Optionally, the base 104 can be made of stainless steel, which can resist corrosion and prolong the service life. Optionally, the base 104 is configured in a rectangular parallelepiped shape.

[0064] Based on the above-mentioned formation fracture plugging simulation device 100 containing flowing water, the present invention further provides a formation fracture plugging simulation method containing flowing water, comprising:

[0065] S1. The flow channel module 101, the flow guide module 102 and the crack simulation module 103 are sequentially fixed to the upper surface of the bottom plate 104 along the water flow direction, wherein the multiple flow guide plates of the flow guide module 102 are placed perpendicular to the bottom plate of the flow channel module 101, and each flow guide plate is arranged in parallel and spaced a certain distance apart, so as to be able to guide the flowing water in the flow channel module 101 to the crack simulation module 103, the first crack slit plate 1031 and the second crack slit plate 1032 are arranged opposite to each other up and down, the first surface of the first crack slit plate 1031 is opposite to the second surface of the second crack slit plate 1032, and a crack channel p is formed between the first surface and the second surface;

[0066] S2. Open the valve on the water inlet pipeline, and the external flowing water enters the flow channel module 101 through the water inlet 1011 on the front baffle plate, and is guided to the fracture simulation module 103 through the multiple guide plates of the guide module 102; the flowing water can flow smoothly in the fluid channel surrounded by the left baffle plate, the right baffle plate and the bottom plate, so as to avoid the flowing water splashing out of the flow channel module 101 during the flow process, and the flowing water can change the streamline of the flowing water when flowing through the guide plates arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the bottom plate, so that the streamline of the flowing water is straight, thereby preventing the flowing water entering the formation fracture plugging simulation device 100 from generating vortices and avoiding adverse effects on the experimental results;

[0067] S3. Inject plugging slurry into the fracture channel p through a grouting pump from the grouting port 1033 opened on the first fracture plate 1031 to simulate the entire process of retention, filling and plugging of the plugging slurry in the fracture channel after the plugging slurry enters the fracture from the wellbore when the leakage layer of the formation actually contains flowing water, so as to analyze and evaluate the retention and plugging effect of the plugging slurry in the water-containing leakage channel.

[0068] In one or more embodiments, the method for simulating the plugging of formation fractures containing flowing water of the present invention further includes: setting the first surface of the first fracture slit plate 1031 and the second surface of the second fracture slit plate 1032 to have different fracture surface types as required. Specifically, the first surface and the second surface can be respectively configured as one or more of a smooth fracture surface, a rough fracture surface and a wavy fracture surface, wherein the smooth fracture surface is used to simulate a smooth formation fracture channel, the rough fracture surface is used to simulate a rough formation fracture channel, and the wavy fracture surface is used to simulate a wavy formation fracture channel. It should be noted that the first surface can be configured as one or more of a smooth fracture surface, a rough fracture surface and a wavy fracture surface, and the first surface can also be configured as one or more of a smooth fracture surface, a rough fracture surface and a wavy fracture surface. The fracture surface type of the first surface can be the same as the fracture surface type of the second surface, and the fracture surface type of the first surface can also be different from the fracture surface type of the second surface. The present invention can simulate a variety of different structures of actual fractures by making the first surface and the second surface respectively configured as one or more of a smooth fracture surface, a rough fracture surface and a wavy fracture surface, thereby improving the authenticity and reliability of the simulation experiment, and the experimental results obtained are more comprehensive.

[0069] The method for simulating the plugging of formation fractures containing flowing water described in the present invention comprises the following steps: S1, fixing the flow channel module 101, the guide module 102 and the fracture simulation module 103 to the upper surface of the bottom plate in sequence along the water flow direction, wherein the multiple guide plates of the guide module 102 are placed perpendicular to the bottom plate of the flow channel module 101, and each guide plate is arranged in parallel and spaced a certain distance apart, the first fracture slit plate 1031 and the second fracture slit plate 1032 are arranged opposite to each other up and down, the first surface of the first fracture slit plate 1031 is opposite to the second surface of the second fracture slit plate 1032, and a fracture channel p is formed between the first surface and the second surface, S2, opening the valve on the water inlet pipeline, and the external flowing water enters the flow channel module 101 through the water inlet on the front baffle plate, and is guided to the fracture simulation module 103 through the multiple guide plates of the guide module 102, and S3, grouting ports opened on the first fracture slit plate 1031 are opened. 1033 A plugging slurry is injected into the fracture channel p through a grouting pump to simulate the entire process of retention, filling and plugging of the plugging slurry in the fracture channel after the plugging slurry enters the fracture from the wellbore when the leakage layer actually contains flowing water. The retention and plugging effect of the plugging slurry in the water-containing leakage channel is analyzed and evaluated, and an intuitive and visual analysis and evaluation of the retention and plugging effect of the plugging slurry in the water-containing leakage channel are achieved. For the vicious leakage containing a large amount of flowing water that is often encountered during drilling due to the development of caves, cracks and underground rivers, the corresponding leakage characteristics, the effect of the plugging system and the plugging process can be evaluated, providing a scientific basis for the formulation and optimization of efficient plugging plans for the leakage of vicious formations containing flowing water, and more deeply exploring the formation process of the plugging body in the fracture channel, further improving the evaluation and optimization of the plugging materials and the corresponding material selection system, and providing reliable guarantee for the management of vicious leakage in large-size pore formations.

[0070] Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and parts thereof may be replaced by equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there are no structural conflicts. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A formation fracture plugging simulation device containing flowing water, comprising: The flow channel module, diversion module and crack simulation module are arranged in sequence along the water flow direction. The flowing water first enters the flow channel module and is guided into the fracture simulation module via the diversion module. When the flowing water fills the fracture simulation module and flows stably at a set flow rate, a plugging slurry is injected into the fracture simulation module to plug the fractures in the fracture simulation module under the condition of simulating flowing water.

2. The formation fracture plugging simulation device containing flowing water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crack simulation module includes a first crack plate and a second crack plate arranged opposite to each other, the first crack plate has a first surface opposite to the second crack plate, the second crack plate has a second surface opposite to the first crack plate, a crack channel is formed between the first surface and the second surface, and flowing water is guided to the crack channel via the diversion module.

3. The formation fracture plugging simulation device containing flowing water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first surface and the second surface can be configured to have different crack surface types according to needs.

4. The formation fracture plugging simulation device containing flowing water according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first surface and the second surface can be respectively configured as one or more of a smooth crack surface, a rough crack surface and a wavy crack surface.

5. The formation fracture plugging simulation device containing flowing water according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first crack seam plate and the second crack seam plate are respectively made of one or more of rock plate, acrylic plate and cement plate.

6. The formation fracture plugging simulation device containing flowing water according to claim 2, characterized in that: Pads are provided between the second slit plate and the first slit plate at one end close to the flow guide module and at one end away from the flow guide module.

7. The formation fracture plugging simulation device containing flowing water according to claim 6, characterized in that: The width of the crack channel between the first crack plate and the second crack plate is 1 to 15 cm.

8. The formation fracture plugging simulation device containing flowing water according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flow channel module is constructed in a rectangular shape, including a left baffle, a right baffle, a front baffle, a rear baffle and a bottom plate which are interconnected. A water inlet and a water outlet are respectively provided on the front baffle and the rear baffle. Flowing water enters the formation fracture plugging simulation device from the water inlet and flows out of the formation fracture plugging simulation device from the water outlet.

9. The formation fracture plugging simulation device containing flowing water according to claim 8, characterized in that: The formation fracture plugging simulation device also includes a water inlet pipeline connected to the water inlet, and a valve and a flow meter are arranged on the water inlet pipeline. The valve is used to adjust the flow of the water inlet, and the flow meter is used to calculate the total amount of water entering the water inlet.

10. The formation fracture plugging simulation device containing flowing water according to claim 8, characterized in that: The guide module includes a plurality of guide plates placed perpendicular to the bottom plate, and each of the guide plates is arranged in parallel and spaced a certain distance apart.

11. The formation fracture plugging simulation device containing flowing water according to claim 10, characterized in that: The height of the guide plate is consistent with the maximum height of the flow channel module.

12. The formation fracture plugging simulation device containing flowing water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the flow channel module is provided with a water level line for measuring the water level difference.

13. The formation fracture plugging simulation device containing flowing water according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first crack seam plate is located above the second crack seam plate, and a grouting port cooperating with an injection metering pump is provided on the first crack seam plate for injecting plugging slurry into the crack channels.

14. A method for simulating the plugging of fractures in a formation containing flowing water, the method for simulating the plugging of fractures in a formation containing flowing water being performed using the device for simulating the plugging of fractures in a formation containing flowing water according to any one of claims 1 to 13, comprising the following steps: S1. Fix the flow channel module, the flow guide module and the crack simulation module to the upper surface of the bottom plate in sequence along the water flow direction, wherein the multiple flow guide plates of the flow guide module are placed perpendicular to the bottom plate of the flow channel module, and each flow guide plate is arranged in parallel and spaced a certain distance apart, the first crack slit plate and the second crack slit plate are arranged opposite to each other up and down, the first surface of the first crack slit plate is opposite to the second surface of the second crack slit plate, and a crack channel is formed between the first surface and the second surface; S2, opening the valve on the water inlet pipeline, the external flowing water enters the flow channel module through the water inlet on the front baffle plate, and is guided to the crack simulation module through multiple guide plates of the guide module; S3. Inject plugging slurry into the fracture channel through a grouting pump from the grouting port opened on the first fracture plate to simulate the entire process of retention, filling and plugging of the plugging slurry in the fracture channel after the plugging slurry enters the fracture from the wellbore when the leakage layer of the formation actually contains flowing water, and analyze and evaluate the retention and plugging effect of the plugging slurry in the water-containing leakage channel.

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