Reduction flow battery storage tank temperature self-adjusting device and system
Through automatic monitoring and efficient heat exchange complete set of devices, combined with the use of phase change materials, the problem of excessive temperature of vanadium redox flow battery is solved, and efficient heat dissipation and reliable operation of the battery system is achieved, which extends battery life and reduces operation. cost.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411644434.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-14
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
The heat generated by vanadium redox flow battery during charging and discharging is difficult to effectively dissipate heat, resulting in excessive temperature, affecting battery performance and life, and is more prominent in high load and high temperature environments.
The automatic monitoring system is used to monitor the battery temperature in real time, and combine the complete set of efficient heat exchange devices and phase heat exchange structure to achieve dual heat dissipation functions under conventional operation and sharp heating. The system includes built-in heat exchange tube bundles and phase change materials, and achieves efficient heat dissipation through the cooperation of coolant and phase change materials.
Effectively maintain the appropriate working temperature of the vanadium flow battery system, reduce system losses and failures caused by overheating, extend battery life, improve system reliability, and reduce operating and maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN119447367A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat dissipation of a vanadium redox flow battery stack, and in particular to a temperature self-regulating device and system for a redox flow battery storage tank. Background Art
[0002] With the increasing shortage of energy resources and environmental problems, renewable energy such as solar energy and wind energy have attracted much attention. However, due to the volatility and intermittency of solar and wind power generation, the use of energy storage systems plays an important role in load balancing, peak load regulation, and uninterrupted power supply of the power grid. Among these energy storage technologies, vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is considered to be one of the most promising large-scale energy storage system technologies due to its long service life, strong flexibility, and easy expansion.
[0003] However, in the actual charging and discharging process, there are electrochemical reactions, overpotentials, cross reactions, shunt currents and hydraulic friction inside the vanadium redox flow battery, which will inevitably generate a certain amount of heat; on the other hand, the uneven concentration of reactants and current density inside the vanadium flow battery stack will also lead to the generation of local different heat. Although the increase in system temperature can accelerate the reaction rate constant, reduce the viscosity of the electrolyte, improve the transport of ions, and increase the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte or membrane. However, it is worth noting that if the temperature inside the vanadium flow battery stack is too high, it will accelerate the side reaction process and cause the active ions to be unstable at high temperatures, affecting the charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage battery. If the heat cannot be dissipated in time, the internal temperature of the vanadium flow battery will continue to rise, greatly reducing the battery performance and life. In addition, when the external high temperature environment is high and the flow battery is facing a high load, the vanadium flow battery not only urgently needs a fast heat dissipation mode, but also faces the problem of low temperature difference heat dissipation in a high temperature environment. Therefore, how to match and manage the electrolyte heat dissipation of vanadium flow batteries is crucial to the high performance and safe operation of the system. Summary of the invention 1. Technical issues to be resolved In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a temperature self-regulating device and system for a reduction flow battery storage tank, which uses an automatic monitoring system to monitor the stability of the operating temperature of the vanadium flow battery at any time, and uses a complete set of high-efficiency heat exchange equipment to achieve the dual functions of conventional heat exchange and heat dissipation under rapid temperature rise conditions. The system and device have a compact structure and a small volume, which can ensure that the vanadium flow battery system maintains a suitable operating temperature, effectively reduce system losses and failures caused by overheating, and are also conducive to extending the service life of the battery and improving the reliability of the flow battery system, indirectly reducing operating costs and maintenance costs, etc., and solve the problems of excessively high internal temperature of the vanadium flow battery, rapid temperature rise under high load, and low temperature difference heat dissipation under high temperature environment.
[0004] (II) Technical solution In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: comprising a high-efficiency heat exchange complete set, a liquid flow temperature uniform distribution device and a heat dissipation box, the high-efficiency heat exchange complete set comprising an internal heat exchange tube bundle and a phase change heat exchange structure, the internal heat exchange tube bundle is located inside the heat dissipation box, the upper surface of the internal heat exchange tube bundle is fixedly connected with an upper end box, the side surfaces of the upper end box are all provided with an upper end liquid flow channel, the lower surface of the upper end box is provided with a cooling pipe, and the upper surface of the cooling pipe is communicated with the lower surface of the upper end box, the lower end of the cooling pipe is fixedly connected with a lower end box, the lower surface of the lower end box is fixedly connected with a coolant inlet pipe, the interior of the lower end box is penetrated by a lower end liquid flow channel, the lower surface of the upper end box is fixedly connected with an external coolant return pipe, the lower end of the external coolant return pipe passes through the lower end box and is connected to the cooling pipe main pipe outside the heat dissipation box, and the side surface of the heat dissipation box is provided with a coolant feed pump; The phase change heat exchange structure includes a separation port and a blade plate, the separation port is connected to one end of the blade plate, the side surface of the blade plate is fixedly connected above the phase change heat exchange structure area, the phase change heat exchange structure area is filled with phase change material, and the side surface of the phase change material is evenly spaced with phase change liquid flow tubes and phase change cooling tubes, the upper end of the phase change liquid flow tube passes through the phase change heat exchange structure area, the lower end of the phase change liquid flow tube is connected through a lower cooling plate, and the lower end of the phase change liquid flow tube is communicated with the lower cooling plate and the bottom of the heat sink, one end of the phase change cooling tube is provided with an upper cooling plate, and the upper cooling plate is communicated with one end of the phase change cooling tube, the other end of the phase change liquid flow tube is communicated with the lower cooling plate, the side surface of the phase change material is provided with a coolant side inlet, and the side surface of the coolant side inlet is provided with a coolant side outlet.
[0005] The liquid flow temperature uniform distribution device comprises a buffer tank inlet pipe and a diverter plate, an upper liquid flow uniform distribution plate is arranged on the upper surface of the diverter plate, and a lower liquid flow uniform distribution plate is arranged on the lower surface of the upper liquid flow uniform distribution plate.
[0006] Preferably, a heat sink inlet pipe is provided on the upper surface of the heat sink, and the heat sink inlet pipe is a circumferential injection nozzle.
[0007] Preferably, during the heat exchange process of the built-in heat exchange tube bundle, the coolant first enters the lower end box from the coolant inlet pipe. After the interior of the lower end box is filled with coolant, the coolant gradually flows upward through the cooling pipe and gathers in the upper end box. The coolant gathered in the upper end box flows out of the heat dissipation box through the coolant return pipe.
[0008] Preferably, the cooling pipe bundle is embedded with a flow-blocking screen plate, and the flow-blocking screen plate is provided with a screen plate liquid flow settling hole with a smaller aperture than that of the cooling pipe for the vanadium liquid flow to settle downward.
[0009] Preferably, the upper liquid flow plate is internally arranged with upper liquid flow plate holes, and the lower liquid flow plate is internally arranged with lower liquid flow plate holes, the aperture of the upper liquid flow plate hole is slightly larger than the aperture of the lower liquid flow plate hole, and the upper liquid flow plate holes and the lower liquid flow plate holes are staggered with each other.
[0010] A temperature self-regulating system for a reduced flow battery storage tank comprises the following steps: The pressure monitor, flow rate monitor and temperature monitor actively monitor the pressure, flow rate and temperature of the inlet and outlet of the vanadium liquid flow battery stack respectively, and feed back the collected data to the signal discrimination execution system. The signal discrimination execution system operates in two conditions.
[0011] The first case: when the signal discrimination execution system recognizes that the outlet temperature of the vanadium liquid flow battery stack is 50℃~70℃, the vanadium liquid flow passes through the inlet pipe of the heat dissipation box and is evenly sprayed at the lower part of the separation port. The sprayed vanadium liquid flow falls on the upper box, and then flows downward through the upper liquid flow channel and exchanges heat with the coolant in the cooling pipe. The vanadium liquid flow after heat exchange finally passes through the lower liquid flow channel and is collected at the bottom of the heat dissipation box, and is sent into the buffer tank by the injection pump. The vanadium liquid flow can be extracted by the reflux pump. The heat exchange process of the built-in heat exchange tube bundle realizes the heat dissipation treatment of the vanadium liquid flow temperature of 50℃~70℃ under normal operation conditions.
[0012] The second case: When the signal discrimination execution system recognizes that the outlet temperature of the vanadium liquid flow battery stack is greater than 70°C, the temperature self-regulation function is immediately activated, and the heat sink inlet pipe is passively lifted up to cross the separation port. At this time, the vanadium liquid flow is sprayed in the space area below the sealing cover and above the fan blade plate. Part of the vanadium liquid flow still operates according to the flow and heat exchange process of the first case. The other part of the vanadium liquid flow will flow through the upper surface of the fan blade plate and converge around the heat sink, and exchange heat with the phase change material and the coolant in the phase change cooling tube through the phase change liquid flow tube. The vanadium liquid after heat exchange flows through the phase change liquid flow tube to the bottom of the heat sink, completing the vanadium liquid flow heat dissipation process of the phase change heat exchange structure. Finally, the vanadium liquid flow from the heat exchange process of the internal heat exchange tube bundle and the vanadium liquid flow from the phase change heat exchange structure converge at the bottom of the heat sink, and the vanadium liquid flow is sent to the buffer tank under the action of the injection pump.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a temperature self-regulating device and system for a reduction flow battery storage tank, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention uses an automatic monitoring system to monitor the stability of the operating temperature of the vanadium flow battery at any time, and uses a complete set of high-efficiency heat exchange equipment to achieve the dual functions of conventional heat exchange and heat dissipation under rapid temperature rise conditions. The system and device have a compact structure and a small volume, which can ensure that the vanadium flow battery system maintains a suitable operating temperature, effectively reduce system losses and failures caused by overheating, and are also conducive to extending the service life of the battery and improving the reliability of the flow battery system, indirectly reducing operating costs and maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the regional distribution structure of the internal heat exchange tube bundle and phase change heat exchange structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the phase change heat transfer structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal heat exchange tube bundle structure of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid flow channel and the cooling liquid channel in the internal heat exchange process of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid flow temperature uniform distribution device of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the flow-blocking screen plate of the present invention.
[0015] Among them: 1. Vanadium liquid flow battery stack; 2. Pressure monitor; 3. Signal identification execution system; 4. Heat sink; 401. Coolant side inlet; 402. Coolant side outlet; 403. Upper cooling plate; 404. Lower cooling plate; 5. Heat sink inlet pipe; 6. Separation port; 7. Sealing cover; 8. Buffer tank; 9. Buffer tank inlet pipe; 10. Diverter plate; 11. Upper liquid flow uniform distribution plate; 12. Lower liquid flow uniform distribution plate; 13. Injection pump; 14. Phase change material; 15 , phase change liquid flow tube; 16, phase change cooling tube; 17, reflux pump; 18, coolant feed pump; 19, flow rate monitor; 20, temperature monitor; 21, fan blade plate; 22, upper end box; 23, upper end liquid flow channel; 24, flow blocking screen plate; 25, cooling pipeline; 26, coolant reflux pipe; 27, coolant inlet pipe; 28, lower end box; 29, lower end liquid flow channel; 30, screen plate liquid flow sedimentation hole; 31, upper liquid flow plate hole; 32, lower liquid flow plate hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0017] Embodiment 1: A temperature self-regulating device for a reduced flow battery storage tank, see Figure 1-7, including a complete set of high-efficiency heat exchange devices, a liquid flow temperature distribution device and a heat sink 4. The side surface of the heat sink 4 is provided with a coolant feed pump 18. The complete set of high-efficiency heat exchange devices includes a built-in heat exchange tube bundle and a phase change heat exchange structure. The built-in heat exchange tube bundle is located inside the heat sink 4. The high-temperature vanadium liquid flow electrolyte flowing out of the outlet of the vanadium liquid flow battery stack 1 will be monitored by the signal discrimination execution system 3 for the outlet temperature. When the outlet temperature is 50°C~70°C, the signal discrimination execution system 3 controls the heat sink 4 to be in the vanadium liquid flow heat dissipation mode under the normal operation state, that is, the heat sink The injection port of the inlet pipe 5 is located at the lower part of the separation port 6. The high-temperature vanadium liquid flow is directly sprayed on the upper part of the internal heat exchange tube bundle from the inlet pipe 5 of the heat dissipation box. The vanadium liquid flows through the upper end liquid flow channel 23 and penetrates the upper end box 22 and flows downward. On the one hand, the vanadium liquid flows to the inside of the cooling pipe 25 to dissipate heat. On the other hand, the vanadium liquid flow will slowly flow downward through the sieve plate liquid flow settling holes 30 along the flow-blocking sieve plate 24 arranged on the tube bundle of the cooling pipe 25, until it passes through the lower end liquid flow channel 29 and penetrates the lower end box 28 and flows downward to the bottom of the heat dissipation box 4, and is finally sent to the buffer tank 8 by the injection pump 13. In the heat exchange process of the heat dissipation box 4, the coolant is fed into the lower box 28 by the coolant feed pump 18 through the coolant side inlet 4-1, and the coolant in the lower box 28 flows upward to the upper box 22 through the cooling pipe 25. The coolant after absorbing heat finally flows out of the heat dissipation box 4 at the coolant side outlet 4-2. The upper surface of the internal heat exchange tube bundle is fixedly connected to the upper box 22, and the side surface of the upper box 22 is provided with an upper liquid flow channel 23, and the lower surface of the upper box 22 is provided with A cooling pipe 25, and the upper surface of the cooling pipe 25 is communicated with the lower surface of the upper end box 22, the lower end of the cooling pipe 25 is fixedly connected to the lower end box 28, the lower surface of the lower end box 28 is fixedly connected to the coolant inlet pipe 27, the interior of the lower end box 28 is penetrated by a lower end liquid flow channel 29, the lower surface of the upper end box 22 is fixedly connected to an external coolant return pipe 26, the lower end of the external coolant return pipe 26 passes through the lower end box 28 and is connected to the cooling pipe main pipe outside the heat dissipation box 4.
[0018] The phase change heat exchange structure includes a separation port 6 and a blade plate 21, the separation port 6 is connected to one end of the blade plate 21, the side surface of the blade plate 21 is fixedly connected above the phase change heat exchange structure area, the phase change heat exchange structure area is filled with phase change material 14, and the side surface of the phase change material 14 is evenly spaced with phase change liquid flow tubes 15 and phase change cooling tubes 16, the upper end of the phase change liquid flow tube 15 passes through the phase change heat exchange structure area, the lower end of the phase change liquid flow tube 15 is connected with a lower cooling plate 404, and the lower end of the phase change liquid flow tube 15 is communicated with the lower cooling plate 404 and the bottom of the heat sink 4, one end of the phase change cooling tube 16 is provided with an upper cooling plate 403, and the upper cooling plate 403 is communicated with one end of the phase change cooling tube 16, the other end of the phase change liquid flow tube 15 is communicated with the lower cooling plate 404, the side surface of the phase change material 14 is provided with a coolant side inlet 401, and the side surface of the coolant side inlet is provided with a coolant side outlet 402.
[0019] The liquid flow temperature distribution device includes a buffer tank inlet pipe 9 and a diverter plate 10. The upper surface of the diverter plate 10 is provided with an upper liquid flow distribution plate 11, and the lower surface of the upper liquid flow distribution plate 11 is provided with a lower liquid flow distribution plate 12. The upper surface of the heat sink 4 is provided with a heat sink inlet pipe 5, and the heat sink inlet pipe 5 is a circumferential spray nozzle. When the outlet temperature of the vanadium liquid flow battery stack 1 is greater than 70°C, the signal discrimination execution system 3 drives the heat sink inlet pipe 5 to rise and pass over the separation port 6. The greater the distance between the heat sink inlet pipe 5 and the upper end surface of the separation port 6, the more the vanadium liquid flow enters. The larger the flow rate of the phase change liquid flow tube 15, the maximum 35% to 45% of the vanadium liquid flow rate can enter the phase change liquid flow tube 15 for heat exchange. In the heat exchange process of the internal heat exchange tube bundle, the coolant first enters the lower end box 28 from the coolant inlet pipe 27. After the interior of the lower end box 28 is filled with coolant, the coolant gradually flows upward through the cooling pipe 25 and gathers in the upper end box 22. The coolant gathered in the upper end box 22 flows out of the heat dissipation box 4 through the coolant return pipe 26. The cooling pipe 25 tube bundle is embedded with a baffle screen plate 24, and the baffle screen plate 24 is set with an aperture smaller than The sieve plate liquid flow settling holes 30 of the cooling pipe 25 are used for the downward settling of the vanadium liquid flow. The upper liquid flow plate holes 31 are arranged inside the upper liquid flow uniform distribution plate 11, and the lower liquid flow plate holes 32 are arranged inside the lower liquid flow uniform distribution plate 12. The aperture of the upper liquid flow plate hole 31 is slightly larger than the aperture of the lower liquid flow plate hole 32. The upper liquid flow plate hole 31 and the lower liquid flow plate hole 32 are staggered. When the signal discrimination execution system 3 monitors that the outlet temperature is greater than 70°C, the signal discrimination execution system 3 will start the temperature self-regulation function, that is, the heat sink inlet pipe 5 is passively lifted upward to pass the separation port 6. At this time, the vanadium liquid flow is sprayed in the space area below the sealing cover 7 and above the fan blade plate 21. Part of the vanadium liquid flow is scattered on the internal heat exchange tube bundle and flows and dissipates heat according to the vanadium liquid flow heat dissipation mode under the above-mentioned normal operation state, while the other part of the vanadium liquid flow will flow through the upper surface of the fan blade plate 21 and gather around the heat dissipation box 4. The phase change liquid flow pipe 15 flows downward to the bottom of the heat dissipation box 4. In this process, the vanadium liquid flow transfers heat to the phase change material 14 in the phase change liquid flow pipe 15, and the heat absorbed by the phase change material 14 is transferred to the coolant in the phase change cooling pipe 16. The coolant feed pump 18 sends the coolant to the cooling plate 404 through the bypass pipe, and the coolant in the lower cooling plate 404 will further flow into the phase change cooling pipe 16, and finally flow out of the heat dissipation box 4 through the upper cooling plate 403. This process completes the heat dissipation of the vanadium liquid flow such as rapid temperature rise, high load operation and low temperature difference under high temperature environment.
[0020] Embodiment 2: A temperature self-regulating system for a reduced flow battery storage tank comprises the following steps: The pressure monitor 2, the flow rate monitor 19, and the temperature monitor 20 respectively actively monitor the pressure, flow rate, and temperature of the inlet and outlet of the vanadium liquid flow battery stack 1, and feed back the collected data to the signal discrimination execution system 3. The working state of the signal discrimination execution system 3 is divided into two conditions. When the outlet temperature monitored by the signal discrimination execution system 3 is 50°C~70°C or greater than 70°C, the vanadium liquid flow will be sent from the bottom of the heat dissipation box 4 to the buffer tank 8 by the injection pump 13. The vanadium liquid flow after heat dissipation and cooling is sprayed onto the upper liquid flow uniform distribution plate 11 through the diverter plate 10 connected to the inlet pipe 9 of the buffer tank, and the vanadium liquid flow flows to the lower liquid flow uniform distribution plate 12 through the upper liquid flow plate hole 31 of the upper liquid flow uniform distribution plate 11, and then flows to the bottom of the buffer tank 8 through the lower liquid flow plate hole 32. Finally, the vanadium liquid flow returns to the vanadium liquid flow battery stack 1 under the action of the reflux pump 17, and the high-temperature vanadium liquid electrolyte continuously flows out, dissipates heat, and is sent back, so as to achieve the vanadium liquid flow battery system to maintain a suitable working temperature.
[0021] The first case: when the signal discrimination execution system 3 recognizes that the outlet temperature of the vanadium liquid flow battery stack 1 is 50°C~70°C, the vanadium liquid flow passes through the heat dissipation box inlet pipe 5 and is evenly sprayed at the lower part of the separation port 6. The sprayed vanadium liquid flow falls on the upper end box 22, and then flows downward through the upper end liquid flow channel 23 and exchanges heat with the coolant in the cooling pipe 25. The vanadium liquid flow after heat exchange finally passes through the lower end liquid flow channel 29 and is collected at the bottom of the heat dissipation box 4, and is sent into the buffer tank 8 through the injection pump 13. The vanadium liquid flow can be extracted by the reflux pump 17. The heat exchange process of the built-in heat exchange tube bundle realizes the heat dissipation treatment of the vanadium liquid flow temperature of 50°C~70°C under normal operation conditions.
[0022] The coolant in the cooling pipeline can be water or refrigerant. The entire heat sink is in a sealed state, and the coolant is completely isolated from the vanadium liquid flow medium, thereby preventing the active substances of the liquid flow battery from being contaminated.
[0023] When the outlet temperature of the vanadium liquid flow battery stack is 50℃~70℃, the signal discrimination execution system adjusts the flow rate by regulating the pressure of the inlet pipe of the heat sink, and then adjusts the heat dissipation of the vanadium liquid flow in the internal heat exchange tube bundle, and finally controls the inlet temperature of the vanadium liquid flow battery stack pumped into the range of 5~40℃.
[0024] The second case: when the signal discrimination execution system 3 identifies that the outlet temperature of the vanadium liquid flow battery stack 1 is greater than 70°C, the temperature self-regulation function is immediately started, and the heat sink inlet pipe 5 is passively lifted upward to cross the separation port 6. At this time, the vanadium liquid flow is sprayed in the space area below the sealing cover 7 and above the fan blade 21. Part of the vanadium liquid flow still operates according to the flow and heat exchange process of the first case. The other part of the vanadium liquid flow will flow through the upper surface of the fan blade 21 and converge to the periphery of the heat sink 4, and exchange heat with the phase change material 14 and the coolant in the phase change cooling tube 16 through the phase change liquid flow tube 15. The vanadium liquid after heat exchange flows through the phase change liquid flow tube 15 to the bottom of the heat sink 4, completing the vanadium liquid flow heat dissipation process of the phase change heat exchange structure. Finally, the vanadium liquid flow from the heat exchange process of the internal heat exchange tube bundle and the vanadium liquid flow from the phase change heat exchange structure converge at the bottom of the heat sink 4, and the vanadium liquid flow is sent to the buffer tank 8 under the action of the injection pump 13.
[0025] When in use, first, the high-temperature vanadium liquid flow electrolyte flowing out of the outlet of the vanadium liquid flow battery stack 1 will be monitored by the signal discrimination execution system 3 for the outlet temperature. When the outlet temperature is 50°C~70°C, the signal discrimination execution system 3 controls the heat sink 4 to be in the vanadium liquid flow heat dissipation mode under the normal operation state, that is, the injection port of the heat sink inlet pipe 5 is located at the lower part of the separation port 6, and the high-temperature vanadium liquid flow is directly sprayed from the heat sink inlet pipe 5 to the upper part of the internal heat exchange tube bundle, and the vanadium liquid flows through the upper end liquid flow channel 23 through the upper end box 22 and flows downward. On the one hand, the vanadium liquid flows to the inside of the cooling pipe 25 to dissipate heat, and on the other hand, the vanadium liquid flows to the inside of the cooling pipe 25 to dissipate heat. The liquid flow will flow slowly downward along the flow-blocking screen plate 24 arranged on the tube bundle of the cooling pipe 25 through the screen plate liquid flow settling holes 30 until it passes through the lower end liquid flow channel 29 downward through the lower end box 28 and flows downward to the bottom of the heat sink 4, and finally is injected into the buffer tank 8 by the pump 13. During the heat exchange process of the heat sink 4, the coolant is fed into the lower end box 28 by the coolant feed pump 18 through the coolant side inlet 401, and the coolant in the lower end box 28 flows upward to the upper end box 22 through the cooling pipe 25, and the coolant after absorbing heat finally flows out of the heat sink 4 at the coolant side outlet 402.
[0026] When the signal discrimination execution system 3 monitors that the outlet temperature is greater than 70°C, the signal discrimination execution system 3 will start the temperature self-regulation function, that is, the heat sink inlet pipe 5 is passively lifted upward to cross the separation port 6. At this time, the vanadium liquid flow is sprayed in the space area below the sealing cover 7 and above the fan blade plate 21. Part of the vanadium liquid flow is scattered on the internal heat exchange tube bundle and will flow and dissipate heat according to the vanadium liquid flow heat dissipation mode under the aforementioned normal operation state; while the other part of the vanadium liquid flow will flow through the upper surface of the fan blade plate 21 and converge to the periphery of the heat sink 4, and the phase change liquid flow pipe 15 will flow downward to the bottom of the heat sink 4. In this process, the vanadium liquid flow transfers heat to the phase change material 14 in the phase change liquid flow pipe 15, and the heat absorbed by the phase change material 14 is transferred to the coolant in the phase change cooling pipe 16. The coolant feed pump 18 sends the coolant to the lower cooling plate 404 through the bypass pipe, and the coolant in the lower cooling plate 4-4 will further flow into the phase change cooling pipe 16, and finally flow out of the heat sink 4 through the upper cooling plate 403. This process completes the heat dissipation of the vanadium liquid flow such as rapid temperature rise, high load operation and low temperature difference in high temperature environment.
[0027] When the signal discrimination execution system 3 monitors the outlet temperature of 50°C to 70°C or above 70°C, the vanadium liquid flow will be sent from the bottom of the heat dissipation box 4 to the buffer tank 8 by the injection pump 13. After heat dissipation and cooling, the vanadium liquid flow is sprayed onto the upper liquid flow distribution plate 11 through the diverter plate 10 connected to the buffer tank inlet pipe 9, and the vanadium liquid flow flows through the upper liquid flow plate hole 31 of the upper liquid flow distribution plate 11 to the lower liquid flow distribution plate 12, and then flows to the bottom of the buffer tank 8 through the lower liquid flow plate hole 32, and finally the vanadium liquid flow is returned to the vanadium liquid flow battery stack 1 under the action of the reflux pump 17.
[0028] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A temperature self-regulating device for a reduction flow battery storage tank, comprising a complete set of high-efficiency heat exchange devices, a liquid flow temperature distribution device and a heat dissipation box (4), characterized in that: The high-efficiency heat exchange device comprises an internal heat exchange tube bundle and a phase change heat exchange structure. The internal heat exchange tube bundle is located inside a heat dissipation box (4). The upper surface of the internal heat exchange tube bundle is fixedly connected to an upper box (22). The side surfaces of the upper box (22) are all provided with upper liquid flow channels (23). The lower surface of the upper box (22) is provided with a cooling pipe (25). The upper surface of the cooling pipe (25) is communicated with the lower surface of the upper box (22). The lower end of the cooling pipe (25) is connected to the lower surface of the upper box (22). A lower end box (28) is fixedly connected, a coolant inlet pipe (27) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the lower end box (28), a lower end liquid flow channel (29) runs through the interior of the lower end box (28), an external coolant return pipe (26) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the upper end box (22), the lower end of the external coolant return pipe (26) passes through the lower end box (28) and is connected to the cooling pipe main pipe outside the heat dissipation box (4), and a coolant feed pump (18) is provided on the side surface of the heat dissipation box (4); The phase change heat transfer structure comprises a separation port (6) and a blade plate (21), wherein the separation port (6) is connected to one end of the blade plate (21), and the side surface of the blade plate (21) is fixedly connected above the phase change heat transfer structure region, the phase change heat transfer structure region is filled with a phase change material (14), and the side surface of the phase change material (14) is evenly spaced with phase change liquid flow tubes (15) and phase change cooling tubes (16), the upper end of the phase change liquid flow tube (15) passes through the phase change heat transfer structure region, and the lower end of the phase change liquid flow tube (15) passes through the phase change heat transfer structure region. A lower cooling plate (404) is provided, and the lower end of the phase change liquid flow tube (15) is in communication with the lower cooling plate (404) and the bottom of the heat sink (4); an upper cooling plate (403) is provided at one end of the phase change cooling tube (16), and the upper cooling plate (403) is in communication with one end of the phase change cooling tube (16); the other end of the phase change liquid flow tube (15) is in communication with the lower cooling plate (404); a cooling liquid side inlet (401) is provided on the side surface of the phase change material (14), and a cooling liquid side outlet (402) is provided on the side surface of the cooling liquid side inlet. The liquid flow temperature uniform distribution device comprises a buffer tank inlet pipe (9) and a diverter plate (10), wherein an upper liquid flow uniform distribution plate (11) is provided on the upper surface of the diverter plate (10), and a lower liquid flow uniform distribution plate (12) is provided on the lower surface of the upper liquid flow uniform distribution plate (11).
2. The temperature self-regulating device for a reduced liquid flow battery storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat sink inlet pipe (5) is provided on the upper surface of the heat sink (4), and the heat sink inlet pipe (5) is a circumferential spray nozzle.
3. The temperature self-regulating device for a reduced liquid flow battery storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the heat exchange process of the internal heat exchange tube bundle, the coolant first enters the lower end box (28) from the coolant inlet pipe (27). After the interior of the lower end box (28) is filled with coolant, the coolant gradually flows upward through the cooling pipe (25) and gathers in the upper end box (22). The coolant gathered in the upper end box (22) flows out of the heat dissipation box (4) through the coolant return pipe (26).
4. The temperature self-regulating device for a reduced liquid flow battery storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling pipe (25) tube bundle is embedded with a flow-blocking screen plate (24), and the flow-blocking screen plate (24) is provided with a screen plate liquid flow settling hole (30) having a smaller aperture than that of the cooling pipe (25) for the vanadium liquid flow to settle downward.
5. The temperature self-regulating device for a reduced liquid flow battery storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper liquid flow plate holes (31) are arranged inside the upper liquid flow uniform distribution plate (11), and the lower liquid flow plate holes (32) are arranged inside the lower liquid flow uniform distribution plate (12); the aperture of the upper liquid flow plate holes (31) is slightly larger than the aperture of the lower liquid flow plate holes (32); and the upper liquid flow plate holes (31) and the lower liquid flow plate holes (32) are staggered with each other.
6. A temperature self-regulating system for a reduced flow battery storage tank according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The pressure monitor (2), the flow rate monitor (19), and the temperature monitor (20) respectively actively monitor the pressure, flow rate, and temperature of the inlet and outlet of the vanadium liquid flow battery stack (1), and feed back the collected data to the signal discrimination execution system (3). The signal discrimination execution system (3) operates in two working states. The first case: when the signal discrimination execution system (3) recognizes that the outlet temperature of the vanadium liquid flow battery stack (1) is 50°C to 70°C, the vanadium liquid flow passes through the heat sink inlet pipe (5) and is evenly sprayed at the lower part of the separation port (6). The sprayed vanadium liquid flow falls on the upper box (22), then flows downward through the upper liquid flow channel (23) and exchanges heat with the coolant in the cooling pipe (25). The vanadium liquid flow after heat exchange finally passes through the lower liquid flow channel (29) and is collected at the bottom of the heat sink (4). It is then sent to the buffer tank (8) through the injection pump (13). The vanadium liquid flow can be extracted by the reflux pump (17). The heat exchange process of the internal heat exchange tube bundle realizes heat dissipation treatment of the vanadium liquid flow temperature of 50°C to 70°C under normal operation. The second case: when the signal discrimination execution system (3) recognizes that the outlet temperature of the vanadium liquid flow battery stack (1) is greater than 70°C, the temperature self-regulation function is immediately activated, and the heat sink inlet pipe (5) is passively lifted upward to pass the separation port (6). At this time, the vanadium liquid flow is sprayed in the space area below the sealing cover (7) and above the fan blade plate (21), and part of the vanadium liquid flow still operates according to the flow and heat exchange process of the first case. The other part of the vanadium liquid flow will flow through the upper surface of the fan blade (21) and gather around the heat sink (4), exchange heat with the phase change material (14) and the coolant in the phase change cooling tube (16) through the phase change liquid flow tube (15), and the vanadium liquid after heat exchange will flow through the phase change liquid flow tube (15) to the bottom of the heat sink (4), completing the vanadium liquid flow heat dissipation treatment process of the phase change heat exchange structure. Finally, the vanadium liquid flow from the heat exchange process of the internal heat exchange tube bundle and the vanadium liquid flow from the phase change heat exchange structure are gathered at the bottom of the heat sink (4), and the vanadium liquid flow is sent to the buffer tank (8) under the action of the injection pump (13).