Centralized sorting device and sorting method for household garbage

Abstract

The household garbage centralized sorting device comprises a machine frame, a garbage bag screening roller is arranged on the machine frame, a feeding conveying belt is arranged on the right side of the garbage bag screening roller, a garbage bag conveying belt is arranged on the left side of the garbage bag screening roller, and the garbage bag screening roller comprises a roller body; pricking needle groups capable of pricking a garbage bag are arrayed on the outer side wall of the can body in the circumferential direction. Kitchen garbage collected from all communities is flatly laid and conveyed through the feeding conveying belt, then the pricking needle set on the barrel body stretches into the kitchen garbage to prick garbage bags, the garbage bags are taken out of the kitchen garbage in cooperation with rotation of the roller, and the garbage bags are attached to the surface of the barrel body and then fall onto the garbage bag conveying belt. Therefore, the garbage bag is separated from the kitchen garbage, garbage which is not kitchen garbage is prevented from being mixed with the kitchen garbage, and the risk that harmful garbage is mixed into the kitchen garbage is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of a centralized domestic waste sorting device, and in particular to a centralized domestic waste sorting device and a sorting method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society, the acceleration of urbanization, the increase of urban population, and the improvement of people's living standards, the output of urban domestic garbage is constantly increasing, which has caused increasingly serious pollution to the environment and harm to people's health, and also restricted the development of cities. Garbage classification is a reform of the traditional way of garbage collection and disposal, and a scientific management method for effective garbage disposal. Faced with the increasing garbage output and the deteriorating environmental conditions, how to maximize the utilization of garbage resources, reduce garbage landfill, and improve the quality of the living environment through garbage classification and treatment is one of the urgent issues that all countries in the world are currently concerned about.

[0003] Our country is currently popularizing garbage sorting in various communities and then centrally processing them. However, during the disposal process, since garbage is thrown into garbage bags at home, some residents usually put the garbage bags directly into the kitchen waste bin to avoid hand contamination. Some residents also put all the unclassified garbage directly into the kitchen waste bin, resulting in the need to break the kitchen waste bags during the centralized processing. However, the existing bag breakers, such as the garbage bag breaking machine disclosed in CN102319605A, basically use two sets of shafts with blades on the shafts to break the garbage bags. However, if the collected garbage is directly broken by the above garbage bag breaking machine, some garbage that is not kitchen waste will be mixed with the kitchen waste, increasing the risk of hazardous waste being mixed into the kitchen waste. To avoid this situation, existing factories use manual picking to pick out the garbage bags and then inspect them. However, the manual method is very easy to miss inspections, so it is necessary to propose a centralized sorting device and sorting method for domestic waste. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the background technology and to provide a centralized domestic waste sorting device and a sorting method.

[0005] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: A centralized sorting device for domestic waste comprises a frame, a garbage bag screening drum is arranged on the frame, a feeding conveyor belt is arranged on the right side of the garbage bag screening drum, a garbage bag conveyor belt is arranged on the left side of the garbage bag screening drum, and the garbage bag screening drum comprises a cylinder body, and a needle group capable of piercing the garbage bag is arrayed in the circumferential direction of the outer side wall of the cylinder body.

[0006] The present invention flattens the kitchen waste collected from various communities through a feeding conveyor belt and then penetrates into the kitchen waste through a needle group on a cylinder to pierce a garbage bag. The garbage bag is taken out from the kitchen waste in coordination with the rotation of the drum, and the plastic bag adheres to the surface of the cylinder and then falls onto the garbage bag conveyor belt, thereby separating the garbage bag from the kitchen waste, preventing some garbage that is not kitchen waste from being mixed with the kitchen waste, and reducing the risk of hazardous waste being mixed into the kitchen waste.

[0007] The needle group consists of more than three needles, each of which is inclined upward in the counterclockwise direction of the cylinder. A fixed shaft is fixed to the bottom of the needle group. The cylinder is provided with limiting grooves in the axial direction, the same number as the needle group. The fixed shaft is arranged in the limiting groove. A limiting slide groove is provided between the limiting groove and the outer wall of the cylinder to facilitate the movement of the needles. Both ends of the fixed shaft are provided with guide discs that can extend and retract the needles. The guide discs are fixed on the frame. The guide discs include an inner ring and an outer ring. A guide groove is formed between the inner ring and the outer ring. A guiding arc portion is formed on the side of the guide groove close to the garbage bag conveyor belt to facilitate the retraction of the needles into the cylinder.

[0008] The present invention uses the rotation of the garbage bag screening drum to limit the fixed shaft by the limiting through groove and the guide groove, and the fixed shaft moves along the guide groove of the guide disc. When the garbage bag screening drum rotates with the pricking needles to guide the arc portion, the pricking needles shrink toward the inside of the cylinder body, so that the garbage bags fall onto the garbage bag conveyor belt, so as to screen out the garbage bags, so that each garbage bag can fall into the garbage bag conveyor bag, preventing some lighter garbage bags from failing to fall onto the garbage bag conveyor belt, and also allowing some kitchen waste that is pierced by the pricking needles together with the garbage bags to fall onto the garbage bag conveyor belt, preventing the light garbage bags and kitchen waste from gathering on the pricking needles and affecting the use of the pricking needles in the later stage.

[0009] Preferably, a drum cleaning mechanism is also provided on the top of the garbage bag screening drum, and the drum cleaning mechanism includes a water shield, a cleaning electric push rod, a drum outer wall cleaning pipe, a drum inner wall cleaning pipe, a water inlet pipe, and a sewage collecting box. The water shield is arranged above the cylinder body, and the sewage collecting box is arranged below the cylinder body. The cleaning electric push rod is arranged above the water shield, and the motor end of the cleaning electric push rod is fixedly connected to the frame. A plurality of drum outer wall cleaning pipes are arrayed in the length direction of the water shield, the water inlet pipe is arranged at the top of the water shield and is interconnected with the drum outer wall cleaning pipe, the drum inner wall cleaning pipe is arranged at the end of the water inlet pipe and is interconnected with the drum inner wall cleaning pipe, and the drum inner wall cleaning pipe is arranged between the side wall of the cylinder body and the guide disc.

[0010] The present invention drives the water retaining cover to move close to the outer wall of the cylinder through the cleaning electric push rod, so that the drum outer wall cleaning pipe is close to the outer surface of the cylinder, and the drum inner side cleaning pipe is close to the side wall of the cylinder. The drum outer wall cleaning pipe cooperates with the rotation of the cylinder to clean the surface of the cylinder, and water is flushed into the limiting groove through the drum inner side cleaning pipe, thereby cleaning the inside of the cylinder, preventing sewage from splashing everywhere through the water retaining cover, and collecting the flushed sewage into the sewage collection box at the bottom, thereby cleaning the cylinder, preventing the accumulation of kitchen waste on the inside and outside of the cylinder, ensuring smooth operation of the equipment and extending the service life.

[0011] Preferably, the fixed shaft includes a large tube, a small tube, a telescopic mechanism, a pressing electric push rod, and a pressing plate. The telescopic mechanism is fixed to the right side of the large tube, the small tube is fixed to the right side of the telescopic mechanism, the small tube protrudes from the limiting through groove, the pressing electric push rod is fixed on the frame, the pressing plate is fixed to the push rod end of the pressing electric push rod, the pressing plate is located on the right side of the guide disc, and the shape of the pressing plate cooperates with the shape of the guide groove to ensure that the pressing plate can pass through the guide groove.

[0012] The present invention extends the electric push rod by pressing it, pushes out the pressing plate, and then the small tube is retracted into the limiting groove through the telescopic mechanism, and the electric push rod is retracted by pressing it, so as to prevent the protruding small tube from hindering the rotation of the cylinder during cleaning.

[0013] Preferably, the telescopic mechanism includes a support shaft, a compression spring, a sliding block, a small tube, and a swing arm. The support shaft is fixed to the end of the large tube. A guide groove is provided on the support shaft. The sliding block is arranged in the guide groove. Two compression springs are arranged at the bottom of the sliding block. One end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the sliding block, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide groove. A special-shaped guide groove is provided on the side wall of the sliding block, and the special-shaped guide groove is heart-shaped. One end of the swing arm is arranged in the special-shaped guide groove, and the other end is rotatably connected to the support shaft. The small tube is arranged on the side of the sliding block close to the groove.

[0014] When the device of the present invention needs to be cleaned, the pressing plate is pushed out by pressing the electric push rod, and the sliding block is pressed to shrink the compression spring. At the same time, the swing arm slides to the top of the special-shaped guide slot, thereby driving the small tube to retract into the guide slot. Thereafter, the electric push rod is pressed to retract it for easy cleaning. When cleaning is not needed, the pressing plate is pushed out again by the electric push rod, and the swing arm moves to the bottom of the special-shaped guide slot, thereby driving the small tube to extend into the guide disc, thereby ensuring that the cleaning work will not be affected.

[0015] Preferably, a rotating shaft is fixed in the middle of the cylinder, both ends of the rotating shaft pass through the guide disc without contacting the guide disc, both ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the frame through bearings, and a rotating motor is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft, and the rotating motor is fixed on the frame so that the cylinder can rotate.

[0016] Preferably, the feed conveyor belt is formed by an array of more than three conveyor belts, and a first gap is formed between every two conveyor belts to facilitate the passage of the needle. The width of the first gap is slightly larger than the diameter of the needle, and the first gap ensures that the needle can pass through the conveyor belt.

[0017] Preferably, a second gap is formed between the feed conveyor belt and the needles to facilitate the passage of kitchen waste, and a kitchen waste conveyor belt is also provided at the bottom of the feed conveyor belt, so that the kitchen waste without garbage bags screened out falls into the kitchen waste conveyor belt at the bottom and is transported to the kitchen waste treatment site for processing, thereby recycling resources.

[0018] A centralized domestic waste sorting method comprises the following steps: S1, laying out, laying out the kitchen waste collected from various communities on the feed conveyor belt; S2, screening garbage bags. When the kitchen waste is transported to the end along the feeding conveyor belt, the garbage bag screening drum rotates counterclockwise, and the upwardly inclined pricking needle group penetrates into the kitchen waste and pierces the garbage bag. With the rotation of the drum, the garbage bag is taken out of the kitchen waste, and the plastic bag is attached to the surface of the drum. The kitchen waste falls along the second gap into the kitchen waste conveying conveyor belt at the bottom and is transported to the kitchen waste treatment place for treatment, so as to recycle resources. S3, rotation separation, through the rotation of the garbage bag screening drum, the fixed shaft moves along the guide groove of the guide disc, when the garbage bag screening drum rotates to the left with the pricking needle, when it rotates to the guide arc part, the pricking needle shrinks toward the inside of the cylinder, so that the garbage bag falls onto the garbage bag conveyor belt, and the garbage bag is screened out; S4, inspection, the selected garbage bags are manually opened to check whether there are harmful substances, and the harmful substances are removed, and the harmless kitchen waste is also sent to the kitchen waste treatment site for treatment.

[0019] In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention flattens the kitchen waste collected from various communities through a feeding conveyor belt, and then the needle group on the cylinder body penetrates into the kitchen waste and pierces the garbage bag. With the rotation of the drum, the garbage bag is taken out from the kitchen waste, and the plastic bag adheres to the surface of the cylinder body and then falls to the garbage bag conveyor belt, thereby separating the garbage bag from the kitchen waste, preventing some garbage that is not kitchen waste from being mixed with the kitchen waste, and reducing the risk of harmful waste being mixed into the kitchen waste; 2. The present invention rotates the garbage bag screening drum, and the fixed shaft is limited by the limiting through groove and the guide groove, and the fixed shaft moves along the guide groove of the guide disc. When the garbage bag screening drum rotates with the needles to guide the arc-shaped portion, the needles shrink toward the inside of the cylinder, so that the garbage bags fall onto the garbage bag conveyor belt, and the garbage bags are screened out, so that each garbage bag can fall into the garbage bag conveyor belt, preventing some relatively light garbage bags from failing to fall onto the garbage bag conveyor belt, and also allowing some kitchen waste that is pierced by the needles together with the garbage bags to fall onto the garbage bag conveyor belt, preventing light garbage bags and kitchen waste from gathering on the needles, which affects the use of the needles in the later stage; 3. The present invention drives the water shield to move close to the outer wall of the cylinder through the cleaning electric push rod, so that the drum outer wall cleaning pipe is close to the outer surface of the cylinder, and the drum inner cleaning pipe is close to the side wall of the cylinder. The drum outer wall cleaning pipe cooperates with the rotation of the cylinder to clean the surface of the cylinder, and water is flushed into the limit groove through the drum inner cleaning pipe, thereby cleaning the inside of the cylinder, and the water shield is used to prevent sewage from splashing everywhere. The flushed sewage is collected in the sewage collection box at the bottom, thereby cleaning the cylinder, preventing the accumulation of kitchen waste on the inside and outside of the cylinder, ensuring smooth operation of the equipment and extending the service life; 4. When the device of the present invention needs to be cleaned, the pressing plate is pushed out by pressing the electric push rod, and the sliding block is pressed to shrink the compression spring. At the same time, the swing arm slides to the top of the special-shaped guide slot, thereby driving the small tube to retract into the guide slot. Then, the electric push rod is pressed to retract it for easy cleaning. When cleaning is not needed, the pressing plate is pushed out again by the electric push rod, and the swing arm moves to the bottom of the special-shaped guide slot, thereby driving the small tube to extend into the guide disc, thereby ensuring that the cleaning work will not be affected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the centralized domestic waste sorting device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front view schematic diagram of the centralized domestic waste sorting device of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a garbage bag screening drum of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a guide disc of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the needle assembly of the present invention after being fixed with a fixed shaft; Figure 6 The present invention Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of point A; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the drum cleaning mechanism of the present invention being covered behind the drum body; Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention in which the fixed shaft is arranged in the cylinder; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the water retaining cover of the present invention; Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of a pressing plate of the present invention; Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the telescopic mechanism of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the small tube of the present invention after it is shrunk; Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the sorting method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following specific embodiments are merely explanations of the present invention and are not limitations of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications to the embodiments without any creative contribution as needed. However, such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0022] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of embodiments.

[0023] Example

[0024] like Figure 1-2 As shown in Figure 6, a centralized sorting device for household waste includes a frame 1, a garbage bag screening drum 3 is provided on the frame 1, a feeding conveyor belt 2 is provided on the right side of the garbage bag screening drum 3, a garbage bag conveyor belt 8 is provided on the left side of the garbage bag screening drum 3, and the garbage bag screening drum 3 includes a cylinder 31, and a needle group 32 capable of piercing a garbage bag is arrayed in the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the cylinder 31, and a rotating shaft 310 is fixed to the middle of the cylinder 31, and both ends of the rotating shaft 310 pass through the guide disc 33, both ends of the rotating shaft 310 are rotatably connected to the frame 1 through bearings, a rotating motor 320 is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft 310, and the rotating motor is fixed on the frame 1, the feeding conveyor belt 2 is composed of an array of more than three conveyor belts 21, and a first gap 22 is formed between every two conveyor belts 21 to facilitate the passage of the needle 321, and a second gap 23 is formed between the feeding conveyor belt 2 and the needle 321 to facilitate the passage of kitchen waste, and a kitchen waste conveying conveyor belt 24 is also provided at the bottom of the feeding conveyor belt 2.

[0025] like Figure 3-5 As shown, the needle group 32 is composed of more than three needles 321, each of which is inclined upward in the counterclockwise direction of the cylinder 31, and a fixed shaft 322 is fixed to the bottom of the needle group 32. The cylinder 31 is provided with limiting grooves 311 with the same number as the needle group 32 along the axial direction, and the fixed shaft 322 is arranged in the limiting groove 311, and a limiting sliding groove 323 is provided between the limiting groove 311 and the outer wall of the cylinder 31 to facilitate the movement of the needles. Both ends of the fixed shaft 322 are provided with guide discs 33 that can extend and retract the needles. The guide discs 33 are fixed on the frame 1, and the guide discs 33 include an inner ring 331 and an outer ring 332. A guide groove 333 is formed between the inner ring 331 and the outer ring 332, and a guide arc portion 334 is formed on the side of the guide groove 333 close to the garbage bag conveyor belt 8 to facilitate the retraction of the needles into the cylinder 31.

[0026] like Figure 7-10 As shown, a drum cleaning mechanism 4 is also provided on the top of the garbage bag screening drum 3, and the drum cleaning mechanism 4 includes a water shield 41, a cleaning electric push rod 42, a drum outer wall cleaning pipe 43, a drum inner side cleaning pipe 44, a water inlet pipe 45, and a sewage collecting box 46. The water shield 41 is arranged above the cylinder body 31, and the sewage collecting box 46 is arranged below the cylinder body 31. The cleaning electric push rod 42 is arranged above the water shield 41, and the cleaning electric push rod 42 is fixedly connected to the frame 1 at the motor end. A plurality of the drum outer wall cleaning pipes 43 are arrayed in the length direction of the water shield 41, and the water inlet pipe 45 is arranged at the top of the water shield 41 and is interconnected with the drum outer wall cleaning pipe 43, and the drum inner side cleaning pipe 44 is arranged at the end of the water inlet pipe 45 and is interconnected with it.

[0027] like Figure 11-12As shown, the fixed shaft 322 includes a large tube 324, a small tube 325, a telescopic mechanism 5, a pressing electric push rod 327, and a pressing plate 328. The telescopic mechanism 5 is fixed to the right side of the large tube 324, and the small tube 325 is fixed to the right side of the telescopic mechanism 5. The small tube 325 protrudes from the limiting slot 311. The pressing electric push rod 327 is fixed on the frame 1. The pressing plate 328 is fixed to the push rod end of the pressing electric push rod 327. The pressing plate 328 is located on the right side of the guide disc 33. The shape of the pressing plate 328 matches the shape of the guide groove 333. The telescopic mechanism 5 includes a support shaft 51, a compression spring 52, a sliding block 53, a small tube 325, and a swing arm 54. The support shaft 51 is fixed to the large tube 324. At the end, a guide slot 55 is provided on the support shaft 51, the sliding block 53 is arranged in the guide slot 55, and the two compression springs 52 are arranged at the bottom of the sliding block 53, one end of the compression spring 52 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 53, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide slot 55, and a special-shaped guide slot 56 is provided on the side wall of the sliding block 53, and the special-shaped guide slot 56 is heart-shaped, one end of the swing arm 54 is arranged in the special-shaped guide slot 56, and the other end is rotatably connected to the support shaft 51, and the small tube 325 is arranged on the side of the sliding block 53 close to the slot. The electric push rod and motor in this case are all controlled by a controller, and the controller control is a very mature existing technology, so it will not be repeated in this case.

[0028] like Fig.13 As shown, a centralized sorting method for domestic waste includes the following steps: S1, laying out, laying out the kitchen waste collected from each community on the feed conveyor belt 2; S2, screening garbage bags. When the kitchen waste is transported to the end along the feeding conveyor belt 2, the garbage bag screening drum 3 rotates counterclockwise, and the upwardly inclined needle group penetrates into the kitchen waste to pierce the garbage bag. With the rotation of the drum, the garbage bag is taken out of the kitchen waste, so that the plastic bag adheres to the surface of the drum, and the kitchen waste falls along the second gap 23 to the kitchen waste conveying conveyor belt 24 at the bottom to be transported to the kitchen waste treatment place for treatment, so as to recycle resources; S3, rotation separation, through the rotation of the garbage bag screening drum 3, the fixed shaft 322 moves along the guide groove 333 of the guide disc 33, when the garbage bag screening drum 3 rotates to the left with the needle 321, and rotates to the guide arc portion 334, the needle 321 shrinks toward the inside of the cylinder, so that the garbage bag falls onto the garbage bag conveyor belt 8, so that the garbage bag is screened out. S4, inspection, the selected garbage bags are manually opened to check whether there are harmful substances, the harmful substances are removed, the harmful waste is treated as relevant harmful waste, and the harmless kitchen waste is also sent to the kitchen waste treatment site for treatment.

[0029] Working principle: Figure 1-12 As shown, the kitchen waste collected from each community is spread on the feed conveyor belt 2. When the kitchen waste is transported to the end along the feed conveyor belt 2, the garbage bag screening drum 3 rotates counterclockwise, and the upwardly inclined needle group 32 penetrates into the kitchen waste and pierces the garbage bag 100. In coordination with the rotation of the cylinder 31, the garbage bag is taken out of the kitchen waste, and the garbage bag 100 is attached to the surface of the cylinder 31. Through the rotation of the garbage bag screening drum 3, the fixed shaft 322 moves along the guide groove 333 of the guide disc 33. When the garbage bag screening drum 3 When the needle 321 rotates to the left side and rotates to the guide arc portion 334, the needle 321 shrinks toward the inside of the cylinder, so that the garbage bag falls onto the garbage bag conveyor belt 8, thereby screening out the garbage bag, and the kitchen waste falls along the second gap 23 into the kitchen waste conveyor belt 24 at the bottom to be transported to the kitchen waste treatment place for treatment, so as to recycle resources. The screened garbage bag can be manually broken to check whether there are harmful substances, remove the harmful substances, and send the harmless kitchen waste to the kitchen waste treatment place for treatment; When cleaning is needed during the whole process, the pressing plate 328 is pushed out by pressing the electric push rod 327, and the sliding block 53 is pressed to shrink the compression spring 52. At the same time, the swing arm 54 slides to the top of the special-shaped guide slot 56, thereby driving the small tube 325 to retract into the guide slot 55, and then the electric push rod 327 is pressed to retract, and the water shield 41 is driven to move close to the outer wall of the cylinder 31 by the cleaning electric push rod 42, so that the drum outer wall cleaning pipe is close to the outer surface of the cylinder 31, and the drum inner side cleaning pipe 44 is close to the side wall of the cylinder 31. The drum outer wall cleaning pipe 43 cooperates with the rotation of the cylinder 31 to clean the surface of the cylinder 31. The surface is cleaned, and water is flushed into the limiting groove 311 through the cleaning pipe on the inside of the drum, so that the inside of the cylinder 31 is cleaned, and the water shield 41 is used to prevent sewage from splashing everywhere. The flushed sewage is collected in the sewage collecting box 46 at the bottom, so as to clean the cylinder 41 and prevent the accumulation of kitchen waste on the inside and outside of the cylinder, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of the equipment and extending its service life. When cleaning is not needed, the pressing plate 328 is pushed out again by pressing the electric push rod 327, and the swing arm 54 moves to the bottom of the special-shaped guide slot 56, thereby driving the small tube 325 to extend into the guide disc 33, thereby ensuring that it will not affect the cleaning work.

Claims

1. A centralized domestic waste sorting device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (1), wherein a garbage bag screening drum (3) is provided on the frame (1), a feeding conveyor belt (2) is provided on the right side of the garbage bag screening drum (3), and a garbage bag conveyor belt (8) is provided on the left side of the garbage bag screening drum (3), and the garbage bag screening drum (3) comprises a cylinder (31), and a needle group (32) capable of piercing a garbage bag is arranged in an array in the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the cylinder (31).

2. A centralized domestic waste sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The needle group (32) is composed of more than three needles (321), each of which is inclined upward in the counterclockwise direction of the cylinder (31). A fixed shaft (322) is fixed to the bottom of the needle group (32). The cylinder (31) is provided with limiting grooves (311) in the axial direction, the number of which is the same as that of the needle group (32). The fixed shaft (322) is arranged in the limiting groove (311). A limiting sliding groove (323) is provided between the limiting groove (311) and the outer wall of the cylinder (31) to facilitate the movement of the needles. Guide discs (33) capable of extending and retracting the needles are provided at both ends of the fixed shaft (322). The guide discs (33) are fixed to the frame (1).

3. A centralized household waste sorting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide disc (33) comprises an inner ring (331) and an outer ring (332), a guide groove (333) being formed between the inner ring (331) and the outer ring (332), and a guide arc portion (334) for facilitating the retraction of the puncture needle into the cylinder (31) is formed on a side of the guide groove (333) close to the garbage bag conveyor belt (8).

4. A centralized domestic waste sorting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A drum cleaning mechanism (4) is also provided on the top of the garbage bag screening drum (3). The drum cleaning mechanism (4) comprises a water shield (41), a cleaning electric push rod (42), a drum outer wall cleaning pipe (43), a drum inner side cleaning pipe (44), a water inlet pipe (45), and a sewage collection box (46). The water shield (41) is provided above the drum body (31), the sewage collection box (46) is provided below the drum body (31), the cleaning electric push rod (42) is provided above the water shield (41), the cleaning electric push rod (42) is fixedly connected to the frame (1) at the motor end, a plurality of drum outer wall cleaning pipes (43) are arranged in an array in the length direction of the water shield (41), the water inlet pipe (45) is provided at the top of the water shield (41) and is in communication with the drum outer wall cleaning pipe (43), and the drum inner side cleaning pipe (44) is provided at the end of the water inlet pipe (45) and is in communication with the water inlet pipe (45).

5. A centralized household waste sorting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed shaft (322) comprises a large tube (324), a small tube (325), a telescopic mechanism (5), a pressing electric push rod (327), and a pressing plate (328); the telescopic mechanism (5) is fixed to the right side of the large tube (324); the small tube (325) is fixed to the right side of the telescopic mechanism (5); the small tube (325) protrudes from the limiting through slot (311); the pressing electric push rod (327) is fixed to the frame (1); the pressing plate (328) is fixed to the push rod end of the pressing electric push rod (327); the pressing plate (328) is located on the right side of the guide disc (33); and the shape of the pressing plate (328) matches the shape of the guide slot (333).

6. A centralized household waste sorting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism (5) comprises a support shaft (51), a compression spring (52), a sliding block (53), a small tube (325), and a swing arm (54). The support shaft (51) is fixed to the end of the large tube (324). A guide slot (55) is provided on the support shaft (51). The sliding block (53) is arranged in the guide slot (55). Two compression springs (52) are arranged at the bottom of the sliding block (53). One end of the compression spring (52) is fixedly connected to the sliding block (53), and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide slot (55). A special-shaped guide slot (56) is provided on the side wall of the sliding block (53). The special-shaped guide slot (56) is heart-shaped. One end of the swing arm (54) is arranged in the special-shaped guide slot (56), and the other end is rotatably connected to the support shaft (51). The small tube (325) is arranged on a side of the sliding block (53) close to the slot.

7. A centralized household waste sorting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A rotating shaft (310) is fixed in the middle of the cylinder (31), both ends of the rotating shaft (310) pass through the guide disc (33), both ends of the rotating shaft (310) are rotatably connected to the frame (1) via bearings, and a rotating motor (320) is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft (310), and the rotating motor is fixed on the frame (1).

8. The centralized household waste sorting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feed conveyor belt (2) is formed by an array of more than three conveyor belts (21), and a first gap (22) is formed between every two conveyor belts (21) to facilitate the needle (321) to pass through.

9. A centralized household waste sorting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second gap (23) is formed between the feed conveyor belt (2) and the pricking needles (321) to facilitate the passage of kitchen waste, and a kitchen waste conveying conveyor belt (24) is also provided at the bottom of the feed conveyor belt (2).

10. A method for centralized sorting of domestic waste, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1, spreading, spreading the kitchen waste collected from various communities on the feed conveyor belt (2); S2, screening garbage bags. When the kitchen waste is transported to the end along the feed conveyor belt (2), the garbage bag screening drum (3) rotates counterclockwise, and the upwardly inclined needle group penetrates into the kitchen waste to pierce the garbage bag. In coordination with the rotation of the drum, the garbage bag is taken out of the kitchen waste, so that the plastic bag adheres to the surface of the drum, and the kitchen waste falls along the second gap (23) to the kitchen waste conveying conveyor belt (24) at the bottom and is transported to the kitchen waste treatment place for treatment, so as to recycle the resources; S3, rotational separation, through the rotation of the garbage bag screening drum (3), the fixed shaft (322) moves along the guide groove (333) of the guide disc (33), when the garbage bag screening drum (3) rotates to the left with the pricking needle (321), and rotates to the guide arc portion (334), the pricking needle (321) shrinks toward the inside of the drum, so that the garbage bag falls onto the garbage bag conveyor belt (8), and the garbage bag is screened out; S4, inspection, the selected garbage bags are manually opened to check whether there are harmful substances, and the harmful substances are removed, and the harmless kitchen waste is also sent to the kitchen waste treatment site for treatment.

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