Brake disc brake surface processing technology

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of brake disc machining, in particular to a brake disc brake surface machining process which comprises the steps that S1, rough turning is conducted, specifically, a turning tool is arranged on a numerical control machine tool, the turning tool is used for turning two brake surfaces of a brake disc, and the turning tool is used for turning from the outer circle of the brake surface to the inner circle of the brake surface; s2, primary grinding: arranging a grinding wheel on the numerical control machine tool, and sequentially grinding two brake surfaces by using the end surface of the grinding wheel; and S3, secondary grinding and pull grinding are conducted, specifically, a grinding wheel is used for conducting secondary grinding and pull grinding on the two brake faces in sequence, and according to pull grinding, the grinding wheel is dragged from the inner circles of the brake faces to the outer circles of the brake faces. A traditional turning technology is changed into a turning and grinding combined mode, the consistency of the roughness of the brake surface and the extremely small planeness variation in the machining process are guaranteed, and the chatter mark problem of the brake disc fine polishing brake surface procedure is eliminated in combination with control over specific technological parameters such as the turning speed in the method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of brake disc processing, and in particular to a brake disc brake surface processing technology. Background Art

[0002] The brake disc is an important component in the automobile braking system. During braking, the brake caliper clamps the two brake surfaces of the brake disc to generate braking force, which fixes the relatively rotating brake disc to slow down or stop the car. Therefore, in order to ensure the quality and performance of the brake disc, both brake surfaces need to be processed.

[0003] There are two types of brake surface processing states, brake surface grinding disc and brake surface finishing disc. Among them, the brake surface finishing disc plays an important role in improving brake performance, solving brake noise and service life. The traditional brake surface finishing disc processing method is to use CBN (Cubic Boron Nitride) or ceramic blade finishing. The utility model patent with the authorization announcement number CN219724615U discloses a brake disc surface turning tool that can be used for brake disc turning. However, in the traditional turning process, the roughness of the brake surface is greatly affected by the wear of the tool tip. After the tool tip is worn, not only does it squeeze the workpiece to cause the brake surface flatness to be out of tolerance, but the thickness is difficult to control and it is easy to cause vibration marks. In addition, the blade replacement frequency is high, the tool cost is high, and frequent tool changes affect the processing efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a brake disc brake surface processing technology, which improves production efficiency while reducing production costs and solves the problem of frequent tool head replacement in traditional turning processes.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the brake disc brake surface processing technology disclosed in the present invention comprises the following steps: S0. Installation: Clamp and fix the brake disc to be processed on the spindle fixture of the CNC machine tool. The brake disc rotates around the axis under the drive of the spindle. The brake disc includes two brake surfaces, namely a convex surface and a concave surface; The following steps are also included: S1, rough turning, a turning tool is provided on the CNC machine tool, and the turning tool is used to turn the two brake surfaces of the brake disc, and the turning tool turns from the outer circle of the brake surface to the inner circle; S2, one-time grinding, the CNC machine tool is equipped with a grinding wheel, and the end face of the grinding wheel is used to grind the two brake surfaces in sequence; S3, secondary grinding and broaching, using a grinding wheel to perform secondary grinding and broaching on the two brake surfaces in sequence, wherein the broaching is to drag the grinding wheel from the inner circle of the brake surface to the outer circle.

[0006] Furthermore, the turning tools are provided with two opposite ones, and two brake surfaces can be turned at the same time during processing.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S1, the spindle speed is 400-500 r / min, and the feed rate is 0.25-0.3 mm / r.

[0008] Furthermore, the grinding wheels are arranged in two opposite directions. During grinding, the brake surface is located between the two grinding wheels, and the grinding wheels and the brake disc rotate in opposite directions.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S2, the spindle speed is 1500-2000 r / min, the grinding wheel speed is 200-230 r / min, the feed rate is 0.005-0.01 mm / r, and the grinding time is 0.4-0.8 s.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S3, the spindle speed is 1500-2000 r / min, the grinding wheel speed is 200-230 r / min, the feed rate is 0.6-0.8 mm / r, and the secondary grinding time is 0.3-0.5 s.

[0011] Furthermore, after the grinding wheel is worn, the CNC machine tool automatically modifies the tool compensation according to the current change.

[0012] Furthermore, the turning tool is a ceramic tool or a CBN tool.

[0013] The brake disc brake surface processing technology of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. By changing the traditional turning process to a combination of turning and grinding, the consistency of the brake surface roughness and the extremely small flatness change are guaranteed during the processing, which fully meets the process requirements. In addition, combined with the control of specific process parameters such as turning speed in the present invention, the vibration problem of the brake disc polishing process is eliminated.

[0014] 2. Through the CNC program, after the grinding wheel is worn, the machine tool equipment can automatically modify the tool compensation according to the current change, avoiding the influence of grinding wheel wear on the processing effect.

[0015] 3. Through the process of grinding instead of turning the brake surface, the cutter head can be replaced every time more than 800 pieces are processed, and the grinding wheel can be replaced every time more than 20,000 pieces are processed. This changes the problem of the traditional process that the cutter head needs to be replaced every 30 to 50 pieces. While improving production efficiency, it also reduces production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the convex surface of the brake disc; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the concave position of the brake disc; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the grinding wheel structure; Figure 4 This is a simplified diagram of the machine tool structure; Figure 5 This is the experimental data table of Example 1; Figure 6 This is the experimental data table of Example 2; Figure 7 This is the experimental data table of Example 3; Figure 8 This is the experimental data table of Comparative Example 1; Fig. 9 This is the numerical control wiring diagram of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure, 1, brake disc; 11, convex surface; 12, concave surface; 2, grinding wheel; 21, circumferential surface; 22, end surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following is combined with Figure 1 To Attachment Fig. 9 The principles and features of the present invention are described, and the examples given are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0019] Embodiment 1: A brake disc brake surface processing process comprises the following steps: S0. Installation. First, clamp the brake disc to be processed on the spindle fixture of the CNC machine tool. The brake disc can rotate around the axis with the spindle under the drive of the spindle.

[0020] S1. Rough turning. Two ceramic turning tools are arranged opposite to each other on the CNC machine. During turning, the two turning tools turn the two brake surfaces of the brake disc at the same time. The turning tools turn from the outer circle of the brake surface to the inner circle. The spindle speed is 400 r / min and the feed rate is 0.25 mm / r.

[0021] S2. Grinding once. Two grinding wheels are set opposite to each other on the CNC machine tool. The grinding wheels are made of 100-mesh diamond. The two brake surfaces are located between the two grinding wheels. The grinding is performed by fitting the end faces of the grinding wheels against the brake surfaces. The grinding wheels and the brake discs rotate in opposite directions. During grinding, the grinding wheels and the brake discs do not move radially. During processing, the spindle speed is 1500r / min, the grinding wheel speed is 200r / min, the feed rate is 0.005mm / r, and the grinding time is 0.4s.

[0022] S21, grinding the convex surface once.

[0023] S22, grinding the concave surface once.

[0024] S3, secondary grinding and grinding. In the secondary grinding, the two brake surfaces are located between the two grinding wheels, and the grinding is performed by using the end face of the grinding wheel to fit the brake surface. The grinding wheel and the brake disc rotate in opposite directions, and the grinding wheel and the brake disc do not move radially. In the grinding, the end face of the grinding wheel fits the brake surface and is dragged from the inner circle to the outer circle of the brake surface. During processing, the spindle speed is 1500r / min, the grinding wheel speed is 200r / min, the feed rate is 0.6mm / r, and the secondary grinding time is 0.3s.

[0025] S31, performing secondary grinding and broaching on the convex surface in sequence.

[0026] S31, performing secondary grinding and broaching on the concave surface in sequence.

[0027] During the machining process, after the grinding wheel is worn, the CNC machine tool can automatically modify the tool compensation according to the current changes.

[0028] Embodiment 2: A brake disc brake surface processing process comprises the following steps: S0. Installation. First, clamp the brake disc to be processed on the spindle fixture of the CNC machine tool. The brake disc can rotate around the axis with the spindle under the drive of the spindle.

[0029] S1. Rough turning. Two ceramic turning tools are arranged opposite to each other on the CNC machine. During turning, the two turning tools turn the two brake surfaces of the brake disc at the same time. The turning tools turn from the outer circle of the brake surface to the inner circle. The spindle speed is 500 r / min and the feed rate is 0.30 mm / r.

[0030] S2. Grinding once. Two grinding wheels are set opposite to each other on the CNC machine tool. The grinding wheels are made of 100-mesh diamond. The two brake surfaces are located between the two grinding wheels. The grinding is performed by fitting the end faces of the grinding wheels against the brake surfaces. The grinding wheels and the brake discs rotate in opposite directions. During grinding, the grinding wheels and the brake discs do not move radially. During processing, the spindle speed is 2000 r / min, the grinding wheel speed is 230 r / min, the feed rate is 0.01 mm / r, and the grinding time is 0.8 s.

[0031] S21, grinding the convex surface once.

[0032] S22, grinding the concave surface once.

[0033] S3, secondary grinding and grinding. In the secondary grinding, the two brake surfaces are located between the two grinding wheels, and the grinding is performed by using the end face of the grinding wheel to fit the brake surface. The grinding wheel and the brake disc rotate in opposite directions, and the grinding wheel and the brake disc do not move radially. In the grinding, the end face of the grinding wheel fits the brake surface and drags it from the inner circle to the outer circle of the brake surface. During processing, the spindle speed is 2000r / min, the grinding wheel speed is 230r / min, the feed rate is 0.8mm / r, and the secondary grinding time is 0.5s.

[0034] S31, performing secondary grinding and broaching on the convex surface in sequence.

[0035] S31, performing secondary grinding and broaching on the concave surface in sequence.

[0036] During the machining process, after the grinding wheel is worn, the CNC machine tool can automatically modify the tool compensation according to the current changes.

[0037] Embodiment 3: A brake disc brake surface processing process comprises the following steps: S0. Installation. First, clamp the brake disc to be processed on the spindle fixture of the CNC machine tool. The brake disc can rotate around the axis with the spindle under the drive of the spindle.

[0038] S1. Rough turning. Two ceramic turning tools are arranged opposite to each other on the CNC machine. During turning, the two turning tools turn the two brake surfaces of the brake disc at the same time. The turning tools turn from the outer circle of the brake surface to the inner circle. The spindle speed is 450r / min and the feed rate is 0.27mm / r.

[0039] S2. Grinding once. Two grinding wheels are set opposite to each other on the CNC machine tool. The grinding wheels are made of 100-mesh diamond. The two brake surfaces are located between the two grinding wheels. The grinding is performed by fitting the end faces of the grinding wheels against the brake surfaces. The grinding wheels and the brake discs rotate in opposite directions. During grinding, the grinding wheels and the brake discs do not move radially. During processing, the spindle speed is 1800r / min, the grinding wheel speed is 220r / min, the feed rate is 0.008mm / r, and the grinding time is 0.6s.

[0040] S21, grinding the convex surface once.

[0041] S22, grinding the concave surface once.

[0042] S3, secondary grinding and grinding. In the secondary grinding, the two brake surfaces are located between the two grinding wheels, and the grinding is performed by using the end face of the grinding wheel to fit the brake surface. The grinding wheel and the brake disc rotate in opposite directions, and the grinding wheel and the brake disc do not move radially. In the grinding, the end face of the grinding wheel fits the brake surface and drags it from the inner circle to the outer circle of the brake surface. During processing, the spindle speed is 1800r / min, the grinding wheel speed is 220r / min, the feed rate is 0.7mm / r, and the secondary grinding time is 0.4s.

[0043] S31, performing secondary grinding and broaching on the convex surface in sequence.

[0044] S31, performing secondary grinding and broaching on the concave surface in sequence.

[0045] During the machining process, after the grinding wheel is worn, the CNC machine tool can automatically modify the tool compensation according to the current changes.

[0046] Comparative Example 1: The brake disc is directly turned using a ceramic turning tool in the prior art. During turning, the spindle speed is 300 r / min and the feed rate is 0.15-0.2 mm / r.

[0047] The brake surfaces of 50 brake pads (model LD18646) were processed by the processes in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, and the roughness, flatness, brake surface thickness, DTV (thickness change in the same radial direction after one rotation of the brake disc) and brake surface runout were collected. The specific data are as follows: Figure 5~Figure 8 The mean values ​​of each group of data are calculated as shown in Table 1, and the standard values ​​of each parameter are shown in Table 2: Table 1: Experimental data mean

[0048] Table 2: Process requirements for this model

[0049] From Table 1 and Figure 5~Figure 8 It can be seen that the average values ​​of roughness and flatness of the brake discs processed in Examples 1 to 3 are better than those in Comparative Example 1, and from the specific data, it can be seen that in Examples 1 to 3, the roughness and flatness are more stable, the variation is smaller, and the brake surface thickness is closer to the process requirement value.

[0050] The service life of the grinding wheel and the turning tool were verified by using the processes in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1. Under the premise of ensuring the thickness, flatness and roughness of the brake surface, the replacement frequency of the grinding wheel and the turning tool in each embodiment and comparative example is shown in Table 3. The replacement frequency is reflected by the number of brake discs processed: Table 3: Grinding wheel and turning tool replacement frequency

[0051] It can be seen from Table 3 that the replacement frequency of the brake disc brake surface processing technology of the present invention is much lower than the frequency of replacing the cutter head per shift in the traditional process, which improves the processing efficiency and saves the cost of consumables.

[0052] In addition, through the CNC machining program, after the grinding wheel is worn, the CNC machine tool can automatically modify the tool correction according to the current change. Based on Example 1, the wear of 2500 grinding wheels was measured to verify the effectiveness of the CNC program of the present invention. The data are shown in Table 4: Table 4: Grinding wheel and turning tool replacement frequency

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The brake disc brake surface processing technology includes the following steps: S0. Installation: Clamp and fix the brake disc to be processed on the spindle fixture of the CNC machine tool. The brake disc rotates around the axis under the drive of the spindle. The brake disc includes two brake surfaces, namely a convex surface and a concave surface; It is characterized in that The following steps are also included: S1, rough turning, a turning tool is provided on the CNC machine tool, and the turning tool is used to turn the two brake surfaces of the brake disc, and the turning tool turns from the outer circle of the brake surface to the inner circle; S2, one-time grinding, the CNC machine tool is equipped with a grinding wheel, and the end face of the grinding wheel is used to grind the two brake surfaces in sequence; S3, secondary grinding and broaching, using a grinding wheel to perform secondary grinding and broaching on the two brake surfaces in sequence, wherein the broaching is to drag the grinding wheel from the inner circle of the brake surface to the outer circle.

2. The brake disc brake surface processing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turning tools are provided with two opposite ones, and two brake surfaces can be turned at the same time during processing.

3. The brake disc brake surface processing process according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1, the spindle speed is 400-500 r / min, and the feed rate is 0.25-0.3 mm / r.

4. The brake disc brake surface processing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding wheels are arranged in two opposite directions. During grinding, the brake surface is located between the two grinding wheels, and the grinding wheels and the brake disc rotate in opposite directions.

5. The brake disc brake surface processing process according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, the spindle speed is 1500-2000 r / min, the grinding wheel speed is 200-230 r / min, the feed rate is 0.005-0.01 mm / r, and the grinding time is 0.4-0.8 s.

6. The brake disc brake surface processing process according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the spindle speed is 1500-2000 r / min, the grinding wheel speed is 200-230 r / min, the feed rate is 0.6-0.8 mm / r, and the secondary grinding time is 0.3-0.5 s.

7. The brake disc brake surface processing process according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the grinding wheel is worn, the CNC machine tool automatically modifies the tool compensation according to the current change.

8. The brake disc brake surface processing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turning tool is a ceramic tool or a CBN tool.

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