Water-retaining sand-fixing agent taking straw meal box as raw material, water-retaining sand-fixing block and preparation method of water-retaining sand-fixing agent
By combining straw lunch boxes with bamboo powder, modified starch, xanthan gum and bentonite, a low-cost water-retaining sand fixing agent is prepared, which solves the problems of high cost of water-retaining sand fixing agent and waste of straw lunch boxes in the prior art. Efficient waste utilization and soil improvement effects have been achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411593699.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-18
AI Technical Summary
The existing water-retaining and sand fixing agents are costly and difficult to meet the needs of desertified and desertified areas. At the same time, the straw lunch boxes used in the catering field are seriously wasted and there is a lack of effective methods of utilization.
A low-cost water-retaining and sand-retaining agent and water-retaining block are prepared through fermentation, refining and enzymatic processes, combined with bamboo powder, modified starch, xanthan gum and bentonite.
The secondary utilization of waste is achieved, production costs are reduced, the water absorption and stability of water-retaining sand fixing agents are improved, and the water retention capacity and structural improvement effect of the soil are enhanced.
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Figure CN119463885A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the application field of soil water-retaining agents, and in particular to a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent and a water-retaining and sand-fixing block using straw lunch boxes as raw materials, and a preparation method thereof. Background Art
[0002] In response to the increasingly serious desertification and desertification problems in grassland and desert areas, my country has taken a series of measures and projects. The current main method is afforestation in the desert. However, in desertified areas, water resources are very precious. In water conservation and sand fixation projects, there is a great demand for water-retaining and sand-fixing agents. The existing water-retaining and sand-fixing agents are costly and cannot meet the demand.
[0003] The catering industry uses a huge amount of lunch boxes made from crop straw. How to deal with these lunch boxes and turn "waste" into treasure is also a problem that needs to be solved urgently.
[0004] After the straw lunch box is made through the previous process, not only is the finished product rich in cellulose, but the previous lunch box molding process also makes the original structure easier to destroy, allowing for better pollution-free extraction; Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent, a water-retaining and sand-fixing block and a preparation method thereof using straw lunch boxes as raw materials, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present application provides a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials, wherein the raw materials, measured by weight, include:
[0007] 20-30 parts of straw lunch box, 40-60 parts of bamboo powder, 10-20 parts of enzyme, 10-20 parts of xanthan gum, 10-20 parts of modified starch, 10-20 parts of bentonite;
[0008] The raw materials of the straw lunch box include straw;
[0009] The enzymes include ligninase and / or hemicellulase.
[0010] Optionally, the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials meets at least one of the following conditions:
[0011] A. The raw materials also include 10-20 parts of urea;
[0012] B. The modified starch is prepared by introducing starch monomers;
[0013] The monomers include one or more of acrylamide, 2-acrylamide and 2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.
[0014] The second aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials, comprising:
[0015] The straw lunch box and the bamboo powder are mixed and fermented to obtain a first material;
[0016] Refining the first material to obtain a second material;
[0017] The second material and the enzyme are mixed and solid-liquid separated to obtain a third material;
[0018] The third material, the xanthan gum, the modified starch and the bentonite are mixed and heated to obtain the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using the straw lunch box as a raw material.
[0019] Optionally, the method for preparing the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
[0020] A. The straw lunch box is crushed before use;
[0021] B. The straw lunch box is degreased before use.
[0022] Optionally, the method for preparing the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
[0023] A. adding urea during the fermentation;
[0024] B. The fermentation time is 5-6 days, and the temperature is 35°C-40°C.
[0025] Optionally, the method for preparing the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
[0026] A. The beating degree of the second material is 25°SR-28°SR;
[0027] B. After the refining is completed, washing is performed to obtain the second material.
[0028] Optionally, the method for preparing the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
[0029] A. The heating temperature is 70°C-75°C and the heating time is 1.5h-2.0h;
[0030] B. the heating comprises water bath heating;
[0031] C. After the heating is completed, the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using the straw lunch box as raw material is obtained by drying and crushing.
[0032] The third aspect of the present application provides a water-retaining sand-fixing block, the raw materials of which, measured by weight, include:
[0033] The water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials or the preparation method of the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials comprises 10-15 parts of the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials, 10-15 parts of clay, 10-15 parts of fermented straw, and 10-15 parts of water.
[0034] Optionally, the water-retaining and sand-fixing block meets at least one of the following conditions:
[0035] A. The clay comprises clay slurry;
[0036] B. The fermented straw includes the first material.
[0037] The fourth aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing the water-retaining and sand-fixing block, comprising:
[0038] The water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using the straw lunch box as a raw material, the clay, the fermented straw, and the water are mixed, and the blocks are pressed and dried in sequence to obtain the water-retaining and sand-fixing blocks.
[0039] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application include:
[0040] The water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials provided by the present application uses straw lunch boxes as raw materials, abandons the traditional process of directly using straw to make it, and realizes the secondary utilization of waste; the main component of bamboo powder is cellulose, which can increase the cellulose content of the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent; modified starch can be used as a skeleton material to form a network structure with monomers such as acrylic acid to help maintain the shape, and the three-dimensional network structure is generated by the polymerization of modified starch monomers; xanthan gum is a highly efficient hydrophilic colloid that can significantly improve its water absorption; bentonite has good water absorption and swelling properties, which can increase the water absorption capacity of the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent, and the gel-like substance formed after bentonite absorbs water helps to improve the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent The three-dimensional network structure makes it more stable, and its surfactants such as cellulose ether (CE) have hydrophilic groups and hydrophobic groups, which can reduce the surface tension of the suspension and form bubbles inside. The bubbles are difficult to gather into large bubbles and discharge. At the same time, the increase in the viscosity of the suspension also inhibits the diffusion and merging of bubbles, resulting in an increase in the porosity of the formed filter cake to improve its three-dimensional grid structure; bentonite can also increase the adhesion between the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent and soil particles, which helps to evenly distribute the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent in the soil. Bentonite has strong water absorption and can significantly swell after absorbing water to form a colloidal state. This expansion effect helps to form a closer contact and adhesion between the bentonite particles and the soil particles.
[0041] The present application provides a method for preparing a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials. The method uses fermentation and pulping to destroy the original plant cell wall structure of straw lunch boxes and bamboo, and adopts a biological fermentation mode combined with a mechanical physical mode to obtain a mixture of plant cellulose and lignin inside the cell. An enzyme is then used to enzymatically hydrolyze the lignin in the second material, and cellulose is obtained by solid-liquid separation. The cellulose is then heated through xanthan gum, modified starch, and bentonite. Heating can promote chemical reactions between starch and the modifier, such as esterification or etherification reactions, thereby improving the modification efficiency and the performance of the modified starch, and preparing a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials.
[0042] The water-retaining and sand-fixing blocks provided in the present application have internal components that can improve the water absorption and water retention capacity of the soil, while also improving the structure of the soil and increasing the fertility of the soil. In the process of decomposition, various microorganisms can be produced to improve the microbial aspects of the soil and enhance the stability of the environment.
[0043] The preparation method of water-retaining and sand-fixing blocks provided in the present application is, first of all, a secondary utilization of resources, which greatly reduces the need for waste straw lunch boxes to be treated only by incineration, reduces environmental pollution, and directly performs physical extraction in the extraction of cellulose, etc., which reduces the result of wastewater being unable to be treated during traditional acid-base extraction. The added substances are all decomposable substances and will not affect environmental pollution energy issues. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present application.
[0045] Figure 1 This is a physical picture of the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent prepared in Example 1 using straw lunch boxes as raw materials;
[0046] Figure 2 This is a physical picture of the water-retaining and sand-fixing block prepared in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0047] As used herein:
[0048] "Prepared from" is synonymous with "comprising." As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the listed elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0049] The conjunction "consisting of excludes any unspecified element, step, or component. If used in a claim, this phrase renders the claim closed-ended so that it does not include materials other than those described, except for conventional impurities associated therewith. When the phrase "consisting of" appears in a clause of the body of a claim rather than immediately following the subject matter, it limits only the elements described in that clause; other elements are not excluded from the claim as a whole.
[0050] When an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, a preferred range, or a range defined by a series of upper preferred values and lower preferred values, this should be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed by any pairing of any range upper limit or preferred value with any range lower limit or preferred value, regardless of whether the range is disclosed separately. For example, when a range of "1 to 5" is disclosed, the described range should be interpreted as including ranges "1 to 4", "1 to 3", "1 to 2", "1 to 2 and 4 to 5", "1 to 3 and 5", etc. When a numerical range is described in this article, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include its end values and all integers and fractions within the range.
[0051] In these examples, parts and percentages are by mass unless otherwise indicated.
[0052] "Parts by mass" refers to the basic unit of measurement for expressing the mass ratio of multiple components. 1 part can represent any unit mass, such as 1g or 2.689g. If we say that the mass of component A is a parts and the mass of component B is b parts, it means the ratio of the mass of component A to the mass of component B is a:b. Alternatively, it means that the mass of component A is aK and the mass of component B is bK (K is an arbitrary number, indicating a multiple factor). It should not be misunderstood that, unlike the mass parts, the sum of the mass of all components is not limited to 100 parts.
[0053] "And / or" is used to indicate that one or both of the stated situations may occur, for example, A and / or B includes (A and B) and (A or B).
[0054] It should be noted that the present application recycles used or unused straw lunch boxes on the market in batches, abandons the traditional process of directly using straw to make them, realizes the secondary utilization of waste, and truly achieves low cost, zero emissions, and beneficial use of waste. In addition, the water-retaining and sand-fixing agents and water-retaining and sand-fixing blocks prepared by the present application using straw lunch boxes as raw materials are not only pollution-free, harmless, and have a short degradable period, but also help seedlings absorb water and fertilizer to facilitate growth.
[0055] The first aspect of the present application provides a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials, wherein the raw materials, measured by weight, include:
[0056] 20-30 parts of straw lunch box, 40-60 parts of bamboo powder, 10-20 parts of enzyme, 10-20 parts of xanthan gum, 10-20 parts of modified starch, 10-20 parts of bentonite;
[0057] Optionally, the raw materials of the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials are measured by weight: the straw lunch boxes can be 20 parts, 25 parts, 30 parts or any value between 20 parts and 30 parts, the bamboo powder can be 40 parts, 50 parts, 60 parts or any value between 40 parts and 60 parts, the enzyme can be 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts or any value between 10 parts and 20 parts, the xanthan gum can be 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts or any value between 10 parts and 20 parts, the modified starch can be 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts or any value between 10 parts and 20 parts, and the bentonite can be 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts or any value between 10 parts and 20 parts;
[0058] The raw materials of the straw lunch box include straw;
[0059] The enzymes include ligninase and / or hemicellulase.
[0060] It should be noted that bentonite is a highly absorbent clay mineral that can absorb several to dozens of times its own weight in water; cellulose can absorb and retain water, which helps plant growth; combining bentonite with cellulose can improve the water retention capacity of the mixture.
[0061] Optionally, the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials meets at least one of the following conditions:
[0062] A. The raw materials also include 10-20 parts of urea;
[0063] Optionally, the urea may be 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts, or any value between 10 parts and 20 parts;
[0064] B. The modified starch is prepared by introducing starch monomers;
[0065] The monomers include one or more of acrylamide, 2-acrylamide and 2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.
[0066] It should be noted that modified starch can be used as a skeleton material to form a network structure with monomers such as acrylic acid to help maintain the shape. The three-dimensional network structure is generated by the polymerization of modified starch monomers.
[0067] The second aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials, comprising:
[0068] The straw lunch box and the bamboo powder are mixed and fermented to obtain a first material;
[0069] Refining the first material to obtain a second material;
[0070] The second material and the enzyme are mixed and solid-liquid separated to obtain a third material;
[0071] The third material, the xanthan gum, the modified starch and the bentonite are mixed and heated to obtain the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using the straw lunch box as a raw material.
[0072] Optionally, the method for preparing the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
[0073] A. The straw lunch box is crushed before use;
[0074] It should be noted that the straw lunch box should be crushed before use, which can facilitate rapid fermentation, increase the contact area of the cut surface, and make extrusion and grinding more efficient.
[0075] B. The straw lunch box is degreased before use.
[0076] It should be noted that the straw lunch box and ethanol are mixed to achieve the purpose of oil removal.
[0077] Optionally, the method for preparing the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
[0078] A. adding urea during the fermentation;
[0079] It should be noted that urea increases the rate of fermentation and decay.
[0080] B. The fermentation time is 5-6 days, and the temperature is 35°C-40°C.
[0081] Optionally, the fermentation time can be 5 days, 5.5 days, 6 days or any value between 5 days and 6 days, and the temperature can be 35°C, 36°C, 37°C, 38°C, 39°C, 40°C or any value between 35°C and 40°C.
[0082] Optionally, the method for preparing the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
[0083] A. The beating degree of the second material is 25°SR-28°SR;
[0084] Optionally, the beating degree of the second material may be 25°SR, 26°SR, 27°SR, 28°SR or any value between 25°SR and 28°SR;
[0085] B. After the refining is completed, washing is performed to obtain the second material.
[0086] It should be noted that sodium carbonate can be added for alkaline washing during washing. First, it is to better extract cellulose. In an alkaline environment, it is more helpful to destroy lignin and hemicellulose in the plant cell walls. Secondly, hemicellulose is more easily hydrolyzed in an alkaline environment. Thirdly, the wastewater of sodium carbonate is easier to handle.
[0087] Optionally, the method for preparing the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
[0088] A. The heating temperature is 70-75°C and the heating time is 1.5-2.0h;
[0089] Optionally, the heating temperature may be 70°C, 71°C, 72°C, 73°C, 74°C, 75°C or any value between 70°C and 75°C, and the heating time may be 1.5h, 1.6h, 1.7h, 1.8h, 1.9h, 2h or any value between 1.5 and 2.0h;
[0090] It should be noted that when the heating temperature is 70℃-75℃ and the time is 1.5-2.0h, the chemical reaction between starch and modifier can be better promoted, thereby improving the modification efficiency and the performance of modified starch. Gelatinization is the process of expansion and dissolution of starch particles under the conditions of heating and water. The gelatinized starch has better water absorption and viscosity. Heating bentonite can cause changes in its crystal structure, such as the conversion of calcium-based bentonite to sodium-based bentonite. This structural change can improve the expansion and adsorption of bentonite.
[0091] B. the heating comprises water bath heating;
[0092] C. After the heating is completed, the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using the straw lunch box as raw material is obtained by drying and crushing.
[0093] The third aspect of the present application provides a water-retaining sand-fixing block, the raw materials of which, measured by weight, include:
[0094] The water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials or the preparation method of the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials comprises 10-15 parts of the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials, 10-15 parts of clay, 10-15 parts of fermented straw, and 10-15 parts of water.
[0095] Optionally, the raw materials of the water-retaining and sand-fixing blocks are measured in parts by weight. The water-retaining and sand-fixing agent can be 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts or any value between 10 and 15 parts, the clay can be 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts or any value between 10 and 15 parts, the fermented straw can be 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts or any value between 10 and 15 parts, and the water can be 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts or any value between 10 and 15 parts.
[0096] It should be noted that after the water-retaining and sand-fixing blocks are made, the seeds are placed into the blocks;
[0097] Optionally, the water-retaining and sand-fixing block meets at least one of the following conditions:
[0098] A. The clay comprises clay slurry;
[0099] B. The fermented straw includes the first material.
[0100] It should be noted that the fermented straw can be directly used as the first material. When the original lunch box is prepared, its straw structure has been slightly damaged. After fermentation, its original structure is more fragile.
[0101] The fourth aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing the water-retaining and sand-fixing block, comprising:
[0102] The water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using the straw lunch box as a raw material, the clay, the fermented straw, and the water are mixed, and the blocks are pressed and dried in sequence to obtain the water-retaining and sand-fixing blocks.
[0103] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific examples, but it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present application and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present application. If specific conditions are not specified in the examples, they are carried out according to normal conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer is not specified for the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.
[0104] Example 1
[0105] In a first aspect, the present embodiment provides a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials, wherein the raw materials, measured by weight, include:
[0106] 20 parts of straw lunch boxes, 20 parts of bamboo powder, 10 parts of ligninase, 10 parts of xanthan gum, 10 parts of modified starch, 10 parts of bentonite, and 10 parts of urea.
[0107] The second aspect of this embodiment provides a method for preparing a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials, comprising:
[0108] S1: Put the recovered straw lunch boxes into a stirring container, add clean water and a certain amount of ethanol, and shake them for about 15 to 30 minutes to remove the oil stains on the straw lunch boxes. Take out the deoiled straw lunch boxes, replace them with clean water and rinse them repeatedly for 5 minutes to wash away the solution attached to the surface of the straw lunch boxes;
[0109] S2: Crush the dried straw lunch boxes into thin strips or velvets about 1 cm wide;
[0110] S3: The crushed straw lunch box, bamboo powder and urea are fully mixed and placed in a reaction tank container for fermentation and decomposition reaction. The fermentation time is 120 hours and the temperature is 35°C;
[0111] S4: putting the fermented material into an extrusion refiner for refining to obtain a material with a beating degree of 25° SR;
[0112] S5: washing and removing impurities from the pulped mixture, adding ligninase and hemicellulase, and separating the cellulose pulp by centrifugation;
[0113] S6: The separated cellulose slurry, xanthan gum, modified starch and bentonite are mixed, heated in a water bath at 70° C. for 1.5 h, dried and crushed to obtain a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using the straw lunch box as raw material.
[0114] A third aspect of the present embodiment provides a water-retaining sand-fixing block, the raw materials of which, measured by weight, include:
[0115] The water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using the straw lunch box as raw material comprises 10 parts, 10 parts of clay, 10 parts of fermented straw and 10 parts of water.
[0116] A fourth aspect of the present embodiment provides a method for preparing a water-retaining and sand-fixing block, comprising: mixing the raw materials of the water-retaining and sand-fixing blocks, and sequentially briquetting and drying to obtain the water-retaining and sand-fixing blocks.
[0117] The water-retaining and sand-fixing agent prepared in this embodiment using straw lunch boxes as raw materials is as follows: Figure 1 shown.
[0118] The water-retaining and sand-fixing blocks prepared in this embodiment are as follows: Figure 2 shown.
[0119] Example 2
[0120] In a first aspect, the present embodiment provides a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials, wherein the raw materials, measured by weight, include:
[0121] 25 parts of straw lunch box, 50 parts of bamboo powder, 15 parts of ligninase, 15 parts of xanthan gum, 15 parts of modified starch, 15 parts of bentonite, and 15 parts of urea.
[0122] The second aspect of this embodiment provides a method for preparing a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials, comprising:
[0123] S1: The straw lunch box and bamboo powder are fully mixed and placed in a reaction tank container for fermentation and decomposition reaction. The fermentation time is 15 days at a temperature of 35°C;
[0124] S2: putting the fermented material into an extrusion refiner for refining to obtain a material with a beating degree of 25° SR;
[0125] S3: washing and removing impurities from the pulped mixture, adding ligninase and hemicellulase, and separating the cellulose pulp by centrifugation;
[0126] S4: The separated cellulose slurry, xanthan gum, modified starch and bentonite are mixed, heated in a water bath at 70°C for 1.5 hours, dried and crushed to obtain a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using the straw lunch box as raw material.
[0127] A third aspect of the present embodiment provides a water-retaining sand-fixing block, the raw materials of which, measured by weight, include:
[0128] The water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using the straw lunch box as raw material comprises 10 parts, 10 parts of clay, 10 parts of fermented straw and 10 parts of water.
[0129] A fourth aspect of the present embodiment provides a method for preparing a water-retaining and sand-fixing block, comprising: mixing the raw materials of the water-retaining and sand-fixing blocks, and sequentially briquetting and drying to obtain the water-retaining and sand-fixing blocks.
[0130] Example 3
[0131] In a first aspect, the present embodiment provides a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials, wherein the raw materials, measured by weight, include:
[0132] 30 parts of straw lunch box, 60 parts of bamboo powder, 20 parts of ligninase, 20 parts of xanthan gum, 20 parts of modified starch, 20 parts of bentonite, and 20 parts of urea.
[0133] The second aspect of this embodiment provides a method for preparing a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials, comprising:
[0134] S1: Put the recovered straw lunch boxes into a stirring container, add clean water and a certain amount of ethanol, and shake them for about 15 to 30 minutes to remove the oil stains on the straw lunch boxes. Take out the deoiled straw lunch boxes, replace them with clean water and rinse them repeatedly for 5 minutes to wash away the solution attached to the surface of the straw lunch boxes;
[0135] S2: Crush the dried straw lunch boxes into thin strips or velvets about 1 cm wide;
[0136] S3: The crushed straw lunch box, bamboo powder and urea are fully mixed and placed in a reaction tank container for fermentation and decomposition reaction. The fermentation time is 130 hours and the temperature is 40°C;
[0137] S4: putting the fermented material into an extrusion refiner for refining to obtain a material with a beating degree of 28° SR;
[0138] S5: washing and removing impurities from the pulped mixture, adding ligninase and hemicellulase, and separating the cellulose pulp by centrifugation;
[0139] S6: The separated cellulose slurry, xanthan gum, modified starch and bentonite are mixed, heated in a water bath at 60° C. for 1.5 h, dried and crushed to obtain a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using the straw lunch box as raw material.
[0140] A third aspect of the present embodiment provides a water-retaining sand-fixing block, the raw materials of which, measured by weight, include:
[0141] The water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using the straw lunch box as raw material comprises 15 parts, clay 15 parts, fermented straw 15 parts, and water 15 parts.
[0142] A fourth aspect of the present embodiment provides a method for preparing a water-retaining and sand-fixing block, comprising: mixing the raw materials of the water-retaining and sand-fixing blocks, and sequentially briquetting and drying to obtain the water-retaining and sand-fixing blocks.
[0143] Comparative Example 1
[0144] This comparative example provides a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent and a preparation method thereof, a water-retaining and sand-fixing block and a preparation method thereof, which are different from Example 1 in that the raw material of the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent in this comparative example does not include straw lunch boxes, and other conditions are consistent with Example 1.
[0145] Comparative Example 2
[0146] This comparative example provides a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent and a preparation method thereof, a water-retaining and sand-fixing block and a preparation method thereof, which are different from Example 1 in that the raw materials of the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent in this comparative example do not include bamboo powder, and other conditions are consistent with Example 1.
[0147] Comparative Example 3
[0148] This comparative example provides a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent and a preparation method thereof, a water-retaining and sand-fixing block and a preparation method thereof, which are different from Example 1 in that the raw materials of the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent in this comparative example do not include enzymes, and other conditions are consistent with Example 1.
[0149] Comparative Example 4
[0150] This comparative example provides a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent and a preparation method thereof, a water-retaining and sand-fixing block and a preparation method thereof, which are different from Example 1 in that the raw materials of the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent in this comparative example do not include xanthan gum, and other conditions are consistent with Example 1.
[0151] Comparative Example 5
[0152] This comparative example provides a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent and a preparation method thereof, a water-retaining and sand-fixing block and a preparation method thereof, which are different from Example 1 in that the raw materials of the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent in this comparative example do not include modified starch, and other conditions are consistent with Example 1.
[0153] Comparative Example 6
[0154] This comparative example provides a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent and a preparation method thereof, a water-retaining and sand-fixing block and a preparation method thereof, which are different from Example 1 in that the raw material of the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent in this comparative example does not include bentonite, and other conditions are consistent with Example 1.
[0155] Comparative Example 7
[0156] This comparative example provides a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent and a preparation method thereof, a water-retaining and sand-fixing block and a preparation method thereof, which are different from Example 1 in that the raw materials of the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent in this comparative example include, by weight:
[0157] 30 parts of straw lunch boxes, 70 parts of bamboo powder, 30 parts of ligninase, 25 parts of xanthan gum, 25 parts of modified starch, 25 parts of bentonite, and 25 parts of urea. Other conditions are consistent with those in Example 1.
[0158] Comparative Example 8
[0159] This comparative example provides a water-retaining and sand-fixing block and a preparation method thereof, which is different from Example 1 in that the raw materials of this comparative example do not include a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent made from straw lunch boxes, and other conditions are consistent with Example 1.
[0160] Comparative Example 9
[0161] This comparative example provides a water-retaining sand-fixing block and a preparation method thereof, which is different from Example 1 in that the raw materials of this comparative example do not include fermented straw, and other conditions are consistent with Example 1.
[0162] The water-retaining and sand-fixing agents or water-retaining and sand-fixing blocks prepared in the above Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-9 were subjected to a water-retaining test, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.
[0163] Water retention test: Select an environment with the same temperature, 35℃, to test the water retention. Put the sample of water-retaining sand-fixing block into a special mold, let it stand for a certain period of time, and then cover it with filter paper and pressurize it to simulate the water retention in the actual environment. The water retention rate can be calculated by measuring the mass difference before and after the filter paper absorbs water.
[0164] Table 1 Water retention test
[0165]
[0166]
[0167] It can be seen from the test results in Table 1 that the water retention rate tested in Example 1 is the highest and has the best water retention effect. In the absence of lunch boxes and bamboo powder, the water retention rate declines slightly, in the absence of modified starch and enzyme, there is a significant decline, and in the absence of xanthan gum, the slippage is obviously minimal, but the water retention rate is significantly improved after filling. In the absence of raw materials, the water retention rate drops significantly, so the raw materials are indispensable.
[0168] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
[0169] In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, although some embodiments herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not other features, the combination of features of different embodiments is meant to be within the scope of the present application and form different embodiments. For example, in the above claims, any one of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination. The information disclosed in this background technology section is intended only to deepen the understanding of the overall background technology of the present application and should not be regarded as an admission or in any form of implication that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. A water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials, characterized in that: The raw materials include, by weight: 20-30 portions of straw lunch box, 20-30 portions of bamboo powder, 10-20 portions of enzyme, 10-20 portions of xanthan gum, 10-20 portions of modified starch, and 10-20 portions of bentonite; The raw materials of the straw lunch box include straw; The enzymes include ligninase and / or hemicellulase.
2. The water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the following conditions is met: A. The raw materials also include 10 to 20 parts of urea; B. The modified starch is prepared by introducing starch monomers; The monomers include one or more of acrylamide, 2-acrylamide and 2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.
3. A method for preparing a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: include: The straw lunch box and the bamboo powder are mixed and fermented to obtain a first material; Refining the first material to obtain a second material; The second material and the enzyme are mixed and solid-liquid separated to obtain a third material; The third material, the xanthan gum, the modified starch and the bentonite are mixed and heated to obtain the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using the straw lunch box as a raw material.
4. The method for preparing a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least one of the following conditions is met: A. The straw lunch box is crushed before use; B. The straw lunch box is degreased before use.
5. The method for preparing a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least one of the following conditions is met: A. adding urea during the fermentation; B. The fermentation time is 5-6 days, and the temperature is 35°C-40°C.
6. The method for preparing a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least one of the following conditions is met: A. The beating degree of the second material is 25°SR-28°SR; B. After the refining is completed, washing is performed to obtain the second material.
7. The method for preparing a water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least one of the following conditions is met: A. The heating temperature is 70°C-75°C and the heating time is 1.5h-2.0h; B. the heating comprises water bath heating; C. After the heating is completed, the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using the straw lunch box as raw material is obtained by drying and crushing.
8. A water-retaining and sand-fixing block, characterized in that: The raw materials include, by weight: The water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or the preparation method of the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 7 comprises 10 to 15 parts of the water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using straw lunch boxes as raw materials, 10 to 15 parts of clay, 10 to 15 parts of fermented straw, and 10 to 15 parts of water.
9. The water-retaining and sand-fixing block according to claim 8, characterized in that: At least one of the following conditions is met: A. The clay comprises clay slurry; B. The fermented straw includes the first material.
10. A method for preparing the water-retaining and sand-fixing block according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: include: The water-retaining and sand-fixing agent using the straw lunch box as a raw material, the clay, the fermented straw, and the water are mixed, and the blocks are pressed and dried in sequence to obtain the water-retaining and sand-fixing blocks.