Hydrogenation system of hydrogen refueling station

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrogenation system of a hydrogen refueling station, the hydrogenation system comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank and a spraying tank, the liquid hydrogen storage tank comprises a cooling pipe, a shell and an inner tank arranged in the shell and used for storing liquid hydrogen, the inner tank comprises a storage tank liquid outlet, and the cooling pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the inner tank and used for cooling the inner tank. The spraying tank comprises a spraying liquid inlet, a spraying liquid outlet and a first spraying gas inlet, the spraying liquid inlet is communicated with a liquid outlet of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and used for introducing liquid hydrogen in the inner tank into the spraying tank, and the spraying liquid outlet is communicated with a cooling inlet of the cooling pipe and used for introducing liquid hydrogen in the spraying tank into the cooling pipe; the first spraying gas inlet is communicated with the cooling outlet of the cooling pipe and is used for introducing hydrogen gasified by liquid hydrogen in the cooling pipe into the spraying tank. Through the arrangement, the liquid hydrogen in the spraying tank can be introduced into the cooling pipe to cool the inner tank and reduce the net leakage heat of the inner tank, so that the evaporation capacity of the liquid hydrogen in the inner tank is reduced, and the risk of overpressure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of hydrogenation systems, and in particular, to a hydrogenation system of a hydrogenation station. Background Art

[0002] The mature liquid hydrogen refueling station technology at home and abroad usually reduces the temperature of gaseous hydrogen to -253℃ for liquefaction in the hydrogen production plant, and then transports the liquid hydrogen to the hydrogen refueling station by liquid hydrogen tank trucks, and stores it in liquid hydrogen storage tanks in the hydrogen refueling station through unloading facilities. The liquid hydrogen pump extracts the liquid hydrogen from the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and a part of it is directly delivered to users through the liquid hydrogen filling machine as liquid hydrogen, and the other part is converted into gaseous hydrogen and delivered to users through the gaseous hydrogen filling machine.

[0003] In the related technology, factors such as heat radiation, heat transmission of equipment pipelines, and heat leakage of insulation layers will cause liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank to gasify and produce hydrogen. The production of hydrogen will cause the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank to increase, resulting in the risk of overpressure. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a hydrogenation system for a hydrogenation station, which can continuously cool the liquid hydrogen stored in the liquid hydrogen storage tank to reduce the amount of liquid hydrogen gasified in the liquid hydrogen storage tank, thereby reducing the risk of overpressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present disclosure provides a hydrogenation system for a hydrogenation station, comprising: A liquid hydrogen storage tank, comprising a cooling pipe, an outer shell, and an inner tank arranged in the outer shell for storing liquid hydrogen, wherein the inner tank comprises a tank liquid outlet, and the cooling pipe is arranged around the outer wall of the inner tank for cooling the inner tank; The spray tank comprises a spray liquid inlet, a spray liquid outlet and a first spray air inlet, wherein the spray liquid inlet is connected with the storage tank liquid outlet for allowing the liquid hydrogen in the inner tank to pass into the spray tank, the spray liquid outlet is connected with the cooling inlet of the cooling pipe for allowing the liquid hydrogen in the spray tank to pass into the cooling pipe, and the first spray air inlet is connected with the cooling outlet of the cooling pipe for allowing the hydrogen gasified from the liquid hydrogen in the cooling pipe to pass into the spray tank.

[0006] Optionally, the liquid level of the liquid hydrogen in the spray tank is higher than that of the liquid hydrogen storage tank in the vertical direction.

[0007] Optionally, the spray tank further includes a second spray air inlet, and the inner tank further includes a storage tank air outlet, and the storage tank air outlet is connected to the second spray air inlet through a first flow path so that the hydrogen in the inner tank can pass into the spray tank, and the spray liquid inlet is located at a higher height than the first spray air inlet and the second spray air inlet in the vertical direction so that the liquid hydrogen in the spray tank can cool the hydrogen passing into the spray tank.

[0008] Optionally, the liquid hydrogen storage tank is provided with a first pressure sensor for detecting the pressure in the inner tank, and the first flow path is provided with a first control valve, which is communicatively connected to the first pressure sensor and is used to adjust the flow rate of hydrogen flowing through the first flow path according to the pressure value detected by the first pressure sensor.

[0009] Optionally, the hydrogenation system further includes an energy storage heat exchanger, a hydrogen storage bottle group, and a gas hydrogen filling machine, the energy storage heat exchanger includes a first heat exchange flow path and a second heat exchange flow path, the liquid outlet of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchange flow path through the second flow path, the outlet of the first heat exchange flow path is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen storage bottle group through a third flow path, so that the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank is converted into hydrogen through the energy storage heat exchanger and then introduced into the hydrogen storage bottle group, and the outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle group is connected to the gas hydrogen filling machine through a fourth flow path; and The spray tank also includes a spray outlet, one end of the second heat exchange flow path is connected to the spray outlet through a fifth flow path, and the other end is connected to the fourth flow path through a sixth flow path, so that the hydrogen in the spray tank passes through the energy storage heat exchanger and then enters the fourth flow path.

[0010] Optionally, a liquid hydrogen pump for driving the liquid hydrogen in the inner tank to the energy storage heat exchanger is provided on the second flow path, a seventh flow path is connected between the liquid hydrogen pump and the energy storage heat exchanger, and one end of the seventh flow path away from the second flow path is connected to the spray liquid inlet; Wherein, a flow control valve and a flow sensor are provided on the seventh flow path, and the flow sensor is located between the flow control valve and the connecting point between the seventh flow path and the second flow path. The flow sensor is communicatively connected with the flow control valve so that the flow control valve adjusts the flow of liquid hydrogen flowing through the seventh flow path according to the flow value monitored by the flow sensor.

[0011] Optionally, a first stop valve for controlling the on-off of the second flow path is provided on the second flow path, and the first stop valve is located at the connection point between the second flow path and the seventh flow path and between the energy storage heat exchanger.

[0012] Optionally, the inner tank further includes a storage tank inlet, the hydrogenation system further includes a refrigeration unit, the inlet of the refrigeration unit is connected to the sixth flow path, and the outlet of the refrigeration unit is connected to the storage tank inlet, for liquefying the hydrogen in the spray tank and then transporting it to the inner tank; The spray tank is provided with a second pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the spray tank, and the refrigeration unit is communicatively connected with the second pressure sensor for controlling the operating load of the refrigeration unit according to the pressure value detected by the second pressure sensor.

[0013] Optionally, the hydrogenation system also includes a mixer and a temperature control valve, the mixer is arranged on the fourth flow path, one of the two inlets of the mixer is connected to the outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle group, and the other is connected to the second heat exchange flow path through the sixth flow path, the outlet of the mixer is connected to the gas hydrogen filling machine, and the temperature control valve includes a control valve body and a temperature sensor connected to the control valve body, the control valve body is arranged on the sixth flow path, the temperature sensor is arranged on the fourth flow path and is located between the mixer and the gas hydrogen filling machine, and the control valve body is used to control the flow rate of the hydrogen in the sixth flow path according to the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor.

[0014] Optionally, the cooling outlet of the cooling pipe and the first spray air inlet are connected via an eighth flow path, and a gasification rate analyzer is provided on the eighth flow path for analyzing the gasification rate of liquid hydrogen in the cooling pipe; and / or The hydrogenation system further comprises a liquid hydrogen filling machine, and the liquid hydrogen filling machine is connected to the spray liquid outlet.

[0015] Through the above technical solution, the hydrogenation system includes a liquid hydrogen storage tank and a spray tank, wherein the liquid hydrogen storage tank includes a cooling pipe, an outer shell, and an inner tank for storing liquid hydrogen arranged in the outer shell, the inner tank includes a storage tank liquid outlet, and the cooling pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the inner tank for cooling the inner tank. The spray tank includes a spray liquid inlet, a spray liquid outlet, and a first spray air inlet, the spray liquid inlet is connected to the liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet, and is used to allow the liquid hydrogen in the inner tank to pass into the spray tank, the spray liquid outlet is connected to the cooling inlet of the cooling pipe, and is used to allow the liquid hydrogen in the spray tank to pass into the cooling pipe, and the first spray air inlet is connected to the cooling outlet of the cooling pipe, and is used to allow the hydrogen gasified from the liquid hydrogen in the cooling pipe to pass into the spray tank. Through the above arrangement, the liquid hydrogen in the spray tank can be passed into the cooling pipe to cool the inner tank, reduce the net heat leakage of the inner tank, and then reduce the evaporation of the liquid hydrogen in the inner tank, so as to reduce the risk of overpressure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present disclosure but do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1is a working principle diagram of a hydrogenation system provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 is a working principle diagram of a hydrogenation system provided in another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid hydrogen storage tank provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of a spray tank provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] Description of Reference Numerals 1-liquid hydrogen storage tank; 101-cooling pipe; 101a-cooling inlet; 101b-cooling outlet; 102-inner tank; 103-outer shell; 104-vacuum chamber; 105-tank liquid outlet; 106-tank gas outlet; 107-tank inlet; 2-spray tank; 201-spray liquid inlet; 202-distribution pipe; 203-first spray gas inlet; 204-second spray gas inlet; 205-spray liquid outlet; 206-spray gas outlet; 3-first pressure sensor; 4-first flow path; 5-first control valve; 6-eighth flow path; 7-gasification rate analyzer; 8-ninth flow path; 9-tenth flow path; 10-second flow path; 11-liquid hydrogen pump; 12-first stop valve; 13-seventh flow path; 14-flow control valve; 15-flow sensor; 16- Energy storage heat exchanger; 161-first heat exchange path; 162-second heat exchange path; 17-third path; 18-hydrogen storage bottle group; 181-hydrogen storage bottle; 19-fourth path; 20-mixer; 21-second stop valve; 22-gas hydrogen filling machine; 23-temperature control valve; 231-control valve body; 232-temperature sensor; 24-liquid hydrogen filling machine; 25-third stop valve; 26-sixth path; 27-fifth path; 28-refrigeration unit; 281-first heat exchanger; 2811-third heat exchange path; 2812-fourth heat exchange path; 282-compressor group; 2821-compressor body; 2822-motor; 283-condenser; 284-expansion valve; 29-eleventh path; 30-second pressure sensor; 31-liquid level meter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The specific implementation of the present disclosure is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described herein is only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure, and is not used to limit the present disclosure.

[0020] In the present disclosure, the vertical direction mentioned in the text refers to the vertical direction of the hydrogenation system under normal use. Unless otherwise specified, the directional words used, such as "inside" and "outside", refer to the inside and outside of the outline of the component or structure itself. "First" and "second" are used to distinguish one element from another and do not have order and importance.

[0021] The present disclosure provides a hydrogenation system for a hydrogenation station, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the hydrogenation system includes a liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 and a spray tank 2, wherein the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 includes a cooling pipe 101, an outer shell 103, and an inner tank 102 for storing liquid hydrogen arranged in the outer shell 103, the inner tank 102 includes a storage tank liquid outlet 105, and the cooling pipe 101 is arranged around the outer wall of the inner tank 102 for cooling the inner tank 102. The spray tank 2 includes a spray liquid inlet 201, a spray liquid outlet 205 and a first spray air inlet 203. The spray liquid inlet 201 is connected to the storage tank liquid outlet 105, and is used to allow the liquid hydrogen in the inner tank 102 to pass into the spray tank 2. The spray liquid outlet 205 is connected to the cooling inlet 101a of the cooling pipe 101, and is used to allow the liquid hydrogen in the spray tank 2 to pass into the cooling pipe 101. The first spray air inlet 203 is connected to the cooling outlet 101b of the cooling pipe 101, and is used to allow the hydrogen gasified from the liquid hydrogen in the cooling pipe 101 to pass into the spray tank 2.

[0022] In the above-mentioned embodiment, the liquid hydrogen in the inner tank 102 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 can be passed into the spray tank 2. The liquid hydrogen in the spray tank 2 can be passed into the cooling pipe 101 arranged around the outer wall of the inner tank 102 through the spray liquid outlet 205 to cool the inner tank 102, reduce the net heat leakage of the inner tank 102, improve the insulation effect, and further reduce the evaporation of the liquid hydrogen in the inner tank 102, so as to reduce the risk of overpressure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1. The liquid hydrogen in the cooling pipe 101 will gasify after absorbing heat, and the hydrogen formed after the liquid hydrogen is gasified can be passed into the spray tank 2.

[0023] Specifically, the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid hydrogen introduced into the cooling pipe 101 is much greater than the sensible heat of the liquid hydrogen, which can more effectively reduce the net heat leakage in the inner tank 102, thereby reducing the evaporation amount of the liquid hydrogen in the inner tank 102 in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 from the source and improving the insulation effect.

[0024] In some embodiments, a vacuum insulation cavity is formed between the outer shell 103 and the inner tank 102 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 , and an insulation layer may be provided in the vacuum insulation cavity to further improve the insulation effect of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 .

[0025] In some embodiments, at 50 m 3Taking the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 with water volume liquid hydrogen storage capacity as an example, the inner tank specification is a φ3m×7m vertical container. Combined with simulation calculations, without the use of cooling tube 101, the net heat leakage of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is 24.1W. When the cooling tube 101 is used and the cooling medium is liquid hydrogen, the net heat leakage of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is equal to the total heat leakage from the outside into the inner tank 102 through the insulation layer minus the latent heat absorbed by the phase change of liquid hydrogen into gaseous hydrogen. When the flow rate of liquid hydrogen into the cooling tube 101 in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is 30kg / h, 50kg / h, and 100kg / h, the net heat leakage is 7.4W, 6.2W, and 3.1W respectively, and the insulation effect is significantly improved.

[0026] In some embodiments, the liquid level of the liquid hydrogen in the spray tank 2 is higher than that of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 in the vertical direction, so that the liquid hydrogen in the spray tank 2 can be passed into the cooling pipe 101 by utilizing the height difference, and the liquid hydrogen in the cooling pipe 101 is vaporized to form hydrogen, and the hydrogen in the cooling pipe 101 is passed into the spray tank 2 by utilizing the thermal siphon effect. Without the aid of power equipment such as pumps, the liquid hydrogen in the spray tank 2 can be passed into the cooling pipe 101, and the hydrogen formed after the liquid hydrogen in the cooling pipe 101 is vaporized can be passed back into the spray tank 2 in a cycle, which saves costs.

[0027] Of course, in other possible implementations, the liquid hydrogen in the spray tank 2 may also be transported to the cooling pipe 101 by a pump, which is not limited here.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 4 As shown, the spray liquid outlet 205 can be arranged at the bottom of the spray tank 2 to facilitate the discharge of liquid hydrogen, and a liquid level meter 31 can be arranged on the spray tank 2 to monitor the liquid level of the liquid hydrogen in the spray tank 2. The spray liquid outlet 205 of the spray tank 2 can be connected to the cooling inlet 101a of the cooling pipe 101 through the ninth flow path 8, and the cooling outlet 101b of the cooling tank and the first spray air inlet 203 are connected through the eighth flow path 6. The eighth flow path 6 is provided with a gasification rate analyzer 7, which can be used to analyze the gasification rate of the liquid hydrogen in the cooling pipe 101.

[0029] In the above-mentioned embodiment, the gasification rate analyzer 7 can measure the gasification rate of the liquid hydrogen in the cooling tube 101, inversely calculate the density difference, and measure the driving force after the liquid hydrogen is gasified into hydrogen. Therefore, the gasification of the liquid hydrogen in the cooling tube 101 into hydrogen can be monitored at all times according to the gasification rate measured by the gasification rate analyzer 7. When a fault occurs in the cooling tube 101, it can be discovered in time, which is convenient for subsequent maintenance.

[0030] In addition, in some embodiments, the hydrogenation system further includes a liquid hydrogen filling machine 24, which can fill the vehicle with liquid hydrogen, and the liquid hydrogen filling machine 24 is connected to the spray liquid outlet 205, so that the liquid hydrogen in the spray tank 2 can be passed into the liquid hydrogen filling machine 24, so as to fill the vehicle with liquid hydrogen. Figure 1 As shown, the spray liquid outlet 205 is connected to the liquid hydrogen filling machine 24 through the tenth flow path 9, and the third stop valve 25 is provided on the tenth flow path 9 to control the on-off of the tenth flow path 9, so that the liquid hydrogen in the spray tank 2 can be selectively passed into the liquid hydrogen filling machine 24. Among them, the liquid level height in the spray tank 2 can be higher than the liquid hydrogen filling machine 24 in the vertical direction, so that the liquid hydrogen in the spray tank 2 can be passed into the liquid hydrogen filling machine 24 by utilizing the height difference. Of course, liquid hydrogen can also be passed into the liquid hydrogen filling machine 24 by other means. For example, the liquid hydrogen in the spray tank 2 can be passed into the liquid hydrogen filling machine 24 by a pump, which is not limited here.

[0031] As mentioned above, the spray liquid outlet 205 of the spray tank 2 is connected to both the cooling inlet 101a of the cooling pipe 101 and the liquid hydrogen filling machine 24, so that the spray tank 2 can respectively pass liquid hydrogen to the cooling pipe 101 and the liquid hydrogen filling machine 24 through the spray liquid outlet 205. A tee can be provided at the spray liquid outlet 205, so that the ninth flow path 8 for connecting to the cooling inlet 101a of the cooling pipe 101 and the tenth flow path 9 for connecting to the liquid hydrogen filling machine 24 are respectively connected to the two outlets of the tee.

[0032] In some embodiments, the spray tank 2 also includes a second spray air inlet 204, and the inner tank 102 also includes a storage tank air outlet 106. The storage tank air outlet 106 is connected to the second spray air inlet 204 through a first flow path 4 so that the hydrogen in the inner tank 102 can pass into the spray tank 2. The spray liquid inlet 201 is located at a higher height than the first spray air inlet 203 and the second spray air inlet 204 in the vertical direction so that the liquid hydrogen in the spray tank 2 can cool the hydrogen passing into the spray tank 2.

[0033] In the above-mentioned embodiment, the tank gas outlet 106 of the inner tank 102 is connected to the second spray gas inlet 204 of the spray tank 2 through the first flow path 4, so that the hydrogen generated by the gasification of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 can be passed into the spray tank 2 for temporary storage, so as to collect the hydrogen generated in the inner tank 102 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 and avoid the waste of hydrogen. In addition, the hydrogen generated in the inner tank 102 is passed into the spray tank 2 through the first flow path 4, which can also prevent the inner tank 102 from being over-pressurized due to the excessive generation of hydrogen in the inner tank 102, thereby preventing the danger of over-pressurization of the inner tank 102.

[0034] In addition, the height of the spray liquid inlet 201 is higher than the height of the first spray air inlet 203 and the second spray air inlet 204 in the vertical direction, so that the liquid hydrogen entering the spray tank 2 can directly contact and cool the hydrogen entering the spray tank 2, so as to fully utilize the cooling capacity of the liquid hydrogen.

[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 As shown, a random packing bed can be provided in the spray tank 2, the spray liquid inlet 201 is provided above the random packing bed, and the first spray air inlet 203 and the second spray air inlet 204 are both provided below the random packing bed, so that the liquid hydrogen and the hydrogen gas can be more fully contacted in the random packing bed, so as to further improve the heat exchange efficiency between the liquid hydrogen and the hydrogen gas. Of course, a structured packing bed can also be used instead of a random packing bed, which is not limited here.

[0036] In some embodiments, the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is provided with a first pressure sensor 3 for detecting the pressure in the inner tank 102. The first pressure sensor 3 can detect the pressure in the inner tank 102 at all times. The first control valve 5 is provided on the first flow path 4. The first control valve 5 can adjust the flow rate of hydrogen flowing through the first flow path 4. The first control valve 5 is connected to the first pressure sensor 3 in communication, and is used to adjust the flow rate of hydrogen flowing through the first flow path 4 according to the pressure value detected by the first pressure sensor 3, so as to adjust the pressure in the inner tank 102.

[0037] It should be understood that the above-mentioned first control valve 5 may include a controller and a valve body, and the controller can be used to exchange information with the first pressure sensor 3 and control the valve body according to the first pressure sensor 3 to adjust the flow rate of hydrogen flowing through the first flow path 4.

[0038] In other embodiments, an external controller (such as a PLC controller) may also be provided, and the first pressure sensor 3 and the first control valve 5 are respectively communicated with the external controller. The external controller can control the first control valve 5 according to the pressure value in the inner tank 102 detected by the first pressure sensor 3, which will not be repeated here.

[0039] In some embodiments, the hydrogen refueling system also includes a storage heat exchanger 16, a hydrogen storage bottle group 18 and a gas hydrogen filling machine 22. The storage heat exchanger 16 includes a first heat exchange flow path 161 and a second heat exchange flow path 162. The liquid outlet of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchange flow path 161 through the second flow path 10, and the outlet of the first heat exchange flow path 161 is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen storage bottle group 18 through the third flow path 17, so that the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is converted into hydrogen through the storage heat exchanger 16 and then passed into the hydrogen storage bottle group 18. The outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle group 18 is connected to the gas hydrogen filling machine 22 through the fourth flow path 19.

[0040] In the above-mentioned embodiment, the energy storage heat exchanger 16 is a heat exchanger that can exchange heat on the one hand and can temporarily store heat or cold using an energy storage medium on the other hand. The energy storage heat exchanger 16 can be a heat pipe heat exchanger, a cold storage device, etc. Liquid hydrogen is exchanged in the first heat exchange flow path 161 in the energy storage heat exchanger 16 to form hydrogen, and then the cold energy of the gasified liquid hydrogen is temporarily stored in the energy storage heat exchanger 16, and the hydrogen is passed into the hydrogen storage bottle group 18 through the third flow path 17 for storage. Among them, the hydrogen storage bottle group 18 may include a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles 181, all of which can be used to store hydrogen. The number of hydrogen storage bottles 181 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited here. The outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle 181 is connected to the gas hydrogen filling machine 22 through the fourth flow path 19, which can be used to provide hydrogen to the gas hydrogen filling machine 22, so that the gas hydrogen filling machine 22 can fill the vehicle with hydrogen.

[0041] In addition, the spray tank 2 also includes a spray outlet 206, one end of the second heat exchange flow path 162 is connected to the spray outlet 206 through the fifth flow path 27, and the other end is connected to the fourth flow path 19 through the sixth flow path 26, so that the hydrogen in the spray tank 2 passes through the energy storage heat exchanger 16 and then enters the fourth flow path 19.

[0042] In the above-mentioned embodiment, the hydrogen in the spray tank 2 is first cooled in the spray tank 2 by direct contact with liquid hydrogen, and then passed into the second heat exchange flow path 162 of the energy storage heat exchanger 16, and can exchange heat in the energy storage heat exchanger 16, absorb the cold released by the gasification of liquid hydrogen in the first heat exchange flow path 161, and complete the second cooling. After that, the hydrogen that has been cooled twice can be passed into the fourth flow path 19 through the sixth flow path 26, and is used to cool the hydrogen passed into the gas hydrogen filling machine 22 through the fourth flow path 19, so that the hydrogen used to fill the vehicle in the gas hydrogen filling machine 22 is at a suitable temperature. The heat released by the gasification of liquid hydrogen is used for cooling the hydrogen passed into the gas hydrogen filling machine 22 through the energy storage heat exchanger 16, so that the cold released by the gasification of liquid hydrogen is more fully utilized, avoiding the waste of the cold released by the gasification of liquid hydrogen, and improving the utilization rate of the energy released by the gasification of liquid hydrogen.

[0043] It should be noted that the liquid hydrogen introduced into the first heat exchange flow path 161 of the energy storage heat exchanger 16 and the hydrogen introduced into the second heat exchange flow path 162 of the energy storage heat exchanger 16 can be heat exchanged through the energy storage heat exchanger 16, so that the two can mutually utilize the energy released by each other. In addition, it should be understood that the process of the spray tank 2 introducing hydrogen into the second heat exchange flow path 162 of the energy storage heat exchanger 16 and the process of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 introducing liquid hydrogen into the energy storage heat exchanger 16 can be carried out simultaneously or asynchronously, and can be adjusted according to actual applications, and no limitation is made here.

[0044] In addition, the hydrogen gas formed by gasification of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 can be recycled through the spray tank 2 and the energy storage heat exchanger 16, and the hydrogen gas introduced into the gas hydrogen filling machine 22 can be cooled by the hydrogen gas formed by gasification of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, and the energy storage heat exchanger 16 can also gasify the liquid hydrogen. The use of equipment such as gasifiers, hydrogen precoolers, liquid nitrogen coolers, and liquid carbon dioxide coolers is reduced, and the investment cost is saved overall.

[0045] In some embodiments, the hydrogenation system also includes a mixer 20 and a temperature control valve 23. The mixer 20 is arranged in the fourth flow path 19. One of the two inlets of the mixer 20 is connected to the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle group 18, and the other is connected to the second heat exchange flow path 162 through the sixth flow path 26. The outlet of the mixer 20 is connected to the gas hydrogen filling machine 22. Through the setting of the mixer 20, the hydrogen passed from the hydrogen storage bottle group 18 to the gas hydrogen filling machine 22 and the hydrogen cooled by the spray tank 2 and the energy storage heat exchanger 16 can be fully mixed, so that the temperature of the hydrogen passed into the gas hydrogen filling machine 22 is more uniform.

[0046] In addition, the temperature control valve 23 includes a control valve body 231 and a temperature sensor 232 connected to the control valve body 231. The control valve body 231 is arranged on the sixth flow path 26, and the temperature sensor 232 is arranged on the fourth flow path 19 and is located between the mixer 20 and the gas hydrogen filling machine 22. The control valve body 231 is used to control the flow rate of hydrogen in the sixth flow path 26 according to the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 232, so as to control the amount of hydrogen introduced into the fourth flow path 19 through the sixth flow path 26, and then automatically adjust the temperature of the hydrogen introduced into the gas hydrogen filling machine 22.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, a second stop valve 21 may be provided on the fourth flow path 19 , and the second stop valve 21 may be provided between the mixer 20 and the gas hydrogen filling machine 22 , for controlling the on-off of the fourth flow path 19 .

[0048] In some embodiments, the inner tank 102 further includes a storage tank inlet 107, and the hydrogenation system further includes a refrigeration unit 28, the inlet of the refrigeration unit 28 is connected to the sixth flow path 26, and the outlet of the refrigeration unit 28 is connected to the storage tank inlet 107, which is used to liquefy the hydrogen in the spray tank 2 and then transport it to the inner tank 102; As mentioned above, the spray tank 2 is connected to the fourth flow path 19 through the sixth flow path 26, and the spray pipe is also connected to the refrigeration unit through the sixth flow path 26, that is, the spray tank 2 is connected to both the refrigeration unit 28 and the fourth flow path 19 through the sixth flow path 26. In other words, the hydrogen in the spray tank 2 can be cooled by the energy storage heat exchanger 16 and then passed into the refrigeration unit 28 to be liquefied into liquid hydrogen, and then the liquid hydrogen is transported back to the inner tank 102 for storage, and can also be passed into the fourth flow path 19 to cool the hydrogen passed into the gas hydrogen filling machine 22.

[0049] Among them, a second pressure sensor 30 for detecting the pressure of the spray tank 2 may be provided on the spray tank 2. The second pressure sensor 30 is communicatively connected to the refrigeration unit 28. The refrigeration unit 28 is used to control its own operating load according to the pressure value detected by the second pressure sensor 30, and then control the amount of hydrogen liquefied into liquid hydrogen by the refrigeration unit 28, so as to indirectly adjust the air pressure in the spray tank 2, so that the air pressure in the spray tank 2 is within an appropriate range, avoiding the air pressure in the spray tank 2 being too high or too low to affect the operation of the spray tank 2.

[0050] It should be understood that the refrigeration unit 28 is a conventional device capable of liquefying the introduced hydrogen gas into liquid hydrogen.

[0051] In some specific embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the refrigeration unit 28 may include a first heat exchanger 281, a compressor unit 282, a condenser 283, and an expansion valve 284. The compressor unit 282 includes a compressor body 2821 and a motor 2822 driving the compressor body 2821. The first heat exchanger 281 includes a third heat exchange flow path 2811 and a fourth heat exchange flow path 2812. The inlet of the third heat exchange flow path 2811 is connected to the sixth flow path 26, and the outlet of the third heat exchange flow path 2811 is connected to the inner tank 102 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 through the eleventh flow path 29. The inlet of the fourth heat exchange flow path 2812 is connected to the expansion valve 284, the outlet of the fourth heat exchange flow path 2812 is connected to the inlet of the compressor body 2821, the outlet of the compressor body 2821 is connected to the inlet of the condenser 283, and the outlet of the condenser 283 is connected to the expansion valve 284. The refrigerant circulates in the compressor unit 282, the condenser 283, the expansion valve 284 and the first heat exchanger 281, and is used to cool and liquefy the hydrogen passing through the first heat exchanger 281 through the first heat exchanger 281. The refrigerant is compressed in the compressor unit 282, then condensed through the condenser 283, then expanded through the expansion valve 284, and then evaporated and absorbed heat in the first heat exchanger 281, and is used to cool the hydrogen in the third heat exchange flow path 2811 passing through the first heat exchanger 281, so that the hydrogen passing through the third heat exchange flow path 2811 is liquefied.

[0052] It should be noted that, in the above embodiment, the inlet of the refrigerating unit 28 may be the inlet of the third heat exchange flow path 2811 in the first heat exchanger 281, and the outlet of the refrigerating unit 28 may be the outlet of the third heat exchange flow path 2811 in the first heat exchanger 281. The second pressure sensor 30 may be connected to the compressor unit 282 in communication, so as to control the operating load (power) of the motor 2822 according to the value of the pressure in the spray tank 2 detected by the second pressure sensor 30, and then control the operating power of the compressor unit 282 according to the value of the pressure in the spray tank 2 detected by the second pressure sensor 30. By adjusting the operating power of the compressor unit 282, the refrigeration efficiency of the refrigerating unit 28 can be adjusted, and then the efficiency of liquefying hydrogen into liquid hydrogen can be adjusted, so as to indirectly adjust the gas pressure in the spray tank 2. For example, when the second pressure sensor 30 detects that the gas pressure in the spray tank 2 exceeds a preset threshold and needs to be reduced, the power of the compressor unit 282 can be reduced, the refrigeration efficiency of the refrigeration unit 28 can be reduced, and the amount of hydrogen liquefaction can be reduced, so that the amount of liquid hydrogen in the third heat exchange flow path 2811 and the flow path connected to the third heat exchange flow path 2811 is reduced, and the pressure of the hydrogen in the third heat exchange flow path 2811 and the flow path connected to the third heat exchange flow path 2811 is smaller, so as to reduce the gas pressure in the spray tank 2. When the second pressure sensor 30 detects that the gas pressure in the spray tank 2 is lower than a preset threshold and needs to be pressurized, the power of the compressor unit 282 can be increased, the refrigeration efficiency of the refrigeration unit 28 can be improved, and the amount of hydrogen liquefaction can be increased, so that the amount of liquid hydrogen in the third heat exchange flow path 2811 and the flow path connected to the third heat exchange flow path 2811 increases, the space for hydrogen is compressed, and the pressure of the hydrogen is increased by the liquid hydrogen in the third heat exchange flow path 2811 and the flow path connected to the third heat exchange flow path 2811, so as to increase the gas pressure in the spray tank 2.

[0053] It should be understood that the amount of gas entering the fourth flow path 19 through the temperature control valve 23 of the sixth flow path 26 is relatively small, and therefore the gas pressure in the spray tank 2 can be adjusted by the refrigeration unit 28 connected to the sixth flow path.

[0054] In some embodiments, a liquid hydrogen pump 11 is provided on the second flow path 10 for driving the liquid hydrogen in the inner tank 102 to the energy storage heat exchanger 16, and a seventh flow path 13 is connected between the liquid hydrogen pump 11 and the energy storage heat exchanger 16. The end of the seventh flow path 13 away from the second flow path 10 is connected to the spray liquid inlet 201, so that the liquid hydrogen pump 11 can pass the liquid hydrogen stored in the inner tank 102 into the energy storage heat exchanger 16 and the spray tank 2 respectively.

[0055] The seventh flow path 13 is provided with a flow control valve 14 and a flow sensor 15, the flow sensor 15 is located between the flow control valve 14 and the connection point between the seventh flow path 13 and the second flow path 10, and the flow sensor 15 is connected to the flow control valve 14 in communication, so that the flow control valve 14 adjusts the flow of liquid hydrogen flowing through the seventh flow path 13 according to the flow value measured by the flow sensor 15. By setting the flow control valve 14 and the flow sensor 15, the flow of liquid hydrogen entering the spray tank 2 through the seventh flow path 13 can be automatically controlled.

[0056] In the above-mentioned embodiment, the flow control valve 14 may include a controller and a valve body. The controller can be used to exchange information with the flow sensor 15, and control the valve body according to the flow value of the liquid hydrogen in the seventh flow path 13 detected by the flow sensor 15 to control the opening and closing of the seventh flow path 13.

[0057] In other embodiments, an external controller (such as a PLC controller) may also be provided, and the flow sensor 15 and the flow control valve 14 are respectively communicated with the external controller, and the external controller may control the flow control valve 14 according to the flow value of the liquid hydrogen in the seventh flow path 13 detected by the flow sensor 15, which will not be described in detail here.

[0058] In addition, a first stop valve 12 for controlling the on-off of the second flow path 10 is provided on the second flow path 10. The first stop valve 12 is located between the connecting point of the second flow path 10 and the seventh flow path 13 and the energy storage heat exchanger 16, so as to control the on-off of the flow section between the connecting point of the second flow path 10 and the seventh flow path 13 to the energy storage heat exchanger 16 on the second flow path 10, and to control whether liquid hydrogen passes into the energy storage heat exchanger 16 through the second flow path 10, which will not be repeated here.

[0059] The following is combined with Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 4The working process of the hydrogenation system is briefly described. When the inner tank 102 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is cooled by liquid hydrogen, the liquid hydrogen pump 11 is operated to extract the liquid hydrogen stored in the inner tank 102, and then pass it into the spray tank 2 through the second flow path 10 and the seventh flow path 13. The liquid hydrogen in the spray tank 2 can be passed into the cooling pipe 101 through the ninth flow path 8 to cool the inner tank 102 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, enhance the insulation effect of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, and reduce the evaporation of liquid hydrogen in the inner tank 102. The vaporized hydrogen in the cooling pipe 101 can be passed into the spray tank 2 through the eighth flow path 6 by using the thermal siphon effect. The liquid hydrogen in the spray tank 2 is passed into the cooling pipe 101 through the ninth flow path 8, and the vaporized hydrogen in the cooling pipe 101 is passed into the spray tank 2 through the eighth flow path 6 by using the thermal siphon effect to form a cycle. The flow control valve 14 disposed on the seventh flow path 13 can control the flow of liquid hydrogen passing through the seventh flow path 13 according to the flow of liquid hydrogen in the seventh flow path 13 detected by the flow sensor 15 .

[0060] When the vehicle needs to be filled with liquid hydrogen through the liquid hydrogen filling machine 24, the liquid hydrogen in the spray tank 2 can be passed into the liquid hydrogen filling machine 24 through the tenth flow path 9. At this time, the third stop valve 25 arranged on the tenth flow path 9 is in an open state.

[0061] In addition, the process of gasifying the liquid hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage bottle group 18 and filling the vehicle with hydrogen through the hydrogen filling machine 22 is as follows: The liquid hydrogen pump 11 extracts the liquid hydrogen in the inner tank 102, and then passes it into the first heat exchange flow path 161 of the energy storage heat exchanger 16 through the second flow path 10. The liquid hydrogen is gasified into hydrogen after passing through the energy storage heat exchanger 16 and passed into the hydrogen storage bottle group 18 for storage. At this time, the first stop valve 12 on the second flow path 10 is in an open state. When it is necessary to fill the vehicle with hydrogen from the gas hydrogen filling machine 22, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle group 18 passes through the mixer 20 and the second stop valve 21 on the fourth flow path 19 and enters the gas hydrogen filling machine 22.

[0062] When the temperature sensor 232 detects that the hydrogen entering the gas hydrogen filling machine 22 needs to be temperature adjusted, the control valve body 231 of the temperature control valve 23 opens, and the hydrogen in the spray tank 2 is passed into the mixer 20 through the fifth flow path 27, the second heat exchange flow path 162 of the energy storage heat exchanger 16, and the sixth flow path 26 to cool the hydrogen entering the gas hydrogen filling machine 22.

[0063] The refrigerating unit connected to the sixth flow path 26 can liquefy the hydrogen gas discharged from the spray tank 2 into liquid hydrogen. The outlet of the refrigerating unit 28 is connected to the storage tank inlet 107 of the inner tank 102 through the eleventh flow path 29, so that the liquid hydrogen liquefied by the refrigerating unit can be passed into the inner tank 102 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 through the eleventh flow path 29. The refrigerating unit 28 can adjust the operating load of the motor 2822 of the compressor unit 282 according to the value of the air pressure in the spray tank 2 detected by the second pressure sensor 30, so as to indirectly adjust the air pressure in the spray tank 2.

[0064] In addition, the tank outlet 106 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is connected to the second spray air inlet 204 through the first flow path 4. A first control valve 5 is provided on the first flow path 4. The first control valve 5 can adjust its own opening according to the value of the pressure in the inner tank 102 detected by the first pressure sensor 3 provided on the inner tank 102, so as to adjust the flow rate of hydrogen flowing from the inner tank 102 to the spray tank 2 through the first flow path 4, and then adjust the pressure in the inner tank 102, so as to prevent the pressure in the inner tank 102 from being too high.

[0065] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present disclosure, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0066] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0067] In addition, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A hydrogenation system for a hydrogenation station, characterized in that: include: A liquid hydrogen storage tank, comprising a cooling pipe, an outer shell, and an inner tank arranged in the outer shell for storing liquid hydrogen, wherein the inner tank comprises a tank liquid outlet, and the cooling pipe is arranged around the outer wall of the inner tank for cooling the inner tank; The spray tank comprises a spray liquid inlet, a spray liquid outlet and a first spray air inlet, wherein the spray liquid inlet is connected with the liquid outlet of the storage tank so as to allow the liquid hydrogen in the inner tank to pass into the spray tank, the spray liquid outlet is connected with the cooling inlet of the cooling pipe so as to allow the liquid hydrogen in the spray tank to pass into the cooling pipe, and the first spray air inlet is connected with the cooling outlet of the cooling pipe so as to allow the hydrogen gasified from the liquid hydrogen in the cooling pipe to pass into the spray tank.

2. The hydrogenation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid level of the liquid hydrogen in the spray tank is higher than that of the liquid hydrogen storage tank in the vertical direction.

3. The hydrogenation system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The spray tank also includes a second spray air inlet, and the inner tank also includes a storage tank air outlet. The storage tank air outlet is connected to the second spray air inlet through a first flow path so that the hydrogen in the inner tank can pass into the spray tank. The spray liquid inlet is located at a higher height than the first spray air inlet and the second spray air inlet in the vertical direction so that the liquid hydrogen in the spray tank can cool the hydrogen passing into the spray tank.

4. The hydrogenation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid hydrogen storage tank is provided with a first pressure sensor for detecting the pressure in the inner tank, and the first flow path is provided with a first control valve, which is communicatively connected with the first pressure sensor and is used to adjust the flow rate of hydrogen flowing through the first flow path according to the pressure value detected by the first pressure sensor.

5. The hydrogenation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydrogenation system further includes an energy storage heat exchanger, a hydrogen storage bottle group, and a gas hydrogen filling machine. The energy storage heat exchanger includes a first heat exchange flow path and a second heat exchange flow path. The liquid outlet of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchange flow path through the second flow path. The outlet of the first heat exchange flow path is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen storage bottle group through a third flow path, so that the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank is converted into hydrogen gas through the energy storage heat exchanger and then introduced into the hydrogen storage bottle group. The outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle group is connected to the gas hydrogen filling machine through a fourth flow path; and The spray tank also includes a spray outlet, one end of the second heat exchange flow path is connected to the spray outlet through a fifth flow path, and the other end is connected to the fourth flow path through a sixth flow path, so that the hydrogen in the spray tank passes through the energy storage heat exchanger and then enters the fourth flow path.

6. The hydrogenation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second flow path is provided with a liquid hydrogen pump for driving the liquid hydrogen in the inner tank to the energy storage heat exchanger, a seventh flow path is connected between the liquid hydrogen pump and the energy storage heat exchanger, and one end of the seventh flow path away from the second flow path is connected to the spray liquid inlet; Wherein, a flow control valve and a flow sensor are provided on the seventh flow path, and the flow sensor is located between the flow control valve and the connecting point between the seventh flow path and the second flow path. The flow sensor is communicatively connected with the flow control valve so that the flow control valve adjusts the flow of liquid hydrogen flowing through the seventh flow path according to the flow value monitored by the flow sensor.

7. The hydrogenation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second flow path is provided with a first stop valve for controlling the on-off of the second flow path, and the first stop valve is located between the connecting point of the second flow path and the seventh flow path and the energy storage heat exchanger.

8. The hydrogenation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner tank further includes a storage tank inlet, and the hydrogenation system further includes a refrigeration unit, the inlet of the refrigeration unit is connected to the sixth flow path, and the outlet of the refrigeration unit is connected to the storage tank inlet, for liquefying the hydrogen in the spray tank and then transporting it to the inner tank; The spray tank is provided with a second pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the spray tank, and the refrigeration unit is communicatively connected with the second pressure sensor for controlling the operating load of the refrigeration unit according to the pressure value detected by the second pressure sensor.

9. The hydrogenation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hydrogenation system also includes a mixer and a temperature control valve. The mixer is arranged on the fourth flow path. One of the two inlets of the mixer is connected to the outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle group, and the other is connected to the second heat exchange flow path through the sixth flow path. The outlet of the mixer is connected to the gas hydrogen filling machine. The temperature control valve includes a control valve body and a temperature sensor connected to the control valve body. The control valve body is arranged on the sixth flow path. The temperature sensor is arranged on the fourth flow path and is located between the mixer and the gas hydrogen filling machine. The control valve body is used to control the flow rate of the hydrogen in the sixth flow path according to the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor.

10. The hydrogenation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling outlet of the cooling pipe and the first spray air inlet are connected via an eighth flow path, and a gasification rate analyzer is provided on the eighth flow path for analyzing the gasification rate of liquid hydrogen in the cooling pipe; and / or The hydrogenation system further comprises a liquid hydrogen filling machine, and the liquid hydrogen filling machine is connected to the spray liquid outlet.

Images