Automobile power supply low-temperature starting protection method and device based on super capacitor

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile power supplies, and provides an automobile power supply low-temperature starting protection method and device based on a super capacitor, the method and device are applied to an automobile starting control system, the automobile starting control system comprises a control unit, a battery unit and a super capacitor unit, and the protection method comprises the following steps: sending a control signal through the control unit; performing signal processing on the control signal to obtain a first signal and a second signal; filtering the first signal to obtain a modulation signal; performing signal amplification on the second signal to obtain a comparison signal; and performing signal integration on the modulation signal and the comparison signal to generate an integrated signal, and controlling the control unit to perform real-time monitoring on energy conversion between the battery unit and the super capacitor unit according to the integrated signal. By processing the control signal, the occurrence of over-charge and under-charge is prevented, and the problem that in the energy conversion process between the super capacitor and the battery, the situation of over-charge or under-charge is likely to occur, and consequently power supply equipment is damaged is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of automobile power supplies, and in particular to a method and device for low-temperature startup protection of an automobile power supply based on a supercapacitor. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the automobile industry, the starting performance of vehicles in low-temperature environments has gradually become one of the important factors that consumers pay attention to. Low-temperature environments place higher demands on the power supply system of automobiles, especially in cold areas, where battery performance will significantly decline, thus affecting the starting of the engine. Therefore, finding effective low-temperature starting technology has become a major research hotspot in the industry, among which supercapacitors have gradually become a solution that has attracted much attention due to their fast charging and discharging characteristics and good temperature adaptability.

[0003] In related technical means, automotive power systems usually rely on lithium batteries or lead-acid batteries to provide starting current. However, the chemical reaction rate of these batteries slows down at low temperatures, and the internal impedance increases, resulting in insufficient output capacity. In order to improve low-temperature starting performance, some technical solutions have begun to use supercapacitors in combination with batteries. The fast response capability of supercapacitors makes up for the shortcomings of batteries in low-temperature environments, and can provide high pulse current in a short time, thereby improving the engine start success rate and reducing the start time.

[0004] Regarding the above technical solution, although effective low-temperature startup protection can be achieved by combining a supercapacitor with a battery, overcharging or undercharging is prone to occur during the energy conversion between the supercapacitor and the battery, which may cause damage to the power supply equipment. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the problem of overcharging or undercharging that easily occurs during energy conversion between supercapacitors and batteries, thereby causing damage to power supply equipment, the present application provides a supercapacitor-based automotive power supply low-temperature startup protection method and device.

[0006] The present invention provides a low-temperature starting protection method for an automobile power supply based on a supercapacitor, which is applied to an automobile starting control system. The automobile starting control system includes a control unit, a battery unit and a supercapacitor unit. The protection method includes: obtaining a temperature parameter of the current external environment, performing a threshold definition on the temperature parameter, and obtaining a definition result; if the definition result is lower than a preset threshold, controlling the supercapacitor unit through the control unit to provide a starting current for the automobile engine; when the automobile engine is started, sending a control signal through the control unit, performing signal processing on the control signal, and obtaining a first signal and a second signal; performing filtering processing on the first signal, and obtaining a filtered signal and a first amplified signal, and using the filtering The control signal is amplified to obtain an amplified control signal, the first amplified signal is modulated based on the amplified control signal to obtain a modulated signal, and the battery unit is controlled to supply power to the automotive electrical appliances according to the modulated signal; the second signal is amplified to obtain a second amplified signal, the second amplified signal is compared with the modulated signal, and a comparison signal is generated based on the comparison result, and the battery unit is controlled to charge the supercapacitor unit according to the comparison signal; the modulated signal and the comparison signal are integrated, and an integrated signal is generated based on the integration result, and the control unit is controlled according to the integrated signal to monitor the energy conversion between the battery unit and the supercapacitor unit in real time.

[0007] As a preferred scheme, the steps of obtaining the temperature parameters of the current external environment, performing threshold definition on the temperature parameters, and obtaining the definition results include: detecting the external environment of the automobile through a preset temperature sensor to obtain temperature parameters; performing nonlinear transformation on the temperature parameters using a multilayer perceptron neural network to obtain feature vectors and probability distributions, performing fuzzy logic comparison on the feature vectors and the upper limit of the preset threshold to obtain a first comparison result, performing Bayesian inference on the probability distribution and the lower limit of the preset threshold to obtain a second comparison result; and generating a definition result based on the first comparison result and the second comparison result.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the step of controlling the supercapacitor unit through the control unit to provide starting current for the engine of the automobile includes: based on the definition result, the control unit sends a pulse width modulation signal, and uses an adaptive gain control circuit to amplify and modulate the pulse width modulation signal to obtain a regulation signal and a reference signal; adjusts the amplitude of the regulation signal through a feedback gain controller to obtain a regulated signal, synchronizes the phase of the regulated signal with the reference signal to obtain a synchronization signal, and controls the current of the supercapacitor unit based on the synchronization signal to provide starting current for the engine of the automobile.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the step of performing signal processing on the control signal to obtain the first signal and the second signal includes: performing spectrum analysis on the control signal through Fourier transform to obtain spectrum data, generating a frequency domain signal based on the spectrum data, and decomposing the frequency domain signal using wavelet decomposition to obtain a low-frequency component; calculating the amplitude of the low-frequency component according to the power spectral density to obtain amplitude data and phase data, filtering and smoothing the amplitude data to obtain a smoothed signal, and inverse transforming the smoothed signal using the low-frequency component to generate the first signal; performing phase tracking on the first signal through a phase-locked loop circuit to obtain a phase signal and a frequency signal, generating a phase adjustment signal based on the phase signal, and performing weighted processing on the frequency signal using the phase adjustment signal to obtain the second signal.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the steps of filtering the first signal to obtain a filtered signal and a first amplified signal, amplifying the control signal using the filtered signal to obtain an amplified control signal, and modulating the first amplified signal based on the amplified control signal to obtain a modulated signal include: performing noise reduction processing on the first signal through a Kalman filter to obtain a base signal, a noise signal and a deviation signal, performing characteristic decomposition on the base signal using polynomial fitting to obtain an intrinsic mode function and a characteristic signal, performing a minimum mean square algorithm on the noise signal using the intrinsic mode function to obtain a filtered signal; dynamically and adaptively amplifying the filtered signal and the control signal through a fuzzy controller to obtain an amplified control signal; performing frequency vector transformation on the amplified control signal and the first amplified signal using phase modulation to obtain a vector signal and a phase signal, optimizing the vector signal through a phase compensator to obtain an optimized signal, and mutually coupling the optimized signal using the phase signal to obtain a modulated signal.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the steps of amplifying the second signal to obtain a second amplified signal, comparing the second amplified signal with the modulated signal, and generating a comparison signal based on the comparison result include: using a harmonic analyzer to separate and process the second signal to obtain a fundamental frequency signal, a harmonic signal, and a phase shift signal, applying principal component analysis to reduce the dimension of the fundamental frequency signal to obtain a principal component signal and a secondary component signal; using fast Fourier transform to perform frequency verification on the principal component signal to obtain a frequency signal, and applying the frequency signal to perform windowing processing on the harmonic signal to obtain a harmonic envelope, and The secondary component signal is trend evaluated to obtain a trend signal, and the trend signal is combined with the frequency signal to obtain a second amplified signal; the second amplified signal is collaboratively analyzed with the modulated signal to obtain a refined signal, a harmonic signal and a differential signal, the refined signal is cross-correlated to generate a relative signal and an absolute signal, the relative signal and the harmonic signal are compensated to obtain a compensated signal, and the absolute signal and the differential signal are integrated to obtain a redundant signal; the compensated signal and the redundant signal are logically transformed to obtain a comparison result, and a comparison signal is generated based on the comparison result.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the steps of integrating the modulation signal and the comparison signal, generating an integrated signal based on the integration result, and controlling the control unit to monitor the energy conversion between the battery unit and the supercapacitor unit in real time according to the integrated signal include: integrating the modulation signal and the comparison signal by an adaptive filtering algorithm to obtain an integration result; classifying the integration result by fuzzy clustering analysis to obtain a consistent signal, a difference signal and a domain signal, screening the consistent signal by a support vector machine model to obtain a screened signal and a backup signal; clustering and verifying the difference signal by using the screened signal to obtain a verification signal, and weighting the domain signal by using the backup signal to obtain a weighted signal; performing correlation analysis on the verification signal and the weighted signal by using a neural network to obtain a correlation signal; and performing state detection on the battery unit and the supercapacitor unit according to the correlation signal, performing dynamic power management and real-time feedback control to achieve real-time monitoring of energy conversion.

[0013] The present application also provides a low-temperature starting protection device for an automobile power supply based on a supercapacitor, which is applied to an automobile starting control system. The automobile starting control system includes a control unit, a battery unit and a supercapacitor unit. The device includes: an acquisition module, which is used to acquire the temperature parameters of the current external environment, perform threshold definition on the temperature parameters, and obtain a definition result; a starting module, which is used to control the supercapacitor unit to provide a starting current for the automobile engine through the control unit if the definition result is lower than a preset threshold; a processing module, which is used to send a control signal through the control unit after the automobile engine is started, and perform signal processing on the control signal to obtain a first signal and a second signal; a filtering module, which is used to filter the first signal to obtain a filtered signal and a first amplified signal. The control signal is amplified by using the filtered signal to obtain an amplified control signal, the first amplified signal is modulated based on the amplified control signal to obtain a modulated signal, and the battery unit is controlled to supply power to the automotive electrical appliances according to the modulated signal; an amplification module is used to amplify the second signal to obtain a second amplified signal, compare the second amplified signal with the modulated signal, and generate a comparison signal based on the comparison result, and control the battery unit to charge the supercapacitor unit according to the comparison signal; a monitoring module is used to integrate the modulated signal and the comparison signal, and generate an integrated signal based on the integration result, and control the control unit to monitor the energy conversion between the battery unit and the supercapacitor unit in real time according to the integrated signal.

[0014] The present application also provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be run on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the above-mentioned supercapacitor-based automobile power supply low-temperature startup protection method is implemented.

[0015] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the supercapacitor-based automobile power supply low-temperature startup protection method as described above.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: good protection and high safety. The supercapacitor unit provides the necessary starting current for the engine at low temperatures, solving the problem of insufficient output capacity of traditional battery units at low temperatures. The intelligent monitoring and signal processing of the control unit ensures the efficiency and safety of the energy conversion process. In particular, the careful processing and comparison of the signal prevents overcharging and undercharging, extending the service life of the power supply equipment. The use of integrated signals enables the control unit to monitor the state and flow of energy in real time, further enhancing the stability of the system and the accuracy of power management, providing a more optimized low-temperature starting solution for the vehicle power supply system, and improving the problem of overcharging or undercharging that is prone to occur during the energy conversion between the supercapacitor and the battery, which in turn causes damage to the power supply equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0018] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with this technology. They are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, and therefore have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment of size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for low-temperature startup protection of an automobile power supply based on a supercapacitor provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram of the structure of a supercapacitor-based automobile power supply low-temperature startup protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic block diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Description of reference numerals: 10. Automobile power supply low temperature starting protection device; 11. Acquisition module; 12. Start module; 13. Processing module; 14. Filter module; 15. Amplification module; 16. Monitoring module; 20. Electronic equipment; 21. Memory; 22. Processor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are only examples and do not necessarily include all the contents and operations / steps, nor must they be executed in the order described. For example, some operations / steps may also be decomposed, combined or partially merged, so the actual execution order may change according to actual conditions.

[0023] It should also be understood that the terms used in this application specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the application. As used in this application specification and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms.

[0024] It should be further understood that the term “and / or” used in the specification and appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0026] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides a supercapacitor-based low-temperature startup protection method for an automobile power supply, which is applied to an automobile startup control system. The automobile startup control system includes a control unit, a battery unit, and a supercapacitor unit. The protection method includes steps S100 to S600.

[0027] Step S100: obtaining temperature parameters of the current external environment, performing threshold definition on the temperature parameters, and obtaining a definition result.

[0028] In this step, the external environment temperature is detected in real time by a sensor, and the temperature is compared with a preset threshold value to determine whether the current environment meets the low temperature start condition. Specifically, the external temperature data is obtained by an ambient temperature sensor, and compared with the preset threshold value stored in the control unit to generate a definition result.

[0029] For example, if the detected ambient temperature is lower than -10°C, the defined result is considered to be lower than the preset threshold.

[0030] Step S200: If the defined result is lower than the preset threshold, the control unit controls the supercapacitor unit to provide starting current for the engine of the vehicle.

[0031] In this step, according to the definition result, the control unit activates the supercapacitor unit to quickly release the stored electrical energy, thereby providing the engine with the high pulse current required for starting. Specifically, the control unit turns on the discharge switch of the supercapacitor unit to transfer the energy in the supercapacitor to the starting circuit to achieve rapid starting.

[0032] For example, when the temperature is below the threshold, the supercapacitor discharges quickly to provide 300A starting current to support engine starting.

[0033] Step S300: After the engine of the automobile is started, a control signal is sent out through the control unit, and the control signal is processed to obtain a first signal and a second signal.

[0034] In this step, after the engine is started, the control unit generates and sends a control signal, which is divided into two paths for processing: one path generates a first signal for powering the vehicle electrical appliances, and the other path generates a second signal for charging the supercapacitor. Specifically, the control unit uses a signal distributor to divide the control signal sent into two paths and process them independently.

[0035] For example, the signal after the startup is completed is divided into two parts to meet different power management requirements.

[0036] Step S400, filtering the first signal to obtain a filtered signal and a first amplified signal, using the filtered signal to amplify the control signal to obtain an amplified control signal, modulating the first amplified signal based on the amplified control signal to obtain a modulated signal, and controlling the battery unit to supply power to the automotive electrical appliances according to the modulated signal.

[0037] In this step, the filter removes noise from the first signal and amplifies it to ensure that stable voltage and current are provided to the vehicle electrical appliances. Specifically, the filtered signal is amplified by the amplifier, and then the voltage waveform is adjusted by the modulation circuit to form a stable modulation signal to power the vehicle electrical appliances in a constant voltage mode.

[0038] For example, the amplified signal is increased to 12V to match the voltage requirements of on-board electronic equipment.

[0039] Step S500: amplify the second signal to obtain a second amplified signal, compare the second amplified signal with the modulation signal, generate a comparison signal based on the comparison result, and control the battery unit to charge the supercapacitor unit according to the comparison signal.

[0040] In this step, the second signal is amplified to increase the signal strength, and then compared with the modulated signal to ensure that the charging voltage matches the acceptable threshold of the supercapacitor. Specifically, the amplified second signal is compared with the modulated signal by a comparison circuit, and a corresponding comparison signal is generated, which is used to control the output of the battery to optimize the charging process of the supercapacitor.

[0041] For example, if the comparison signal indicates that the charging voltage is too low, the charging power is increased to ensure that the supercapacitor is charged efficiently.

[0042] Step S600: integrating the modulation signal and the comparison signal, generating an integrated signal based on the integration result, and controlling the control unit to monitor the energy conversion between the battery unit and the supercapacitor unit in real time according to the integrated signal.

[0043] In this step, the integration circuit combines and analyzes the modulation signal and the comparison signal, extracts comprehensive power management information from them, and forms an integrated signal. Specifically, through the signal processing algorithm, the two sets of signal data are weighted averaged to generate a dynamic integrated signal, which is used to feed back to the control unit to achieve real-time monitoring and regulation of the energy conversion process.

[0044] For example, integrated signals monitor discharge and charge efficiency in real time to ensure the system operates at its best.

[0045] In this embodiment, the process starts by obtaining the temperature parameters of the current external environment, and then thresholds are defined for these temperature parameters to determine whether they are lower than a preset threshold. If the definition result shows that the temperature parameter is lower than the threshold, the control unit controls the supercapacitor unit to provide starting current for the engine of the car. Once the car engine is successfully started, the control unit will send a control signal, which is then processed to obtain two outputs: a first signal and a second signal. After the first signal is filtered, the control signal is amplified using the filtered signal, and the first amplified signal is modulated to control the battery unit to supply power to the car electrical appliances. At the same time, the second signal is also amplified and compared with the modulated signal to generate a comparison signal to control the battery unit to charge the supercapacitor unit. Finally, the modulated signal and the comparison signal are integrated, and the integrated signal generated based on the integration result is used to control the control unit to monitor the energy conversion between the battery unit and the supercapacitor unit in real time to ensure the efficient and safe operation of the system.

[0046] The supercapacitor unit provides the necessary starting current for the engine at low temperatures, solving the problem of insufficient output capacity of traditional battery units at low temperatures. At the same time, the intelligent monitoring and signal processing of the control unit ensures the efficiency and safety of the energy conversion process, especially through the careful processing and comparison of the signal, preventing overcharging and undercharging, and extending the service life of the power supply equipment. In addition, the use of integrated signals enables the control unit to monitor the state and flow of energy in real time, further enhancing the stability of the system and the accuracy of power management, providing a more optimized low-temperature starting solution for the vehicle power system, and improving the problem of overcharging or undercharging that is prone to occur during the energy conversion process between the supercapacitor and the battery, which in turn causes damage to the power supply equipment.

[0047] Embodiment 2: In step S100, the external environment of the automobile is detected by a preset temperature sensor to obtain temperature parameters.

[0048] By using high-precision temperature sensors to collect external environmental temperature data in real time, the collected temperature parameters are transmitted to the processing unit. Specifically, the sensor array covers different directions and obtains the environmental temperature at multiple points to ensure the accuracy and stability of the data.

[0049] For example, a temperature sensor can sample 10 times per second and feed the temperature data into an integrated temperature monitoring system for further processing.

[0050] A multilayer perceptron neural network is used to perform nonlinear transformation on the temperature parameters to obtain a feature vector and a probability distribution. The feature vector and the upper limit of a preset threshold are compared by fuzzy logic to obtain a first comparison result. The probability distribution and the lower limit of the preset threshold are compared by Bayesian inference to obtain a second comparison result.

[0051] By inputting the temperature parameters into the multilayer perceptron neural network for complex nonlinear mapping, the feature vector and probability distribution representing the current temperature environment are generated, which are used as the basis for further analysis. Specifically, the feature vector and the upper threshold are compared through fuzzy logic operations to determine whether the low temperature condition is met, while the probability distribution is evaluated through Bayesian inference to evaluate its fitness with the lower threshold to obtain the second comparison result.

[0052] For example, the neural network calculates the feature vector as [0.7, 0.3], with a probability distribution of 0.2, and a comparison conclusion is obtained after a logical operation with the threshold.

[0053] A delimitation result is generated based on the first comparison result and the second comparison result.

[0054] By combining the first comparison result and the second comparison result, a final delimitation result is generated through weighted average or other fusion strategies to reflect whether the current external environment temperature reaches the conditions for starting the decision. Specifically, a logical operator is used to integrate the two comparison results to generate a single delimitation value for subsequent control decisions.

[0055] For example, if both comparison results indicate that the temperature is lower than the threshold, the result is defined as "low temperature" and the supercapacitor auxiliary system is ready to be started.

[0056] In step S200, based on the definition result, the control unit sends a pulse width modulation signal, and uses the adaptive gain control circuit to amplify and modulate the pulse width modulation signal to obtain a regulation signal and a reference signal.

[0057] The control unit is driven by the defined result to generate a corresponding pulse width modulation signal, and the signal amplitude is dynamically adjusted by means of an adaptive gain control circuit so as to perform adaptive adjustment in combination with the actual load conditions of the vehicle. Specifically, the circuit adjusts the gain according to the current load conditions to ensure the efficiency and reliability of the output current.

[0058] For example, when faced with a large load, the gain control circuit automatically increases the amplitude of the pulse signal to achieve a 10% gain amplification.

[0059] The amplitude of the adjustment signal is adjusted by a feedback gain controller to obtain an adjusted signal, the adjusted signal is phase-synchronized with a reference signal to obtain a synchronization signal, and the current of the supercapacitor unit is controlled based on the synchronization signal to provide starting current for the engine of the vehicle.

[0060] After the feedback gain controller calculates the optimal amplitude of the regulation signal, it is phase-aligned with the reference signal to generate a synchronization signal to ensure the consistency and stability of the current waveform. Specifically, the synchronization signal is used to adjust the output current of the supercapacitor unit so that the starting current provided to the engine can accurately match its needs.

[0061] For example, the synchronization signal can adjust the output current up to 350A to ensure that the engine starts regardless of the external temperature.

[0062] In step S300, spectrum analysis is performed on the control signal by Fourier transform to obtain spectrum data, a frequency domain signal is generated based on the spectrum data, and the frequency domain signal is decomposed by wavelet decomposition to obtain a low-frequency component.

[0063] The control signal is converted from the time domain to the frequency domain through Fourier transform to analyze its spectral characteristics. Specifically, the spectrum data is obtained by performing fast Fourier transform (FFT) on the spectrum of the signal, and this data is reconstructed into a frequency domain signal for further analysis. Subsequently, the wavelet decomposition technology is applied to decompose the frequency domain signal into multi-level frequency band coefficients, and the low-frequency components for low-frequency analysis are separated.

[0064] For example, if low-frequency components of 0-100 Hz appear in the analysis signal, wavelet decomposition extracts these low-frequency features for subsequent processing.

[0065] The amplitude of the low-frequency component is calculated according to the power spectrum density to obtain amplitude data and phase data, the amplitude data is filtered and smoothed to obtain a smoothed signal, and the smoothed signal is inversely transformed using the low-frequency component to generate a first signal.

[0066] By calculating the power spectral density of the low-frequency component, the corresponding amplitude and phase data can be obtained. Specifically, the power spectral density function is used to quantify the energy characteristics of the signal, and its results are reflected in the amplitude data. After these data are processed by a smoothing filter, the high-frequency noise components are removed to ensure that the signal remains true during reconstruction. Then, the smoothed signal is inversely transformed (such as inverse wavelet transform) using the low-frequency component to finally generate the first signal for subsequent analysis.

[0067] For example, low-pass filtering is performed on low-frequency components to eliminate high-frequency noise, after which the signal becomes smoother and easier to process.

[0068] The phase of the first signal is tracked by a phase-locked loop circuit to obtain a phase signal and a frequency signal, a phase adjustment signal is generated based on the phase signal, and the frequency signal is weighted by using the phase adjustment signal to obtain a second signal.

[0069] The first signal is accurately phase tracked by the phase-locked loop circuit to obtain the phase signal and frequency signal output by the loop. Specifically, the phase-locked loop circuit generates a phase signal by continuously adjusting the output phase to keep synchronization with the input signal. Subsequently, the phase signal is converted into a phase adjustment signal, which is used to perform weighted processing on the frequency signal to ensure the stability and consistency of the frequency signal, and finally obtain a more stable second signal.

[0070] For example, when a phase offset is detected, the phase-locked loop automatically adjusts the output to offset the deviation, which ensures the stability of the system frequency.

[0071] In step S400, the first signal is subjected to denoising by a Kalman filter to obtain a base signal, a noise signal and a deviation signal, the base signal is subjected to characteristic decomposition by polynomial fitting to obtain an intrinsic mode function and a characteristic signal, and the noise signal is subjected to a least mean square algorithm by using the intrinsic mode function to obtain a filtered signal.

[0072] The first signal is processed by a Kalman filter to effectively distinguish the base signal, the noise signal and the deviation signal. Specifically, the Kalman filter estimates and adjusts the signal according to the signal dynamic model and the observation data to reduce the influence of noise. The base signal is characterized by a polynomial fitting method to obtain an intrinsic mode function and its corresponding characteristic signal. Then, the noise signal is predicted and adjusted by applying the intrinsic mode function and the least mean square algorithm to generate a highly pure filtered signal.

[0073] For example, the Kalman filter can dynamically track changes in signal states and make real-time adjustments to noise. The optimized filtered signal retains the main features of the signal.

[0074] The filter signal and the control signal are dynamically and adaptively amplified through the fuzzy controller to obtain the amplified control signal.

[0075] By introducing the fuzzy controller, the filter signal and the control signal are adjusted and amplified in real time. Specifically, the fuzzy controller uses the fuzzy set of the input signal, the rule base and the inference mechanism to dynamically and adaptively process the two signals to optimize the output signal.

[0076] This method ensures that the amplified control signal has high steady-state performance and response speed when adapting to different load conditions.

[0077] For example, when the system load increases dramatically, adaptive amplification can be used to ensure sufficient power.

[0078] Phase modulation is applied to perform frequency vector transformation on the amplified control signal and the first amplified signal to obtain a vector signal and a phase signal. The vector signal is optimized by a phase compensator to obtain an optimized signal, and the optimized signal is mutually coupled using the phase signal to obtain a modulated signal.

[0079] By implementing phase modulation, the amplified control signal and the first amplified signal are converted into frequency vector form to generate a vector signal and a phase signal. Specifically, the phase compensator is used to dynamically correct and optimize the vector signal, and the phase difference is adjusted in time to improve the signal consistency and stability, and finally an optimized signal is formed. The optimized signal is precisely coupled through the phase signal to finally integrate the modulated signal.

[0080] For example, a phase-compensated vector signal not only reduces the phase error but also improves the quality of the final output signal.

[0081] In step S500, a harmonic analyzer is used to separate and process the second signal to obtain a fundamental frequency signal, a harmonic signal and a phase shift signal, and principal component analysis is applied to reduce the dimension of the fundamental frequency signal to obtain a principal component signal and a secondary component signal.

[0082] The second signal is precisely decomposed by a harmonic analyzer to extract its fundamental frequency signal, harmonic signal and phase shift signal. Specifically, each signal component is extracted separately by spectrum analysis in order to perform deep signal processing. The principal component analysis method is applied to reduce the dimension of the fundamental frequency signal, further reveal the main component characteristics, and form a signal model with optimized main and secondary component structure.

[0083] For example, the obtained principal component signal represents 90% of the energy of the overall signal, which greatly simplifies subsequent data signal processing.

[0084] The frequency of the main component signal is verified by fast Fourier transform to obtain the frequency signal, and the frequency signal is used to perform windowing processing on the harmonic signal to obtain the harmonic envelope, and the trend of the secondary component signal is evaluated to obtain the trend signal, which is combined with the frequency signal to obtain the second amplified signal.

[0085] The frequency of the main component signal is verified by fast Fourier transform to confirm the signal spectrum characteristics. Specifically, the window function is applied to the harmonic signal to further enhance the frequency resolution of the signal and obtain a more accurate harmonic envelope. At the same time, the trend analysis of the secondary component signal is performed to identify the change pattern and generate a trend signal. Combining the frequency and trend signals, the second amplified signal reflecting the dynamic changes of the signal is finally obtained.

[0086] For example, windowed harmonic envelopes provide more continuous response data for accurate filtering.

[0087] The second amplified signal is analyzed collaboratively with the modulated signal to obtain a refined signal, a harmonic signal and a differential signal, the refined signal is cross-correlated to generate a relative signal and an absolute signal, the relative signal and the harmonic signal are compensated to obtain a compensated signal, and the absolute signal and the differential signal are integrated to obtain a redundant signal.

[0088] By jointly analyzing the second amplified signal and the modulated signal, fine signal analysis is performed to distinguish the refined signal, the coordinated harmonic signal and the differential information. Specifically, through the signal cross-correlation processing technology, the relative signal and the absolute signal reflecting the relationship between the signals are extracted and generated. The relative signal is compensated based on the harmonic signal to generate a compensation signal, and the characteristic components of the absolute signal and the differential signal are integrated to automatically generate a redundant signal to improve the tolerance and robustness of the signal.

[0089] For example, signal compensation achieves 15% jitter reduction, while redundant signals amplify visibility of important signal features.

[0090] The compensation signal and the redundant signal are logically transformed to obtain a comparison result, and a comparison signal is generated based on the comparison result.

[0091] By implementing logical transformation to process the compensation signal and the redundant signal, the key information between the data is captured and a clear comparison result is generated. Specifically, the signal logic processing module uses a pre-defined logic framework to automatically generate a comparison signal for further control.

[0092] For example, when the consistency between the compensation signal and the redundant signal is lower than a certain threshold, a highly sensitive and accurate abnormal alarm signal is generated through logical judgment.

[0093] In step S600, the modulation signal and the comparison signal are integrated by using an adaptive filtering algorithm to obtain an integration result.

[0094] The modulation signal and the comparison signal are processed by adaptive filter technology to finally form a comprehensive integration result. Specifically, by adjusting the filtering parameters and strategies, the purpose of maximizing the commonality of signal correlation and reducing the heterogeneity display is achieved to promote the generation of a better mixed signal.

[0095] For example, adaptive filtering can dynamically respond to input signal changes, achieve significant reductions in overall error information, and achieve smooth mixed-signal processing capabilities.

[0096] Fuzzy cluster analysis is used to classify the integration results to obtain consistent signals, difference signals and domain signals. The consistent signals are screened through the support vector machine model to obtain screened signals and backup signals.

[0097] The integrated result signals are accurately classified and processed through the fuzzy clustering analysis framework to identify consistent signals, differential signals and other field-specific signals. Specifically, the consistent signals are selected using support vector machine technology to delete unnecessary information data, and finally the standby screening signals and backup signals are extracted.

[0098] For example, cluster analysis can reveal key signal characteristics around changes, helping with decision-making and precise control of the system.

[0099] The screening signal is used to perform cluster verification on the difference signal to obtain the verification signal, and the backup signal is used to adjust the weight of the domain signal to obtain the weighted signal.

[0100] Based on the screening signal, the difference signal is further clustered and associated verification is performed to obtain the evaluation signal of the signal group status. Specifically, the backup signal is referenced to the domain signal, and incremental adjustment is performed through the bias strategy, so that the modified signal group can achieve trade-off optimization and output the weighted signal.

[0101] Through weight strategy and clustering verification, it can provide stable algorithm performance improvement under different signal conditions.

[0102] A neural network is used to perform correlation analysis on the verification signal and the weighted signal to obtain a correlation signal.

[0103] By applying a deep neural network model to implement the interactive analysis process of verification signals and weighted signals, a correlation data set that reflects the dynamic relationship between signals is finally generated. Specifically, the network uses its multi-layer architecture and nonlinear continuous mapping characteristics to enhance the role perception and overall close cooperation measurement between signals, bringing the technical ability to cleverly generate correlation signals. As an instantiation feature, correlation analysis describes the energy flow at different energy unit locations in the entire system and provides reference for subsequent authoritative control decisions.

[0104] The status of the battery unit and supercapacitor unit is detected according to the related signals, dynamic power management and real-time feedback control are carried out, and real-time monitoring of energy conversion is achieved.

[0105] By importing related signals into the energy management system for monitoring the health status of battery cells and supercapacitor cells, the combined application of energy efficiency control and feedback mechanisms is promoted accordingly. Specifically, power distribution management is implemented by means of dynamic prediction to ensure operational consistency, efficiency and safety, achieve efficient energy allocation, and build a dynamic iterative control model through the precise expression of load and time windows. In intelligent feedback, precise event detection protects the use of power resources, achieving full coverage and optimization goals of refined monitoring of energy conversion. This allows the system to effectively detect low power conditions and initiate loop correction in a timely manner.

[0106] In this embodiment, the frequency domain characteristics of the control signal can be analyzed in detail through the application of Fourier transform, and the wavelet decomposition further separates and refines the significant low-frequency components, which is more suitable for the needs of real-time systems. The Kalman filter plays a significant role in the decomposition of the noise signal, ensuring that the generated filtered signal has high purity and stability. At the same time, the fuzzy controller adaptively adjusts the signal amplification, providing deep adaptability for the dynamic changes of vehicle load. Harmonic analysis and principal component analysis techniques refine the harmonic characteristics, reduce the signal bandwidth crowding and improve the frequency resolution. In the total output signal processing, the phase compensation and frequency vector conversion techniques are used to achieve effective modulation of the signal. The obtained modulated signal is subjected to rigorous pattern verification, and the final signal comprehensive optimization and processing are performed by logic and adaptive analysis. In particular, the introduction of fuzzy clustering and support vector machines realizes the deep classification of data and the reduction of redundant characteristics, providing strong technical support for the efficient transmission and feedback control of signals. Finally, through the dynamic power management and intelligent correlation analysis throughout the whole process, the efficiency and adaptability of the energy conversion system are fully optimized, ensuring high-reliability startup and all-round dynamic power management at low temperatures.

[0107] Embodiment 3: like Figure 2 As shown, the present application also provides a supercapacitor-based automobile power low-temperature starting protection device 10, which is applied to an automobile starting control system. The automobile starting control system includes a control unit, a battery unit and a supercapacitor unit. The device includes an acquisition module 11, a starting module 12, a processing module 13, a filtering module 14, an amplification module 15 and a monitoring module 16.

[0108] The acquisition module 11 is mainly used to acquire the temperature parameters of the current external environment, define the thresholds of the temperature parameters, and obtain the definition results.

[0109] The starting module 12 is mainly used to control the super capacitor unit to provide starting current for the engine of the vehicle through the control unit if the definition result is lower than a preset threshold.

[0110] The processing module 13 is mainly used to send a control signal through the control unit after the engine of the vehicle is started, and perform signal processing on the control signal to obtain a first signal and a second signal.

[0111] The filtering module 14 is mainly used to filter the first signal to obtain a filtered signal and a first amplified signal, use the filtered signal to amplify the control signal to obtain an amplified control signal, modulate the first amplified signal based on the amplified control signal to obtain a modulated signal, and control the battery unit to supply power to the automotive electrical appliances according to the modulated signal.

[0112] The amplification module 15 is mainly used to amplify the second signal to obtain a second amplified signal, compare the second amplified signal with the modulation signal, and generate a comparison signal based on the comparison result, and control the battery unit to charge the supercapacitor unit according to the comparison signal.

[0113] The monitoring module 16 is mainly used to integrate the modulation signal and the comparison signal, and generate an integrated signal based on the integration result, and control the control unit to monitor the energy conversion between the battery unit and the supercapacitor unit in real time according to the integrated signal.

[0114] In this embodiment, an efficient low-temperature starting protection device 10 for automobile power supply is formed by integrating the acquisition module 11, the start module 12, the processing module 13, the filtering module 14, the amplification module 15 and the monitoring module 16. The acquisition module 11 first monitors the ambient temperature to timely grasp the external temperature parameters and determine whether the preset start conditions are met. This ensures that the system can accurately judge and respond in time under extremely low temperatures. The start module 12 uses the threshold judgment result to instantly mobilize the supercapacitor unit through the control unit to provide strong transient current support for the automobile engine, thereby successfully starting the engine. After the engine is started, the processing module 13 is responsible for managing the control signal sent, performing deep signal analysis to generate accurate first and second signals, which is convenient for subsequent filtering and amplification module 15 processing. The filtering module 14 focuses on signal purification and integrity recovery to ensure that the battery unit accurately supplies power to the vehicle electronic equipment 20. The amplification module 15 is dedicated to signal amplification and regulation to ensure that the charging management of the supercapacitor is in the best state. The monitoring module 16 coordinates the signal interaction between the modules as a whole, provides real-time monitoring and feedback on the energy conversion between the battery unit and the supercapacitor unit, and ensures that the system can operate efficiently and stably at any time. Through the close cooperation and intelligent management of these modules, the entire system ensures that the vehicle still has excellent starting ability and power management efficiency in low temperature environments.

[0115] It should be noted that technicians in the relevant technical field can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working process of the above-described device and each module can refer to the corresponding process of the automobile power supply low-temperature starting protection method based on supercapacitor in the aforementioned embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0116] Embodiment 4: like Figure 3 As shown, the present application also provides an electronic device 20, including a memory 21 and a processor 22, the memory 21 stores a computer program that can be run on the processor 22, and when the processor 22 executes the computer program, the supercapacitor-based automobile power low-temperature startup protection method in Example 1 is implemented.

[0117] In this embodiment, the electronic device 20 can efficiently execute the low-temperature startup protection method of the automobile power supply based on the supercapacitor through the cooperation of the memory 21 and the processor 22 inside the electronic device 20. The computer program stored in the memory 21 is designed to respond to environmental changes and realize precise signal control and power management. When the processor 22 executes the program, it intelligently judges the low-temperature environment to determine the startup sequence, which greatly improves the startup efficiency. When the system detects a low-temperature environment, the supercapacitor quickly releases the stored energy to support the start-up of the vehicle engine. This design improves accuracy and reliability through programmed control and reduces human intervention. The entire method ensures that the vehicle can be stably started and the power supply system can be effectively protected and managed under a variety of environmental conditions, including extreme low temperatures.

[0118] Embodiment 5: The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the automobile power supply low-temperature startup protection method based on a supercapacitor in Example 1.

[0119] In this embodiment, the technical applicability and flexibility of the low-temperature startup protection method for automobile power based on supercapacitors are improved through computer-readable storage media. The program stored in the storage medium can run efficiently on the processor, and the charging and discharging process of the supercapacitor can be triggered in time through the instruction set, so that when the system senses that the ambient temperature drops to a critical value, the energy output support of the capacitor can be quickly activated. This solution ensures that the vehicle can still start smoothly under adverse low-temperature conditions, and optimizes the startup and power supply efficiency through continuous data reading and analysis. At the same time, through the portability and copying characteristics of the readable storage medium, the method can be easily integrated into various automobile power management systems, achieving wide market adaptation and technical popularization.

[0120] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-temperature startup protection method for automobile power supply based on supercapacitor, applied to an automobile startup control system, wherein the automobile startup control system comprises a control unit, a battery unit and a supercapacitor unit, characterized in that: The protection method comprises: Acquire the temperature parameters of the current external environment, perform threshold definition on the temperature parameters, and obtain a definition result; If the defined result is lower than a preset threshold, the control unit controls the supercapacitor unit to provide a starting current for the engine of the vehicle; When the engine of the vehicle is started, the control unit sends a control signal, and the control signal is processed to obtain a first signal and a second signal; Filtering the first signal to obtain a filtered signal and a first amplified signal, amplifying the control signal using the filtered signal to obtain an amplified control signal, modulating the first amplified signal based on the amplified control signal to obtain a modulated signal, and controlling the battery unit to supply power to the automotive electrical appliance according to the modulated signal; amplifying the second signal to obtain a second amplified signal, comparing the second amplified signal with the modulated signal, generating a comparison signal based on the comparison result, and controlling the battery unit to charge the supercapacitor unit according to the comparison signal; The modulation signal and the comparison signal are integrated, and an integrated signal is generated based on the integration result. The control unit is controlled according to the integrated signal to monitor the energy conversion between the battery unit and the supercapacitor unit in real time.

2. The low temperature startup protection method for automobile power supply based on supercapacitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of obtaining the temperature parameter of the current external environment, defining the threshold of the temperature parameter, and obtaining the definition result includes: The external environment of the car is detected by a preset temperature sensor to obtain temperature parameters; Using a multilayer perceptron neural network to perform nonlinear transformation on the temperature parameter to obtain a feature vector and a probability distribution, performing fuzzy logic comparison on the feature vector and an upper limit of a preset threshold to obtain a first comparison result, and performing Bayesian inference on the probability distribution and a lower limit of the preset threshold to obtain a second comparison result; A delimitation result is generated based on the first comparison result and the second comparison result.

3. The low temperature startup protection method for automobile power supply based on supercapacitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of controlling the supercapacitor unit by the control unit to provide a starting current for the engine of the vehicle comprises: Based on the definition result, the control unit sends a pulse width modulation signal, and uses an adaptive gain control circuit to amplify and modulate the pulse width modulation signal to obtain a regulation signal and a reference signal; The amplitude of the adjustment signal is adjusted by a feedback gain controller to obtain an adjusted signal, the adjusted signal is phase-synchronized with the reference signal to obtain a synchronization signal, and the current of the supercapacitor unit is controlled based on the synchronization signal to provide starting current for the engine of the automobile.

4. The low temperature startup protection method for automobile power supply based on supercapacitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of performing signal processing on the control signal to obtain the first signal and the second signal comprises: Performing spectrum analysis on the control signal by Fourier transform to obtain spectrum data, generating a frequency domain signal based on the spectrum data, and decomposing the frequency domain signal by wavelet decomposition to obtain a low-frequency component; Calculating the amplitude of the low-frequency component according to the power spectrum density to obtain amplitude data and phase data, filtering and smoothing the amplitude data to obtain a smoothed signal, and inversely transforming the smoothed signal using the low-frequency component to generate a first signal; The first signal is phase tracked by a phase-locked loop circuit to obtain a phase signal and a frequency signal, a phase adjustment signal is generated based on the phase signal, and the frequency signal is weighted by using the phase adjustment signal to obtain a second signal.

5. The method for low temperature startup protection of automobile power supply based on super capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of filtering the first signal to obtain a filtered signal and a first amplified signal, amplifying the control signal using the filtered signal to obtain an amplified control signal, and modulating the first amplified signal based on the amplified control signal to obtain a modulated signal include: Performing noise reduction processing on the first signal through a Kalman filter to obtain a base signal, a noise signal and a deviation signal, applying polynomial fitting to perform characteristic decomposition on the base signal to obtain an intrinsic mode function and a characteristic signal, and performing a minimum mean square algorithm on the noise signal using the intrinsic mode function to obtain a filtered signal; Dynamically and adaptively amplifying the filter signal and the control signal through a fuzzy controller to obtain an amplified control signal; Phase modulation is applied to perform frequency vector transformation on the amplified control signal and the first amplified signal to obtain a vector signal and a phase signal, the vector signal is optimized by a phase compensator to obtain an optimized signal, and the optimized signal is mutually coupled using the phase signal to obtain a modulated signal.

6. The method for low temperature startup protection of automobile power supply based on super capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of amplifying the second signal to obtain a second amplified signal, comparing the second amplified signal with the modulated signal, and generating a comparison signal based on the comparison result includes: Using a harmonic analyzer to separate and process the second signal, decomposing it into a fundamental frequency signal, a harmonic signal, and a phase shift signal, and applying principal component analysis to reduce the dimension of the fundamental frequency signal to obtain a principal component signal and a secondary component signal; Performing frequency verification on the main component signal by using fast Fourier transform to obtain a frequency signal, and applying the frequency signal to perform windowing processing on the harmonic signal to obtain a harmonic envelope, performing trend evaluation on the secondary component signal to obtain a trend signal, and combining the trend signal with the frequency signal to obtain a second amplified signal; Coordinately analyzing the second amplified signal and the modulated signal to obtain a refined signal, a harmonized signal, and a differential signal, cross-correlate the refined signal to generate a relative signal and an absolute signal, compensate the relative signal and the harmonized signal to obtain a compensated signal, and integrate the absolute signal and the differential signal to obtain a redundant signal; The compensation signal and the redundant signal are logically transformed to obtain a comparison result, and a comparison signal is generated based on the comparison result.

7. The low temperature startup protection method for automobile power supply based on super capacitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of integrating the modulation signal and the comparison signal, generating an integrated signal based on the integration result, and controlling the control unit to monitor the energy conversion between the battery unit and the supercapacitor unit in real time according to the integrated signal comprises: Performing signal integration on the modulation signal and the comparison signal by using an adaptive filtering algorithm to obtain an integration result; Using fuzzy cluster analysis to classify the integration results, obtaining consistent signals, difference signals and domain signals, and filtering the consistent signals through a support vector machine model to obtain filtered signals and spare signals; Using the screening signal to perform cluster verification on the difference signal to obtain a verification signal, and using the backup signal to perform weight adjustment on the domain signal to obtain a weighted signal; Performing correlation analysis on the verification signal and the weighted signal using a neural network to obtain a correlation signal; The states of the battery unit and the supercapacitor unit are detected according to the associated signal, dynamic power management and real-time feedback control are performed, and real-time monitoring of energy conversion is achieved.

8. A low-temperature starting protection device for automobile power supply based on supercapacitor, applied to automobile starting control system, the automobile starting control system comprises a control unit, a battery unit and a supercapacitor unit, characterized in that: The device comprises: An acquisition module is used to acquire the temperature parameters of the current external environment, set a threshold for the temperature parameters, and obtain a set result; A starting module, configured to control the supercapacitor unit to provide a starting current for the engine of the vehicle through the control unit if the defined result is lower than a preset threshold value; A processing module, configured to send a control signal through the control unit after the engine of the vehicle is started, and perform signal processing on the control signal to obtain a first signal and a second signal; a filtering module, configured to filter the first signal to obtain a filtered signal and a first amplified signal, amplify the control signal using the filtered signal to obtain an amplified control signal, modulate the first amplified signal based on the amplified control signal to obtain a modulated signal, and control the battery unit to supply power to the automotive electrical appliance according to the modulated signal; an amplification module, configured to amplify the second signal to obtain a second amplified signal, compare the second amplified signal with the modulation signal, generate a comparison signal based on the comparison result, and control the battery unit to charge the supercapacitor unit according to the comparison signal; The monitoring module is used to integrate the modulation signal and the comparison signal, and generate an integrated signal based on the integration result, and control the control unit according to the integrated signal to monitor the energy conversion between the battery unit and the supercapacitor unit in real time.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: It comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be run on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the supercapacitor-based automobile power supply low-temperature startup protection method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: A computer program is stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor is enabled to execute the low-temperature startup protection method for an automobile power supply based on a supercapacitor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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