Thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, battery pack and electric vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, a battery pack and an electric vehicle. The problem that an existing battery pack has potential safety hazards is mainly solved. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device comprises a flue gas conveying pipe and an ignition unit, the ignition unit comprises an ignition shell and an igniter; one end of the smoke conveying pipe is provided with a first connecting part used for being connected with a second connecting part of the battery pack, the other end of the smoke conveying pipe is connected with the ignition shell, and the length of the smoke conveying pipe achieves safe isolation of the battery pack and the ignition unit; the igniter ignites the thermal runaway smoke conveyed into the ignition shell through the smoke conveying pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of electric vehicle batteries, and specifically relates to a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, a battery pack and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of battery technology, electric vehicles are increasingly widely used. To meet the endurance requirements of electric vehicles, electric vehicle battery packs generally include multiple single cells connected in series and parallel. At the same time, in order to pursue higher energy density, multiple single cells are closely arranged in the battery pack box. The high-density arrangement makes the safety and thermal stability of the battery pack poor, which brings certain safety hazards to the safe use of the battery pack.

[0003] China CN113646960B discloses a battery pack and an electric vehicle, which includes a shell, a battery cell assembly, a first separator, a pressure relief portion and glue. Among them, the first separator is arranged between the first side of the battery cell assembly and the shell, and it will deform when the temperature is higher than the first threshold. Glue is filled between at least a portion of the area outside the first side of the battery cell assembly and the shell to fix the battery cell assembly and the shell. When the battery pack is in thermal runaway, the first separator will be deformed by heat, so that a first pressure relief channel is formed between the first side of the battery cell assembly and the shell, and then the high-temperature gas can smoothly escape from the battery pack through the first pressure relief channel and the pressure relief portion, thereby avoiding the disadvantage that the high-temperature gas cannot be discharged in time when the battery cell assembly is in thermal runaway, so as to eliminate the hidden danger of battery pack explosion.

[0004] In the above-mentioned battery pack, the thermal runaway smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell assembly is directly discharged outside the shell through the first pressure relief channel to eliminate the hidden danger of the thermal runaway smoke gathering in the shell and causing the battery pack to explode. However, the thermal runaway smoke directly discharged outside the shell is a high-temperature flammable gas, which is uncontrollable outside the shell and can easily cause a secondary explosion. The battery pack still has certain safety hazards. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem of potential safety hazards in existing batteries for electric vehicles, the present invention provides a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, a battery pack and an electric vehicle.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0007] The present invention provides a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, which comprises a flue gas delivery pipe and an ignition unit; the ignition unit comprises an ignition shell and an igniter; one end of the flue gas delivery pipe is provided with a first connection portion for connecting to a second connection portion of a battery pack, the other end of the flue gas delivery pipe is connected to the ignition shell, and the length of the flue gas delivery pipe realizes safe isolation of the battery pack and the ignition unit; the igniter ignites the thermal runaway flue gas delivered by the flue gas delivery pipe to the ignition shell.

[0008] Furthermore, the length of the smoke conveying pipe is greater than 50 cm, and the smoke conveying pipe is a metal bellows.

[0009] Furthermore, the ignition unit also includes a porous structure; the ignition housing includes a combustion chamber and a smoke exhaust pipe, the combustion chamber is a structure with an open end, the porous structure is installed to the open end of the combustion chamber, the igniter is located above the porous structure, one port of the smoke exhaust pipe is connected to the open end of the combustion chamber, and the other port is connected to the external environment, which is used to discharge thermal runaway smoke after combustion treatment.

[0010] Furthermore, the angle between the two ports of the smoke exhaust pipe is 70° to 120°.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes an air delivery component, which includes an air supply duct and a fan, the inlet of the fan is connected to the external environment, the outlet is connected to the inlet of the air supply duct, and the outlet of the air supply duct is connected to the inner cavity of the ignition shell.

[0012] Furthermore, the air supply duct is provided with a flow regulating device for regulating the air flow.

[0013] Furthermore, the first connecting portion includes a pressing protrusion and a first locking nut, the pressing protrusion is fixedly connected to the side wall of the smoke conveying pipe, and there is a channel for thermal runaway smoke to pass through between the pressing protrusion and the side wall of the smoke conveying pipe, and the first locking nut is used to fix the pressing protrusion to the second connecting portion of the battery pack.

[0014] The present invention also provides a battery pack, which is provided with a second connecting portion, and the second connecting portion is used to be connected to the first connecting portion of the smoke conveying pipe in the thermal runaway smoke treatment device described in any of the above items; the second connecting portion seals the battery pack when the battery pack is not connected to the smoke conveying pipe, and realizes connection with the first connecting portion when the battery pack is connected to the smoke conveying pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the second connecting part includes a smoke exhaust hole and a sealing connecting part arranged on the smoke exhaust hole, the sealing connecting part includes a fixing part, a sealing head and a compression spring; the fixing part includes an outer cylinder and a limiting column fixed in the outer cylinder, the outer wall of the sealing head has a conical sealing surface, and a mounting blind hole is provided inside the outer cylinder, the sealing head is located in the inner cavity of the outer cylinder and is mounted on the limiting column; the compression spring is installed in the mounting blind hole, and is used to fit and press the conical sealing surface of the sealing head with the conical sealing surface on the inner wall of the outer cylinder.

[0016] The present invention also provides an electric vehicle, which includes a vehicle body, any one of the above-mentioned battery packs and any one of the above-mentioned thermal runaway smoke treatment devices, wherein the battery pack and the thermal runaway smoke treatment device are both installed on the vehicle body, and the first connecting portion of the smoke conveying pipe is connected to the second connecting portion on the battery pack.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. The present invention provides a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device. When any single cell in a battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the flue gas delivery pipe delivers the thermal runaway flue gas to the ignition unit for ignition treatment. After the thermal runaway flue gas is ignited, the discharged gas is a non-flammable gas, which prevents the thermal runaway flue gas from accumulating outside the battery pack and causing the risk of secondary explosion. At the same time, since the thermal runaway flue gas will generate a lot of heat and open flames when it is ignited, if the heat and open flames are transferred to the battery pack, it will aggravate the thermal runaway reaction in the battery pack and cause more serious safety accidents. Therefore, the battery pack and the ignition unit are spatially isolated by the flue gas delivery pipe to prevent the heat generated by the thermal runaway flue gas from affecting the batteries in the battery box.

[0019] 2. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of the present invention, the length of the flue gas delivery pipe is generally greater than 10 cm, and this length needs to ensure that the battery pack and the ignition unit have a certain safety distance to prevent the flame or heat generated by the ignition of the thermal runaway flue gas from affecting the battery module in the battery pack. At the same time, the flue gas delivery pipe adopts a metal bellows, which not only has good rigidity and can withstand high temperature and high pressure flue gas, but also can adjust its position on the electric vehicle at will according to the body structure of the electric vehicle.

[0020] 3. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of the present invention, the ignition unit also includes a porous structure, and the porous structure is installed in the ignition shell. After the porous structure is installed, the thermal runaway flue gas burns on the surface of the porous structure, and the thermal runaway flue gas is dispersed into multiple micropores or openings by the porous structure. The burning flame is evenly distributed and the fire is relatively gentle, thereby improving the safety of the entire thermal runaway flue gas treatment device.

[0021] 4. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of the present invention, the smoke exhaust pipe is a bent pipe. This type of smoke exhaust pipe structure can avoid the leakage of burning open flames as much as possible within the limited installation space, and completely isolate the flames generated by the combustion of thermal runaway flue gas within its inner cavity.

[0022] 5. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of the present invention also includes an air delivery component, which mainly delivers external air to the combustion chamber so that the air and the thermal runaway flue gas are mixed before combustion. This method can not only ensure that the thermal runaway flue gas can be fully burned, but also make the flame generated by the combustion smaller, further improving the safety of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device.

[0023] 6. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of the present invention, a flow regulating device is also provided on the air supply duct, and the air flow in the air supply duct is regulated by the flow regulating device so that the ratio of oxygen in the air and combustible gas in the thermal runaway flue gas reaches an optimal combustion ratio, so that the thermal runaway flue gas can be further fully burned.

[0024] 7. The battery pack of the present invention is provided with a second connecting portion, which seals the battery pack when the battery pack is not connected to the smoke conveying pipe to prevent impurities and water vapor in the external environment from entering the battery pack and affecting the batteries in the battery pack. When the battery pack is connected to the smoke conveying pipe, the second connecting portion achieves a reliable connection between the battery pack and the smoke conveying pipe.

[0025] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an existing battery pack;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ignition unit (ignition housing omitted) in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 2;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device (control box omitted) in Example 2;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the locked state of the air conditioning sheet in Example 2;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the smoke delivery pipe and the battery pack in Example 3;

[0034] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the second connecting portion in Example 3;

[0035] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric vehicle in Example 4.

[0036] Figure numerals: 1-body, 2-battery pack, 3-thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, 21-battery box, 22-battery module, 24-sealing connector, 211-smoke exhaust hole, 221-monocell, 222-battery management system, 241-fixing part, 242-sealing head, 243-compression spring, 2411-outer cylinder, 2422-limiting column, 31-smoke conveying pipe, 32-ignition shell, 33-igniter, 34-porous structure, 35- Honeycomb ceramic block, 36-sensor, 37-air delivery assembly, 38-control box, 39-metal mesh, 311-top pressure protrusion, 312-first locking nut, 321-combustion chamber, 322-smoke exhaust pipe, 331-ignition needle, 332-pulse generator, 351-smoke buffer chamber, 371-air supply duct, 372-fan, 373-air regulating plate, 374-strip hole, 375-second locking nut, 376-DC / DC converter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] The "other embodiments" appearing in different places in this specification do not all refer to the same embodiment, nor are they separate or selective embodiments mutually exclusive with other embodiments. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0039] In the description of this specification, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate, or the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] At the same time, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "top, bottom, inside and outside" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0041] The battery pack is a relatively important part of an electric vehicle. The battery pack is installed on the body of the electric vehicle and electrically connected to the electrical devices. It mainly provides electrical energy for the electrical devices of the electric vehicle. The electrical devices of the electric vehicle include but are not limited to instruments, lights, speakers, drive motors, etc.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the battery pack 2 of the existing electric vehicle includes a battery box 21 and a battery module 22. Among them, the battery module 22 is the power supply body of the battery pack 2, and the battery box 21 is coated on the outside of the battery module 22 to protect the battery module 22. The battery box 21 is also provided with charging and discharging terminals to electrically connect the battery module 22 with an external circuit or an electrical device. The battery module 22 includes a battery management system 222 and a plurality of single cells 221 (the single cells can be existing single cylindrical batteries, square shell batteries, soft pack batteries, etc.), and the plurality of single cells 221 are connected in series, in parallel, or in series and in parallel to meet different capacity requirements. The battery management system 222 is mainly used to maintain and manage each single cell to prevent overcharging and over-discharging. The above battery box 21, battery module 22 and charging and discharging terminals are all conventional structures of the existing battery pack 2, and will not be described in detail here.

[0043] During the use of the battery pack 2 or when it is overcharged, over-discharged, or mechanically collided, the battery module 22 is prone to thermal runaway and produces thermal runaway smoke. The thermal runaway smoke gathers outside the battery box 21, and there is a risk of secondary explosion. Therefore, the present invention adds a thermal runaway smoke treatment device on the basis of the above structure, and the thermal runaway smoke treatment device ignites the thermal runaway smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the battery pack 2 to improve the safety of the battery pack 2. In addition, when the thermal runaway smoke treatment device ignites the thermal runaway smoke, it is also necessary to ensure that the flame and heat generated by the ignition will not affect the battery module 22 in the battery box 21. Therefore, a smoke delivery pipe with a certain length is provided between the ignition unit and the battery pack 2. The smoke delivery pipe can not only transport the thermal runaway smoke generated in the battery pack 2 to the ignition unit for processing, but also can spatially isolate the ignition unit and the battery pack 2 to prevent the flame or heat generated by the ignition of the thermal runaway smoke from affecting the battery module 22 in the battery box 21. The structure and installation of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device 3 are described in detail below.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the thermal runaway smoke treatment device 3 provided in this embodiment includes a smoke delivery pipe 31 and an ignition unit; the smoke delivery pipe 31 is mainly used to deliver the thermal runaway smoke in the battery pack 2 to the ignition unit, and the ignition unit ignites the thermal runaway smoke. When the above-mentioned smoke delivery pipe 31 is installed, a first connecting portion is provided at one end, and the first connecting portion is used to connect with the second connecting portion of the battery pack to realize the connection between the smoke delivery pipe 31 and the battery pack, and the other end of the smoke delivery pipe 31 is connected to the ignition unit. The length of the smoke delivery pipe 31 must meet the certain safety distance between the battery pack 2 and the ignition unit. In specific use, the length of the smoke delivery pipe 31 is generally greater than 30 cm, and the preferred length is greater than 50 cm. The smoke conveying pipe 31 is located between the ignition unit and the battery pack 2, and spatially isolates the ignition unit and the battery pack 2. When the ignition unit burns the thermal runaway smoke, the heat or open flame generated by it is difficult to transfer to the battery pack 2, thereby preventing the flame or heat generated by the ignition of the thermal runaway smoke from affecting the battery module 22 in the battery pack 2.

[0046] Since the thermal runaway flue gas transported by the flue gas delivery pipe 31 is high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas, the flue gas delivery pipe 31 is made of a material that can withstand high temperature and high pressure. At the same time, since the flue gas delivery pipe 31 is generally installed on the body of the electric vehicle, a flexible pipeline is required. In this embodiment, the flue gas delivery pipe 31 adopts a metal hose, preferably a metal bellows, which not only has good rigidity, but also can adjust its position on the electric vehicle at will according to the body structure of the electric vehicle.

[0047] The above-mentioned ignition unit ignites the thermal runaway smoke transported by the smoke conveying pipe 31. The ignition unit includes an ignition shell 32 and an igniter 33. The inner cavity of the ignition shell 32 is connected to the smoke conveying pipe 31. The smoke conveying pipe 31 conveys the thermal runaway smoke to the ignition shell 32, which is then ignited by the igniter 33. The ignition shell 32 provides a safe space for the thermal runaway smoke to burn.

[0048] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the ignition unit also includes a porous structure 34, which is installed in the ignition housing 32. After the porous structure 34 is installed, the thermal runaway smoke burns on the surface of the porous structure 34, and the thermal runaway smoke is dispersed into multiple micropores or openings by the porous structure 34. The burning flame is evenly distributed and the fire is relatively gentle. Therefore, the safety of the entire thermal runaway smoke treatment device 3 is improved.

[0049] like Figure 2As shown, in order to facilitate the installation of the above-mentioned porous structure 34, the ignition housing 32 in this embodiment is a split structure, which mainly includes a combustion chamber 321 and a smoke exhaust pipe 322. The combustion chamber 321 is a structure with one end open, and the porous structure 34 is installed to the open end of the combustion chamber 321. One port of the smoke exhaust pipe 322 is connected to the open end of the combustion chamber 321, and the other port is connected to the external environment, which is used to discharge the thermal runaway flue gas after the ignition process. The smoke exhaust pipe 322 mainly isolates the flame generated by the combustion of the thermal runaway flue gas completely in its inner cavity. In order to further ensure that the burning flame does not leak out, the smoke exhaust pipe 322 is a curved pipe, that is, the angle between the two ports of the smoke exhaust pipe 322 is 70° to 120°, preferably 90°. This arrangement can prevent the leakage of burning open flames as much as possible in the limited installation space. In other embodiments, the smoke exhaust pipe 322 may also be a straight-cylindrical structure, but its length must meet certain requirements to completely isolate the open flame. Therefore, in order to save volume, it is a better implementation to use a curved pipe for the smoke exhaust pipe.

[0050] The porous structure 34 is arranged at the open end of the combustion chamber 321, and has a plurality of holes or openings for gas to pass therethrough. The porous structure 34 can be a porous medium plate, or several layers of high temperature resistant metal mesh 39, or a combination of the two. The metal mesh 39 can be formed by weaving iron-chromium-aluminum wire. The porous medium plate preferably adopts a honeycomb ceramic block 35, which can be covered on the open end of the combustion chamber 321 in one piece, or can be covered on the open end of the combustion chamber 321 by several honeycomb ceramic blocks 35. When the porous structure 34 is installed, a ring boss can be specifically added to the inner wall of the combustion chamber 321, and the porous structure 34 can be placed on the ring boss, and then fixed. This method is suitable for the structure in which the porous structure 34 is a honeycomb ceramic block 35. Alternatively, the porous structure 34 is directly fixed to the open end of the combustion chamber 321 by bolts or screws. This method is suitable for the solution in which the porous structure 34 is a metal mesh 39.

[0051] In addition, due to the structural characteristics of the honeycomb ceramic block 35, the flow of the thermal runaway flue gas in the honeycomb ceramic block 35 is direct flow, for example, the thermal runaway flue gas flows from the bottom of the honeycomb ceramic block 35 to the top of the honeycomb ceramic block 35. If the flow direction of the thermal runaway flue gas at the outlet of the flue gas conveying pipe 31 is consistent with the flow direction of the thermal runaway flue gas in the honeycomb ceramic block 35, the outlet of the flue gas conveying pipe 31 is directly connected to the inlet side of the honeycomb ceramic block 35; if the flow direction of the thermal runaway flue gas at the outlet of the flue gas conveying pipe 31 is inconsistent with the flow direction of the thermal runaway flue gas in the honeycomb ceramic block 35, a notch is generally set on the inlet side of the honeycomb ceramic block 35 to form a flue gas buffer chamber 351, and the flue gas conveying pipe 31 is connected to the notch, and the thermal runaway flue gas in the flue gas conveying pipe 31 first enters the flue gas buffer chamber 351, and then enters the honeycomb ceramic block 35 from the flue gas buffer chamber 351, so that the thermal runaway flue gas can flow smoothly from the inlet side of the honeycomb ceramic block 35 to the outlet side. In addition, the flue gas buffer chamber 351 can also filter the thermal runaway flue gas entering the honeycomb ceramic block 35 to a certain extent, and filter out the solid particle impurities and the like in the thermal runaway flue gas, so that the thermal runaway flue gas can be burned as completely as possible.

[0052] In order to further ensure the safety of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device 3 during use, a fire-blocking structure is added to the flue gas conveying pipe 31 to prevent the backflow flame generated by the combustion of the thermal runaway flue gas in the combustion chamber 321 from damaging the battery module 22. The fire-blocking structure is installed on the flue gas conveying pipe 31, and generally adopts a pipeline flame arrester, a backfire valve, etc.

[0053] The above-mentioned igniter 33 is used to ignite the thermal runaway flue gas input into the combustion chamber 321 from the flue gas delivery pipe 31. The igniter 33 can be implemented in different structures. For example, an existing arc igniter or a resistance wire igniter can be used. The arc igniter can specifically be a pulse igniter. In this embodiment, the igniter 33 preferably uses a pulse igniter with reliable ignition. The pulse igniter specifically includes a pulse generator 332 and an ignition needle 331. When the igniter 33 is installed, the ignition needle 331 is installed in the ignition housing 32, and the pulse generator 332 is installed outside the ignition housing 32 to prevent the combustion flame or heat of the thermal runaway flue gas from damaging the pulse generator 332. In addition, a partition is installed in the ignition housing 32, one side of the partition is the combustion chamber 321, and the other side is installed with the ignition needle 331.

[0054] In the igniter 33 of the above structure, the number of ignition needles 331 can be set according to demand, and can be set to 1 or more than 2. If the amount of thermal runaway smoke generated by the thermal runaway battery is small, one ignition needle 331 can be opened to treat the thermal runaway smoke. If the thermal runaway battery generates a lot of thermal runaway smoke, multiple ignition needles 331 can be opened to ignite the thermal runaway smoke. In addition, when the number of ignition needles 331 is set to multiple, the reliability of ignition can be guaranteed. When one ignition needle 331 fails or malfunctions, the other ignition needles 331 can work normally.

[0055] The igniter 33 can be turned on by the battery management system 222 (BMS), which monitors the voltage, current and temperature of each single battery 221 in real time. When any single battery 221 experiences thermal runaway, and the voltage, current and temperature exceed the threshold, the control pulse generator 332 starts ignition. However, since the battery pack 2 and the ignition housing 32 are installed at a certain distance, a longer cable is required for signal transmission. Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, a sensor 36 is installed on the smoke delivery pipe 31. The sensor 36 monitors the flow, pressure, temperature and gas composition in the smoke delivery pipe 31 in real time. When the monitored data exceeds the threshold, a signal is sent to the pulse generator 332 to start ignition. The sensor 36 is preferably a pneumatic sensor or a flow switch. The flow switch or the pneumatic sensor has a high sensitivity and can accurately start the igniter when the battery in the battery pack 2 has thermal runaway.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the structure of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device 3 of this embodiment is similar to that of Example 1. The difference from Example 1 is that the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device 3 of this embodiment also includes an air delivery component 37. The air delivery component 37 mainly delivers external air to the ignition housing 32 so that the air and the thermal runaway flue gas are mixed before burning. This method can not only ensure that the thermal runaway flue gas can be fully burned, but also the flame generated by the combustion is smaller, thereby further improving the safety of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device 3.

[0058] like Figure 5As shown, the air delivery assembly 37 specifically includes an air supply duct 371 and a fan 372. The inlet of the fan 372 is connected to the external environment, and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the air supply duct 371. The outlet of the air supply duct 371 is connected to the inner cavity of the ignition housing 32. The fan 372 starts when the battery module 22 is in thermal runaway, and continuously delivers air to the combustion chamber 321 to participate in the combustion of the thermal runaway flue gas. In this embodiment, in order to ensure the reliable operation of the fan 372, a DC / DC converter 376 is also connected to the fan 372 to convert the voltage to a voltage at which the fan 372 can work, so that the fan 372 can work reliably.

[0059] The air supply duct 371 is also provided with a flow regulating device, which regulates the air flow in the air supply duct 371 so that the ratio of oxygen in the air and combustible gas in the thermal runaway flue gas reaches the optimal combustion ratio, so that the thermal runaway flue gas can be further fully burned. The flow regulating device can adopt an existing flow control valve or an air regulating piece 373. When installing the flow control valve, it can be directly installed on the air supply duct 371.

[0060] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, when the air-conditioning sheet 373 is installed, it is specifically inserted into the inner cavity of the air supply duct 371, and it can slide along the inner cavity of the air supply duct 371. By moving the position of the air-conditioning sheet 373, the area through which the air passes in the air supply duct 371 is controlled, thereby controlling the air flow rate. In addition, a second locking nut 375 is provided on the side wall of the air supply duct 371, and the air-conditioning sheet 373 has a strip hole 374 on the outer side of the air supply duct 371. After the position of the air-conditioning sheet 373 is adjusted to the right position, the air-conditioning sheet 373 is locked in the current position by the second locking nut 375.

[0061] like Figure 6 As shown, when the above-mentioned fan 372 is specifically installed, it can be installed in the control box 38. At this time, a sealing plate with multiple through holes is provided on the outer wall of the control box 38, and the sealing plate is detachably installed on the control box 38, so that the components in the control box 38 can be easily repaired and replaced. The inlet of the fan 372 is connected to the inner cavity of the control box 38, and the outlet of the fan 372 conveys air to the combustion chamber 321 through the air supply duct 371. In addition, the pulse generator 332, the DC / DC converter 376 and the sensor 36 can also be installed in the control box 38 to achieve integrated installation. At the same time, the control box 38 can also protect the fan 372, the pulse generator 332, the DC / DC converter 376 and the sensor 36 to increase their service life.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] like Figure 7As shown, this embodiment provides a battery pack, which can be a battery pack in an electric vehicle or a battery pack for an energy storage system. The battery pack 2 has a second connection portion, which specifically includes a smoke exhaust hole 211 and a sealing connector. The smoke exhaust hole 211 is used to discharge the thermal runaway smoke to the thermal runaway smoke treatment device 3 connected to the smoke exhaust hole 211 when the battery in the battery pack 2 has a thermal runaway. The sealing connector is installed on the smoke exhaust hole 211, and the sealing connector seals the smoke exhaust hole 211 when the battery pack 2 is not connected to the smoke conveying pipe 31. The above-mentioned sealing connector can adopt an existing sealing plug. In this case, the smoke exhaust hole 211 can be a threaded hole with an external thread or an internal thread, and the first connection portion is specifically a threaded hole with an internal thread or an external thread arranged at the end of the smoke conveying pipe 31. When the battery pack 2 is not connected to the thermal runaway smoke treatment device 3, the sealing plug blocks the smoke exhaust hole 211. When the battery pack 2 is connected to the thermal runaway smoke treatment device 3, the sealing plug is removed, and then the smoke exhaust hole 211 of the battery pack 2 is connected to the first connecting part of the smoke conveying pipe 31 of the thermal runaway smoke treatment device 3 through threaded matching.

[0064] In this embodiment, the battery pack and the smoke conveying pipe 31 are connected using the following structure.

[0065] like Figure 8 As shown, the end of the smoke conveying pipe 31 of this embodiment is provided with a first connection part, and the first connection part includes a pressing protrusion 311 and a first locking nut 312. The pressing protrusion 311 protrudes from the end of the smoke conveying pipe 31 and is connected to the side wall of the smoke conveying pipe 31. There is a channel for the thermal runaway smoke to pass through between the pressing protrusion 311 and the inner side wall of the smoke conveying pipe 31. The pressing protrusion 311 can be a cross protrusion or a straight protrusion. The outer side of the pressing protrusion 311 is provided with a limiting boss, and the first locking nut 312 is mounted on the limiting boss of the pressing protrusion 311. The first locking nut 312 is used to fix the pressing protrusion 311 with the sealing connector 24 of the battery pack.

[0066] like Figure 8 As shown, the sealing connector 24 in this embodiment includes a fixing member 241, a sealing head 242 and a compression spring 243; the fixing member 241 includes an outer cylinder 2411 and a limiting column 2422 located inside the outer cylinder 2411, the limiting column 2422 is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder 2411, the outer side surface of the sealing head 242 has a conical surface, and the inner surface thereof has a mounting blind hole; when the fixing member 241, the sealing head 242 and the compression spring 243 are installed, the compression spring 243 is installed into the mounting blind hole of the sealing head 242, and then the open end of the sealing head 242 is sleeved on the limiting column 2422. Under the action of the compression spring 243, the conical sealing surface of the sealing head 242 is pressed tightly with the conical sealing surface on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 2411, and at this time, the sealing head 242 seals the chamber inside the outer cylinder 2411.

[0067] When the second connecting portion is connected to the smoke conveying pipe 31, the pressing protrusion 311 at the end of the smoke conveying pipe 31 pushes the sealing head 242 to move toward the inner cavity of the battery pack 2. At this time, the conical sealing surface of the seal of the sealing head 242 is separated from the conical sealing surface on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 2411. At this time, the inner cavity of the battery pack 2 is connected to the smoke conveying pipe 31, and then the pressing protrusion 311 of the smoke conveying pipe 31 is fixed to the sealing connector 24 by locking the lock nut.

[0068] Example 4

[0069] like Fig. 9 As shown, this embodiment provides an electric vehicle, which includes a body 1, a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device 3 in Example 1 or Example 2, and a battery pack 2 in Example 3. The battery pack 2 is installed on the body 1 of the electric vehicle when in use, and is used to power the electrical devices of the electric vehicle. The battery pack 2 can be installed under the seat of the electric vehicle, or under the pedal. The flue gas delivery pipe 31 is installed on the body 1 of the electric vehicle through structures such as clamps, the ignition unit is installed above the rear wheel of the electric vehicle or on one side of the rear wheel, and the first connecting portion of the flue gas delivery pipe is connected to the second connecting portion on the battery pack.

[0070] When any single cell 221 in the battery pack 2 experiences thermal runaway, the battery management system 222 or the flow switch detects the abnormal state of the battery pack 2, issues a warning message (the warning light flashes or the buzzer sounds an alarm), and the igniter 33 starts to ignite the thermal runaway smoke.

Claims

1. A thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, characterized in that: It includes a smoke delivery pipe and an ignition unit; The ignition unit comprises an ignition housing and an igniter; One end of the smoke delivery pipe is provided with a first connection portion for connecting to the second connection portion of the battery pack, the other end of the smoke delivery pipe is connected to the ignition housing, and the length of the smoke delivery pipe realizes safe isolation of the battery pack and the ignition unit; The igniter ignites the thermal runaway flue gas transported by the flue gas transport pipe to the ignition housing.

2. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the smoke conveying pipe is greater than 50 cm, and the smoke conveying pipe is a metal bellows.

3. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ignition unit also includes a porous structure; the ignition housing includes a combustion chamber and a smoke exhaust pipe, the combustion chamber is a structure with one end open, the porous structure is installed to the open end of the combustion chamber, the igniter is located above the porous structure, one port of the smoke exhaust pipe is connected to the open end of the combustion chamber, and the other port is connected to the external environment, which is used to discharge thermal runaway smoke after combustion treatment.

4. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The angle between the two ports of the smoke exhaust pipe is 70° to 120°.

5. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes an air delivery component, which includes an air supply duct and a fan. The inlet of the fan is connected to the external environment, and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the air supply duct. The outlet of the air supply duct is connected to the inner cavity of the ignition shell.

6. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air supply duct is provided with a flow regulating device for regulating the air flow.

7. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The first connection portion includes a pressing protrusion and a first locking nut. The pressing protrusion is fixedly connected to the side wall of the smoke conveying pipe, and there is a channel for thermal runaway smoke to pass through between the pressing protrusion and the side wall of the smoke conveying pipe. The first locking nut is used to fix the pressing protrusion to the second connection portion of the battery pack.

8. A battery pack, characterized in that: The battery pack is provided with a second connection portion, which is used to connect to the first connection portion of the smoke conveying pipe in the thermal runaway smoke treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 7; the second connection portion seals the battery pack when the battery pack is not connected to the smoke conveying pipe, and realizes connection with the first connection portion when the battery pack is connected to the smoke conveying pipe.

9. The battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second connecting part includes a smoke exhaust hole and a sealing connecting part arranged on the smoke exhaust hole, and the sealing connecting part includes a fixing part, a sealing head and a compression spring; the fixing part includes an outer cylinder and a limiting column fixed in the outer cylinder, the outer wall of the sealing head has a conical sealing surface, and a mounting blind hole is provided inside thereof, the sealing head is located in the inner cavity of the outer cylinder and is mounted on the limiting column; the compression spring is installed in the mounting blind hole, and is used to fit and press the conical sealing surface of the sealing head with the conical sealing surface on the inner wall of the outer cylinder.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a vehicle body, a battery pack as claimed in any one of claims 8 to 9, and a thermal runaway smoke treatment device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the battery pack and the thermal runaway smoke treatment device are both mounted on the vehicle body, and the first connection portion of the smoke delivery pipe is connected to the second connection portion on the battery pack.

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